marches to the defence of our frontiers. Already you have passed the Rhine. We will not again make peace without a sufficient guarantee. Our policy shall no more give way to our generosity. Soldiers, your emperor is in the midst of you, you are only the advanced guard of a great people. If it should be necessary, they will all rise at my voice to confound and dissolve this new league which has been formed by the hatred and the gold of England. But, soldiers, we shall have forced marches to make, fatigues and privations of every kind to endure. Whatever obstacles may be opposed to us, we will overcome them, and we shall take no rest until we have planted our eagles on the territory of our enemies.

(Signed) Napoleon. By order of his majesty, the majorgeneral of the grand army.

Berthier.

Proclamation transmitted by General Massena to the French Army of Italy. Dated Sept. 10, 1895.

Soldiers of the army of Italy, His majesty the emperor and king has nominated me your general in chief. It is pleasing to me again to behold my former companions in arms, and to find them still actuated by the same sentiments, the same attachment to discipline, and devotion to their duty, for which I have ever known the distinguished. I shall uniformly address them in this language and I love to believe they well know how to answer it if political circumstances oblige his majesty, the emperor and king, to give the signal for war, notwithstanding the desire he has constantly

manifested to maintain peace. Sol diers! you will remember that you are on a field of battle illustrious by his victories, and that every step we shall find traces of his magnanimity and genius. I replace at your head a general distinguished by his ser. vices. He is called to another destination, where doubtless your wishes will accompany him. Soldiers! on whatever theatre his imperial majesty places us, let us jus tify his choice, and let us entertain but one thought; our country, and emperor.-The marshal of the em pire, general-in-chief,

(Signed)

Massena.

Address of the Archduke Charles on taking the Command of his Army. Dated Padua, Sept. 21, 1805.

On my arrival no business presses more upon me, than to inform the army that I am again at its head, and have taken the command upon me. I hope, from the recollection of for mer occurrences, so glorious for his majesty's arms, that if war should be inevitable, contrary to his ma jesty's sincere desire, I shall still find in the army that ancient spirit of confidence and perseverance, that unshaken steadiness in danger, that obedient bravery, and (I cannot mention it without being sensibly affected) that attachment to my person, and confidence in me, by which the most memorable days of my life have been distinguished, and which have led to actions for the welfare of the monarchy, that can never be forgotten. I doubt not but the army will remember, at every period of my life, the care and attachment with which I shared its fate, both in prosperity and ad

versity.

versity. Above all things I recommend the commanders of large or small bodies, to instil into the troops the true military virtues; a strict discipline, patience, obedience, and continence. The spirit of discontent, obstinacy, stubborness, drink ing, and gambling, as well as every species of vice which undermine men's morals, must be extirpated in the army; and I shall seriously hold the commanders responsible for the observance of this exhortation.That the business at head-quarters may be managed according to a set. tled plan, I have divided the whole administration into four parts, each of which is to have its separate functions.

Proceeding of the Extraordinary Meeting of the Conservative Sen. ate of France. Oct. 24th, 1805;

At one o'clock this day the members of the conservative senate met, in virtue of a convocation extraordinary, ordered by his highness prince Joseph, grand elector. His imperial highness prince Louis, constable; his serene highness the archchancellor of the empire and some of the ministers were present at the sitting. It was opened under 'the presidency of the grand elector, with the following speech, pronounced by his highness: "Senators, in the midst of his triumphs his majesty has felt the necessity of giving to the senate a new proof of his esteem; it is the object of the message which his majesty has ordered me to submit to you. You will perceive, gentlemen, that his majesty is impatient that the French youth should take their share of the fresh successes which await him,

But already our young conscrips are in motion; they are setting out, or have already done so. All parents know, that when their children go to the grand army, they go to place themselves under the shield of the common father of the French, who is more sparing of their blood than he is anxious for glory. The emperor and his army have exceeded the hopes of the nation; I have the happiness of informing you, that it answers, in a manner worthy of it, the glorious invitation of its chief." The message of the emperor and king, which his imperial highness read to the meeting, is expressed in the following manner: 66 Senators, I send you 40 stand of colours, which my army has conquered in the different actions which took place since that at Wertingen. It is a homage which I and my army pay to the sages of the empire; it is an offering made by children to their fathers: senators, accept it as a proof of my satisfaction for the manner in which you have always assisted me in the most important concerns of the empire. And you, Frenchmen, cause your brothers to march; let them hasten to combat by our sides, in order that, without shedding of blood, without extraordinary exertion, we may repel far from us all the armies created by the gold of England, and overwhelin with confusion the allies of the oppressors of the scas. Senators, a month is not yet elapsed since I told you that your emperor and his army would do their duty.

I am impatient to say, that my people have done their's. Since I began the campaign I have dispersed an army of 100,000 men: I have almost taken the half of them prisoners; the rest are killed, woundU u 3

ed,

ed, or deserted, and reduced to the greatest consternation. These brilliant successes I owe to the affection of my soldiers to their patience in supporting fatigue. I have only lost 1500 men in killed and wounded Senators, the first object of the war is already fulfilled. The elector of Bavaria is re-established on his throne. The unjust aggressors have been struck, as if by lightning; and, with the help of God, I hope, in a short space of time, to be able to triumph over my other enemies. -From my imperial camp at Elchingen, Oct. 18th.

