8. Kentucky. 1836 1837 Received fifteen quotas; $1,433,754.39. $850,000 put into school fund; balance to pay internal improvements loans, as due. School fund portion invested in state improvement bonds, and interest used for state expenses up to 1850. 1851- Debt to school fund for principal and interest capitalized at $1,326,770.40. State tax to pay interest, as the fund was virtually all lost. 9. Louisiana. 1837 Received five quotas; $477,919.14. 1838 Used for state debts, appropriations, and improvements. 1852 New constitution appropriated interest for school fund. 1864 New constitution repealed this. 1876 Interest again appropriated to school fund. Interest raised by taxation. 10. Maine. 1837 Received ten quotas; $955,838.25. 1837- Deposited with the towns and cities. 1838 Towns released from obligation to return the money, and empowered to distribute it per capita among the population of the towns. 11. Maryland. Received ten quotas; $955,838.25. $274,451, used to pay the interest on the state's debt. Balance deposited in bank for school fund. Soon withdrawn and spent for interest and internal improvements. $1000 of income to be spent annually for education of blind, and balance, $34,069.36, distributed on census for schools. This amount ever since raised by taxation and so appropriated. 12. Massachusetts. 1837 - Received fourteen quotas; $1,338,173.58. 1837- Deposited with the towns. Used by most for town ex penses, but by some for education. Used by some towns for education one year, and general expenses another. Much of it is only an obligation to-day. 13. Michigan. Received three quotas; $286,751.49. - Used for current expenses, except $26,751.49, which was put into an internal improvement fund. 14. Mississippi. 1837 Received four quotas; $332,355.30. No definite records. Probably all spent for state expenses before 1842, when the treasury was empty. 15. Missouri. Received four quotas; $382,335.30. To be invested in bank stock; profits for common schools. Fund to be known as the common school fund. Interest to be added to principal until the fund reached $500,000. New constitution confirmed the grant for schools. Fund now invested in Missouri state bonds. 16. New Hampshire. 1837 Received seven quotas; $669,086.79. 1837 — Distributed among the towns. 1838 1841 Towns permitted to use the fund for any legal purpose. 17. New Jersey. 1836 1837 Received eight quotas; $746,670.60. Governor recommended that it be added to the school fund. Distributed to the counties, on basis of state tax paid. Income to be paid to townships on same basis. Used for schools, buildings, and general expenses. Much of the fund used up. 1867- Whole income required to be appropriated for schools. In many counties it is an annual tax instead of interest. 18. New York. 1837-Received forty-two quotas; $4,014,520.71. 1837 Deposited with the counties, to be loaned at seven per cent. Comptroller to make good losses from income, which has kept the fund intact. Losses in some years large. Income appropriated since for schools, libraries, and to increase the principal of permanent fund. Fund badly managed by the counties. 19. North Carolina. 1837 Received fifteen quotas; $1,433,727.39. 1837- Used for state expenses, $100,000; balance invested for the benefit of educational funds. Investments profitable, but swept away by the Civil War. 20. Ohio. 1836 1837 1843 Received twenty-one quotas; $2,007,260.36. Divided among the counties on basis of male population, to be loaned. All county interest up to five per cent to be used for schools, and counties responsible for this rate of interest. Surplus revenue pledged for $1,500,000 loan for canals. Loans called in. State borrowed about half of it. 1851"Balance" added to the school fund. 21. Pennsylvania. 1836 Received thirty quotas; $2,867,514.78. 1836 Deposited in banks; interest for the benefit of schools. 1837-$500,000 appropriated for schools and buildings, nearly doubling the school term for the year. 1840-Fund all used up to pay deficits in state's expenses. 22. Rhode Island. 1836 1836 1840 Received four quotas; $382,335.30. - Placed in banks; interest to be used for schools. State began to borrow from fund. By 1852 half had been borrowed by the state. 1859 Remainder of fund, $155,541.27, transferred to permanent school fund. 23. South Carolina. 1836 1836 Received eleven quotas; $1,051,422. Deposited in bank, to the credit of the state. 1837-1839-Largely invested in railroad stock, which was very profitable up to the time of the Civil War. 24. Tennessee. 1836 1838 -- - Received fifteen quotas; $1,433,757.58. All invested in the stock of a state Bank; Bank to pay $100,000 of earnings annually for schools, and $18,000 for academies. Paid regularly for many years, but only part used for education. 1866 Bank insolvent, and ceased operation. Debt of $1,500,000 to school fund recognized, thus including the surplus revenue. Also recognized in the constitution of 1870. 