ELECTRIC TRANSMISSION OF ENERGY, AND ITS TRANSFORMATION, SUBDIVISION, AND DISTRIBUTION. A PRACTICAL HANDBOOK. BY GISBERT KAPP, C.E., Associate Member of the Institution of Civil Engineers, LONDON: WHITTAKER & CO., 2, WHITE HART STREET, EORGE BELL & SONS, YORK STREET, COVENT GARDEN. 1886. [The right of translation is reserved.] WITH the discovery of the electro-dynamic principle made independently by Varley, Siemens, and Wheatstone in 1866, the era of heavy electrical engineering may be said to have commenced. But its progress was at first very slow. It was fully twelve years later until, thanks to the International Exhibition in Paris, the Gramme dynamo became extensively known; and the greatest development in dynamo machines has only taken place within the last few years. The machines which could be seen at the Electrical Exhibition in Paris in 1881 were all more or less of the character of scientific apparatus. They could hardly be called substantial mechanical appliances; and English engineers were quick in perceiving that to make dynamos of real practical value considerable improvements of a purely mechanical nature were necessary. Since then a good deal of honest and valuable work has been done in this direction, notwithstanding the disastrous speculations of Electric Light Companies some years ago, and we possess now dynamos which in point of efficiency can hardly be further improved. But there is still room for improvement as |