GATAKER, Charles, son of the preceding, and a writer on controversial divinity, born in 1614, died in 1680.

GATES, Sir Thomas, one of the first governors of the colony of Virginia, about 1609, and again, on returning from England, in 1611; he died in the East-Indies.

GASCOIGNE, Sir William, chief justice of the King's Bench in the reign of Henry IV was born in 1350. How much he distinguished himself in his high office appears from the several abstracts of his opinions, arguments, distinctions, and decisions which occur in our old books of law reports; but he is said to have distinguished himself above his brethren by a most memorable GATES, Horatio, a major general, and a distransaction in the latter end of the king's reign. tinguished officer of the American army during A servant of the prince of Wales, afterwards the revolution. He was a major in the British Henry V., being arraigned for felony at the bar service, at the defeat of general Braddock; at of the King's Bench, the news soon reached his the declaration of independence, he was made master's ears, who, hastening to the court, or-adjutant general, afterwards commander of the dered him to be unfettered, and offered to rescue northern army, to which general Burgoyne surhim; in which, being opposed by the judge, who rendered in 1777; in 1780, he was appointed commanded him to leave the prisoner and de- commander of the southern army; after the war part, he rushed furiously up to the bench, and, he returned to his farm, from which he removed as it is generally affirmed, struck the chief justice to New-York, where he died in 1806. then sitting in the execution of his office. Hereupon Sir William, after some expostulation upon the outrage, indignity, and unwarrantable interruption of the proceedings in that place, directly committed him to the king's bench prison, there to wait his father's pleasure. The prince submitted to his punishment with a calmness no less sudden and surprising than the offence had been which drew it upon him; and the king, being informed of the whole affair, was so far from being displeased with the justice, that he returned thanks to God, "That he had given him both a judge who knew how to administer, and a son who could obey justice." The prince also, who had for some time led a dissolute life, was entirely reformed thereby, and afterwards became with the title of Henry V., that renowned king who conquered France. Sir William died in 1413.

GATIMOSIN, the last of the Mexican kings. He was cruelly tortured in a fiery ordeal by Cortez, and three years after was hanged in his capital in 1526.

GAUBIL, Anthony, a French missionary in China, where he resided 30 years; he died in 1759.

GAUBIUS, Jerome David, a native of Heidelberg, professor of medicine, and lecturer on botany and chymistry, died in 1780.

GAUD, Henry, a painter and engraver, of Utrecht, died in 1639.

GAUDEN, John, bishop of Worcester born in 1605, celebrated for his zeal in the cause of the unfortunate king Charles, and reputed (though falsely) the author of "Eikon Basilike," died in 1662.

GAUDENTIO, a painter, of Milan, born about

1480.

GASCOIGNE, George, a celebrated poet in the early part of the reign of queen Elizabeth, was bred to the law, but became a soldier, and served with credit in the wars of the Low Coun-line, Greek professor, died in 1648. tries. He was author of four dramatic pieces, and several poems; the most remarkable of which was a satire called "The Steel Glass;" he died in 1577. His works were most collected in 1587.

GAUDENTIUS, St., a bishop of Brescia, he wrote sermons, letters, &c., and died in 427. GAUDENZIO, Paganin, a native of Valte

GASPARINI, a celebrated granımarian, born in 1370, died in 1431. He is deservedly recorded as one of the first restorers of good Latin in Italy. GASSENDI, Peter, a very eminent French philosophical, moral, and mathematical writer, born in 1592, died at Paris, in 1655.

GASSION, John de, a native of Pau, marshal of France, eminently distinguished for his valour in war, fell at the siege of Lens, in 1647.

GAULI, Giovanni Baptista, a painter, of Ge noa, died at Rome, in 1709.

GAULMIN, Gilbert, a French writer of some celebrity, died in 1665.

GAUPP, John, a native of Lindau, educated at Jena, was an able mathematician; he died in 1738.

GAURICO, Luca, an Italian professor of astronomy, at Ferrara, died in 1558.

GAUSSEM, Jane Catharine, a celebrated actress, retired from the theatre from motives of religion; she died at Paris, in 1767.

