not with reasonable particularity specify and describe the shipments as to
which the complaint is made, does not operate to stop the running of the
period of limitation provided in the law; and does not give the members of the
association the opportunity subsequently to come in and take advantage of the
complaint by proving up their shipments, which would be barred of relief
upon separate and individual complaints if then filed by themselves. Mo. &
Kan. Shippers' Assn. v. A., T. & S. F. Ry. Co. 411.

BASING RATE.

Rates from eastern destinations to Denver are constructed by adding together
rates to the Missouri River and from the Missouri River and applying to the
resulting base rate the graduate scale. The rate upon small packages thus
obtained is much less than the sum of the locals upon the same package to and
from the Missouri River and somewhat less up to 50 pounds in weight. The
great majority of packages handled are under 50 pounds; Held, That this
method of constructing through rates was not unlawful, for while the rate upou
packages weighing 50 pounds and over would be somewhat high, the total
result was reasonable. Kindel v. Adams Express Co. et al. 475.

Southern points to Ohio River. Reliance Textile & Dye Works v. Southern
Ry. Co. et al. 48.

BEER.

A rate of 45 cents applied to the transportation of beer from Pueblo to Lead-
ville, which is part of a through transportation from St. Louis to Leadville, is
excessive; such rate should not exceed 30 cents per 100 pounds. Reparation
awarded. Baer Bros. Mercantile Co. v. Mo. Pac. Ry. Co. et al. 329.
Mixed carloads with mineral water. Milwaukee-Waukesha Brewing Co. r.
C., M. & St. P. Ry. Co. et al. 28.

BILL OF LADING.

It is a mischievous practice for carriers to publish in their tariffs and on
their bills of lading rules and regulations which are misleading, unreasonable,
or incapable of literal enforcement in a court of law. In re Released Rates.
550.

The defendants advanced their through rates from eastern points to Chicago
and Minneapolis 3 cents per 100 pounds on first class and 1 cents on Rule 25,
etc., and these new rates included the cost of marine insurance. The bill of
lading issued did not show definitely the rights of the shippers thereunder;
Held, That the advanced rates are unreasonable and should be reduced unless
the carriers issue bills of lading making them responsible for loss by perils of
the sea. Wyman, Partridge & Co. et al. v. B. & M. R. R. et al. 258.
Exhibit as shipping receipt. Leonard v. K. C. S. Ry. Co. et al. 573.
Local waybill. Baer Bros. Mercantile Co. v. Mo. Pac. Ry. Co. et al. 329.
Manipulation of billing in reshipment. Traffic Bureau, etc., of St. Louis r.
Mo. Pac. Ry. Co. et al. 105.

Provisions of, should be fair and unambiguous and free from suspicion of
illegality. In re Released Rates. 550.

State road, by giving through billing, becomes an interstate carrier. Cos-
mopolitan Shipping Co. v. Hamburg-American Packet Co. et al. 266.
Weights, failure to correct billing after ascertaining actual weights. Romona
Oolitic Stone Co. v. Vandalia R. R. Co. 115.

BIRCH.

Value and rates to Pacific coast. Burgess et al. v. Transcontinental Freight
Bureau et al. 668.

BLANKET RATE.

Coal for Nebraska points from Rock Springs and Hanna. Nebraska State Railway Commission v. U. P. R. R. Co. 349.

General over territory between Missouri River and Chicago common points. Bovaird Supply Co. v. A., T. & S. F. Ry. Co. et al. 56.

Transcontinental lines.

et al. 644.

Phillips-Trawick-James Co. et al. v. So. Pac. Co.

Burgess v. Transcontinental Freight Bureau et al. 668.

BOTH DIRECTIONS.

Rates not necessarily the same. Burgess et al. v. Transcontinental Freight Bureau et al. 668.

BRICK.

Enameled brick and press brick, description and rates. Hydraulic Press Brick Co. v. St. L. & S. F. R. R. Co. et al. 342.

Paving brick, rates on, from Galesburg, Ill., and Kansas points. Lincoln Commercial Club v. C., R. I. & P. Ry. Co. et al. 319.

BRIDGE TOLL.

At Memphis on lumber and staves. Thompson Lumber Co. v. I. C. R. R. Co. et al. 657.

BROOM CORN.

Rates on.

BROOMS.

Coomes & McGraw v. C., M. & St. P. Ry. Co. et al. 192.

Classification of. Forest City Freight Bureau v. Ann Arbor R. R. Co. et

al. 109.

BRUSHES.

The inclusion of wire brushes and brooms, not toilet, in cases in less than carloads, in the first class is unreasonable. Defendants ordered to classify such brushes and brooms in the third class. Forest City Freight Bureau v. Ann Arbor R. R. Co. et al. 109.

CABBAGE.

Rates on.

CABLE.

