verting to the former,-'Impassioned' Force, of the utmost intensity,'Thorough Stress,' Pitch varying from 'Low' to 'High,' and reverting to the former, Movement' varying from 'Slow' to 'Rapid,' reverting to 'Slow' and again to 'Rapid,' and closing with 'Slow,'-Pauses varying with the rate of 'Movement,' Emphasis and ' Expression' of the deepest and fiercest character.

'So farewell hope; and with hope, farewell fear,
Farewell remorse: all good to me is lost;
Evil, be thou my good; by thee at least
Divided empire with heaven's king I hold,

By thee; and more than half perhaps will reign,
As man ere long, and this new world shall know.'

THE DYING CHRISTIAN.-Pope.

Awe.

'Gently Aspirated Pectoral Quality,' 'Suppressed Force,' 'Median Stress,' 'Lowest Pitch,' 'Monotone,' 'Slowest Movement,' Long Pauses, 'Expression' intensely earnest but subdued.

'Vital spark of heavenly flame,

Longing.

'Pure Tone,' Earnest but 'Subdued' Force,'' Vanishing Stress,' 'High' Pitch, Plaintive 'Semitone,' 'Slow Movement,' Long Pauses, 'Expression' as before.

'Quit, oh! quit this mortal frame!

Fear.

'Aspirated Quality,' 'Suppressed' Force, Tremulous 'Stress,' 'High' Pitch, 'Semitone,' 'Slowest Movement,' Very long pause preceding and following, 'Expression' soft but extremely vivid.

Trembling,

Joy.

'Pure Tone,' 'Impassioned' Force, 'Median Stress,' 'Highest' Pitch, ' Falling Inflection,' Lively Movement,' Intense 'Expression.'

hoping,
Languor.

'Pure Tone,' 'Subdued' Force, 'Median Stress,' 'High' Pitch, 'Semitone,''Slowest Movement,' Feeble and Plaintive 'Expression.'

lingering,

Ardour.

'Aspirated Orotund,' 'Impassioned' Force, 'Thorough Stress,' 'Middle' Pitch, 'Falling Inflection,' 'Rapid Movement,' Vivid 'Expression.'

Anguish.

flying,

*Aspirated Orotund,' 'Impassioned' Force, 'Median Stress,' 'Highest, Pitch, Plaintive Double Inflection,* 'Slowest Movement,' Intense 'Expression.'

Oh! the pain,

Rapture.

*Pure Orotund Quality,' Intense 'Impassioned' Force, 'Radical Stress,' 'High' Pitch, 'Falling Inflection' of the 'Fifth,' 'Lively Movement,' Vivid 'Expression.'

the bliss of dying!

Entreaty.

Slightly 'Aspirated Quality,' Earnest but Subdued' Force, 'Tremulous 'Stress,' High' Pitch, 'Falling Inflection' of ' Semitone' and 'Minor Third,' 'Slow' Movement, Feeble Emphasis, Long Pauses, Plaintive and languid 'Expression.'

Cease, fond Nature, cease thy strife,
And let me languish into life!

Extreme Earnestness.

'Half-whisper, 'Suppressed' Force, 'Explosive Radical Stress,' 'High' Pitch, Prevalent 'Falling Inflection,' 'Animated Movement,' Earnest Emphasis,' Brief Pauses, Intense 'Expression.'

Hark! they whisper-angels say,
"Sister spirit, come away.”—

Awe and Astonishment.

"Aspirated Pectoral Quality,' 'Suppressed' Force, 'Explosive Radical Stress,' ''Low' Pitch gradually descending to 'Lowest,' 'Poetic Inflec

*Falling Circumflex,' or 'Direct Wave with 'Minor Third.' The former designation is presented for the convenience of students of Walker's system. The latter is the more exact and the true scientific distinction, as in the analysis of Dr. Rush.

tion' of Upward Second,' 'Slowest Movement,' Exhausted Emphasis, Long Pauses, Expression' suppressed.

What is this absorbs me quite ?

Steals my senses, shuts my sight,
Drowns my spirits, draws my breath?—
Tell me, my soul, can this be - death?

Wonder.

'Aspirated Orotund,' Intense 'Impassioned' Force, 'Explosive Radical Stress,' 'High' Pitch, 'Falling Inflection,' 'Rapid Movement,' Brief Pauses, Intense Emphasis and 'Expression.'

'The world recedes! it disappears!

Rapture, Exultation, and Triumph.

'Pure Orotund Quality,' 'Impassioned' Force, approaching to Shouting, 'Thorough Stress,' 'High' Pitch, Prevalent 'Falling Inflection' of the 'Fifth,' 'Movement' 'Rapid' and constantly accelerating in the first three of the following lines, then retarded by the full and prolonged swell of triumph, in the last two lines,-Pauses corresponding to the rate of 'Movement,' Emphasis intense, 'Expression' ecstatic.

