The Girls' Industrial Home, located at White Sulphur Springs, (Lewis Center), Delaware county, was erected by an act of the General Assembly, May 5th, 1869; to which girls, "over seven and under sixteen years of age," may be committed for offences against the laws of the State, State, or "who are leading idle, vagrant or vicious lives," or "are found in circumstances of want and suffering, or of neglect, exposure, abandonment or beggary;" and there "kept, disciplined, instructed, employed and governed," till legally discharged.

The law makes provision for the establishment of jails in the several counties of the State. These jails are designed as places of punishment for persons convicted of minor offenses, and of detention for those who are held to await trial on charges of felony.

Prisons are established in cities and villages for the punishment of disorderly persons.

Questions-For what purposes are penal and reformatory institutions established? Where is the State penitentiary located? What class of offenders are confined in the penitentiary? What is said of the management and control of the penitentiary? Name its officers and state how they are appointed. What are the general duties of the Warden? Where is the reform farm school located? What persons are committed to the reform farm school? What did the farm and improvements cost the State? How many boys are there at this school? Describe the buildings. What is said of the labor and schooling of the inmates? What State institution has been provided for the care and reformation of girls? What is said of it? What class of girls are committed to it?

CRIMES AND MISDEMEANORS.

CHAPTER LI.

PUBLIC WRONGS-NECESSITY FOR PUNISHMENT-OFFENCES HOW CLASSIFIED.

The happiness of human beings depends largely upon the observance of certain rules and regulations in their relations with each other; and since some are unwilling to recognize and abide by these rules it has been found necessary to exercise power to enforce obedience to and acquiescence in them.

The remedy for wrongs or injuries that affect persons in their private capacity is by an action for the recovery of individual damages. But where the act is of such a nature as to endanger the public peace or morals, it is punished as a crime, and may also be redressed as a civil injury.

A crime is defined as "any act done by a person in violation of public duty that the law has directed to be done, or prohibited, and punishes its infraction."

In a limited sense the word crime is confined to felony, that is, to those offences that are punishable by death or imprisonment in the penitentiary.

Misdemeanors include all offences inferior in grade

to felonies.

The term offence is nearly synonymous with misdemeanor, but is usually applied to crimes not indictable, but punishable, summarily, or by the forfeiture of a penalty.

To enable the government to enforce the law against the commission of crimes, it is necessary to inflict punishment on offenders.

These punishments are designed to deter persons from violating the law, sometimes to furnish redress to the injured party, and always to hold out an example and induce reformation.

The statutes of this State classify crimes and misdemeanors as follows: Those which, on account of their atrocity, are by law made punishable by death or imprisonment in the penitentiary, are called crimes of the "first class;" those punishable generally by fines and imprisonment in county jails, or fine, or imprisonment, are called crimes of the "second class;" the "third class" consists of all minor offences.

Persons accused of crime have the right to counsel and witnesses in open court.

An acquittal on a trial of the facts is a bar to further prosecutions for the same offence.

Questions-What is said in regard to the happiness of human beings? the remedy for private wrongs? When it is of a public character?

Of

What is

a crime? Misdemeanor? Offence? What is the design of punishment? How do the statutes of this State classify crimes and misdemeanors? What rights have persons accused of crime? What is said of an acquittal ?

CHAPTER LII.

ABSTRACT OF THE CRIMINAL LAWS OF OHIO.*

In preparing an abstract of the criminal laws of Ohio we have sought perspicuity and at the same time brevity. In abbreviating, "p" is made to stand for "penitentiary"; "y" is made to stand for "year"; "mo" for "month"; "d" for "day"; "j" for "jail"; "j b w" for "jail on bread and water only"; "f" for "fine"; "ex" for "exceeding". These abbreviations will indicate the penalties for the offences enumerated in the abstract.

For laws prescribing punishment for those offences which are the offspring of lust; offences against chastity and decency, the student is referred to the statutes of the State. The punishment for such crimes is justly severe, being, in some cases, by imprisonment in the State penitentiary.

Though the places of imprisonment indicated in the statutes for the various offences, are either jail or the State penitentiary, it is provided by law that boys under

* It is deemed unnecessary to arrange questions for this chapter, as it is believed the proper questions will be readily suggested to the teacher, if it should be thought advisable to require pupils to commit the abstract.