Chicago & Milwaukee Elec. R. R. v. I. C. R. R. Co. et al. 20.

Rates on rope cable. Bovaird Supply Co. v. A., T. & S. F. Ry. Co. et al. 56. CAMERAS.

While defendants' rate on camera and camera stands from St. Louis to Denver is high, it is not so excessive as to warrant interference. Merchants' Traffic Asso. v. A., T. & S. F. Ry. Co. et al. 283.

CANAL AND LAKE.

Route, through rate, Erie Canal to Buffalo and thence via Great Lakes and rail. Wyman, Partridge & Co. et al. v. B. & M. R. R. et al. 258.

CANAL COMPETITION.

On shipments of pyrites, New York to Buffalo. Detroit Chemical Works. v. Nor, Cent. Ry. Co. et al. 357.

CANNED GOODS.

Rates on. Phillips-Trawick-James Co. et al. v. So. Pac. Co. et al. 644.

CANNEL COAL.

In this case to take same rate as bituminous. Goff-Kirby Coal Co. et al. v. B. & L. E. R. R. Co. 383.

CAPITALIZATION.

This is equally true of the capitalization of the defendants in this proceeding, which bears no relation whatever to the actual investment necessary to the conduct of the business. Kindel v. Adams Express Co. et al. 475.

Atchison, Topeka & Santa Fe Ry. Co. Cattle Raisers' Asso. of Texas v. M., K. & T. Ry. Co. et al. 418.

CAR DELAY.

Increase in rate not justified on account of delay an outgrowth of general congestion throughout the country. Thompson Lumber Co. et al. v. I. C. R. R. Co. et al. 657.

CAR DISTRIBUTION.

Complaint alleges that the method of car distribution known as the "cokeoven basis," enforced by defendant railway company in the Pocahontas Flat Top coal district in West Virginia, unduly discriminates against complainant, and asks that the so-called "capacity basis" of car distribution be adopted; Held, upon all the facts and circumstances in the case, that the coke-oven basis does not fairly measure the relative rights of the various operators in said coal district, but unduly discriminates against complainant and operates to the unreasonable preference of other mining companies in the same field. Powhatan Coal & Coke Co. v. N. & W. Ry. Co. et al. 69.

Complaint alleges that since July 13, 1906, the Detroit & Mackinac Railway Company has discriminated against complainants in furnishing cars for interstate shipments of ice from Tobico, Mich., and that rates charged by defendants on ice from Tobico to points in Ohio are unreasonable; Held, under the circumstances disclosed by the record, that complainants were not unduly prejudiced in their car supply, and that the joint rates on ice from Tobico to points in Ohio are not shown to be unreasonable per se or relatively. Complaint dismissed. Wagner, Zagelmeyer & Co. v. Det. & Mac. Ry. Co. et al. 160.

The plan of car distribution practiced by the defendant was unduly preferential of the fuel-contract mines, and resulted in an unreasonable disadvantage to the purely commercial lines. Royal Coal & Coke Co. v. So. Ry. Co. 440.

In the matter of car distribution, where there is an inadequate supply of coal cars, the only regulation or practice in respect to the transportation of coal from the mines that is just, fair, and reasonable to be hereafter followed is to allow to each mine its fair and just proportion of the coal cars, estimated upon its justly ascertained capacity, and without regard to whether the mine furnishes partly fuel coal and partly commercial coal, or commercial coal only. Id.

In establishing systems of car distribution, defendants have given the mines located on their respective lines daily tonnage ratings, which ratings are not at issue in this controversy. Under the systems established each mine is entitled daily to such percentage of cars as its tonnage rating bears to the total number of cars available for distribution for commercial purposes. Defendants' fuel cars, foreign railway fuel cars, and private cars are not charged against the distributive share of the mines to which they are assigned. Complainant contends that this plan of distribution gives to some mines more cars than they are entitled to under their several ratings, and unjustly discriminates against it and other mines and mine owners. Traer v. C. & A. R. R. Co. 451.

Reparation on account of alleged unjust discrimination of defendant in not furnishing complainant with his proper share of cars for shipment of grain at Wood River, Nebr., in November and December, 1906, while during that time complainant's competitors at that station were favored with grain cars, denied, as the testimony discloses that the time mentioned was during the car-shortage season, and that the business of complainant and his competitors suffered in common during that time, and no undue discrimination in furnishing cars by defendant was satisfactorily shown. MacMurray v. U. P. R. R. Co. 531.

Use by some dealers of the so-called "private" hay cars. Ruttle et al. v.

P. M. R. R. Co. 179.

CAR FITTING.