GAUSHIER, Jean Baptiste, a French abbe, he wrote a "Tract against Pope's Essay on Man," and died of a fall in 1755...

GAST, John, a native of Dublin, he published some works of merit, for which the university GAVANTS, Bartholomew, a Barnabite monk, of Dublin honoured him with a degree of D. D.author of some works; died at Milan, in 1638. without the usual expenses; he died in 1788, GAVESTON, Peter, a favourite of Edward GASTALDI, John Baptiste, a native of Siste-II., was proud, overbearing. and cruel; he was ron, an eminent physician, died in 1747. beheaded in 1312. GASTAUD, Francis, an ecclesiatic of Aix, GAY, John, an English poet, born in 1688. he insulted the bishop of Marseilles in his writ-His amiable qualities recommended him to the ings, and was denied the honours of sepulture; he died in 1732.

GASTON of France, John Baptist, duke of Orleans, was son of Henry IV., and brother of Lewis XIII.; he died in 1660.

GASTON DE FOIX, duke of Nemours, early distinguished himself in the army in Italy; he fell in battle in 1512.

GASTRELL, Francis, bishop of Chester, and a controversial writer, born in 1662, died in 1725. GATAKER, Thomas, an English divine, and critical and theological writer, born in London, in 1574, died in 1654.

acquaintance of Swift and Pope, who were exceedingly struck with the open sincerity, the undisguised simplicity of his manners, and the easiness of his temper. In 1712 he produced his celebrated poem, called "Trivia, or, the Art of walking the Streets;" and the following year, at the instance of Pope, formed the plan of his "Pastorals." The "Shepherd's Week" came out in 1714, with a dedication to Lord Bolingbroke. Gay was soon after introduced at court, and for several years experienced the usual vicissitudes of favour and of mortification incident to such a life. His opinions of a court

He

friendship are pretty plainly intimated in his ployed himself many years in a new translation "Beggar's Opera;" which, being brought upon of the Bible; owing, however, to various causes, the stage in 1727, was received with greater it was left unfinished; only the first twelve applause than had ever been known on any occa-books of the Old Testament being printed. sion, being acted in London 63 days without inter- GEDOYN, Nicolas, a French writer. ruption, and renewed the next season with amaz-studied at Paris, was a jesuit 10 years; he wrote ing success. He wrote several other plays of no some ingenious essays, and died in 1744. great celebrity; but what will always distinguish him as a poet are his "Fables," which will be read and admired so long as any taste for that kind of writing shall exist. He died in 1732, and was buried in Westminister Abbey. GAY, Ebenezer, D. D., minister of Hingham, Mass.: he published several sermons, and died in 1787.

GAYOT DE PITAVAL, Francis, a French author, born at Lyons, was unfortunate in all his pursuits; he died in 1743.

GEE, John, a distinguished minister in Boston, died in 1748.

GEER, Charles de, a native of Sweden, much respected as a man of science, and benefactor of the poor; he died in 1778.

GEIÑOZ, Francis, a learned Swiss abbe, author of some valuable dissertations on Ancient Medals; he died in 1752.

GEJER, Martin, a native of Leipsic, and professor of Hebrew, died in 1681.

GELASIUS the Elder, bishop of Cæsarea, in

GAZA, Theodore, a very eminent gramma-Palestine, in the 4th century. rian, and translator of Greek writings, born at GELASIUS of Cyzicus, bishop of Cæsarea, Thessalonica, in Greece, in 1398, died in 1478. in 476. GAZALI, or ABON HAMED MOHAMMED GELASIUS I., bishop of Rome after Felix II., ZEIN EDDİN AL THOUSI, a mussulman doc-in 492, some of his works are extant; he died tor, died at Khorassan, in 1112.

GAZET, William, a native of Arras, and an ecclesiastic; he wrote a Chronological History, and died in 1612.

GAZOLA, Joseph, a physician, of Verona, died in 1715.

GAZON DOURXIGNE, S. M. M., a native of Quimper, a famous critic, died in 1784. GAZZOLI, Benozzo, an Italian painter, died

in 1478.

in 496.

GELASIUS II., a Campanian by birth, raised to the pontificate in 1118, died in 1119. GELDENHAUR, Gerard Eobanus, a German, well skilled in poetry, died in 1542.

