ESPIOTTE without being suspected, and giving intelligence of discoveries made. Espiotte (es'pi-ot), n. A species of rye. Espirituell, a. Spiritual; heavenly. Chau cer. Esplanade (es-plan-ād'), n. [Fr., from the old verb esplaner, to make level, from L. explanare-ex, and planus, plain, level.] 1. In fort. the glacis of the counterscarp, or the sloping of the parapet of the covered way toward the country; the open space between the glacis of a citadel and the first houses of the town.-2. Any open level space near a town, especially a kind of terrace along the sea-side, for public walks or drives.-3. In hort. a grass-plat. Esplees (es-plēz'), n. pl. [Law Fr. esples, expleits; L. L. expletiæ, from L. expleo, expletum, to fill up.] In law, the products of land, as the hay of meadows, herbage of pasture, corn of arable lands, rents, services, &c. Espousage + (es-pouz'āj), n. Espousal. Lati mer. Espousal (es-pouz'al), a. [See next art.] Used in, or relating to, the act of espousing or betrothing. The ambassador put his leg... between the espousal sheets. Espousal (es - pouz'al), n. Bacon. [O. Fr. espou sailles, L. sponsalia, espousals, pl. n. of sponsalis, relating to betrothal.] 1. The act of espousing or betrothing; formal contract or celebration of marriage: frequently used in the plural. I remember thee, the kindness of thy youth, the love of thine espousals. Jer. ii. 2. 2. Adoption; protection. "The open espousal of his cause. Orford. Espouse (es-pouz), v. t. pret. & pp. espoused; ppr. espousing. [O. Fr. espouser (Fr. épouser), from L. sponsare, to betroth, to espouse, freq. of spondeo, sponsum, to promise solemnly, to engage or pledge one's self.] 1. To give as spouse or in marriage; to betroth; to promise, engage, or bestow in marriage, by contract in writing or by some pledge; to unite intimately or indissolubly; as, the king espoused his daughter to a foreign prince. When as his mother Mary was espoused to Joseph.' Mat. i. 18. I have espoused you to one husband, that I may present you as a chaste virgin to Christ. 2 Cor. xi. 2. If her sire approves Let him espouse her to the peer she loves. Pope. 2. To take in marriage or as a spouse; to marry; to wed. Lavinia will I make my empress, And in the sacred Pantheon her espouse. Shak. 3. To make one's self a participator in; to become a partisan in; to take to one's self, or make one's own; to embrace; to adopt; as, to espouse the quarrel of another; to espouse a cause. Men espouse the well-endowed opinions in fashion, and then seek arguments either to make good their beauty, or varnish over their deformity. Locke. Espousement (es-pouz'ment), n. Act of espousing. Espouser (es-pouz'èr), n. 1. One who espouses. Wooers and espousers.' Bp. Gauden.-2. One who defends or maintains, as a cause. The espousers of that unauthorized and detestable scheme.' Allen. Espressivo (es-pres-se'võ), adv. [It.] In music, with ardent expression. Espringal, Espringald (es-pring'gal, espring'gald), n. An ancient military engine for throwing stones. Esprit (es-pre), n. [Fr.] Spirit.- Esprit de corps, a phrase frequently used by English writers to signify an attachment to the class or body of which one is a member; the spirit of the body or society; the common spirit or disposition formed by men in association. Ispy (es-pi), v.t. pret. & pp. espied; ppr. espying. [O. Fr. espier; Fr. épier; It. spiare. See SPY.] 1. To see at a distance; to have the first sight of a thing remote; as, seamen espy land as they approach it.-2. To see or discover something intended to be hid, or in a degree concealed and not very visible; to discover, as if unexpectedly or unintentionally; as, to espy a man in a crowd or a thief in a wood. As one of them opened his sack, money. 196 He sends angels to espy us in all our ways. Fer. Taylor. SYN. To discern, discover, find out, descry, see, perceive. Espy (es-pi'), v.i. To look narrowly; to look about; to watch; to spy. Stand by the way and espy. Jer. xlviii. 19. Espyt (es-pi'), n. A spy; a scout. 'A troublesome espy upon him.' Swift. Esquimaux, n. See ESKIMO. Esquire (es-kwir'), n. [0. Fr. escuyer; Fr. écuyer; It. scudiere, an armour-bearer to a knight, an esquire; L. scutarius, a shieldmaker, a soldier armed with a scutum, from L. scutum, a shield, which, like Gr. skytos, a hide, is derived from a root sku, to cover, to protect, occurring in Skr. and seen in other words, such as L. cutis, the skin, E. hide.] Properly, a shield-bearer or armourbearer; an attendant on a knight; hence in modern times, a title of dignity next in degree below a knight. In England, this title is properly given to the younger sons of noblemen, to officers of the king's courts and of the household, to counsellors at law, justices of the peace while in commission, sheriffs, gentlemen who have held commissions in the army and navy, &c. It is usually given to all professional and literary men. Nowadays, in the addresses of letters, esquire may be put as a complimentary adjunct to almost any person's name. her. the helmet of an esquire is represented sideways, with the visor closed. Esquire (es-kwir'), v.t. pret. & pp. esquired; ppr. esquiring. To attend; to wait on: a colloquial expression of the last century, applied when a gentleman attended a lady in public. Todd. In Esquisse (es-kes'), n. [Fr] In the fine arts, the first sketch of a picture or model of a statue. -Ess (es). A feminine suffix representing the L.-ix, introduced into the English language by the Normans, and in a great measure displacing the suffix -estre, -istre, -ster. Essay (es-sa), v.t. [Fr. essayer; It. assaggiare, to taste, to try, to attempt, from sag giare. See ASSAY.] 1. To try; to attempt; to endeavour; to exert one's power or faculties, or to make an effort to perform anything. While I this unexampled task essay. Blackmore. It gave. 2. To make experiment of.-3. To test the value and purity of metals. The standard of our mint being now settled, the rules and methods of essaying suited to it should remain unvariable. Locke. [In this last application the word is now written Assay (which see).] Essay (es'sa; formerly es-sa), n. 1. A trial; attempt; endeavour; an effort made, or exertion of body or mind, for the performance of anything.-2. In literature, a composition intended to prove some particular point or illustrate a particular subject, usually shorter and less methodical and finished than a systematic or formal treatise; a short disquisition on a subject of taste, philosophy, or common life; as, an essay on the life and writings of Homer; an essay on fossils; an essay on commerce. To write just treatises, requireth leisure in the writer, and leisure in the reader, . . . which is the cause that hath made me choose to write certain brief notes set down rather significantly than curiously, which I have called Essays. The word is late but the thing is ancient. 