follows a passage which is the very transcendentalism of the clothes philosophy, and which is also a delightful glimpse of Garrick.

"There is a scene of 'Hamlet,"" says Mr. Lichtenberg, "which I described in a former letter. In that scene Garrick speaks with his back to the audience. The effect of his utterance depends chiefly upon that of his attitude. You can't see his countenance: you can only see his coat. But the coat is familiar to us, and experience has enabled us to attach, instinctively, particular meanings to particular changes in the appearance of it.

effect by acting in a costume which strikingly differs from the dress in which our eye is helped by habit to distinguish, to a straw's breadth, the too much and too little. Let me explain: Í am not asking Julius Cæsar and the English Henrys and Richards to appear upon the stage in the uniform of the Life-Guards. The general public has picked up, either at school or from coins and popular prints, quite enough antiquarian knowledge to understand and appreciate, when it sees them on the stage, a great number of costumes which it sees nowhere else. All I At the moment I am speak-mean is that whensoever and wheresoever the aning of there was a diagonal crease across the tiquary is still dormant in the brain of the pubback of this coat from the shoulder to the hip, lic, the actor, if he rightly understands his art, which unmistakably indicated the effort made will be the last person to awaken him......I think by its wearer to repress some strong emotion. that Mr. Garrick has wisely foregone the small When I saw that crease in his coat I saw almost personal satisfaction of a few commonplace euloas much of the inner workings of the man's mind giums on his antiquarian accuracy, in order to as the face of him could have shown me had achieve and hold fast the conquest of a thousand it been visible. Suppose, now, that Hamlet's hearts." 'inky coat' had been cut according to antiquarian prescription, what should I have seen in the crease of it? Nothing intelligible. An actor who has a good figure-and every tragic actor ought to have a good figure-can not but lose

Whether Mr. Lichtenberg speaks for himself or for Mr. Lytton, who introduces him, the two gentlemen together contribute a great deal of humor and shrewdness to the discussion of the question.

Editor's Literary Record.

BIOGRAPHY.

The Life and Times of Lord Brougham, written by himself (Harper and Brothers), constitutes really far more than an autobiography. It affords an important as well as authentic chapter of history rather an important contribution to the material of which history is composed.

Lord Brougham was born at Edinburgh in 1779; he died at Cannes, France, in 1868. His life thus covered nearly a century-a century, too, which constituted an epoch in the history of civilization, especially in that of the Anglo-Saxon race. At the time he came into public life, to quote his own words, "protection reigned triumphant; parliamentary representation in Scotland had hardly an existence; the Catholics were unemancipated, the test acts unrepealed; men were hung for stealing a few shillings in a dwellinghouse; no counsel allowed to a prisoner accused of a capital offense; the horrors of the slave-trade tolerated; the prevailing tendencies of the age jobbery and corruption." He lived to see the slave-trade abolished, and slavery itself supplanted by a free-labor system in both the Old and the New World; criminal law so amended as to secure a more sure and speedy punishment of the guilty, because it secured a more certain protection to the innocent; punishment adjusted to crime, and converted from a species of revenge to a method of reform; the last semblance of religious persecution abolished from English law, and men of every religion, and of none at all, admitted to just and equal share in political representation; the rotten borough system effectually amended; and suffrage made so general as to include in some measure every important class in the community. He lived to see the Pestalozzian system applied to education; iron railways supplanting the old post-roads ; steamboats and steam

ships taking the places of the packet vessels of the past; telegraph lines supplementing the mails; the mails themselves made a universal convenience by the adoption of the penny postage; the daguerreotypist's art placing mementoes of the dead within the reach of the poorest; the rights of the laboring classes partially protected by legislation, and their safety and health still further assured by such triumphs of practical science as Davy's safety-lamp. In all these movements, whether in science, law, or politics, Lord Brougham has borne a distinguished part. One of his first literary efforts was a paper, written at the age of seventeen, on the "Refraction and Reflection of Light," and up to the day of his death natural science continued to be at once a study and a recreation. In literature, he united with Sydney Smith and Jeffrey in establishing the Edinburgh Review, a periodical consecrated from the beginning to legal, political, and literary reform. In politics, never truly a politician, he devoted himself less to party triumphs than to political reforms, and it is rather to his praise than to his disparagement that those which he advocated were so radical and so comprehensive that they could only be passed in fragments and at wide intervals. The life of such a man-the contemporary in science of Daguerre, Sir Humphrey Davy, Stephenson, Watt, Fulton, and Morse; in literature of Jeffrey, Sydney Smith, Walter Scott, Lord Byron, and Coleridge; in law of Erskine and Hope; in legal reform the successor of Jeremy Bentham; in politics the companion of Fox and Pitt-is the interior history of the moral and political progress of the nineteenth century. The very garrulity of the old age of so busy and eventful a life becomes interesting, its very egotism pardonable. The first volume, which alone is before us, brings this history down to the close