GELDER, Arnold de, a Dutch painter, of Dort, died in 1727.

GELDORP, Gualdorp, a painter, of Louvain, excelled in portraits and history; he died in 1668.

GELEE, Claude, commonly called Claude of Lorraine. See CLAUDE.

GELENIUS, Sigismund, a learned man, born at Prague. His disregard for honours was very uncommon; he died at Basil, in 1555.

GEBELIN, Anthony Court de, celebrated as author of "Le Monde Primitif compare a Monde Moderne," born in 1727, died in 1784. When the plan of his great work, "Le Monde Primitif," made its appearance, M. d'Alembert was so struck with it, that he asked with enthusiasm, GELLERT, Christian Fauchtegott, a German "si c'etoit une societe de 40 hommes qui etoit comic poet, born in Misnia, in 1715, died in 1769. charges de l'executer?" The French academy|| GELLI, John Baptist, an eminent Italian comwere so well satisfied with the undertaking, that ic poet, born at Florence, in 1498, died in 1563. they twice decreed to him the prize of 1200 livres, GELLIBERAND, Henry, an eminent mathewhich they give annually to the author of thematician, and professor of astronomy at Gresham most valuable work that has appeared in the College, born in London, in 1597, died in 1636. course of the year. GELLIUS, Aulus, a celebrated grammarian, GEBER, John an Arabian physician of the who lived in the 2d century, under Marcus Au9th century. His works contain much know-relius and some succeeding emperors, and is ledge. now known by his "Noctes Atticæ," a collecGED, William, an ingenious artist, memora-tion of observations on authors, which he gatherble for a new invention in the art of printing.ed up from reading or conversation, and put From any types of Greek or Roman, or any together for the use of his children. He called other character, he formed a plate for every them "Noctes Atticæ," because they were compage or sheet of a book from which he printed, posed in the evenings of a winter which he spent instead of using a type for every letter, as is done at Athens. The chief value of it is, that it has in the common way. This scheme has recently, preserved many facts and monuments of antithrough the ingenuity and perseverance of Earl quity, which are not to be found elsewhere. Stanhope, and Mr. Andrew Wilson, arrived at a high degree of practical perfection. On the 29th May 1810, Mr. Wilson was honoured with the gold medal, by the Society of Arts, for his exertions in Stereotype printing. Mr. Ged died

in 1749.

GELON, king of Syracuse, in 484. B. C., was universally respected by his subjects.

GEMELLI-CARRERI, Francis, an Itallan writer, author of an interesting account of a voyage round the world, between 1693 and 1698. GEMIGNAGNO, Ovinentio de St., a Tuscan painter, died in 1530.

GEMIGNANO, Giacinto, a painter, born at

GEDALIA, a famous rabbi, who died in 1448. GEDDES, Michael, a learned divine, received the degree of LL D., from the university of Ox-Pistoie, died in 1681. ford; he died in 1715.

GEDDES, James, born in Scotland, in 1710, died in 1748-9, leaving behind him "An Essay on the Composition and Manner of Writing of the Ancients, particularly Plato," which has great merit.

GEMINIANI, Francisco, a fine performer on the violin, and composer for that instrument, born at Lucca, in Italy, about 1680, died in 1762.

GEMISTUS, George, he lived to above the age of 100, distinguished for his learning and virtues.

GEDDES, Dr. Alexander, a man of very pro- GEMMA, Reinier, a Dutch physician, of Docfound research in biblical literature, was bornkum, was also an astronomer and mathematiin 1737, and died near London, in 1802. Dr. cian; he died in 1555.

Geddes was a Roman Catholic, and had em- GENDRE, Lewis le, a French historian,

wrote a history of France, from the commence ment of the monarchy to the death of Lewis XIII., manners and customs of the French, &c., and died in 1733.

GENDRE, Gilbert Charles le, marquis of St. Aubin, died at Paris, in 1746.

GENDRE, Nicholas le, a French sculptor, died at Paris, in 1670.

GENDRE, Lewis le, a deputy in the national convention, died in 1797

GENEBRARD, Gilbert, a Benedictine monk, born at Riom, died in 1597.