3. A trial or experiment; a test. Bacon. I hope, for my brother's justification, he wrote this but as an essay or taste of my virtue. Shak. 4. An assay or test of the qualities of a metal. SYN. Attempt, trial, endeavour, effort, treatise, tract, paper, dissertation, disquisition. Essayer, n. 1. (es-sā'èr). One who essays or attempts to do something; one who makes trial. 2. (es'sa-ér). One who writes essays; an essayist. Essayers upon friendship.' Addison. [Rare.] Essayist (es'să-ist), n. A writer of an essay or of essays. Essed (es'sed), n. [L. essedum, from the Celtic.] A two-wheeled war-chariot, first used by the ancient Britons and Gauls. Essence (es'sens), n. [Fr., from L. essentia from esse, to be.] 1. In metaph. that which constitutes the particular nature of a being or substance, or of a genus, and which distinguishes it from all others. Locke makes a distinction between nominal essence and real essence. The nominal essence, for example, of gold, is the abstract idea' ex he espied his Gen. xlii. 27. 3. To inspect narrowly; to examine and make discoveries; to examine and keep watch upon. Moses... sent me... to espy out the land, and I brought him word again. Josh. xiv. 7. ESSERA pressed by gold; the real essence is the con stitution of its insensible parts, on which its properties depend, which is unknown to us Whatever makes a thing to be what it is, as pra perly called its essence. Self-consciousness, ther fore, is the essence of the mind, because it is of self-consciousness that the mind is the must Forne a man is himself. The essence of God bears no relation to place E. D. lnfe 2. Existence; the quality of being I could have resign'd my very essence. Sadwey 3. A being; an existent person. Heavenly essences. Milton.-4. Species of being Here be four of you, as differing as the far ele ments; and yet you are friends: as for Eupols, because he is temperate and without passava, he say be the fifth essence. Bacon 5. Constituent substance. Uncompounded is their essence pure. Afirm 6. The predominant elements or principles of any plant or drug extracted, refined, or rectified from grosser matter; an extract; as, the essence of coffee; the essence of mint 7. Perfume; odour; scent; or the volatile matter constituting perfume. Nor let th' imprisoned essences exhale. Page 8. The distinctive features or characteris tics; the most important or fundamental doctrines, facts, ideas, or conclusions; as, the newspaper gave the essence of the lecture. book, &c. Essence (es'sens), v.t. To perfume; to scent 'Painted for sight and essenced for the smell Pope. Essence d'Orient (as-säns dō-ryafi), n. [Fr. the essence of the water of pearls.] A sule stance of a pearly appearance found at the base of the scales of the bleak, used to line the interior of glass bubbles in the manufacture of artificial pearls. Essenes (es-senz), n. pl. (Gr. Essenoi L Esseni. The origin of the word is doubtful I Among the Jews, a sect remarkable for their strictness and abstinence. Essenism (es'sen-izm), n. The doctrines, Essential (es-sen'shal), a. [L.L. essentialis, principles, or practices of the Essenes. from L. essentia, essence. See ESSENCE] 1. Necessary to the constitution or existenc of a thing; constituting an individual, a genus, or a class of objects, what they really are; as, figure and extension are essential properties of bodies. And if each system in gradation roll, It is eminently improbable that we shall ever be able to ascertain the essential nature of mind. Brongizm. 2. Important in the highest degree; indispensable. Judgment is more essential to a general than courage. Denham In every venerable precedent they pass by what is essential and take only what is accidental Macaulay 3. Volatile; diffusible; as, essential oils. His utmost ire, to the height enraged, 2. Fundamental or constituent principle; distinguishing characteristic; as, the essen tials of religion. In what regards poetry I should just as soon expect a sound judgment of its essentials from a boatrist or a waggoner as from the usual set of persons we meet in society. The plague of sin has altered his nature, and caten into his very essentials. Essentiality, Essentialness (es-sen ́shial"i-ti, es-sen'shal-nes), n. The quality of being essential. Essentially (es-sen'shal-li), adv. 1 By the constitution of nature; in essence, as, u inerals and plants are essentially different 2. In an important degree; in effect, fundamentally; as, the two statements differ, but not essentially Essentiate (es-sen'shi-at), ri To become of the same essence. B. Jonson Essentiate (es-sen'shi-at), vt pret & pp essentiated; ppr. essentiating. To form or constitute the essence or being of Boyle Essera (es'se-ra), n. In med a species of cutaneous eruption, consisting of smal reddish tubercles over the whole body, ESSOIGN panted by a troublesome itching. It is to be a variety of lichen or urticaria. Den Essoign, Essoin (es-soin'), n. [O. Fr. essoine, ger, priv. and soun, Fr. soin, care; r of doubtful origin] 1. In law, the 4ng of an excuse for him who is sumLand to appear in court and answer and b neglects to appear at the day. The en day, the first general return day of aru on which the court sat to receive tris, seems to be done away with by the effect of the statutes 11 Geo. IV., 1 Wm. IV. ixx, and 1 Wm. IV. iii. In old Scots law it is written Essonzie −2 † Excuse; exemption. Spenser - 3 One that is excused for nonappearance in court at the day appointed. Easoin (es-soin'), a. In law, allowed for the appearance of suitors; an epithet applied to the first three days of a term, now abolished. SESSIGN Essoin (es-soin'), v.t In law, to allow an ea use for non-appearance in court; to excuse for absence Exaotner (es-soin'èr), n. In law, one who essons, an attorney who sufficiently excuses the absence of another. Essonite (es'son-it), n. Cinnamon-stone. Ser under ĈINNAMON, Essorant (es'so-rant), a. [Fr. essor, the soarang of birds ] In her. a term applied to a bird standing with its wings half open as if preparing to take flight. Establish (es-tab'lish), v.t [0. Fr. establir ir etablar), from L. stabilio, to make firm, to establish, from sta, root of sto, to stand.] 1 To make steadfast, firm, or stable; to settle on a firm or permanent basis-either to originate and settle, or to settle what is already orinated; to set or fix unalterably. Hence such meanings as-2 To institute and ratify to enact or decree authoritatively and for permanence; to ordain. I will exta Nish my covenant with him for an everLasting covenant. Gen. xvii. 19. To confirm or ratify what has previously been instituted, settled, or ordained; to fix what is wavering, doubtful, or weak; to strengthen; to confirm. Ik we then make void the law through faith? By no means; yea, we establish the law. Rom. iii. 31. So were the churches established in the faith. Acts xvi. 5. For they... going about to establish their own rottenciess, bave not submitted themselves to the tenuess of God. Rom. x. 3. 