EDITOR'S LITERARY RECORD.

his work that it is unnecessarily prolix. Mr.
Bayne lacks that essential qualification of a good
editor, the self-denial to omit matter interesting
but not indispensable. If the whole work could
have been condensed into one volume it would
have been more widely read, and would have pro-
duced a profounder influence on the reader.
Nevertheless, as it stands, it is pre-eminently a
healthful book. An hour in its companionship
is as invigorating to the mind as an hour spent in
the pure and bracing air of the Scottish hills is
to the body.

of the year 1811. It tells us of Brougham's school-days, and introduces us to Playfair and Dugald Stewart; brings us into fellowship with the Edinburgh bar; carries us into the apartments of Jeffrey at Buccleuch Place, where the Edinburgh Review was born; transports us to Portugal, and gives us an inside view of British diplomacy; takes us to London, and introduces us to Pitt, unbending, and finding relief from the cares of state in wild pranks and sham fights at home, such as in the average school-boy would shock the staid professor; and finally leaves us just on the A singular story is the Story of my Life, by threshold of Lord Brougham's political career, with the promise of far greater interest in the suc- HANS CHRISTIAN ANDERSEN (Hurd and Houghceeding volumes, which are to tell us of his anti-ton), with romance enough in it to justify its beslavery campaign, of his vigorous and partiallying entitled a "wonder story," and with sunshine successful measures for popular education, of his enough in it to justify the opening sentence of the gallant and far-famed defense of Queen Caroline, opening chapter-"My life is a lovely story, hapand of his multiform labors in favor of law reform.py and full of incident." From the day when he The fault of this three-volumed work is the com- went out from Odense in 1819, a poor boy, to mon fault of all autobiography-there is too much seek his fortune, and hoping to find it on the of it. There is, indeed, a satisfaction in the as- stage, to that in which he returned in 1867, with surance of the editor that he has scrupulously the whole town decorated and illuminated and obeyed the directions of Lord Brougham: "I given over to a public fête in honor of his arrival, will have no editor to alter or rewrite what I de-a delightful faith pervades his life, and makes it sire shall be published as exclusively my own. Nevertheless, it were to be desired that some editor might take these three volumes, and, weeding out that which is of local and transient interest only, give to the American public, especially to the juvenile public, a single and not too large volume of biography of the man who, with all his failings, possessed one of the most comprehensive minds of the past century, and whose peaceful yet aggressive career affords an example well worth the diligent study of ambitious "Young America."

The first impression of the reader in taking up Hugh Miller's Life and Letters, by PETER BAYNE (Gould and Lincoln), is not altogether favorable. Cui bono? is the question which he who has read "My Schools and School-masters" at once asks himself. Has Hugh Miller's autobiography left any room for a biography by another hand? But this impression disappears in the reading of the volumes. The question receives, unexpectedly Peter to the questioner, an affirmative answer. Bayne has found abundant material for his work without trenching unduly on the field occupied by the autobiography. He has given an estimate of Hugh Miller's character and place in literature, possibly somewhat too partial, yet not blindly so; and by frankly confessing the weakness of his hero, while exhibiting rather than praising his sterling qualities, he has brought the singular but noble Scotchman into something of the same tender, sympathetic relations with the reader which he sustained to those who knew him best while he lived. Hugh Miller is chiefly known in the world of letters by his contributions to its Yet his fame rests rather scientific literature. upon the success with which he achieved the difficult task of presenting scientific truths in poetic and popular forms than upon any original scientific investigations or discoveries. It is doubtful whether his editorial work, during the sixteen years in which he conducted The Witness, was not really more permanently influential, though less prominently and widely known, than his later scientific volumes. And this chapter of his life, before unwritten, Mr. Bayne has given us It is the misfortune of fully and graphically.

always and every where life in the sunshine, because life in the strong and undeviating faith to which he himself gives expression in the sentiment, "There is a loving God, who directs all things for the best."

