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ORDER OF PARSING RELATIVE PRONOUNS 99

Happy is the man that findeth wisdom.

"That" is a pronoun; relative; its antecedent is "man": simple: masculine gender, third person, singular number: (Rule IX.) nominative case; it is the subject of the subordinate proposition, "That findeth wisdom." (Rule I.)

The horse which you sold me is lame.

"Which" is a pronoun; relative; its antecedent is "horse": simple: masculine gender, third person, singular number: (Rule IX.) objective case; it is the object of the transitive verb "sold." (Rule. VI.)

I remember what you said.

"What" is a pronoun; relative; it is a double relative, equivalent to that which "that" being the antecedent part, and "which" the relative. Parse "that" as a "pronominal adjective used as a noun,” in the objective case after "remember."

"Which" is a pronoun; relative; its antecedent is "that" : neuter gender, third person, singular number; objective case; object of the transitive verb "said." (Rule VI.)

The boy closed the shutters, which darkened the room. “Which” is a pronoun; relative; its antecedent is the clause, “the boy closed the shutters."

Whoever studies will learn.

“Whoever” is a pronoun; relative; compound; it is equivalent to he who, or any one who—"he" being the antecedent part, and "who” the relative. Parse "he" as a personal pronoun, subject of "will learn," or one as a "pronominal adjective used as a noun,” subject of "will learn," and "who" as a relative, by preceding models.

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Whatever purifies, sanctifies.

"Whatever" is a pronoun; relative; compound; it is equivalent to that which. Parse "that" and "which" according to the model on

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page 98-"that" being the subject of "sanctifies"; "which" of "purifies."

Whoso keepeth the law is a wise son.

"Whoso" is a pronoun; relative; compound; it is equivalent to he who, or any one who. Parse according to the model above.

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As many as came were baptized.

99 As is a pronoun; relative; its antecedent is “many”: simple: common gender, third person, plural number: (Rule IX.) nominative case; it is used as the subject of the subordinate proposition, "as came," i.e. "who came." (Rule I.)

XCVII. EXERCISES

Parse the relative pronouns in the following sentences:

I. Those who sow will reap. 2. He that hateth, dissembleth with his lips. 3. They that forsake the law, praise the wicked; but such as keep the law, contend with them. 4. There is no class of persons that I dislike so much as those who slander their neighbors. house which you admire so much, belongs to the man whom we see yonder.

5. The

6. Whatever is, is right. 7. Whatsoever ye shall ask in my name, that will I do. 8. He will do what is right. 9. This is the dog that worried the cat that killed the rat that ate the malt that lay in the house that Jack built. 10. A kind boy avoids doing whatever injures others.

XCVIII.

INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS

The interrogative pronouns are who, which, and what, when used in asking questions; as, "Who goes there?" "Which is yours?" "What did you say?"

The subsequent of an interrogative pronoun is that part of the answer which is represented by it. An interrogative must agree with its subsequent in gender, person, and number.

ORDER OF PARSING INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS ΙΟΙ

When a definite object is referred to, which and what are pronominal adjectives, limiting the name of the object inquired for; as, "Which lesson shall we learn?" "What book shall we study?" When an indefinite object is referred to, the interrogative takes its place; as, "Which is mine?" "What say you?"

The interrogatives who and which are declined like relative pronouns. Apply Rule IX. in parsing interrogatives, changing "antecedents" to "subsequents."

XCIX.

ORDER OF PARSING INTERROGATIVE PRONOUNS

I. A pronoun, and why?

2. Interrogative, and why?

3. Name its subsequent, if expressed.

4. Gender, person, and number. Rule.

5. Decline it.

6. Case, and why? Rule.

MODELS FOR PARSING

Who goes there?

"Who" is a pronoun; interrogative; it is used in asking a question: its subsequent is indefinite: gender and person indeterminate: singular number, to agree with its subsequent: (Rule IX.) nominative case; it is used as the subject of the sentence "Who goes there?" (Rule I.)

Which is yours?—The large one.

"Which" is a pronoun; interrogative; its subsequent is "one": neuter gender, third person, singular number; (Rule IX.) nominative case; it is used as the subject of the sentence "Which is yours?" (Rule I.)

What is that man? A blacksmith.

"What" is a pronoun; interrogative; its subsequent is "blacksmith": masculine gender, third person, singular number; (Rule IX.) nominative case; it is used as the predicate of the sentence "What is that man?" (Rule II.)

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Parse the interrogative pronouns in the following sentences : —

1. Who saw the horse run? 2. Whose house is that on the hill yonder? 3. Whom did he call? - James. 4. For whom did he inquire? 5. Which will you have, the large or the small book?

6. Whom did you take me to be? 7. What shall I do?— Wait. 8. What can be more beautiful than that landscape? 9. Which is the lesson? 10. Who told you how to parse "what" ?

Parse the relative and interrogative pronouns in the following

sentences:

1. Who is in the garden? - My father.

2. I do not know who is

in the garden. 3. Tell me what I should do. 4. What vessel is that? 5. Always seek for what you need the most.

7. The

6. Whose house was burned last night?— Mr. Hubbard's. boy closed the shutters, which darkened the room. 8. What is his name? 9. Whoever enters here should have a pure heart. IO. I gave all that I had.

Parse the nouns, pronouns, and adjectives in the following sentences:—

I. Virtue is the condition of happiness. 2. Ye are the light of the world. 3. That garment is not well made. 4. One ounce of gold is worth sixteen ounces of silver. 5. The prayers of David, the son of Jesse, are ended. 6. Every man went to his own house. army is loaded with the spoils of many nations. 8. Be of the same mind one toward another.

7. The

9. He sacrificed everything he had in the world: what could we ask more? Io. Who is here so base that would be a bondman? II. I speak as to wise men: judge ye what I say. 12. Liberty was theirs as men: without it they did not esteem themselves men. 13. The death of Socrates, peacefully philosophizing with his friends, is the most pleasant that could be desired.

14. O Popular Applause! what heart of man

Is proof against thy sweet, seducing charms?

CAUTIONS

15. What black, what ceaseless cares besiege our state: What strokes we feel from fancy and from fate.

16. Unveil thy bosom, faithful tomb;

Take this new treasure to thy trust;
And give these sacred relics room

To slumber in the silent dust.

17. Thy spirit, Independence, let me share. Lord of the lion heart and eagle eye:

18.

Thy steps I'll follow with my bosom bare;

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Nor heed the storm that howls along the sky. - SMOLLETT.
The gay will laugh

When thou art gone; the solemn brood of care
Plod on, and each one as before will chase
His favorite phantom: yet all these shall leave
Their mirth and their employment, and shall come

And make their bed with thee. - BRYANT.

CI.

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CAUTIONS

CAUTION I. Do not omit the sign of possession in forming the possessive case of nouns, nor use it in forming the possessive case of pronouns.

Write correctly: —

1. Mr. Arter sells boys or boy's or boys' hats. 2. The girls' or girl's or girls bonnets were blown into the lake. 3. That house is her's or hers. 4. Frances' or France's or Frances mother is an actress. 5. Have you seen Mr. Pierce or Pierce' or Pierces or Pierce's or Pierces' new house? 6. Who's or whose or whoes horse ran away?

CAUTION II. Do not use the objective-case forms of pronouns as subjects or predicates.

Write correctly, supplying personal pronouns :·

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and not —,

were boys together. 4.

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