. . . . . . . 163 . . . . 35. A BRILLIANT GEOGRAPHICAL CONTRAST. Ruskin 39. THE PLANTING OF THE APPLE TREE Bryant 54. A Dutch GOVERNOR. (Part I.) Irving 55. A Dutch GOVERNOR. (Part II.) My First Geological Excursion Geikie . . . . . 70. SHAKESPEARE ON GOOD ELOCUTION 71. WASHINGTON'S SWORD AND FRANKLIN'S STAFF. J. Q. Adams 73. VETERANS OF THE BATTLE OF BUNKER Hill. Webster 76. ADDRESS OF SERGEANT BUZFUZ 77. THE CROSSIG, OF THE RUBICON . 78. SUPPOSED SPEECH OF JOHN ADAMS 79. PITT IN REPLY TỎ HORATIO WALPOLE 81. THE SPIRIT OF LIBERTY IN THE AMERICAN 82. CHARACTER OF LORD CHATKAKL. 83. OSSIAN'S ADDRESS TO THE SÚN 85. SPARTACUS TO THE GLADIATORS . 88. MRS. CauDLE'S VIEWS ON MASONRY 89. SPEECH AGAINST THE AMERICAN WAR 90. AN APPEAL TO ARMS. (Part 1.) 91. AN APPEAL TO ARMS. (Part II.) 94. EMMET'S LAST SPEECH. (Part I.) 95. EMMET'S LAST SPEECH. (Part II.) II. - POETICAL SELECTIONS. . . . . 100. THE HEIGHT OF THE RIDICULOUS 105. THE EVE BEFORE WATERLOO . 106. THE BLIND MEN AND THE ELEPHANT. 116. WILLIAM TELL TO HIS NATIVE MOUNTAINS 117. THE GRAVES OF A HOUSEHOLD 119. FALSE DEFERENCE TO WEALTH 121. THE BARON'S LAST BANQUETE 123. A VISIT FROM ST. NICHOLAS : 126. THE COUNTRYMAN AND THE LAWYER NOTE. — By special arrangement with Messrs. Houghton, Mifflin, & Co., the INTRODUCTION. I.-OUTLINES OF ELOCUTION. Elocution (from Latin e,“ out,” and loqui, locutus, “ to speak”) is the art of uttering sentences, either in speaking or reading, with all the agreeableness, feeling, force, and effect of which their meaning is susceptible. Good reading depends on the proper use of the following ELEMENTS OF VOCAL EXPRESSION. I. FORCE AND STRESS. IV. INFLECTIONS, or SLIDES. II. TIME. V. QUALITY III. PITCH. VI. EMPHASIS (union of ele ments). Good reading presupposes also correct PRONUNCIATION; in which term are included articulation, syllabication, and accent. Articulation has been copiously treated in the previous numbers of this series. Syllabication and accent are best learned by reference to the dictionary. I. FORCE AND STRESS. Force of voice is the degree of loudness or softness used in vocal utterance. The three principal degrees of force are : 1. Medium; 2. Soft; 3. Loud. I. By another mode of naming, the degrees of force are classed as : 1. effusive (as in ordinary conversation); 2. expulsive (with considerable effort); and, 3. explosive (with great effort). II. The varying degree of force may be more minutely denoted by borrowing from the language of music. In the following table the ordinary and the technical names of the degrees of force are set forth in connection with the thoughts and sentiments to the expression of which these degrees of force are applicable. Pupils will understand that the Italian names used mean, respectively: piano, soft; pianissimo, very soft; mezzo forte, moderate (literally, middling loud); forte, loud; fortissimo, very loud. Rule. - In the application of force, we must first decide, by an inspection of the general character of the piece, what is the normal degree of force to be used. Applying this degree to words that are not emphatic, |
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