The Knightly Soldier (Noyes, Holmes, and Co.) is the fitting title of the biography of Major Henry Ward Camp. We confess to taking up memoirs ordinarily with a prejudice. The prejudice must be strong indeed that could resist the influence of so healthful a book as this, the life of a strong, vigorous, manly Christian soldier, who never mistook cowardice for Christianity, or morbid feeling for religious principle.

RELIGIOUS.

It is not too much to say that there is not in the Christian Church a bolder thinker than Dr. M'Cosн, nor a more progressive thinker than this representative of the most conservative of educational institutions, Princeton College. There is a heartiness in Dr. M'Cosh's faith which makes such a book as his last-Christianity and PosiHe has undertaken to deal tivism (Robert Carter and Brothers)-peculiarly invigorating. with modern questions in "a series of lectures to the times;" and he has ably accomplished his aim. Whatever may be thought of his conclusions, no one can accuse him of evading any issue, of misunderstanding or misstating any of the modern objections to the Christian system, of building up a man of straw that he may batter it down again. He knows what Darwinism is, knows the arguments on which it is based, knows the estimate so far formed upon it in the scientific world, is ready to concede a measure of truth in it, understands thoroughly its weak points, and is able to state, with a calmness and a precision which comes only of accurate knowledge, in what respects he regards it erroneous, and why. The sharp and just criticism which he offers upon a certain popular style of religioscientific discussion can not be urged against his pages: "I have heard fervent preachers denouncing the nebular hypothesis of the heavens, and the theories of the origin of organic species, in a manner and spirit which was only fitted to dam

age the religion which they meant to recommend in the view of every man of science who heard them; and which drew from others of us the wish that they had kept by what they were fit for-proclaiming the Gospel to perishing sinners, and illustrating the graces of Christian character, and left science to men of science." No one who has read Dr. M'Cosh's "Typical Forms and Special Ends in Creation" will deny the right of the author to be regarded as a man of science." No one who has read his "Logic,' or his "Intuitions of the Mind," will doubt that he is both by erudition and by mental scope and grasp a metaphysician; while every reader of his previous works will concede to him an intellectual freedom, a hearty readiness to accept truth wherever he finds it, whether in the works of a Darwin, a Huxley, or a Renan, which conventional criticism does not ordinarily impute to Scotch theologians. In a word, Dr. M'Cosh has the mental strength and vigor which belong to a land that has given the world a Knox, a Chalmers, and a Hugh Miller, without any sign of that narrow-mindedness which is often, though unwarrantably, attributed to the home of the "Covenanters."

at once unfolds and eulogizes. How little he uses the word in a theological sense appears from the fact that the Lutheran Reformation is treated as essentially of the same spirit as Calvinism, modified chiefly by the more genial temperament of its advocate, and the more favorable circumstances in which, according to Mr. Froude, he was situated.-The New Testament HandBook, by STEPHEN HAWES (Lee and Shepard), only pretends to be a compilation from larger "works. Its cheapness and its compact form, adapting it to the pocket, are its chief recommendations. Its arrangement does not appear to us happy, and it contains little or nothing that can not be found in more convenient form for reference in a good Bible dictionary.-In Fresh Leaves from the Book and its Story, by the authoress of the "Missing Link" (Carters), is given in a popular form the history of the people of God from the creation to the close of the New Testament canon. It is fully illustrated with wood-cuts, which are selected rather for their instructiveness than for their beauty. The biblical scholar will not expect to find in such a book any new information; but the general reader will find in it an interesting and instructive narrative, told in a way that entitles it to be called "fresh" leaves, though it adheres closely to the familiar Scripture narrative. A book with a somewhat similar purpose-less popular, but, as a compend, more useful-is Dr. WILLIAM SMITH'S Smaller Scripture History (Harpers). His previous Bible histories have already proved their value by the verdict of many readers. The substance of both of them is compressed into this little pocket manual, which is a model of condensation, and a useful addition to the Sabbath-school library, which ought always to have a shelf, or rather several shelves, for such helps to students.-God's Rescues (Randolph) is a volume of three sermons, by Dr. WILLIAM R. WILLIAMS, on the three parables of Luke xv. Dr. Williams, though not a popular preacher, is at once a scholarly and a spiritual writer. Possibly he presses the aspect of the parables, as representing the work of the Son, the Spirit, and the Father in setting up the kingdom of heaven, farther than he can carry the minds of most of his readers, and yet there is a simplicity in his method and an earnestness in his spirit which prevent the book from having any aspect of fantastic scholasticism.-The fifth volume of the new edition of BARNES's notes-Epistle to the Romans—is issued by the Harpers. As there is no book in the Bible more purely theological, so there is no one of these useful volumes which brings out more strikingly Mr. Barnes's views on theological themes: and, if we mistake not, it was for utterances in these notes, now generally accepted as affording a moderate and sound interpretation, that he was suspended for nearly a year from the active exercise of the ministry.

