quick transmission to be in the hands of a single corporation substantially in this country.

"I said that the telegraph to-day was the rich man's mail. The transmission of letters and messages is a Government function, it pertains to the Government, and it ought never to have been suffered to go out of the hands of Government. We ought just as much to utilize the telegraph as to utilize the sending of letters by the railway. Formerly letters were carried on foot or on horseback. I remember when the saddle-bags thrown across the horse contained the letters which were sent through the country. Then we adopted the steamboat and then the railroad, and then we insist that we shall have fast trains. Why? that we may get a letter to California in a week and get an answer in a week, and the Government proposes to do it for three cents. The Government can send a letter of twenty words to California and get an answer in a single day at an expense, I verily believe, of not more than 25 cents. Ought not the Government to do it? Can the Government excuse itself for not serving the people with this new means of communicating messages?

"I said that the transmission of messages by electricity was mainly in the hands of a single corporation. I am not continually talking about monopolies, but I do say that this business of carrying letters, of transmitting messages, is a monopoly which belongs to the Government of the United States and not to corporations, and if those gentlemen who are troubled with the power and the increasing power of monopolies, and justly troubled, desire to look about for the greatest monopoly of the world in proportion to its capital, they will find it in this same telegraph company. Its receipts the last year were $17,000,000 and its acknowledged profits were $7,000,000, more than 40 per cent. of its receipts. I say its acknowledged profits; what its real profits were no one knows.

"If the Government, as it ought to have done under the statute of 1866 authorizing it to do so, had taken control of the telegraph system of this country it would have saved last year $7,000,000 to the people of this country; and that is a better saving than the saving which they propose to effect upon postage, because with that saving would have come the added convenience, as the telegraph would have been brought within the reach of the humblest individual. If an individual in common life now receives a telegraphic dispatch he fears that it means death or disaster. If the Government in 1866 had taken the telegraph, it would be a common means of communication between the common people of this country to-day.

"The enormous profits which are lost to the individuals of the country and are put in the pockets of the stockholders of this corporation are nothing to what they are expected to be. The president of the corporation in his

last annual report estimates that the receipts of the company in the year 1887 will be between $31,000,000 and $32,000,000, and the profits $16,000,000.

"I insist upon it that there should be no diminution of the revenues of the Post-Office Department until its surplus funds have been used at least to make a fund for the purchase, at an appraised value, of the telegraph lines of the United States. Looking forward five years to 1887, taking the report and estimate of the president of that corporation in the year 1887, it would save $16,000,000 to the people of the United States and afford them vastly increased facilities for corresponding with each other. I have no time to elaborate this proposition today. I believe that when the people come to think of these matters they will vastly prefer that the convenience of the present system shall be extended; that new improvements shall be adopted; that the frequency of mails shall be increased; that the speed of mails shall be increased; that free delivery shall be extended almost indefinitely; and that Congress shall take steps before the coming storm to see to it that the control of the telegraph system of this country passes into the hands of the Government."

Mr. Edmunds, of Vermont, offered an amendment proposing to strike out the whole clause of the bill relating to the reduction of letterpostage, on the ground that legislation of a general nature in an appropriation bill was in violation of rule 29, which is as follows:

No amendment which proposes general legislation shall be received to any general appropriation bill; nor shall any amendment not germane or relevant to the subject-matter contained in the bill be received; nor shall any amendment to any item or clause of such bill be received which does not directly relate thereto; and all questions of relevancy of amendments under this rule, when raised, shall be submitted to the Senate and be decided without debate; and any amendment to a general appropriation bill may be laid on the table without prejudice to the bill.

The amendment was rejected by the following vote, which shows the attitude of the Senate on the question of postal reduction :

YEAS-Anthony, Blair, Cameron of Pennsylvania, Cameron of Wisconsin, Davis of Illinois, Edmunds, Hawley, Hoar, Jones of Florida, Lapham, Miller of New York, Morrill, Platt, Rollins, Sherman-15. rell, Coke, Conger, Dawes, Frye, Garland, George, NAYS-Barrow, Beck, Brown, Call, Camden, CockGorman, Groome, Hale, Hampton, Harris, Harrison, Hill, Ingalls, Johnston, Jonas, Kellogg, Lamar, McDill, McMillan, Mahone, Maxey, Morgan, Pendleton, Plumb, Pugh, Sewell, Slater, Vance, Van Wyck, Vest, Voorhees, Walker, Williams-40.