4 To originate and secure the permanent existence of; to found permanently; to inst.tate or settle, as, to establish a colony or an empire-5 To set up in connection with 1. state and endow, as, to establish a church. To place in a secure or favourable position, to make safe against harm, loss, defeat, and the like; to set up in business: often with reflexive pronoun; as, to establish a person in his privileges or possessions; the father established his son as a merchant; the my established themselves in the citadel. To prove legally; to cause to be recognized as legal and valid; to cause to be accepted; as, to establish a marriage; to establish a case; to establish a theory.-8. To fuini, to make good; to carry out. O king, establish the decree. 2 To settle, as property. Dan. vi. 8. Shak. We will estaNish our estate upon Our chiest, Malcolm. Establisher (es-tab'lish-ér), n. One who establishes ordains, or confirms. Establishment (es-tablish-ment), n. [O. Fr. establissement, from establir. See ESTABLISH 1. The act of establishing.-2. State of being established; settlement; fixed state; confirmation; ratification of what has been settled or made. All happy peace, and goodly government, Is ett. there in sure establishment. Spenser. We set up our hopes and establishment here. Wake. 3. Settled regulation: form; ordinance; system of laws; constitution of government. Bring in that establishment by which all men should he contained in duty. Spenser. 4 Fixed or stated allowance for subsistence; income; salary. Hexcelency... might gradually lessen your 5 A permanent civil or military force or organization such as a fixed garrison or a local government, as, the king has establishments to support in the four quarters of the globe 6 That form of doctrine and church government established and endowed by the legislature in any country.- 197 7. The place where a person is settled either for residence or for transacting business; a person's residence and everything connected -with it, such as furniture, servants, carriages, grounds, &c.; an institution, whether public or private.-8. The quota or number of men in an army, regiment, &c.; as, a peace establishment. Establishment of the port, a term used by writers on the tides to denote the interval between the time of high water at any given port and the time of the moon's transit immediately preceding the time of high water when the moon is in syzygy, that is, at the new or full moon. This interval is influenced by local circumstances, and consequently different at different places. Establishmentarian (es-tab'lish-ment-a"ri-an), a. Pertaining to or connected with an established church, or the doctrines of establishment in religion. Establishmentarian (es-tab'lish-ment-a"ri-an), n. One who supports the doctrine of establishment in religion, or some particular established church. Establishmentarianism (es-tab'lish-menta"ri-an-izm), n. The doctrine or principle of establishment in religion; support of an established church. Establishmentarianism, all the more grateful for its 'linked sweetness long drawn out,' was, however, wont, no doubt, to roll over the prelatial tongue as the most savoury of polysyllables. Fitzedward Hall. Estacade (es-ta-kád'), n. [Fr.; Sp. estacada, a paling, a palisado, from Sp. and Pg. estaca, It stacca, a stake; from a Teut. root seen in A. Sax staca; D. staak; L.G. and E. stake. See STAKE.] A palisade; a stockade; a dike set with piles in the sea, a river, or morass, to check the approach of an enemy. Estafet, Estafette (es-ta-fet), n. [Fr. estafette, from It. staffetta, a courier, from staffa, a stirrup, from O.H. G. stapho. Akin E. step.] A military courier; an express of any kind. Estaminet (as-ta-mi-ná), n. [Fr.] A coffeehouse where smoking is allowed; a tap-room. Frequenters of billiard-rooms and estaminets, patrons of foreign races and gaming-tables. Thackeray. Estancia (es-tan'thi-a), n. [Sp.] Mansion; dwelling. In America, landed property. Estanciero (es-tan-thi-er'ō), n. [Sp.] Farmbailiff; overseer of a domain. Estat, n. [0. Fr.] State; condition. Chaucer. Estate (es-tat), n. [O. Fr. estat, Fr. état, from L. status, a standing, circumstances, state, from sto, statum, to stand.] 1. Fixed or established condition; special form of exist ence. I gin to be aweary of the sun, And wish the estate o' the world were now undone. Shak. 2. Condition or circumstances of any person or thing; state; situation: now most commonly state of a person as regards external circumstances. Ransom nature from her inaidable estate.' Shak. 'Whose life in low estate began. Tennyson. She cast us headlong from our high estate. Dryden. 3. Rank; quality. And was, according to his estate, royally entertained.' Shak. Who hath not heard of the greatness of your estate! Sir P. Sidney. 4. In law, the interest or quantity of interest a man has in lands, tenements, or other effects. Estates are real or personal. Real estate comprises lands, tenements, and hereditaments, held or enjoyed for an estate of freehold. Personal estate comprises interests for terms of years in lands, tene ments, and hereditaments, and property of every other description. Real estate descends to heirs; personal to executors or administrators. All real estates not being of copyhold tenure, or what are called customary freeholds, are either of freehold or less than freehold; of the latter kind are estates for years, at will, and by sufferance. Estates are also divided into legal, equitable, and customary.-5. Fortune; possessions; property in general; as, he is a man of a great estate: often property left at a man's death; as, at his death his estate was of the value of half a million; the trustees proceeded to realize the estate.-6. A piece of landed property a definite portion of land in the ownership of some one; as, there is more wood on his estate than on mine. But that old man, now lord of the broad estate and the Hall, Dropt off gorged from a scheme that had left us flaccid and drain'd. Tennyson. 7. State in the sense of body politic; com'The monwealth; public; public interest. true greatness of kingdoms and estates and the means thereof.' Bacon. ESTIMABLE 1 call matters of estate not only the parts of sovereignty, but whatever introduceth any great alteration, or dangerous precedent, or concerneth manifestly any great portion of people. Bacon. 8. An order or class of men constituting a state. Mark v. 21. In Great Britain the estates of the realm are the lords spiritual, the lords temporal, and the commons. When the crowned Northman consulted on the welfare of his kingdom he assembled the estates of his realm. Now, an estate is a class of the nation invested with political rights. There appeared the estate of the clergy, of the barons, of other classes. In the Scandinavian kingdom to this day the estate of the peasants sends its representatives to the diet. Disraeli. 