Dr. M'Cosh was, therefore, a fitting man to be chosen by the Union Theological Seminary to deliver this year the course of "Ely Lectures on the Evidences of Christianity." No better representative of the orthodox Christian faith could have been put forth; and those who least assent to his creed will be ready to concede the vigor and ability with which it is defended. The lectures, though on abstruse and unpopular subjects, were listened to by thronged audiences, and we shall be surprised if in their printed form they do not meet with a cordial reception and a wide reading. They divide the general issue between modern Christianity and modern unbelief into three questions, or rather classes of questions: 1. Those raised by the progress of physical science, as represented by such men as Darwin and Wallace. 2. Those raised by mental science, as represented by Herbert Spencer on the one hand, and Büchner, Maudsley, Huxley, and other materialists on the other. 3. Those raised by historical investigation, and represented in their most popular form by Renan's "Life of Christ." Thus the three grounds of modern skepticism are well covered, the last perhaps least adequately, since Renan, though the most popular, is also the most inconsistent and most easily answered of all the historical critics. No man who wishes to inform himself concerning the present state of the issue between the Christian faith and unbelief can afford to leave this volume unread.

FICTION.

Mr. FROUDE'S address on Calvinism (Scribner), originally delivered to the students of St. Andrew's, is more remarkable from the unexpected quarter whence it issues than from the nature of the address itself. It is not, however, as the reader might imagine, a defense of Calvinism as a theological system, but an interesting and valuable sketch of religious reform from the days of Moses to those of John Calvin. Un-haps it will not be the most popular, of Miss derlying them all Mr. Froude discovers a common principle; animating them all he discovers a common spirit. It is this spirit of faith in a living God, this principle of religion as a practical life, which constitutes the Calvinism which he

WE are inclined to think the Silent Partner (James R. Osgood and Co.) the best, though per

Phelps's novels. It is far more effective and artistic than "Hedged In," though it lacks that peculiar magnetism which personal experience alone can impart, and which rendered "Gates Ajar" as powerful as it was popular. If Miss

of Miss Mulock, and the Appletons those of Miss Yonge. We have of the first-named author "The Ogilvies," and of the latter "Heart'sEase" and "Daisy Chain." Either series is well

Phelps would labor less, she would succeed better. It seems unjust alternately to criticise careless and labored writing; but that is alone truly artistic which is genuinely natural, and such an opening paragraph as that of the "Silent Part-worth a place in the family library. ner" is a defect too serious to be ignored. Miss Phelps is an original writer, but she is not Charles Dickens, and she loses her own inimitable grace when she endeavors to imitate him. The book is defective, too, for not coming to any natural end. It ravels out, and leaves a ragged and unfinished edge. Nevertheless, it is more than an interesting story; it is a terribly needed lesson, if one-half her picture is to be accepted as true-a lesson that not only the mill-book can have.-Ashcliffe Hall is a tale of the owners of New England, but, if the ominous signs of the times are not false prophets, the mine-owners of Pennsylvania, need to consider too; in truth, a lesson for capital to ponder more than it ever has done, be it employed how or where it may.