ABSENT-Aldrich, Allison, Bayard, Butler, Chilcott, Davis of West Virginia, Fair, Farley, Ferry, Grover, Jackson, Jones of Nevada, Logan, McPherson, Miller of California, Mitchell, Ransom, Saulsbury, Saunders, Sawyer, Windom-21.

January 20th, the bill passed the Senate with several important amendments. One of them changed the date of the proposed reduction in the rate of letter-postage; another added an appropriation for fast mails; another provided

an appropriation for steamboat mail service; and another struck out the following provision of the original bill:

Provided, That for the better accomplishment of the objects of the acts authorizing the construction of the railroads hereinafter referred to, and the better to secure to the Government the use and benefit of the same, the acts authorizing the building and construction of those railroads which have received, in addition to land grants, Government aid by the loan or guarantee of bonds by the United States, and all other acts, parts of acts, and provisions having relation thereto, are hereby so altered, amended, and modified that hereafter the compensation paid or allowed for the carrying and transportation of the United States mails by such railroad companies, or their assigns or successors, shall be fixed by the Postmaster-General, at a rate not exceeding that fixed by him or allowed by law to other railway companies of the same class to which the United States have furnished aid by grant of land, right of way, or otherwise.

The House non-concurred in these amendments, and three conference committees in succession discussed the points of difference, and failed to come to a complete agreement. The last committee fixed Oct. 1, 1883, as the date for the reduction of the rate of letterpostage; and finally, on March 2d, the House receded from its non-concurrence in the striking out of the provision in regard to the landgrant railroads and the insertion of an appropriation for fast mails. The next day the measure as amended was approved by the President.

Internal Revenue and Tariff Legislation.-The Tariff Commission appointed under the act of Congress, approved May 15, 1882, made a report to the House of Representatives Dec. 4, 1882, and the report submitted became the basis of the legislation for tariff revision that took up so great a part of the session. The report, after a general view of the tariff problem, took up each class of articles and gave an account of the condition of trade in them and the nature of the

action to be taken with respect to duties levied on them, and the data on which such action was based. It closed with a schedule of proposed duties and a statement of proposed amendments to the revised statutes. The reduction which the committee recommended averaged not less than 20 per cent. In some cases it was slight; in others no reduction was attempted at all; and in many instances there was a scaling down of from 40 to 50 per cent. On the report of the commission as a basis, the House Committee of Ways and Means reported a tariff bill Jan. 16, 1883, which was taken up and elaborated with great care; but in the mean while, a bill to reduce internal revenue taxation which had passed the House and had been referred to the Finance Committee of the Senate, was reported back to that body Jan. 4, 1883, with amendments virtually revising the whole tariff system and the machinery for carrying it out, which amendments were based also upon the report of the tariff commission. The Senate entered upon the discussion of this measure with zeal, and VOL. XXIII.-13 A

debated it item by item at great length. It was passed Feb. 20, 1883, by the following

vote:

YEAS-Aldrich, Allison, Anthony, Barrow, Bayard, Blair, Brown, Camden, Cameron of Wisconsin, Conger, Davis of Illinois, Davis of West Virginia, Dawes, Edmunds, Frye, Gorman, Hale, Harrison, Hawley, Hoar, Ingalls, Jackson, Jones of Florida, Jones of Nevada, Kellogg, Logan, McMillan, McPherson, Miller of California, Miller of New York, Morrill, Platt, Plumb, Rollins, Sawyer, Sewell, Sherman, Slater, Tabor, Van Wyck, Windom-42.

NAYS-Beck, Call, Cockrell, Coke, Farley, Garland, George, Hampton, Harris, Maxey, Mitchell, Pendleton, Pugh, Ransom, Vance, Vest, Voorhees, Walker, Williams-19.

ABSENT-Butler, Cameron of Pennsylvania, Fair, Ferry, Groome, Grover, Johnston, Jonas, Lamar, Lapham, McDill, Mahone, Morgan, Saulsbury, Saunders-15.

It was determined by the majority in the House to abandon the tariff bill of that body and act upon the internal - revenue bill as amended by the Senate, and in order to facilitate the consideration of the measure in the House, the Committee on Rules reported Feb. 24, 1883, the following amendment to the rules of that body:

During the remainder of this session it shall be in order at any time to move to suspend the rules, which motion shall be decided by a majority vote, to take from the Speaker's table House bill No. 5538, with the Senate amendment thereto, entitled "A bill to reduce internal-revenue taxation," and to declare a disagreement with the Senate amendment to the same, and to ask for a committee of conference thereHouse. If such motion shall fail, the bill shall reon, to be composed of five members on the part of the main upon the Speaker's table unaffected by the decision of the House upon said motion.