9. † Person of high rank. 3. To establish. I will estate your daughter in what I Estatelich, a. Stately. Beau. & FI "Estatelich of [Fr. estimer, L. æstimare, from same root as Skr. esha, a wish, G. heischen, to desire.] 1. To set a value on, whether high or low; to estimate; to value. Then he forsook God which made him, and lightly esteemed the rock of his salvation. Deut. xxxii. 15. They that despise me shall be lightly esteemed. 1 Sam. ii. 30. One man esteemeth one day above another; another esteemeth every day alike. Rom. xiv. 5. 2. To prize; to set a high value on; to regard with reverence, respect, or friendship; as, we esteem the industrious, the generous, the brave, the virtuous, and the learned. Will he esteem thy riches? Job xxxvi. 19. 3. To compare in value; to estimate the relative worth of. Besides, those single forms she doth esteem, And in her balance doth their values try. Sir F. Davies. SYN. To regard, estimate, prize, value, respect, revere. Esteem (es-tem'), v.i. To consider as to value; to form an estimate. We ourselves esteem not of that obedience, or love, Milton. or gift. Esteem (es-tem'), n. 1. Estimation; opinion or judgment of merit or demerit; as, this man is of no worth in my esteem.-2. High value or estimation; great regard; favourable opinion, founded on supposed worth. 'Prisoners of esteem.' Shak. Both those poets lived in much esteem with good and holy men in orders. Dryden. Worthy of 3. Valuation; price. 'The full esteem in gold.' J. Webster.-Estimate, Esteem, E8timation. See under ESTIMATE. Esteemable (es-tēm'a-bl), a. esteem; estimable. Homer allows their characters esteemable qualities. Pope. One who esteems; Esteemer (es-tēm'èr), n. one who sets a high value on anything. A proud esteemer of his own parts.' Locke. Esther (est'êr), n. [Per., the planet Venus ] The name of one of the books of Scripture, and of the heroine of the book. The book is held to have been written late in the reign of Xerxes or early in that of his son Artaxerxes Longimanus, and is supposed by some to be the composition of Mordecai himself, the uncle of the heroine. Esthesiometer (es-the'si-om"et-ér),n. Same as Esthesiometer (which see). Esthetic, Estheticism, Esthetics (es-thet'ik, és-thet'i-sizm, es-thet'-iks), &c. See EsTHETIC, ESTHETICISM, ÆSTHETICS, &c. Estiferous (es-tif'ér-us), a. [L. æstus, heat, and fero, to bear.] Producing heat. Estimable (es'tim-a-bl), a. 1. That is capable of being estimated or valued; as, estimable damage.-2.† Valuable; worth a great price. A pound of man's flesh, taken from a man. Shak. 3. Worthy of esteem or respect; deserving our good opinion or regard. See Estimate (es'tim-at), v. t. pret. & pp. estimated; ppr. estimating. [L. æstimo. ESTEEM.] To form a judgment or opinion regarding: especially applied to value, size, weight, degree, extent, quantity, &c.; to rate by judgment, opinion, or a rough calculation; to fix the worth of; to compute; to calculate; to reckon; as, to estimate the value of a piece of cloth, the extent of a piece of land, the worth of a friend, the merits or talents of two different men, or profits, loss, and damage.-SYN. To calculate, compute, reckon, rate, appraise, esteem, value. Estimate (es'tim-at), n. A valuing or rating in the mind; an approximate judgment or opinion as to value, degree, extent, quantity, &c.; a value determined by judgment, where exactness is not sought or is not attainable. 'Shrewd, keen, practical estimates of men and things.' W. Black.-Estimate, Esteem, Estimation. Estimate supposes an exercise of the judgment in determining the amount, value, importance, or magnitude of things, and is especially used of relations that may be expressed numerically; esteem is a moral sentiment made up of respect and attachment; it is the result of the mental process of reckoning up the merits or useful qualities of an individual, and is the opinion of an individual arrived at by such process; estimation, properly the act of appraising or valuing, is used generally in the sense of esteem, though sometimes in that of estimate. Outward actions can never give a just estimate of us. Addison. Esteem is the harvest of a whole life spent in usefulness. Sala. Dear as freedom is, and in my heart's Just estimation prized above all price. Cowper. If a man shall sanctify to the Lord some part of a field in his possession, then thy estimation shall be according to the seed." Lev. xxvii. 16. Estimation (es-tim-a'shon), n. [L. æstimatio, from æstimo. See ESTEEM.] 1. The act of estimating.-2. Calculation; computation; an opinion or judgment of the worth, extent, or quantity of anything formed without using precise data; as, estimation of distance, magnitude, or amount, of moral qualities, &c. 'If the scale do turn but in the estimation of a hair.' Shak.-3. Esteem; regard; favourable opinion; honour. I shall have estimation among the multitude, and honour with the elders. Wisdom viii. 10, 4. Conjecture; supposition. Shak. I speak not this in estimation As what I think might be, but what I know Is ruminated, plotted, and set down. -Estimate, Esteem, Estimation. See under ESTIMATE. SYN. Calculation, computation, estimate, appraisement, esteem, honour, regard. Estimative (es'tim-at-iv), a. 1. Having the power of comparing and adjusting the worth or preference. We find in animals an estimative or judicial faculty. Hale. 2. Imaginative. [Rare.] Estimator (es'tim-at-ér), n. One who estimates or values. Estivage, Estive (es-te-väsh, es-tev), n. [Fr., from estiver, to pack; L. stipare, to cram.] A mode of stowing or trimming vessels by pressing or screwing the cargo into the vessel by means of a capstan machinery, practised in American and Mediterranean ports. Estival (es-tiv'al), a. [L. aestivus, from cestas, summer.] Pertaining to summer, or continuing for the summer. Beside vernal, estival, and autumnal,... the ancients had also hyemal garlands. Sir T. Browne. Estivate (es'tiv-at), v.i. [L. æstivo, aestivatum, to spend the summer, from aestivus, pertaining to summer, from cestas, summer.] To pass the summer. Estivation, Estivation (es-tiv-a'shon), n. [L. aestivatio, from astas, summer, æstivo, to pass the summer.] 1. The act of passing the summer. On the under story, toward the garden, let it be turned into a grotto, or place of shade or estivation. Bacon. 