GENESIUS, Josephus, one of the Byzantine historians, flourished in 940.

GENEST, Charles Claude, a French poet, and author of tragedies, died in 1719.

GENET, Francis, bishop of Vaison, born at Avignon, in 1640, is known for the Theology of Grenoble.

GENGA, Gerome, an Italian painter and architect, died in 1551.

GENGA, Bartholomew; son of the preceding, an eminent architect, died in 1558

who adorned the ceilings o. Creenwich and York house, England, where he died

GENTILESCHI, Artemisia, daughter of the preceding, eminent as a historical painter. GENTILIS, Scipio, a native of Ancona, professor of civil law, died in 1616.

GENTILIS, John Valentine, was condemned to lose his head at Berne, for the violence of his religious opinions, in 1567.

GENTILIS, Alberico, a native of Ancona, and professor of law, at Oxford, died in 1608. GENTILLET, Valentine, a native of Dauphine, and syndic of the city of Geneva, lived about 1578.

GENTLEMAN, Francis, an actor and dramatic writer, born in Ireland, 1728, died 1784. He was author of eleven dramatic pieces; and of "The Dramatic Censor."

GEOFFREY, of Monmouth. See JEFFERY. GEOFFROI, Stephen Francis, a French physician, who wrote a Materia Medica, died in 1731 GEORGE, St., the patron of England, supposed to have suffered in the reign of Dioclesian. GEORGE of Trebizond, a native of Candia, and secretary to pope Nicolas V., published several works, and died in 1484.

GEORGE the Cappadocian, Arian bishop of Alexandria; was assassinated, in consequence of his oppression, in 361.

GENGIS-KHAN, or ZINGIS KHAN, a most illustrious Mogul prince, who being obliged to fly from Delhi, on account of a general revolt of his subjects, took shelter at the court of Aventi khan, Cham of the Tartars, and married his daughter; but the jealousy of Aventi obliged him to escape a second time, and being pursued GEORGE, surnamed Amira, a learned Maby Avent and his son, he defeated them both; ronite, who published a grammar of the Syriac and, their army revolting to him, he soon in-and Chaldee; he died in 1641. creased it. From this event he became as re- GEORGE, duke of Clarence, brother of Ednowned a conqueror as Alexander the Great. Inward IV., of England, condemned to death for the space of 28 years he subdued the greater conspiring against his brother, in 1478. part of Asia, and rendered himself as famous for GEORGE, prince of Servia, died in consehis skill in government, as for the valour of hisquence of a wound received in 1457, in a battle arms. He was born in 1163, and died in 1227, against the Hungarians. leaving his dominions (which extended 1800 leagues from east to west, and 1000 from north to south,) properly divided to his four sons. GENNADIUS, a patriarch of Constantinople, after Anatolius, in 458, died in 471.

GENNADIUS, an ecclesiastical writer of Marseilles, died 493. There are two works of his remaining: "De Dogmatibus Ecclesiasticis," and "De Illustribus Ecclesiæ Scriptoribus." GENNADIUS, a patriarch of Constantinople, wrote the Christian faith in Greek, Latin, and Turkish; he died in a monastery, in 1460. GENNARI, Benedetto, a painter, of Bologna, was patronised by Lewis XIV., Charles II., &c., and died in 1715.

GEORGE LEWIS I., son of Ernest Augustus, of Brunswick, called to the throne of England on the death of queen Anne, in 1714.

GEORGE AUGUSTUS II., son of the preceding, succeeded to the throne, in 1727. His reign was more splendid than useful.

GEORGE III., king of Great Britain and Ireland, succeeded his grandfather George II., on the throne, in 1760. His reign was of 60 years duration, and was rendered prominent by the loss of the American colonies, by the acquisition of India, and by long and sanguinary wars, with the different powers of Europe. During the latter part of his reign, the kingdom was governed by a regency, in consequence of his men

GENNARI, Cæsare, son of the preceding, atal derangement. He died in 1820. painter, was eminent in historical pieces; he died in 1688.

GENNARO, Joseph Aurelius, a native of Naples, was a respectable author; he died in 1762.