After a brief but bitter opposition, this special rule was adopted Feb. 27th. As a question of privilege, Mr. Hammond, of Georgia, then submitted the following resolution:

Resolved, That the substitute of the Senate (H. R. 5538) entitled "An act to reduce internal-revenue

taxation, and for other purposes," under the form of an amendment to the bill of the House (H. R. 5538) entitled "An act to reduce internal-revenue taxation," containing a general revision and repeal of laws imposing both import duties and internal taxes, is in conflict with the true intent and purposes of that clause of the Constitution which requires all bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives"; and that therefore said bill so amended do lie upon the table.

House be and is hereby directed to notify the Senate And be it further resolved, That the Clerk of the of the passage of the foregoing resolution.

On motion of Mr. Haskell, of Kansas, the

following preamble and resolution were substituted and adopted:

Whereas, House bill 5538, entitled "An act to reduce internal revenue taxation, and for other purposes," under the form of an amendment in the Senate, to title 33 of the Revised Statutes, which provides for duties on imports, has been so modified and changed by the introduction of new provisions, containing among other things a general revision of the statutes referred to so as both to increase and reduce and in others to amend the laws imposing import 'duduties on imports, and in many instances to repeal ties; and

Whereas in the opinion of this House it is believed that such changes and alterations are in conflict with the true intent and purpose of the Constitution, which requires that all bills for raising revenue shall originate in the House of Representatives: therefore, Resolved, That if this bill shall be referred to a committee of conference, it shall be the duty of the conferees on the part of the House on said committee to consider fully the constitutional objections to said bill as amended by the Senate herein referred to, and to bring the same, together with the opinion of the House in regard thereto, before said committee of conference, and if necessary, in their opinion, after having conferred with the Senate conferees, said conferees on said committee may make report to the House in regard to the objections to said bill herein referred

to.

The House non-concurred in the Senate amendments to the original bill, and a conference committee was appointed Feb. 27th. Two of the conferees on the part of the Senate, Messrs. Bayard and Beck, asked, March 1st, to be excused from service on learning the nature of the conditions imposed by the House upon its representatives in the conference committee, holding that such instructions were a breach of senatorial privilege. March 2d the report of the conference committee was submitted in the Senate. It was sharply criticised by leading Democrats, but was finally concurred in by the following vote:

YEAS-Aldrich, Allison, Anthony, Blair, Cameron of Wisconsin, Conger, Davis of Illinois, Dawes, Edmunds, Frye, Harrison, Hawley, Hill, Hoar, Ingalls, Jones of Nevada, Kellogg, Lapham, Logan, McDill, McMillan, McPherson, Mahone, Miller of New York, Morrill, Platt, Plumb, Rollins, Sawyer, Sewell, Sherman, Windom-32.

NAYS-Barrow, Bayard, Brown, Butler, Call, Camcron of Pennsylvania, Cockrell, Coke, Fair, Garland, George, Gorman, Groome, Harris, Jackson, Jonus, Jones of Florida, Lamar, Maxey, Morgan, Pendleton, Pugh, Ransom, Saulsbury, Slater, Vance, Van Wyck, Vest, Voorhees, Walker, Williams-31.

ABSENT-Beck, Camden, Davis of West Virginia, Farley, Ferry, Grover, Hale, Hampton, Johnston, Miller of California, Mitchell, Saunders, Tabor-13.

March 3d the report of the conference committee was taken up in the House, and concurred in by the following vote:

YEAS-Aldrich, Anderson, Barr, Belford, Beltzhoover, Bingham, Bisbee, Bliss, Bowman, Brewer, Briggs, Browne, Buck, Julius C. Burrows, Joseph H. Burrows, Butterworth, Calkins, Camp, Candler, Cannon, Carpenter, Caswell, Chace, Crapo, Crowley, Cullen, George R. Davis, Deering, De Motte, Dezendorf, Dingley, Doxey, Dunnell, Dwight, Ermentrout, Charles B. Farwell, Sewell S. Farwell, Fisher, Fulker son, George, Godshalk, Grout, Guenther, Hall, John Hammond, Hardenbergh, Hardy, Harmer, Benjamin W. Harris, Henry S. Harris, Haskell, Hazelton, Heilman, Henderson, Hepburn, Hill, Hiscock, Hitt, Horr, Houk, Hubbs, Humphrey, Jacobs, Jadwin, Phineas Jones, Jorgensen, Joyce, Kasson, Kelley, Ketcham, Klotz, Lacey, Ladd, Lewis, Lindsey, Lord, Lynch, Mackey, Marsh, Mason, McCoid, McCook, James H. McLean, Miles, Moore, Morey, Morse, Mutchler, Neal, Norcross, O'Neill, Pacheco, Page, Parker, Payson, Peele, Peirce, Pettibone, Pound, Randall, Ranney, Ray, Reed, Rich, D. P. Richardson, Ritchie, Robeson, George D. Robinson, Ross, Ryan, Scoville, Scranton, Sessinghaus, Shallenberger, Shelley, Sherwin, Shultz, Skinner, Smalls, A. Herr Smith, Dietrich C. Smith, J. Hyatt Smith, Spaulding, Speer, Spooner. Steele, Stone, Strait,

Thomas, Amos Townsend, Tyler, Updegraff, Valentine, Van Aernam, Van Horn, Van Voorhis, Wadsworth, Wait, Walker, Ward, Washburn, Watson, Webber, West, White, Charles G. Williams, Willits, Wilson, George D. Wise, Morgan R. Wise, Walter A. Wood, Young-152.

NAYS-Aiken, Armfield, Atherton, Atkins, Barbour, Bayne, Beach, Belmont, Berry, Blackburn, Blanchard, Bland, Blount, Bragg, Brumin, Buchanan, Buckner, Cabell, Caldwell, Campbell, Carlisle, Cassidy, Chapman, Clark, Clements, Cobb, Colerick, Converse, John C. Cook, Philip Cook, Covington, Samuel S. Cox, William R. Cox, Culberson, Davidson, Lowndes H. Davis, Dawes, Deuster, Dibrell, Dowd, Dugro, Dunn, Ellis, Errett, Evins, Flower, Ford, Forney, Garrison, Geddes, Gibson, Gunter, N. J. Hammond, Haseltine, Hatch, Herbert, Abram bell, Hutchins, George W. Jones, James K. Jones, S. Hewitt, Hoblitzell, Hoge, Holman, House, HubKenna, King, Knott, Latham, Leedom, Le Fevre, Manning, Martin, Matson, McKenzie, McKinley, Robert M. McLane, McMillin, Miller, Mills, Money, Morrison, Moulton, Muldrow, Murch, Reese, John B. Rice, Theron M. Rice, J. S. Richardson, Robertson, James S. Robinson, William E. Robinson, Rosecrans, Scales, Simonton, Otho R. Singleton, Sparks, Springer, Stockslager, Talbott, Ezra B. Taylor, Joseph D. Taylor, P. B. Thompson, R. W. Townshend, Tucker, Henry G. Turner, Oscar Turner, Upson, Urner, Vance, Warner, Wellborn, Wheeler, Whitthorne, Thomas Williams, Willis116.

Curtain, Darrall, Herndon, G. W. Hewitt, Hooker, NOT VOTING-Black, Clardy, Cornell, Cravens,

McClure, Mosgrove, Nolan, Oates, Paul, Phelps, Phister, Prescott, Reagan, William W. Rice, Russell, James W. Singleton, William G. Thompson, Benjamin Wood-23.

The measure was approved by the President the same day and became a law. It is as follows:

An act to reduce internal revenue taxation and for

other purposes:

tives of the United States in Congress assembled: Be it enacted by the Senate and House of Representa

That the taxes herein specified, imposed by the laws now in force, be and the same are hereby repealed, posits of banks, bankers, and national banking assoas hereinafter provided, namely: On capital and deciations, except such taxes as are now due and payable; and on and after the first day of July, eighteen hundred and eighty-three, the stamp tax on bank checks, drafts, orders, and vouchers, and the tax on matches, perfumery, medicinal preparations, and other articles imposed by Schedule A following section thirty-four hundred and thirty-seven of the Revised Statutes: Provided, That no drawback shall be allowed upon articles embraced in said schedule that shall be exported on and after the first day of July, eighteen hundred and eighty-three: Provided, further, That on and after May fifteenth, eighteen hundred and eighty-three, matches may be removed by manufacturers thereof from the place of manufacture to warehouses within the United States without attaching thereto the stamps required by law, under such regulations as may be prescribed by the Commissioner of Internal Revenue.