1 Involute, 2 Revolute, 3 Obvolute, 4 Convolute, 5 Supervolute, 6 Induplicate, 7 Conduplicate, 8 Plaited, 9 Imbricated, 10 and 20 Equitant, 11 Valvate, 12 Circinate, 13 Twisted, 14 Alternative, 15 Vexillary, 16 Cochlear, 17 Quincunx, 18 Contorted, 19 Curvative, 20 Equitant Estivation. to the manner in which the petals are arranged, involute, revolute, &c. Estoct (as-tok), n. [Fr., borrowed from the Estoile, Etoile (as-toil', Estoile. Estoilee, Cross Estoilee (as-toil'e, kros as-toil'ē), n. [O.Fr.] In her. a star with only four long rays in the form of a cross, broad in the centre, and terminating in sharp points. Estop (es-top), v. t. pret. & pp. estopped; ppr. estopping. [O. Fr. estoper, Fr. étouper, to stop with tow, from L. stupa, stuppa, tow.] In law, to impede or bar by one's own act. A man shall always be estopped by his own deed, or not permitted to aver or prove anything in contradiction to what he has once solemnly avowed. Blackstone. Estoppel (es-top'el), n. In law, a stop; a plea in bar, grounded on a man's own act or deed, which estops or precludes him from averring anything to the contrary. If a tenant for years levies a fine to another person, it shall work as an estoppel to the cognizor. Blackstone. Estotiland (es-tot'i-land), n. An imaginary tract of land near the Arctic Circle in North America, said to have been discovered by John Scalve, a Pole. 'The snow from cold Estotiland. Milton. Estoufade (es-tö-fäd), n. [Fr. étouffade, from étouffer, O. Fr.estoufer, to choke, to suffocate.] A mode of stewing meat slowly in a closed vessel.-Veau à l'estoufade, stewed veal. Estovers (es-to'vèrz), n. pl. [0. Fr. estoveir, estovoir, to be needful.] In law, necessaries or supplies; a reasonable allowance out of lands or goods for the use of a tenant, such as sustenance of a felon in prison, and for his family during his imprisonment; alimony for a woman divorced, out of her husband's estate. Compare BOTE. Common of estovers is the liberty of taking the necessary wood for the use or furniture of a house or farm from another's tate. Estrade (esträd), n. [Fr.] An elevated part of the floor of a room; an even or level place; a public room. es ESTRICH estradiots sometimes fought on foot as well as on horseback. Accompanied with crosse-bowe men on horsebaran estradiots, and footmen. Comines, by Dand Estramaçon (es-tram-a-son), n. [Fr.] 1 A sort of dagger used in the middle ages 2. A pass with a sword. Estrange (es-tranj), v. t. pret. & pp.estranged. ppr. estranging. [O. Fr. estranger, from LL extraneus, foreign, strange, alien, from L extra, without; Fr.étranger, étrange, foreign, strange. See STRANGE] 1. To keep at a distance; to withdraw; to cease to frequent and be familiar with: often with the reflexive pronoun. Had we estranged ourselves from them in things indifferent. Hooker. I thus estrange my person from her bed. Dryin 2. To alienate; to divert from its original use or possessor; to apply to a purpose foreign from its original or customary one They have estranged this place and burn incense in it unto other gods. Jer xx. 3. To alienate, as the affections; to turn from kindness to indifference or malevo lence. I do not know, to this hour, what it is that has estranged him from me. Ppt 4. To withdraw; to withhold. We must estrange our belief from what is not clearly evidenced. Glante The Estrangedness (es-tranj'ed-nes), n. state of being estranged. Estrangement (es-tranj'ment), n. The act of estranging or state of being estranged. alienation; a keeping at a distance; removal voluntary abstraction; as, an estrangement of affection. Desires, ... by a long estrangement from better things, come at length perfectly to loath and Sy ca from them. South Estranger (es-tranj'ér), n. One who e Estranglet (es-trang'gl), v.t. To strangle. Estrapade (es-tra-pad'), n. [Fr.: It strap Estrayt (es-tra'), v.i. [0. Fr. estrayer, e traier, to wander, to ramble; a word for which two origins have been proposed. See STRAY.] To stray; to rove; to wander. See STRAY. This nymph one day, surcharg'd with love and grief Estrays apart and leaves her company. Daniel Estray (es-tra), n. A tame beast, as a horse, ox, or sheep, which is found wandering or without an owner; a beast supposed to have strayed from the power or inclosure of its owner. It is usually written Stray. Then the sombre village crier, Estre, n. [0. Fr. estre, state, place, from Estreat (es-tret'), v.t. In law, (a) to extract or copy from records of a court of law, as a forfeited recognizance, and return to the court of exchequer for prosecution. (b) To levy fines under an estreat. They (the poor) seem to have a title, as well by justice as by charity, to the amerciaments that are estreated upon trespasses against their lord. Buyit Estremenian (es-tre-me'ni-an), a. In geog belonging or relating to Estremadura, in Spain. Estremenian (es-tre-me'ni-an), n. In geng ESTUANCE A! „duned like estridges, that with the wind 1901. ake eagles having newly bathed. Shak. 2 The fine soft down which lies immediately under the feathers of the ostrich Estuance (es'tu-ans), n. [L astus, heat.] Heat, warmth. Regulated estuance from Wine Sir T Browne. Estuarian, Estuarine (es-tu-a'ri-an, es'tüarin), a. Of or pertaining to an estuary; formed in an estuary. Estuary (estu-a-ri), n. [L. œstuarium, from ato, to boil or foam, æstus, heat, fury, storm, tide] 1 A place where water boils Boyle -2 An arm of the sea; a frith or firth; a narrow passage, or the mouth of a river or lake, where the tide meets the current, or flows and ebbs. Estuary (es'tù-a-ri), a. Belonging to or formed in an estuary; as, estuary strata. Estuatet (es tü-ât), vi. [L. æstuo, to boil.] I bol: to swell and rage; to be agitated. Estuation (es-tù a'shon), n. A boiling; aztation, commotion of a fluid; hence, vioEslent mental commotion; excitement. rsations of joys and fears.' Mountague. Esture (estür), n. [L. æstuo, to boil] Violence, commotion. The seas retain their outrageous esture there. Спартан. Esurient (e-sû'ri-ent), a. [L. esuriens, esurentis, pp of esurio, to be hungry, desiderative from edo, to eat.] Inclined to eat, hungry Esurient (e-sü'ri-ent), n. A hungry or greedy person An insatiable esurient after riches. A. Wood, Esurinet (e'sû-rin), a. Eating; corroding. ther much piercing is the air of Hampstead, in which wort of air there is always something esurine Wiseman. an 1 acid. Esurinet (e'sü-rín), n. In med. a drug which promotes appetite or causes hunger. Eterio, Eterio (e-te'ri-ô), n. In bot. a collection of distinct indehiscent carpels, either dry upon a fleshy receptacle as the strawberry, or dry upon a dry receptacle as the ranunculus, or fleshy upon a dry receptacle as the raspberry, the parts being small drupes of Étagère (a-ta-zhar), n. [Fr., from étager, to elevate by stories or stages, from étage, a story] A piece of domestic furniture supplied with several shelves one above another, as a side-board, a what-not, &c. Etanin (et'a-nin), n. [Ar.] The star the constellation Draco, interesting as being the star by the observation of which Bradley was led to the discovery of the aberration of the fixed stars. Etat-major (a-ta ma-zhor), n. [Fr.] Milit. the staff of an army or regiment. STAFF See Et cætera (et set'è-ra) (L. et, and, cætera, the other things.] And others of the like kind, and so forth, and so on: generally used when a number of individuals of a class have been specified, to indicate that more of the same sort might have been mentioned, but for shortness have been omitted; as, stimulants comprise brandy, rum, whiskey, wine, beer, et cætera. Written also Etcatera, Etcetera, and contracted &c. It is sometimes treated as a noun, forming the plural with I have by me an elaborate treatise on the aposiopess called an et cætera, Addison. (It is indeed the selfsame case With those that swore et ceteras. Hudibras. Etch (ech), n. (See EDDISH.] 