(Signed)

Napoleon." [By order of his imperial highness, the 6th bulletin of the grand army was then read, with the articles of the capitulation of Ulm.-A member proposed, in a short speech, that five members should be appointed to prepare an address to his majesty, to be presented to him by one of the members of the committee of the senate and three other senators. Senators Lacepede, Clement de Ris, and François (de Neufcha teau), with his imperial highness prince Louis, and his serene highness the prince arch-chanceller of the empire, were appointed to prepare the same; and a deputation, consisting of Colaud, one of the secretaries, St. Suzanne, Monge, and Garnier Laboissiere, were chosen by ballot to present it to the emperor.]

We, Alex. Berthier, marshal of the empire, and field marshal baron Mack, &c. have agreed upon the following articles: Art. I. The city of Ulm shall be surrendered to the French army, with all the maga. zines and artillery.-Answer: The half of the field artillery shall be retained by the Austrian troops. Refused.-II. The garrison shall march out, with all the honours of war, and after filing off, lay down their arms. The field officers shall be sent, on their parole of honour, to Austria, and the soldiers and subal. terns shall be sent into France, where they shall remain until they are exchanged. Answer: The whole shall be sent into Austria, under condition of not serving against France until they are exchanged. Refused.-III. The officers and soldiers shall retain all the effects belonging to them. Answer: And

also the regimental chests. Agreed to.-IV. The sick and wounded Austrians shall be treated in the same manner as the French sick and wounded. Answer: We know the generosity and humanity of the French.-V. If, nevertheless, there should appear by noon of the 25th Oct. 1805, an army capable of raising the blockade of Ulm, the gar rison of this fortress shall in that case be released from the present capitulation, and at liberty to act as it may think fit. Answer: If the blockade of Ulm should be raised by an Austrian or Russian army before midnight of the 25th Oct. on whatever side, or at whatever gate it shall happen to be, the gar rison shall freely depart with their arms, artillery, and cavalry, to join the troops which may have raised the blackade. Agreed to.-VI. One of the gates of Ulm (that of

Stutgard)

Stutgard) shall be given up to the French army at 7 o'clock to-morrow, as also quarters sufficient for the accommodation of one brigade. Answer: Yes.-VII. That the French army shall be put in possession of the grand bridge over the Danube, and also have a free communication between both banks. Answer: The bridge is burnt down, but all possible means shall be taken to re-build it.-VIII. The service shall be regulated so as to prevent any disturbance, and to maintain the best understanding. Answer: The French and Austrian discipline afford the firmest guarantee in this respect. IX. All the cavalry, artillery, and waggon horses, belonging to the emperor of Austria and king of Hungary, shall be given up to the French army.-X. The Ist, 2d, 3d, 4th, and 9th articles shall not be carried into execution until it please the commander in chief of the Austrian troops; provided nɛvertheless, that the period of execution shall not be later than twelve at noon of the 25th of Oct. 1805: and, if by that time an army should make its appearance, in sufficient force to raise the blockade, the garrison shall, conformably to Art. V. be at liberty to act as they may think proper. Done in duplicate at Ulm, 17th Oct. 1805. (Signed)

Marshal Berthier, Mack.

Proclamation of the Emperor Napoleon to the Soldiers of the Grand Army. Dated Elchingen. From the Imperial Head-quarters, Oct. 21st, 1805.

Soldiers of the grand army.-In 15 days we have made a campaign.

Of

What we proposed is accomplished. We have chased the troops of the house of Austria from Bavaria, and re-establised our ally in the sovereignty of his states. That army, which, with equal ostentation and impudence, came to place itself upon our frontiers, is annihilated. What signifies it to England? Her object is accomplished. We are no longer at Boulogne, and her subsidy will be neither more nor less. 100,000 men which composed that army, 60,000 are prisoners: they will go to re-place our conscripts in the labours of our fields: 200 pieces of cannon, all the park, 90 colours, all the generals, are in our power. Not 15,000 men of that army have escaped. Soldiers, I had announced to you a great battle; but thanks to the bad combinations of the enemy, I have been able to obtain the same success without running any risk; and, what is unexampled in the history of nations, so great a result has not weakened us above 1500 men hors de combat.—Soldiers, this success is due to your boundless confidence in your emperor, to your patience in enduring fatigues and privations of every kind, and to your rare intrepidity.—But we shall not stop here: you are impatient to commence a second campaign. We shall make that Russian army, which the gold of England has transported from the extremities of the universe, undergo the same fate. -To this combat is more especially attached the honour of the infantry; it is here that is to be decided, for the second time, that question which has already been decided in Swit

zerland and in Holland-Whether the French infantry be the first or the second in Europe? There are among them no generals against

U u 4

whom