Heaven opens to mine eyes!-mine ears
With sounds seraphic ring!

Lend, lend your wings!-I mount! I fly!
O grave! where is thy victory?

O death! where is thy sting?'*

THE ENTERPRISE OF THE PILGRIM FATHERS OF NEW ENGLAND.Edward Everett.

Didactic Sentiment.

'Pure Orotund Quality,' 'Moderate' Force, Unimpassioned 'Radical Stress,' 'Middle' Pitch, Varied 'Inflection,'-'Moderate' 'Movement,' Pauses, and Emphasis,- Expression' rising from moderate to animated.

'As in private character, adversity is often requisite to give a proper direction and temper to strong qualities; so the

*The above example was selected intentionally, as an impressive lesson on the extent to which lyric poetry,—and, particularly, sacred lyrics,— carry the variation of vocal expression. The hymn quoted is the highest flight of the human soul, in this form; and the utterance is necessarily carried to ecstasy, in its effect,-if the spirit of the poetry is thrown into the voice.

noblest traits of national character, even under the freest and most independent of hereditary governments, are commonly to be sought in the ranks of a protesting minority, or of a dissenting sect. Never was this truth more clearly illustrated than in the settlement of New England.

'Could a common calculation of policy have dictated the terms of that settlement, no doubt our foundations would have been laid beneath the royal smile. Convoys and navies would have been solicited to waft our fathers to the coast; armies, to defend the infant communities; and the flattering patronage of princes and lords, to espouse their interests in the councils of the mother country.

Oratorical Sentiment.

'Pure Orotund Quality,' 'Declamatory' Force, 'Thorough Stress' of moderate energy, 'Middle' Pitch,- Varied 'Inflection,' but prevalent 'Downward Slide' of the 'Fifth' and 'Third,'-Moderate' 'Movement' and Pauses, Energetic Emphasis, Vivid 'Expression.'

'Happy, that our fathers enjoyed no such patronage; happy, that they fell into no such protecting hands; happy, that our foundations were silently and deeply cast in quiet insignificance, beneath a charter of banishment, persecution, and contempt; so that when the royal arm was at length outstretched against us, instead of a submissive child, tied down by former graces, it found a youthful giant in the land, born amidst hardships, and nourished on the rocks, indebted for no favours, and owing no duty. From the dark portals of the star-chamber, and in the stern text of the acts of uniformity, the pilgrims received a commission, more efficient, than any that ever bore the royal seal. Their banishment to Holland was fortunate; the decline of their little company in the strange land, was fortunate; the difficulties which they experienced in getting the royal consent to banish themselves to this wilderness, were fortunate; all the tears and heart breakings of that ever memorable parting at Delfthaven, had the happiest influence on the rising destinies of New England. All this purified the ranks of the settlers. These rough touches of

fortune brushed off the light, uncertain, selfish spirits. They made it a grave, solemn, self-denying expedition, and required of those who engaged in it, to be so too. They cast a broad shadow of thought and seriousness over the cause;* and if this sometimes deepened into melancholy and bitterness, can we find no apology for such a human weakness?

Pathetic Description.

'Pure Orotund Quality,' 'Subdued' Force, 'Median Stress,' 'Low' Pitch, Prevalent 'Falling Inflection' of 'Minor Third,' 'Slow Movement,' Long Pauses, Softened Emphasis, Grave and plaintive 'Expression.' 'It is sad indeed to reflect on the disasters, which the little band of pilgrims encountered. Sad to see a portion of them, the prey of unrelenting cupidity, treacherously embarked in an unsound, unseaworthy ship, which they are soon obliged to abandon, and crowd themselves into one vessel; one hundred persons, besides the ship's company, in a vessel of one hundred and sixty tons. One is touched at the story of the long, cold, and weary autumnal passage; of the landing on the inhospitable rocks at this dismal season; where they are deserted before long by the ship, which had brought them, and which seemed their only hold upon the world of fellow-men, a prey to the elements and to want, and fearfully ignorant of the numbers, the power, and the temper of the savage tribes, that filled the unexplored continent, upon whose verge they had ventured.

Energetic Declamation.

"Orotund Quality,' 'Declamatory' Force, Moderate 'Thorough Stress,' 'Middle' Pitch, Prevalent 'Falling Inflection,' 'Moderate' 'Movement' and Pauses, Energetic Emphasis, Strong 'Expression.' 'But all this wrought together for good. These trials of wandering and exile, of the ocean, the winter, the wilderness, and the savage foe, were the final assurance of success. was these that put far away from our fathers' cause, all patri

It

* Here the expression varies suddenly to the style of subdued and gentle appeal.