Certain shippers applied for cars to ship hay, which the carrier, by reason of car shortage, could not furnish at the time and place desired; the carrier informed the shippers that it had certain cattle cars which it could furnish if the shippers would clean and suitably prepare them for the shipments of their hay at their own cost and expense; the shippers accepted these cars upon these terms, cleaned and prepared them, and shipped their hay therein, and then claimed reparation for the cost and expense incurred by them; Held, upon the foregoing statement of facts, that the shippers' claim for reparation based on cost of preparing said cattle cars, be denied and their complaint be dismissed. Laning-Harris Coal & Grain Co. et al. v. St. L. & S. F. R. R. Co. et al. 148.

Because of defendant's insufficient equipment a number of worn-out cars no longer serviceable for interstate movements we acquired and fitted up by certain shippers for the transportation of their hay from local points on the Port Austin division of defendant's line to junction points with other lines, where the hay was transferred to empty system cars and moved forward to eastern markets; Held, that defendant's course in stopping its own cars as well as the cars in its control of connecting carriers, at such junction points, there to be loaded with hay from the "private" cars, instead of sending them up the line to the loading points where all the shippers might share in their distribution, was to the detriment and at the expense of the complainants and other independent dealers, and amounted to a denial to the complainants of the equal enjoyment of the facilities of defendant and was therefore an unlawful discrimination. Ruttle et al. v. P. M. R. R. Co. 179.

False floors for bananas. Topeka Banana Dealers' Asso. v. St. L. & S. F. R. R. Co. et al. 620.

CARLOAD MINIMUM.

Average on nitrate of soda. Ft. Smith Traffic Bureau v. St. L. & S. F. R. R. Co. et al. 651.

Shipments should be billed at actual weight. Romona Oolitic Stone Co. v. C., I. & L. Ry. Co. 569.

CAR MILEAGE.

Allowance equal to three-fourths of 1 cent for each mile traveled. In re Demurrage on Privately Owned Tank Cars, 378.

CAR RENTAL.

Carriers pay each other 50 cents per day. Thompson Lumber Co. et al. v. Ill. Cent. R. R. Co. et al. 657.

CAR REVENUE.

Often recognized as one of the safest criterions as to earnings. Thompson
Lumber Co. et al. v. Ill. Cent. R. R. Co. et al. 657.

CAR SERVICE RULES.

Distribution of cars. Ruttle et al. v. P. M. R. R. Co. 179.

Observed by carriers and shippers. Coomes & McGraw v. C., M. & St. P. Ry.
Co. et al. 192.

Relative privileges of storage at St. Paul or Minneapolis and Duluth. Com-
mercial Club of Duluth v. Nor. Pac. Ry. Co. et al. 288.

1

CAR SHORTAGE.

The occupation, the user, and the consequent reduction of the available
equipment of the carrier are the vital matters in all plans of car distribution in
times of shortage. Royal Coal & Coke Co. v. So. Ry. Co. 440.

Deficiency of equipment of defendant for four or five years. Ruttle et al. t.
P. M. R. R. Co. et al. 179.

Distribution of importance only during periods of shortage. Traer v. C. & A.
R. R. Co. et al. 451.

Of September, 1906.

England & Co. v. B. & O. R. R. Co. 614.
MacMurray et al. v. U. P. R. R. Co. 531.

Wagner, Zagelmeyer & Co. v. Det. & Mac. Ry. Co. et al. 160.

CARS OFF LINE.

By concurrence, carriers obligate themselves to furnish cars for through
shipments. Memphis Freight Bureau v. Ft. S. & W. R. R. Co. et al. 1.

Carrier may send equipment from its line for the things that are essential
for its own operation. Traer v. C. & A. R. R. Co. et al. 451.

Custom for carrier having long haul to supply cars for through shipments.
Chicago & Milwaukee Electric R. R. v. Ill. Cent. R. R. Co. et al. 20.

Usual for carriers to do what they can to keep control of their own equip
ment. Ruttle et al. v. P. M. R. R..Co. 179.

CARTAGE.

To coal yard not on line of carrier. Leonard v. K. C. S. Ry. Co. et al. 573.

CATTLE.

Rates on.

Cattle Raisers' Assn. of Texas v. M., K. & T. Ry. Co. et al. 418.

Morti v. C., M. & St. P. Ry. Co. 513.

CEMENT.

Rates on. Lincoln Commercial Club v. C., R. I. & P. Ry Co. et al. 319.

CIRCUMSTANCES AND CONDITIONS.

The Commission views with disfavor the maintenance of a lower rate for a
longer haul than for a shorter one included within the longer, and the circum-
stances and conditions obtaining at the more distant point which are relied upon
to justify it must not only be clearly shown to be substantially dissimilar from
those prevailing at the nearer point, but also to clearly exercise a potent or con-
trolling influence in making the lower rate. Bovaird Supply Co. v. A., T. & S. F.
Ry. Co. et al. 56.

Dissimilar circumstances which justify under section 4 a greater charge for a
shorter than for a longer haul will also prevent such rate from constituting an
illegal preference or advantage under section 3. Id.