GENOELS, Abraham, a painter, of Antwerp, born in 1640.

GENOVESI, Anthony, celebrated as a lecturer in philosophy, died in 1769.

GENSERIĆ, king of the Vandals, a conqueror and tyrant, who captured Rome in 435, and suffered his soldiers during 14 days to pillage it, and massacre the defenceless inhabitants; he died in 477.

GERARD, Tom, or Tung, was the institutor and first grand master of the knights hospitalers of Jerusalem, afterwards of Malta; he died in 1120.

GERARD, Balthazar, the assassin of William ||I., prince of Orange, whom he shot through the head with a pistol as he was going out of his palace at Delft. His sentence was the same as that of Damien; and this fanatic died, in his own conceit, a martyr of the church of Rome, 1584. GERARD, John, a learned protestant divine, of Quedlimburg, died in 1638.

GERARD, John, a native of Jena, professor and rector of the university, author of several GENSONNE, Armand, an advocate of Bour-works, died in 1668. His son, John Ernest, died deaux, was guillotined in 1793. professor of divinity at Geissen, in 1707. GENTILE, Ludovico, a painter, of Brussels. GERARD, John, a native of England, emiHis portrait of Alexander VII. is admired; henent as a botanist, published a work on plants, died in 1670.

GENTILIS DE FOLIGNO, a physician, and an author, died in 1348.

GENTILESCHI, Horatio, an Italian painter,

and died in 1607.

GERARD, Dr. Alexander, professor of divinity in the university of Aberdeen, and author of several esteemed works, died in 1795.

GERARD, Gilbert, was for many years pas- GERVAISE, Nicholas, missionary to Siam, tor of the English church at Amsterdam, and af-and afterwards to Guiana, where he was murterwards professor of Greek in King's college,dered by the natives, in 1729.

and of divinity in the university of Aberdeen. GESNER, Conrad, an eminent physician and He died in 1815. natural philosopher, called the Pliny of GerGERARDI, Christofaro, an excellent land-many, born at Zurich, in 1516, died 1565. scape painter, of Florence, died in 1556.

GERARDI, Mark, an eminent painter, of Bruges, patronised by queen Elizabeth, died in

1635.

GESNER, Solomon, bookseller at Zurich, in Switzerland, and author of many elegant and admired poems, in the German language, born in 1730, was for several years before his death a member of the senate of his native city. He

GERBAIS, John, a doctor of the Sorbonne. who wrote in support of the liberties of the Gal-was an admirable landscape painter as well as a lican church, died in 1699.

GERBELIUS, Nicholaus, an eminent German lawyer, born at Pforzeim, died in 1560.

poet. Of his writings, the best known in England is "The Death of Abel." He died in 1788. GESNER, John Matthew, a German, much GERBERON, Gabriel, a French ecclesiastic, known as the author of some valuable editions who wrote on the Jansenist controversy, and of the classics; he died at Gottingen, in 1761. was imprisoned for it; he died in prison, in 1711. GESNER, John James, professor in the uniGERBIER, Sir Balthazar, a celebrated pain-versity at Zurich, published some works, and ter, of Antwerp, born in 1592, died in 1661. died in 1787.

GERBILLON, John Francis, a jesuit missionary in China, much respected by the emperor, for whom he wrote elements of geometry; he died in 1707.

GESNER, Solomon, a native of Silesia, became divinity professor at Wittemberg; he wrote several works, and died in 1605.

GETA, Septimius, brother of Caracalla, by

in 1700.

GERDES, Daniel, a native of Bremen, pro-whom he was slain through jealousy, A. D. 212. fessor of divinity at Duisburg, died in 1765. GETHIN, lady Grace, an English lady, wife GERDIL, Hyacinth Sigismond, a native of of sir Richard Gethin, distinguished for her taPiedmont, professor of philosophy at Macerata,lents; her works were published after her death, and tutor to the prince royal of Sardinia, was made a cardinal in 1777. He died at Rome, in 1802. His writings are chiefly on religious and philosophical subjects. GERHARD, Ephraim, professor of law at Altdorf, died in 1718.

GERLACH, Stephen, a native of Swabia, and chaplain to the embassy to Constantinople; he wrote ecclesiastical history, &c., and died in 1512.