1. Ground from which a crop has been taken.-2. Eddish. Etch (ech), v. [From D. etsen, G. ätzen, to corrode by acids, to etch; lit. to bite into; OHG ezan, to eat. See EAT.] 1. To produre, as figures or designs, upon a plate of steel, copper, glass, or the like, by means of lines or markings drawn through a coating or varnish covering the plate and corroded or bitten in by some strong acid, which can only affect the plate where the varnish has been removed. The word, as now used by engravers, generally means simply to draw through the ground with the etching needle the lines forming the shading. Either the plate or the design may be said to be etched. 2 To sketch; to delineate. 199 The by means of lines drawn through a kind of varnish by a pointed instrument and corroded by an acid.-2. The impression taken from an etched plate. See ETCH, v.t. Etching-ground (ech'ing-ground), n. varnish or coating with which plates to be etched are covered. Etching-needle (ech'ing-nē-dl), n. An instrument of steel with a fine point, for tracing outlines, &c., in etching. Eteostic (et-e-os'tik), n. [Gr. eteos, true, and stichos, a verse.] A chronogrammatical composition; a phrase or piece, the initial letters in which form a date; a chronogram. Eterminablet (e-tér'mi-na-bl), a. Without end; intermmable. Skelton. Etern, Eternet (é-térn'), a. Eternal; perpetual; endless. Eterne Apollo.' Keats. Eternal (e-tèrn'al), a. [Fr. éternel; L. æternus, æviternus, from ævum, Gr. aion, a space or period of time, uninterrupted never-ending time, an age, and suffix ternus, seen in sempiternus, diuturnus,&c., probably meaning continuance. See AGE.] 1. Without beginning or end of existence. The eternal God is thy refuge. Deut. xxxiii. 27. 2. Without beginning of existence. To know whether there is any real being, whose duration has been eternal. Locke. 3. Without end of existence or duration; everlasting; endless; immortal; as, eternal happiness in a future life; eternal fame. He there does now enjoy eternal rest. Spenser. nal life? 4. Perpetual; ceaseless; continued without intermission. And fires eternal in thy temple shine. Dryden. 5. Unchangeable; existing at all times without change; as, eternal truth.-Eternal, Everlasting. Eternal generally implies without beginning or end. Everlasting, although used in Scripture with the same sense, is now restricted to that which is without end. SYN. Everlasting, endless, infinite, ceaseless, perpetual, interminable. Eternal (e-térn'al), n. 1. (With the def. art.) An appellation of God. The law whereby the Eternal himself doth work.' Hooker.2. That which is everlasting. 'All godlike passion for eternals quenched.' Young3. Eternity. Since eternal is at hand to swallow time's ambitions. Young. Eternalist (e-tèrn'al-ist), n. One who holds the past existence of the world to be infinite. Eternalize (e-têrn'al-iz), v.t. pret. & pp. eternalized; ppr. eternalizing. To make eternal; to give endless duration to; to eternize. Eternally (e-térn'al-li), adv. 1. Without beginning or end of duration; without beginning or without end only.-2. Unchangeably; invariably; at all times. That which is morally good must be eternally and unchangeably so. South. 3. Perpetually; without intermission; at all times. Where western gales eternally reside. Addison. Eterne. See ETERN. Eternifyt (e-térn'i-fi), v.t. pret. & pp. eternified; ppr. eternifying. To make eternal; to immortalize. This said, her winged shoes to her feet she tied, Formed all of gold, and all eternified. Chapman. Eternity (e-têrn'i-ti), n. [L. æternitas.] 1. The condition or quality of being eternal; duration or continuance without beginning or end. By repeating the idea of any length of duration, with the endless addition of number, we come by the idea of eternity. Locke. 2. The whole of time past; endless past time; endless future time; the state or condition which begins at death. Dwight. At death we enter on eternity. Eternization (e-tér'niz-à"shon), n. The act of eternizing; the act of rendering immortal or enduringly famous. Eternize (e-térn'iz), v. t. pret. & pp. eternized; ppr. eternizing. [Fr. éterniser, from L. æternus. See ETERNAL.] 1. To make eternal or endless.-2. To prolong the existence or duration of indefinitely; to perpetuate. To eternize woe.' Milton.-3. To make for ever famous; to immortalize; as, to eternize a name; to eternize exploits. Both of them are set on fire by the great actions of heroes, and both endeavour to eternize them. Dryden. ETHIC [L Etesian (e-tē'zi-an or ē-tē'zhi-an), a. etesius; Gr. etèsios, annual, from etos, a year.] Recurring every year; blowing at stated times of the year; periodical: especially applied by Greek and Roman writers to the periodical winds in the Mediterranean. Ethal (e'thal), n. [From the first syllables of ether and alcohol.] A substance separated from spermaceti by Chevreul. It is a solid, fusible at nearly the same point as spermaceti, and on cooling crystallizes in plates. It is susceptible of union with various bases, with which it forms salts or soaps. In point of composition it resembles ether and alcohol. Ethet (eth), a. Easy. 'Thence the passage ethe. Spenser. Ethelt (e'thel), a. [A. Sax. æthel. See ATHELING.] Noble. Etheling (eth'el-ing), n. An Anglo-Saxon nobleman. There were four orders of men among the ancient Saxons: the Etheling or Noble, the Freeman, the Bosworth. Freedman, and the Servile. Ether (e'ther), n. [L. æther; Gr. aither, from aitho, to light up, to kindle, to burn or blaze. Cog. L. æstas, æstus, Etna, Skr. indh, to set on fire; iddhas, bright.] 1. In astron and physics, a hypothetical medium of extreme tenuity and elasticity supposed to be diffused throughout all space (as well as among the molecules of which solid bodies are composed), and to be the medium of the transmission of light and heat. There fields of light and liquid ether flow. Dryden. 