We need not advise the readers of Harper's Magazine that Anteros (Harper and Brothers) is an interesting story, or that its painful ending points a moral which, in an era that produces such fatal fruit as the Fair-Crittenden case, is sorely needed. It is true that those critics who think that ignorance is the best protection which purity can possess will be sure to condemn, on moral grounds, this story, whose moral we commend. We certainly advise no one to read it who objects to the powerful and dramatic portrayal of vicious love and its inevitable consequences-a tormented conscience, a ruined character, and a life destroyed beyond reparation. But such readers should supply themselves with the expurgated edition of the Bible which an English house has provided, since nowhere is the development and course of guilty love more powerfully portrayed than in some of the Old Testament stories-that of David and Bathsheba, for example. Those, on the other hand, who believe with us that "forewarned is forearmed" will find the incidental disadvantages of such a story as "Anteros" more than compensated for by the significance of the lesson which it is evidently intended to inculcate.

Foundations; or, Castles in the Air, by ROSE PORTER (Randolph), is a very simple storyalmost too quietly simple in its common incident of a country lad, tempted and falling into sin in city life, yet restored at last through genuine repentance. The story is little or nothing, but it is the vehicle of many quiet and beautiful thoughts, and of a tender, religious spirit, pervasive and potent, because of its very quiet. It is a story that has power, not as a whirlwind or a thunder-bolt, but as a quiet summer day, whose very stillness is its power.-The author of The Sisters of Orleans (G. P. Putnam and Son) displays some ingenuity in the construction of an entirely incredible plot, and some dramatic power in the portrayal of some very improbable scenes; but the characterization is unnatural, and the novel itself is ill-timed, if its object is to portray the horrors of slavery, and worse than ill-timed if it simply employs them for the purpose of constructing a sensationally tragic romance. It may be accepted, we hope, as a sign that the public taste does not wholly run to sensationalism in novels, that the Harpers are publishing, in a uniform edition, the works

From Carter and Brothers we receive several juvenile stories. Dora's Motto is sure to secure a favorable verdict from those most critical of critics, the little folks. The fact that in our own house her motto, "Be courteous," has been hung up by the children in their respective rooms, and her method of recording the deeds which infringed and those which exemplified the motto has been adopted by them, is the best praise the last century, and gives, besides an interesting story and some bits of history, a striking and useful contrast between formal and superstitious religion and an ennobling Christian life.- What Shauny did to the Light-House is a short story of mischief done by a child, and counteracted by care and watching and bravery on the part of the parents.-The Broken Bud is a republication of a book prepared some years ago by a bereaved mother as a tribute to the memory of a beloved child. It can not fail of its purpose, that of affording consolation to other hearts similarly bereaved.-Lee and Shepard send us two volumes from the pen of Oliver Optic. He is always popular with the boys; but we do not think he is a safe guide, or affords them the best sort of inspiration.-Having read "Misunderstood" with great interest, we gladly greeted A Very Simple Story (Randolph), by the same author, only to be disappointed in finding it a very sad and unnatural story.

MISCELLANEOUS.

This

John Woolman's Journal (James R. Osgood and Co.) introduces us to some of the interior and hidden influences which preceded and produced the antislavery agitation. The little seed, the fruit of which was "Uncle Tom's Cabin❞ in literature and the Emancipation Proclamation in politics, was dropped silently in the furrow by this American Quaker preacher during the eighteenth century. The extent to which the social and political revolution of two continents was affected, not remotely, by the unostentatious labors of this pioneer, from whose gentle spirit later reformers might well have learned some lessons, will be a surprise to most of those who now read for the first time the story of his life. spirit, transfusing the most modest of autobiographies, takes it out of the arena of controversy, and gives to his style that exquisite purity and to his Christianity that fascination which Coleridge attributed to them.-We rarely think it necessary to enter upon any criticism in these pages of purely professional books, whether legal, medical, or technically theological. The fact, however, that WILLIAM WHITING'S War Powers under the Constitution of the United States (Lee and Shepard) has passed to a forty-third edition is a sufficiently phenomenal fact to deserve mention; and the subject which includes "military arrests," "return of rebellious States to the Union," "military government of hostile territory," and "war claims" is not one which has wholly lost its importance with the return of peace. In the various questions likely to arise out of the "KuKlux" on the one hand, and the various claims

against the government on the other, this volume is the best legal authority extant; and it is a work which consequently deserves and demands the attention not merely of the lawyer, but of the legislator, the reformer, and the political editor as well. This much we may say without undertaking to enter into a critical examination of the legal principles discussed in the volume-a task for which we have not the space, and which does not come within our purposed prov

ince.