SEC. 2. That on and after the first day of May, eighteen hundred and eighty-three, dealers in leaftobacco shall annually pay twelve dollars; dealers in manufactured tobacco shall pay two dollars and forty cents; all manufacturers of tobacco shall pay six dollars; manufacturers of cigars shall pay six dollars; peddlers of tobacco, snuff and cigars shall pay special taxes as follows: Peddlers of the first class, as now defined by law, shall pay thirty dollars; peddlers of the second class shall pay fifteen dollars; peddlers of the third class shall pay seven dollars and twenty cents; and peddlers of the fourth class shall pay

three dollars and sixty cents. Retail dealers in leaftobacco shall pay two hundred and fifty dollars, and thirty cents for each dollar on the amount of their monthly sales in excess of the rate of five hundred dollars per annum: Provided, That farmers and producers of tobacco may sell at the place of production tobacco of their own growth and raising at retail directly to consumers, to an amount not exceeding one hundred dollars annually.

SEC. 3. That hereafter the special tax of a dealer in manufactured tobacco shall not be required from any farmer, planter, or lumberman who furnishes such tobacco only as rations or supplies to his laborers or employés in the same manner as other supplies are furnished by him to them: Provided, That the aggregate of the supplies of tobacco so by him furnished shall not exceed in quantity one hundred pounds in any one special tax year; that is, from the first day of May in any year until the thirtieth day of April in the next year: And provided further, That such farmer, planter, or lumberman shall not be, at the time he is furnishing such supplies, engaged in the general business of selling dry goods, groceries, or other similar supplies in the manner of a merchant or storekeeper to others than his own employés or laborers.

SEC. 4. That on and after May first, eighteen hundred and eighty-three, the internal taxes on snuff, smoking and manufactured tobacco, shall be eight cents per pound; and on cigars which shall be manufactured and sold or removed for consumption or sale on and after the first day of May, eighteen hundred and eighty-three, there shall be assessed and collected the following taxes, to be paid by the manufacturer thereof: On cigars of all descriptions, made of tobacco or any substitute therefor, three dollars per thousand; on cigarettes weighing not more than three pounds per thousand, fifty cents per thousand; on cigarettes weighing more than three pounds per thousand, three dollars per thousand: Provided, That on all original and unbroken factory packages of smoking and manufactured tobacco and snuff, cigars, cheroots, and cigarettes held by manufacturers or dealers at the time such reduction shall go into effect, upon which the tax has been paid, there shall be allowed a drawback or rebate of the full amount of the reduction, but the same shall not apply in any case where the claim has not been presented within sixty days following the date of the reduction; and such rebate to manufacturers may be paid in stamps at the reduced rate; and no claim shall be allowed or drawback paid for a less amount than ten dollars. It shall be the duty of the Commissioner of Internal Revenue, with the approval of the Secretary of the Treasury, to adopt such rules and regulations and to prescribe and furnish such blanks and forms as may be necessary to carry this section into effect.

SEC. 5. That from and after the passage of this act every manufacturer of tobacco or snuff shall, in addition to all other requirements of law, print on each package, or securely affix by pasting on each package containing tobacco or snuff manufactured by or for him, a label on which shall be printed the number of the manufactory, the district and State in which it is situated, and these words:

tobacco again.

representation, figure, or image on or of paper or other material, or any cast, instrument, or other article of an immoral nature, or any drug or medicine, or any article whatever, for the prevention of conception, or for causing unlawful abortion. No invoice or package whatever, or any part of one, in which any such articles are contained shall be admitted to entry; and all invoices and packages whereof any such articles shall compose a part are liable to be proceeded against, seized, and forfeited by due course of law. All such prohibited articles in the course of importation shall be detained by the officer of customs, and proceedings taken against the same as prescribed in the following section: Provided, That the drugs herein before mentioned, when imported in bulk and not put up for any of the purposes hereinbefore specified, are excepted from the operation of this section.

SEC. 2492. Whoever, being an officer, agent, or employé of the Government of the United States, shall knowingly aid or abet any person engaged in any violation of any of the provisions of law prohibiting importing, advertising, dealing in, exhibiting, or sending or receiving by mail obscene or indecent publications or representations, or means for preventing conception or procuring abortion, or other articles of indecent or immoral use or tendency, shall be deemed guilty of a misdemeanor, and shall for every offense be punishable by a fine of not more than five thousand dollars or by imprisonment at hard labor for not more than ten years, or both.

