MALACISSANT [Probably from Gr. malakos, soft, and dendron, a tree, though the spelling rather recalls malache, a mallow.] A genus of plants, nat. order Sterculiacere, now united with Stuartia. The M. ovatum, a native of America, is a fine ornamental plant, with large cream-coloured blossoms. Malacissant + (mal-a-sis'sant), a. [L. malacissans, malacissantis, ppr. of malacisso= Gr. malakizo, to make soft.] Making soft or tender; relaxing. Malacissation † (mal'a-sis-sä"shon), n. The act or process of making soft or supple. This malacissation, or suppling of the body.' Bacon. Malacoderm (mal'a-kō-dérm), n. An individual of the Malacodermi. Malacodermata (mal'a-kō-dér"ma-ta), n.pl. [Gr. malakos, soft, and derma, skin.1 1. A tribe of serricorn beetles, including those with a soft and flexible body, as the glowworm.-2. A group of Actinozoa, of which the sea-anemone is the type, whose body walls contain no continuous skeleton. Malacolite (mal'a-kol-it), n. [Gr. malache, amallow, and lithos, a stone, from its colour.] Another name for Diopside, a variety of pyroxene or augite containing little or no alumina. Malacologist (mal-a-kol'o-jist), n. One versed in the science of malacology. Malacology (mal-a-kol ́o-ji), n. [Gr. malakos, soft, and logos, discourse.] The science of molluscous or soft-bodied animals, including the knowledge of such animals, whether protected by shells or entirely naked, and their distribution into classes, sub-classes, orders, families, genera, and species. Malacopteri (mal-a-kop'tèr-i), n. pl. Same as Malacopterygii. Malacopterygian (mal-a-kop'tėr-ij”i-an), n. An individual of the Malacopterygii. Malacopterygii (mal-a-kop'tér-ij''i-i), n. pl. [Gr. malakos, soft, and pterygion, a fin, a little wing, from pteryx, a wing.] That order of osseous fishes, the species of which are distinguished by all the rays of the fins being soft, exhibiting minute articulations, and often divided into small fibres at their extremities. They are divided into Fin of Malacopterygian. three sections, Abdominales, Sub-brachiales, and Apodes, according to the relative position of the pectoral and the ventral fins. The Abdominales have the ventrals posterior to the pectorals, as in the carp, salmon, pike, and herring families; the Sub-brachiales or Jugulares have the ventrals below or before the pectorals, as in the cod and flat-fish families; the Ápodes are destitute of ventral fins, as the eels. Later naturalists have constituted a portion of them into an order, Anacanthi, corresponding nearly to the Subbrachiales, and having the swim-bladder closed Malacopterygious, Malacopterygian (mal-a-kop'ter-ij"i-us, mal-a-koptér-ij"i-an), a. Belonging to the order Malacopterygii, or possessing their peculiar characters; having soft fin-rays not pointed at the extremities: applied to certain fishes. Malacosteon (mal-a-kos'tē-on), n. [Gr. malakos, soft, and osteon, a bone.] In med. a disease of the bones, in consequence of which they become softened and capable of being bent without breaking. Malacostomous (mal-a-kos' tom - us), a. [Gr. malakos, soft, and stoma, mouth. ] Having soft jaws without teeth, as certain fishes. Malacostraca (mal-a-kos'tra-ka), n. pl. [Gr. malakos, soft, and ostrakon, a shell.] The higher division of the Crustacea, as recognized by Aristotle and after him Latreille. It includes the shrimps, lobsters, crabs, &c., together with the wood-lice and sand-hoppers. Malacostracan (mal-a-kos'tra-kan), n. An individual of the Malacostraca. Malacostracan, Malacostracous (mal-akos'tra-kan, mal-a-kos'tra-kus), a. Of or pertaining to the Malacostraca. Malacostracology (mal-a-kos'tra-kol"o-ji), 105 n. [Gr. malakos, soft, ostrakon, shell, and logos, discourse.] The branch of zoology which relates to the crustaceans. Called also Crustaceology. Maladjustment (mal-ad-just 'ment), n. [Prefix mal, bad, and adjustment.] An evil or wrong adjustment. Maladministration (mal-ad-min'is-tra"shon), n. [Prefix mal, bad, and administration.] Faulty administration; bad management of public affairs; vicious or defective conduct in administration or the performance of official duties, particularly of executive and ministerial duties prescribed by law; as, the maladministration of a king, or of any chief magistrate. Maladroit (mal-a-droit'), a. [Fr., from mal, bad, and adroit (which see).] Not adroit or dexterous; clumsy; awkward; unhandy. Maladroitly (mal-a-droit'li), adv. In a maladroit manner; clumsily; awkwardly. Maladroitness (mal-a-droit'nes), n. quality of being maladroit; clumsiness; awkwardness. The Malady (mal'a-di), n. [Fr. maladie, from malade, O. Fr. malabde, Pr. malapte, ill, from L. male habitus, in bad condition. See HABIT.] 1. Any sickness or disease of the human body; any distemper, disorder, or indisposition proceeding from impaired, defective, or morbid organic functions; more particularly, a lingering or deep-seated disorder or indisposition. The maladies of the body may prove medicines to the mind. Buckminster. 2. Moral disorder, or corruption of moral principles; disorder of the understanding or mind; as, a moral malady; a mental malady. Mala fides (mā'la fi'dēz), n. [L.] Bad faith. -Mala fide, with bad faith; deceitfully; treacherously. In Scots law, a mala fide possessor is a person who possesses a subject not his own upon a title which he knows to be bad, or which he has reasonable ground for believing to be so. It is opposed to bona fide. Malaga (mal'a-ga), n. A species of wine imported from Malaga in Spain. Malaguetta-pepper (mal-a-gwet'a-pep'ér), n. The seeds of Amomum Meleguetta, plants of the nat. order Zingiberaceæ. See GRAINS OF PARADISE. Malaise (mal-az), n. [Fr.] An indefinite feeling of uneasiness, often a preliminary symptom of a serious malady. He suffers from a torpid state of the intellect, a mental malaise unfitting him for any kind or degree of cerebral work. Dr. Forbes Winslow. Malakanes (mal-a-kā'nēz). Same as Molokani. The Malambo-bark (ma-lam'bō-bärk), n. bark of some species of Galipea, tropical American shrubs of the nat. order Rutaceæ, used as a substitute for cinchona. Malanders (mal'an-dérz), n. [Fr. malandres, from L. malandria, blisters or pustules on the neck, especially of horses.] In farriery, a dry scab or scurfy eruption on the hock of a horse or at the bend of the knee. Malapert (mal'a-pért), a. [O. E. and O. Fr. malappert, ready to a fault, over-readyprefix mal, badly, and O. Fr. appert, ready, prompt, free, from L. apertus, open, from aperio, to open. See PERT.] Having pertness or impudence; saucy; quick; impudent; bold; forward. Untutor'd lad, thou art too malapert. Malapert (mal'a-pért), n. person. Shak. The A pert, saucy Malapertly (mal'a-pèrt-li), adv. In a malapert manner; saucily; with impudence. Malapertness (mal'a-pèrt-nes), n. quality of being malapert; sauciness; impudent pertness or forwardness. Not boldness, but malapertness.' Fotherby. Malapropism (mal'a-prop-izm), n. [From Mrs. Malaprop (see MALAPROPOS), the name of a character in Sheridan's play of The Rivals, noted for her blunders in the use of words.] 1. The act or habit of misapplying fine words through an ambition to use fine language.-2. A word so misapplied. The Fieldhead estate and the de Walden estate were delightfully contagious-a malapropism which rumour had not failed to repeat to C. Bronté. Shirley Malapropos (mal-ap'ro-po"), adv. [Prefix mal, badly, and apropos (which see).] Ill to the purpose; unseasonably; unsuitably. The French afford you as much variety on the same day; but they do it not so unseasonably, or malap ropos, as we. Dryden. MALE Malapterurus (ma-lap'te-rū"rus), n. [Gr. malakos, soft, pteron, a wing, fin, and oura, a tail.] A genus of small malacopterygious fishes belonging to the section Abdominales and family Siluridæ, possessed of a high degree of electrical power. A fish