25. Vermont. Received seven quotas; $669,086.79. Loaned to the towns to be reloaned; interest for schools. Fund saved by most towns; in some spent, and interest became a tax. Called school fund in law. Constituted as part of permanent state school fund. 26. Virginia. 1836 Received twenty-three quotas; $2,198,427.99. 1837 - Invested in bank stock. A little later $225,792.93 transferred to the literary fund, and interest paid on this for schools, up to the Civil War. Fund largely lost. 4. The Internal Improvement Act of 1841 In 1841 Congress inaugurated a policy in the matter of the distribution of the public lands, a part of which has ever since been followed. [U. S. Statutes at Large, V, 453.] AN ACT to appropriate the proceeds of the sales of the public lands, and to grant pre-emption rights. Approved, September 4, 1841. Be it enacted by the Senate and the House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That from and after the 31st day of December, in the year of our Lord 1841, there be allowed and paid to each of the States of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, Alabama, Missouri, Mississippi, Louisiana, Arkansas, and Michigan, over and above what each of the said States is entitled to by the terms of the compacts entered into between them and the United States, upon their admission into the Union, the sum of ten per centum upon the nett proceeds of the sales of the public lands, which, subsequent to the day aforesaid, shall be made within the limits of each of said States respectively: Provided, That the sum so allowed to the said States, respectively, shall be in no wise affected or diminished on account of any sums which have been heretofore, or shall be hereafter, applied to the construction or continuance of the Cumberland road, but that the disbursements for said road shall remain, as heretofore, chargeable on the two per centum fund provided for by compacts with several of the said States. SECT. 2. And be it further enacted, That after deducting the said ten per centum, and what, by the compacts aforesaid, has heretofore been allowed to the States aforesaid, the residue of the nett proceeds, which nett proceeds shall be ascertained by deducting from the gross proceeds all expenditures of the year for the following objects: salaries and expenses on account of the General Land Office; expenses for surveying public lands; salaries and expenses of the surveyor-general's offices; salaries, commissions, and allowances to the registers and receivers; the five per centum to new States; of all the public lands, wherever situated, which shall be sold subsequent to the said 31st day of December, 1841, shall be divided among the twenty-six States of the Union and the District of Columbia, and the Territories of Wisconsin, Iowa, and Florida, according to their respective federal representative population as ascertained by the last census, to be applied by the Legislatures of the said States to such purposes as the said Legislatures may direct: Provided, That the distributive share to which the District of Columbia shall be entitled, shall be applied to free schools, or education in some other form, as Congress may direct. . . . SECT. 3. And be it further enacted, That the several sums of money received in the Treasury as the nett proceeds of the sales of public lands shall be paid at the Treasury half-yearly on the first day of January and July in each year, during the operation of this act, to such person or persons as the respective Legislatures of the said States and Territories, or the Governors thereof, in case the Legislatures shall have made no such appointment, shall authorize and direct to receive the same. SECT. 4. And be it further enacted, That any sum of money, which at any time may become due, and payable to any State of the Union, or to the District of Columbia, by virtue of this act, as the portion of the said State or District, of the proceeds of the sales of the public lands, shall be first applied to the payment of any debt, due, and payable from said State or District, to the United States: Provided, That this shall not be construed to extend to the sums deposited with the States under the act of Congress of June 23rd, 1836, entitled "An act to regulate the deposits of the public money," nor to any sums apparently due to the United States as balances of debts growing out of the transactions of the Revolutionary war. SECT. 5. And be it further enacted, That this act shall continue and be in force until otherwise provided by law, unless the United States shall become involved in war with any foreign Power, in which event, from the commencement of hostilities, this act shall be suspended during the continuance of such war: Provided, nevertheless, That if, prior to the expiration of this act, any new State or States shall be admitted into the Union, there be assigned to such new State or States, the proportion of the proceeds accruing after their admission into the Union, to which such State or States |