GERMAIN, Thomas, a native of Paris, eminent as a goldsmith, died in 1748.

GETHING, Richard, an Englishman, distinguished for his penmanship; settled in London about 1616.

GEUSS, John Michael, of Holstein, professo) of mathematics at Copenhagen, and an author, died in 1786.

GEVARTIUS, John Gasper, an eminent critic, and author of several works, died at Antwerp, in 1666.

GHELEN, or GELENIUS, Sigismund.
GELENIUS.

Sec

GHEZZI, Peter Leone, a painter, knighted by Francis I., duke of Parma, died in 1755.

GERMANICUS, Cæsar, son of Drusus, and paternal nephew to the emperor Tiberius, who adopted him: he was a renowned general, but GHILINI, Jerome, an Italian writer, born at still more illustrious for his virtues. He took the Milan, in 1589, lived to be 80 years old, and was title of Germanicus from his conquests in that the author of several works; the most considercountry; and, though he had the moderation to able of which is his "Theatre of Learned Men." refuse the empire offered to him by his army, GHIRLANDAIO, or GHIRLANDENI, DoTiberius, jealous of his success, and of the uni-menico, a Florentine painter, born in 1449, died versal esteem he acquired, caused him to be poisoned, A. D. 29, aged 34. He was a protector of learning, and composed several Greek comedies and Latin poems, some of which are still extant.

GERMANIO, Anastasio, a native of Piedmont, and bishop of Tarentasia, died in 1627. GERMANUS, bishop of Cyzicum, made patriarch of Constantinople, and was degraded for supporting image worship; he died in 740.

GERMYN, Simon, a Dutch painter, of Dort, whose landscapes are admired, died in 1719.

GERRY, Elbridge, a native of Massachusetts, was a member of congress in 1776, and a signer of the declaration of independence; minister to France, with Mr. Marshall and Mr. Pinkney; governor of the state of Massachusetts, and afterwards vice-president of the United States. He died at Washington, in 1814.

1493.

GHISOLFI, Giovanni, a painter of Milan, died in 1683. His perspective views are much admired.

GIAFAR, or SADEK the Just, a Mussulman doctor, who wrote a book on prophecies, &c., died at Medina, in 764.

GIAHEDH, or LARGE EYED, the head of the Motazales, a sect who united religion and philosophy.

GIANNONI, Peter, an esteemed historian, born at Naples, in 1680, died 1748.

GIARDINI, Felix, an eminent performer on the violin, and a composer of music, was born at Piedmont. In 1750 he went to England, where he met with great encouragement, and had a joint interest in the opera. He died in Russia, 1793.

GIBBON, Edward, an eminent historian, born GERSON, John, an illustrious French theolo-at Putney, in 1737. In 1774, Mr. Gibbon was gical and critical writer, born in 1363, died 1429. elected to a seat in parliament, which he vacatGERSTEN, Christian Lewis, mathematical ed in 1780; in the course of which period, howprofessor at Giessen, was imprisoned 12 years ever, he was some time a lord of trade. His cefor writ ng an offensive letter to his sovereign; lebrated "History of the Decline and Fall of the he was author of several works, and died in 1762. Roman Empire," will probably last as long as GERVAIS, Arinand Francis, a Carmelite ec- the language in which it is written. It abounds clesiastic, was confined for writing against the in proofs of unexampled learning, of a mind peBernardines; he died in prison, in 1741. Inetrating and sagacious, and of talents for ridi

GIFANIUS, Hubertus, or Obertus, a critic and civilian, died at Prague, in 1604.

GIFFORD, Dr. Andrew, an eminent English dissenting divine and antiquary, born in 1700, died 1784. He was assistant librarian at the British Museum; to which post he was remarkably em-suited, having a peculiar talent for receiving and communicating knowledge. As a minister of the Gospel, he was lively and evangelical; he was master of the pathetic, and persuasion dwelt on his lips; his heart was in the work; and, upon some occasions particularly, it might have been said of him, as was said of one of the blessed reformers: "Vividus vultus, vividi oculi, vividæ manus, denique omnia vivida."