EVERY American must feel some personal pride in the fact that Dr. JOHN W. DRAPER'S

Editor's

"History of the Intellectual Development of Eu-
rope," having already appeared abroad in English,
French, German, and Italian dress, is now print.
ed in the Russian language. Translations of his
three volumes on the "History of the Civil War
in America" into French, Russian, and German
are in course of preparation. The honor of
translation into the Russian tongue, never before
awarded to any American book except "Uncle
Tom's Cabin," is a remarkable evidence of the
progress of American ideas, since, in the realm
of philosophy, Dr. Draper's works are quite as
characteristically American as
"Uncle Tom's
Cabin" is in the realm of fiction.

SUMMARY OF SCIENTIFIC PROGRESS. feasible route-that by Tehuantepec being dethe summary of scientific progress publish- ficient in water at the high levels, that by Nic

Ied in the Magazine for the month of June

we presented a statement of the more prominent movements in science made since the beginning of the present year; and we now renew this record, although little of striking importance has since then come to light.

In the department of Astronomy, an interesting paper has appeared in the Quarterly Journal of Science upon the solar corona, by Mr. Proctor, in which that gentleman takes occasion to sum up the results of the observations made on this subject during the late eclipse, and to show what has been accomplished, and what still remains for the next opportunity to determine.

A paper presented by Professor Ferrell to the National Academy of Science, at its meeting in April last, indicates a method of determining the mass of the moon by tidal observations, the subject being fully discussed in all its bearings.

In Meteorology and Terrestrial Physics we have to note the continued success of the American Storm Signal Service in forecasting the weather, and in giving the means for anticipating the occurrence and the progress of storms.

aragua lacking an accessible harbor for vessels

of considerable draft on the Atlantic, and the height of the water-shed on the Isthmus of Darien preventing a passage except by a complex system of locks, for supplying which it is doubtful whether a sufficient amount of water can be found.

Numerous exploring parties are engaged in Western America in initiating new work or continuing that of previous years. Among_them, Dr. Hayden is preparing for a visit to the Yellow Stone country by way of Salt Lake City, and Major Powell is about starting from the same place for his exploration of the cañons of the Colorado. Lieutenant Wheeler has left Camp Halleck for his survey of portions of Arizona and Nevada; and Mr. Clarence King is continuing his geological and topographical survey along the fortieth parallel. Lord Walsingham, a young Englishman, is collecting minute lepidoptera in California; and M. A. Pinart, a French naturalist, has, it is said, just left San Francisco for an exploration of Alaska. Captain Hall is nearly ready to start for the North Pole in the Polaris, Details in regard to the climatology of South and will be accompanied by Dr. E. Bessels, an America indicate a very remarkable disturb-eminent German naturalist of arctic experience. ance in the usual weather phenomena of that region, shown chiefly in excessive rain-fall in places along the western side of the Andes, where such an occurrence was previously almost unheard of. Various publications of results of Geographical and Geological Exploration have appeared; among them an account by Lieutenant Doane of his visit to the remarkable country at the head of the Yellow Stone River, characterized by the great number of mud volcanoes, hot springs, and geysers.

A new exploration of the deep seas of the Atlantic and Pacific has been announced by the Coast Survey, to be under the charge of Professor Agassiz and Count Pourtalès.

The report of Dr. Hayden's geographical survey of Wyoming Territory, made during the past summer, has also appeared, under the direction of the Interior Department.

The surveys of the Isthmus of Tehuantepec, of Nicaragua, and of Darien, with reference to the construction of a ship-canal, have been continued and partially completed. No very satisfactory exhibit has yet been made of an entirely

Nothing of special interest has been announced on the part of European travelers, except the further progress of Sir Samuel Baker's expedition up the Nile, and the news, tolerably authenticated, of Dr. Livingstone's safety.

In the line of General Natural History we have had many publications, in the form of reviews in journals or of special treatises bearing upon Darwin's great work on the Descent of Man and Sexual Selection. Various professed opponents have entered the field against him, while he has had equally zealous defenders among laymen and even the clergy.

A work of much interest to the American naturalist is that of Mr. J. A. Allen, of Cambridge, upon the birds and mammals of Florida, and upon the value of certain alleged specific characters in these vertebrates, and the influence of region upon their development and condition.

In Economical Natural History we have the initiation of an experiment for stocking the Delaware River with salmon, which, so far as the successful hatching out of the eggs, imported from Canada to New York for that purpose, is con