SEC. 2493. Any judge of any district or circuit court of the United States, within the proper district, before whom complaint in writing of any violation of the preceding sections is made, to the satisfaction of such judge, and founded on knowledge or belief, and, if upon belief, setting forth the grounds of such belief, and supported by oath or affirmation of the complainant, may issue, conformably to the Constitution, a warrant directed to the marshal, or any deputy-marshal, in the proper district, directing him to search for, seize, and take possession of any such article or thing hereinbefore mentioned, and to make due and immediate return thereof, to the end that the same may be condemned and destroyed by proceedings which shall be conducted in the same manner as other proceedings in the case of municipal seizure, and with the same right of appeal or writ of error.

SEO. 2494. The importation of neat cattle and the hides of neat cattle from any foreign country into the United States is prohibited: Provided, That the operation of this section shall be suspended as to any foreign country or countries, or any parts of such country or countries, whenever the Secretary of the Treasury shall officially determine, and give public notice thereof, that such importation will not tend to the introduction or spread of contagious or infectious diseases among the cattle of the United States; and the Secretary of the Treasury is hereby authorized and empowered, and it shall be his duty, to make all necessary orders and regulations to carry this law into effect, or to suspend the same as therein provided, and to send copies thereof to the proper officers in the United States, and to such officers or agents of the United States in foreign countries as he shall judge necessary.

SEC. 2495. Any person convicted of a willful violation of any of the provisions of the preceding section shall be fined not exceeding five hundred dollars, or imprisoned not exceeding one year, or both, in the

discretion of the court.

SEC. 2496. No watches, watch-cases, watch-movements, or parts of watch-movements, or any other articles of foreign manufacture, which shall copy or

TITLE XXXIII.

DUTIES UPON IMPORTS.

SEC. 2491. All persons are prohibited from importing into the United States from any foreign country, any obscene book, pamphlet, paper, writing, advertisement, circular, print, picture, drawing, or other

ufacturer, shall be admitted to entry at the customhouses of the United States, unless such domestic manufacturer is the importer of the same. And in order to aid the officers of the customs in enforcing this prohibition, any domestic manufacturer who has adopted trade-marks may require his name and residence and a description of his trade-marks to be re

corded in books which shall be kept for that purpose in the Department of the Treasury, under such regulations as the Secretary of the Treasury shall prescribe, and may furnish to the department fac-similes of such trade-marks; and thereupon the Secretary of the Treasury shall cause one or more copies of the same to be transmitted to each collector or other proper officer of the customs.

SEC. 2497. No goods, wares, or merchandise, unless in cases provided for by treaty, shall be imported into the United States from any foreign port or place, except in vessels of the United States, or in such foreign vessels as truly and wholly belong to the citizens or subjects of that country of which the goods are the growth, production, or manufacture; or from which such goods, wares, or merchandise can only be, or inost usually are, first shipped for transportation. All goods, wares, or merchandise imported contrary to this section, and the vessel wherein the same shall be imported, together with her cargo, tackle, apparel, and furniture, shall be forfeited to the United States; and such goods, wares, or merchandise, ship, or vessel, and cargo shall be liable to be seized, prosecuted, and condemned, in like manner, and under the same regulations, restrictions, and provisions, as have been heretofore established for the recovery, collection, distribution, and remission of forfeitures to the United States by the several revenue laws.

SEC. 2498. The preceding section shall not apply to vessels, or goods, wares, or merchandise, imported in vessels of a foreign nation which does not maintain a similar regulation against vessels of the United States.

SEC. 2499. There shall be levied, collected, and paid on each and every non-enumerated article which bears a similitude, either in material, quality, texture, or the use to which it may be applied, to any article enumerated in this title as chargeable with duty, the same rate of duty which is levied and charged on the enumerated article which it most resembles in any of the particulars before mentioned; and if any nonenumerated article equally resembles two or more enumerated articles on which different rates are chargeable, there shall be levied, collected, and paid on such non-enumerated article the same rate of duty as is chargeable on the article which it resembles paying the highest duty; and on all articles manufactured from two or more materials the duty shall be assessed at the highest rates at which the component material of chief value may be chargeable. If two or more rates of duty should be applicable to any imported article, it shall be classified for duty under the highest of such rates: Provided, That non-enumerated articles similar in material and quality and texture, and the use to which they may be applied, to articles on the free list, and in the manufacture of which no dutiable materials are used, shall be free.