2. In chem. a very light, volatile, and inflammable fluid, produced by the replacement of the hydrogen of organic acids by alcohol radicles. It is lighter than alcohol, of a strong sweet smell, susceptible of great expansion, and has a pungent taste. A mixture of vapour of ether with atmospheric air is extremely explosive. Its formula is (CH3)2O. Ethereal (e-the'rē-al), a. 1. Formed of ether; containing or filled with ether; as, ethereal space; ethereal regions; hence, heavenly; celestial. Ethereal glow of Shelley.' Prof. Blackie. Ethereal messenger.' Milton. Vast chain of being, which from God began, Nature's ethereal, human, angel, man, Pope. 2. Existing in the air; looking blue like the sky; as, ethereal mountains. Thomson. — 3. In chem. of or pertaining to ether. 'Ethereal liquids. Gregory. Etherealism (e-the're-al-izm), n. The state or quality of being ethereal; ethereality. Ethereality (e-the're-ali-ti), n. The state or condition of being ethereal. Etherealize (ē-the'rē-al-iz), v.t. pret. & pp. etherealized; ppr. etherealizing. 1. To convert into ether, or into a very subtile fluid. 2. To purify and refine; to render spirit-like or ethereal. Shelley. Ethereally (e-the re-al-li), adv. In a celestial or heavenly manner. Etherealness (e-the'ré-al-nes), n. The quality of being ethereal. Ethereous (e-the re-us), a. [L. æthereus, from other.] Formed of ether; heavenly. This ethereous mould on which we stand.' Milton. River Etheria, Etheria (e-the'ri-a), n. oysters; a genus of bivalve molluscs, family Unionidae, found in the rivers of Africa and Madagascar. The exterior is rugged, but the interior of the valves is pearly, of a vivid green colour, and raised in small blisters. The natives of Nubia adorn their tombs with them. Etherification (e-the'ri-fi-kā"shon), n. The process of ether formation. Etheriform (e'thér-i-form), a. [Ether and form.] Having the form of ether. Etherism (e'ther-izm), n. In med. the aggregate of the phenomena produced by administering ether. Etherization (e'ther-iz-a"shon), n. 1. The act of administering ether to a patient.2. The state of the system when under the influence of ether.-3. In chem. the process of manufacturing ether. Etherize (e'thér'iz), v. t. pret. & pp. etherized; ppr. etherizing. 1. To convert into ether.2. To subject to the influence of ether; as, to etherize a patient. [L. Ethic, Ethical (eth'ik, eth'ik-al), a. ethicus; Gr. ethikos, from ethos, custom, habit.] Relating to manners or morals; treating of morality; containing precepts of morality; moral; as, ethic discourses or epistles. He (Pope) is the great poet of reason, the first of ethical authors in verse. 1. Warton. ETHIC Our foes are to some extent they of our own household, including not only the ignorant and the pas sionate, but a minority of minds of high calibre and culture, lovers of freedom, moreover, who, though its objective hull be riddled by logic, still find the ethic life of their religion unimpaired. Tyndall. Ethic (eth'ik), n. Same as Ethics (which see). The maxims of ethic are hypothetical maxims. Prof. Clifford. Ethically (eth'ik-al-li), adv. According to the doctrines of morality. The lawgiver has the same need to be ethically instructed as the individual man. Gladstone. Ethicist (eth'i-sist), n. A writer on ethics; one versed in ethical science. Ethics (eth'iks), n. 1. The science which treats of the nature and laws of the actions of intelligent beings, these actions being considered in relation to their moral qualities; the science which treats of the nature and grounds of moral obligation; the science of moral philosophy, which teaches men their duty and the reasons of it; the science of human duty.-2. The whole of the moral sciences; natural jurisprudence. In this application ethics includes moral philosophy, international law, public or political law, civil law, and history, profane, civil, and political.-3. A particular system of principles and rules concerning duty, whether true or false; rules of practice in respect to a single class of human actions; as, political or social ethics. Ethiop, Ethiopian (e'thi-op, e-thi-ōp'i-an), n. [L Ethiops; Gr. Aithiops aithō, to burn, and ōps, countenance.] A native of Ethiopia. Ethiopian (e-thi-ōp'i-an), a. In geog. relating to Ethiopia or to its inhabitants. Ethiopic (e-thi-op'ik), n. The language of Ethiopia. Ethiopic (e-thi-op'ik), a. Relating to Ethiopia or Abyssinia. Ethiops Martial (e'thi-ops mär'shal), n. Black oxide of iron; iron in the form of a very fine powder. Ethiops Mineral (e'thi-ops mi'nė-ral), n. A combination of mercury and sulphur, of a black colour; black sulphuret of mercury. Ethmoid, Ethmoidal (eth'moid, eth-moidal), a. [Gr. ethmos, a sieve, and eidos, form.] Resembling a sieve. -Ethmoid bone, one of the bones of the head, situated between the orbital processes at the root of the nose. It is exceedingly light and spongy, and the olfactory nerves shoot down through its numerous perforations to the nose, and are chiefly expanded on its surface. Ethmoid (eth'moid), n. The ethmoid bone (which see under ETHMOID, a.). Ethmose (eth'mos), n. [Gr. ethmos, a sieve.] In physiol. a name given to cellular tissue. Ethnarch (eth'närk), n. [Gr. ethnos, nation, and archos, a leader.] In Greek antiq. a viceroy; a governor of a province. Ethnarchy (eth'när-ki), n. The government or jurisdiction of an ethnarch. Ethnic, Ethnical (eth'nik, eth'nik-al), a. [L. ethnicus; Gr. ethnikos, from ethnos, nation, pl. ta ethne, the nations, heathens, gentiles.] 1. Heathen; pagan; pertaining to the gentiles or nations not converted to Christianity: opposed to Jewish and Christian. Those are ancient ethnic revels, Of a faith long since forsaken. Longfellow. 2. Pertaining to race; ethnological; as, ethnic considerations prohibit us from connecting these two races. Ethnic (eth'nik), n. A heathen; a pagan. 'No better reported than impure ethnics and lay dogs. Milton. Ethnicism (eth'ni-sizm), n. Heathenism; paganism; idolatry. A hallowed temple, free from taint Of ethnicism, makes his muse a saint, B. Jonson. Ethnographer (eth-nog'ra-fér), n. One who cultivates ethnography; one who treats of the different races and families of men. Ethnographic, Ethnographical (eth-nograf'ik, eth-no-graf'ik-al), a. Pertaining to ethnography. Ethnography (eth-nogʻra-fi), n. [Gr. ethnos, nation, and graphō, to describe.] That branch of science which has for its subject the description of the different races of men, or the manners, customs, religion, &c., peculiar to different nations. See extract under ETHNOLOGY. Ethnologic, Ethnological (eth-no-lojik, eth-no-loj'ik-al), a. Relating to ethnology. Ethnologist (eth-nol'o-jist), n. One skilled in ethnology; a student of ethnology. Ethnology (eth-nol'o-ji), n. [Gr. ethnos, nation, and logos, discourse.] The science Ettin (et'tin), n. [A. Sax. eoten.] A giant. of races. See extract. Ethnography and Ethnology bear the same relation almost to one another as geology and geography. While ethnography contents herself with the mere description and classification of the races of man, ethnology, or the science of races, 'investigates the mental and physical differences of mankind, and the organic laws upon which they depend; seeks to deduce from these investigations principles of human guidance in all the important relations of social and national existence." Fleming. Ethologic, Ethological (eth-o-loj'ik, eth-oloj'ik-al), a. [See ETHOLOGY.] Treating of or pertaining to ethics or morality. Ethologist (eth-ol'o-jist), n. One versed in ethology; one who studies or writes on the subject of manners and morality. Ethology (eth-ol'o-ji), n. [Gr. ethos or ethos, manners, morals, and logos, discourse.] The science of ethics; the science of character. Mr. Mill calls ethology the science of the formation of character. Fleming. Ethopoetic (e-thō-po-et'ik), a. [Gr. ethos, character, and poieo, to make.] Pertaining to or suitable for the formation of character. [Rare.] Ethusa (e-thu'sa), n. A genus of short tailed crustaceans. Ethyl (e'thil), n. [Gr. aither, and hule, principle.] (CH.) The radicle of ordinary alcohol and ether. It has never been obtained in the free state. Alcohol is the hydrate of ethyl Ethyl salts, salts in which the radicle ethyl plays the part of a metallic base. Ethylamine (e-thil'a-min). An organic base formed by the substitution of all or part of the hydrogen of ammonia by ethyl. Ethylene (e'thi-len), n. Olefiant gas (which see under OLEFIANT). Etiolate (e'ti-o-lat), v.i. pret. & pp. etiolated; ppr. etiolating. [Fr. étioler, to blanch; derived by Littré from the Norm. s'étieuler, to grow into stalks or straw; from éteule, stubble, which he derives from L. stipula, a straw.] To grow white from absence of the normal amount of green colouring matter in the leaves or stalks; to be whitened by excluding the light of the sun, as plants: sometimes in pathol. said of persons. Etiolate (e'ti-o-lat), v.t. To blanch; to whiten by excluding the sun's rays or by disease. Etiolation (e'ti-o-la"shon), n. 1. The becoming white by excluding the light of the sun or by disease.-2. In hort, the rendering plants white, crisp, and tender, by excluding the action of light from them. Etiological (e'ti-ō-loj"ik-al), a. Pertaining to etiology. Etiology (e-ti-ol'o-ji), n. [Gr. aitia, cause, and logos, discourse.] An account of the Etiquette (et'i-ket), n. [Fr.; O.Fr. esticauses of anything, particularly of diseases. quette, a thing attached; hence, a label, from L.G. stikke, a peg, pin. Ticket is same word. Originally a ticket indicating a certain reference to the object to which it is affixed, then applied to certain regulations as to behaviour, dress, &c., to be observed by particular persons on particular occa sions.' Wedgwood.] Conventional forms of ceremony or decorum; the forms which are observed toward particular persons, or in particular places, especially in courts, levees, and on public occasions; social observances required by good breeding. Without hesitation kiss the slipper, or whatever else the etiquette of that court requires. Chesterfield. Etite (e'tit), n. [Gr. aetos, an eagle.]_Eaglestone, a variety of bog iron. See EAGLESTONE. Etna (et'na), n. [From Etna, the Sicilian volcano.] A table cooking-utensil, heated by a spirit-lamp. Etnean (et-ne'an), a. Pertaining to Etna, the celebrated volcanic mountain in Sicily; as, the Etnean fires. Etonian (e-tōn'i-an), n. A schoolboy at Eton. Relating to Etrurian (e-trū'ri-an), a. Etruria. Etruscan (e-trus'kan), a. Relating to Etruria, an ancient country in Central Italy; as, an Etruscan vase. Ettercap (et'ter-kap), n. An attercop; a spider; a virulent atrabilious person. [Scotch.] A fiery ettercap, a fractious chiel', As het as ginger, and as stieve as steel. Robertson of Struan. Etter-pike (et'ter-pik), n. The lesser weever or sting-fish (Trachinus vipera). Etter-pyle (et'tér-pil), n. A fish mentioned by Sibbald, probably the etter-pike. For they say the King of Portugal cannot sit at his meat, but the giants and the ettins will come and snatch it from him. Beau. & Fl. Ettle (et'tl), v.t. [Icel. ætla, etla, to think, to determine.] To aim; to take aim at any object; to make an attempt; to propose; to intend. [Scotch.] Ettle (et'tl), v.i. To intend; expect. [Scotch.] Ettle (et'tl), n. Intention; intent; aim. [Scotch.] Nannie, far before the rest, Hard upon noble Maggie prest, And flew at Tam wi' furious ettle. Burns. Étude (a-tüd), n. [Fr., from L. studium.] In the fine arts and music, a composition designed to serve as a study. Etui, Etwee (et-we'), n. [Fr.; O. Fr. estui; Pr. estug; It. astuccio, from M.H.G. stuche, a kind of sheath.] A pocket-case for small articles, such as needles, pins, &c.; a ladies' reticule. Etym (e'tim), n. An etymon. [Rare.] H. Fox Talbot. Etymologert (et-i-mol'o-jêr), n. An etymologist. Etymologic, Etymological (et'i-mo-loj"ik, et'i-mo-lojik-al), a. [See ETYMOLOGY.] Pertaining to or treating of etymology or the derivation of words. A Etymologically (et'i-mo-loj"ik-al-li), adv. According to or by means of etymology. Etymologicon (et'i-mo-loj"ik-on), n. work, as a dictionary, containing the etymologies of the words of a language; a treatise on etymology. Etymologist (et-i-mol'o-jist), n. One versed in etymology or the tracing of words to their earliest forms; one who searches into the origin of words. Etymologize (et-i-mol'o-jiz), v.i. To search into the origin of words; to deduce words from their simple roots. Etymologize (et-i-mol'o-jiz), v.t. To trace the etymology of; to give the etymology of. Breeches, quasi bear-riches; when a gallant bears all his riches in his breeches.-Most fortunately etymologized. Etymology (et-i-mol'o-ji), n. B. Jonson. [Gr. etymos, true or real, to etymon, the true or literal signification of a word, its root, and logos, discourse, description, from legein, to say, to speak.] That part of philology which explains the origin and derivation of words; that part of grammar which comprehends the various inflections and modifications of words, and shows how they are formed from Etymon (et'i-mon), n. [Gr. etymon, from their simple roots. etymos, true.] 1. The original form of a word; the root or primitive form.-2. The original or fundamental sense; the primary or root meaning. The import here given as the etymon or genuine sense of the word.' Coleridge. Eu-(u). A Greek adverb signifying well, happily, prosperously, in safety: used frequently as a prefix signifying well, easy, good, entire, and the like. See EUKAIRITE. Eucairite (u-kārīt), n. Eucalyn (u'kal-in), n. (CH12O6.) A nonfermentescible, sweetish, syrupy body, got in the fermentation of melitose (the sugar of Eucalyptus). It is dextro-rotatory and reduces copper salts like sugar. Eucalyptus (u-ka-lip'tus), n. [Gr. eu, well, and kalyptō, to cover.] A genus of large Blue Gum-tree (Eucalyptus globulus). generally glaucous trees, nat. order Myrtaces, natives of Australia, though a few |