SEC. 2500. Upon the reimportation of articles once exported of the growth, product, or manufacture of the United States, upon which no internal tax has been assessed or paid, or upon which such tax has been paid and refunded by allowance or drawback, there shall be levied, collected, and paid a duty equal to the tax imposed by the internal-revenue laws upon such articles.

SEC. 2501. A discriminating duty of ten per centum ad valorem, in addition to the duties imposed by law, shall be levied, collected, and paid on all goods, wares, and merchandise which shall be imported on vessels not of the United States; but this discriminating duty shall not apply to goods, wares, and merchandise which shall be imported in vessels not of the United States, entitled, by treaty or any act of Congress, to be entered in the ports of the United States on payment of the same duties as shall then be paid on goods, wares, and merchandise imported in vessels of the United States.

SEC. 2502. There shall be levied, collected, and paid upon all articles imported from foreign countries, and mentioned in the schedules herein contained, the rates

of duty which are, by the schedules, respectively prescribed, namely:

SCHEDULE A.-CHEMICAL PRODUCTS.

Glue, twenty per centum ad valorem. Beeswax, twenty per centum ad valorem. Gelatine and all similar preparations, thirty per centum ad valorem.

Glycerine, crude, brown or yellow, of the specific gravity of one and twenty-five hundredths or less at a temperature of sixty degrees Fahrenheit, not purified by refining or distilling, two cents per pound. Glycerine, refined, five cents per pound.

Fish-glue or isinglass, twenty-five per centum ad valorem.

Phosphorus, ten cents per pound.

Soap, hard and soft, all which are not otherwise specially enumerated or provided for in this act, and castile soap, twenty per centum ad valorem. Fancy, perfumed, and all descriptions of toilet soap, fifteen cents per pound.

Sponges, twenty per centum ad valorem. Sumac, ground, three tenths of one cent per pound, and sumac extract, twenty per centum ad valorem. Acid, acetic, acetous, or pyroligneous acid, not exceeding the specific gravity of one and forty-seven one thousandths, two cents per pound; exceeding the specific gravity of one and forty-seven one thousandths, ten cents per pound.

Acid, cítric, ten cents per pound.
Acid, tartaric, ten cents per pound.

Camphor, refined, five cents per pound.

Castor beans, or seeds, fifty cents per bushel of fifty pounds.

Castor-oil, eighty cents per gallon.

Cream of tartar, six cents per pound. Dextrine, burnt starch, gum substitute, or British gum, one cent per pound.

Extract of hemlock, and other bark used for tanning, not otherwise enumerated or provided for in this act, twenty per centum ad valorem. Glucose, or grape-sugar, twenty per centum ad valorem.

Indigo, extracts of, and carmined, ten per centum ad valorem.

Iodine, resublimed, forty cents per pound. Licorice, paste or roll, seven and one half cents per pound; licorice-juice, three cents per pound. Oil of bay-leaves, essential, or bay rum essence or oil, two dollars and fifty cents per pound.

Oil, croton, fifty cents per pound.

Oil, flaxseed or linseed, and cotton-seed oil, twentyfive cents per gallon; seven and one half pounds weight to be estimated as a gallon.

Hemp-seed oil and rape-seed oil, ten cents per gallon. Soda and potassa, tartrate, or rochelle salt, three cents per pound.

Strychnia, or strychnine, and all salts thereof, fifty cents per ounce.

Tartars, partly refined, including lees crystals, four cents per pound.

Alumina, alum, patent alum, alum substitute, sulphate of alumina, and aluminous cake, and alum in crystals or ground, sixty cents per hundred pounds. Ammonia, anhydrous, liquefied by pressure, twenty per centum ad valorem.

Ammonia aqua, or water of ammonia, twenty per centum ad valorem.

Ammonia, muriate of, or sal-ammoniac, ten per centum ad valorem.

Ammonia, carbonate of, twenty per centum ad va

lorem.

Ammonia, sulphate of, twenty per centum ad valorem.

All imitations of natural mineral waters and all artificial mineral waters, thirty per centum ad valorem. Asbestus, manufactured, twenty-five per centum ad valorem.

Baryta, sulphate of, or barytes, unmanufactured, ten per centum ad valorem.