only 2 inches long has been found to give a man a shock which reached to his shoulder. M. electricus is a native of the Nile, and has been long known. Malar (málér), a. [From L. mala, the cheekbone, the jaw, from mando, to chew. Comp. L. scala, a ladder, from scando, to climb.] Of or pertaining to the cheek or the cheekbone. Malar (ma'lér), n. In anat. the bone which gives prominence to the cheek; the cheekbone. Malaria (ma-lā'ri-a), n. [It. mala aria, bad air, from L. malus, bad, and aer, air.] Bad air; air tainted by deleterious emanation from animal or vegetable matter; especially, the exhalation of marshy districts which produces intermittent fevers; miasma. Malarial (ma-la'ri-al), a. Same as Malarian. Malarian, Malarious (ma-la'ri-an, ma-la'ri-us), a. Pertaining to or infected by malaria. A dismal hostel in a dismal land, A flat malarian world of reed and rush. Tennyson. Mal-assimilation (mal'as-sim'il-ā"shon), n. In pathol. imperfect or morbid assimilation or nutrition; faulty digestion, conversion, and appropriation of nutriment; cacochymia, Malate (malat), n. [L. malum, an apple.] A salt of malic acid. Malax, Malaxate (mal'aks, ma-laks'at), v.t. [L. malaxo, malaxatum, from Gr. malasso, to soften.] To soften; to knead to softness. Malaxation (mal-aks-ā'shon), n. The act of malaxating or moistening and softening; the act of forming ingredients into a mass for pills or plasters. [Rare.] Malaxis (ma-laks'is), n. [Gr., a softening, from malasso, to soften-in allusion to the texture of the species.] A genus of plants, nat. order Orchidaceæ, consisting of one species, M. paludosa (the bog-orchis), found in Britain. It is a perennial, growing in boggy places, and has small and insignificant greenish-yellow flowers in a slender raceme. It occurs in Britain, throughout Northern Europe, and Asia. Malay (ma-la'), n. 1. A native of Malacca or of the Malay Peninsula and the adjacent islands.-2. The language of the Malays. Malay (ma-lā'), a. Belonging or relating to the Malays or to their country. Malay race, one of the five principal divisions of mankind according to Blumenbach. In this division the summit of the head is slightly narrowed, the forehead a little projecting; the nose thick, wide, and flattened; the mouth large; the upper jaw projecting; the hair black, soft, thick, and curled. Malayan (ma-la'yan), a. Relating to Malacca or the Malay Peninsula, or to the people called Malays. Ran a Malayan muck against the times. Tennyson. Malayan (ma-la'yan), n. 1. A native of Malacca or the Malay Peninsula. 2. The Malay language. Malconformation (mal'kon-form-a"shon), n. [Prefix mal, bad, and conformation.] Iniperfect or abnormal formation; disproportion of parts. Malcontent (mal'kon-tent), n. [Prefix mal, bad or badly, and content.] A discontented person; specifically, a discontented subject of government; one who murmurs at the laws and administration, or who manifests his uneasiness by overt acts, as in sedition or insurrection. Malcontent, Malcontented (mal'kon-tent, mal'kon-tent-ed), a. Discontented with the laws or the administration of government; uneasy; discontented. The famous malcontent earl of Leicester. Milner. Malcontentedly (mal'kon-tent-ed-li), adv. In a malcontented manner; with discontent. Malcontentedness (mal'kon-tent-ed-nes), n. The state or quality of being malcontented; discontentedness with the government; dissatisfaction; want of attachment to the government, manifested by overt acts. They would ascribe the laying down my paper to a spirit of malcontentedness. Spectator. Male (mål), a. [Fr. mâle, O. Fr. masle, L. masculus, male, masculine, dim. of mas, a male.] 1. Pertaining to the sex that pro MALE creates young, as distinguished from the female, which conceives and gives birth; masculine; as, a male child; a male beast, fish, or fowl. I would make it death For any male thing but to peep at us. Tennyson. 2. In bot. having fecundating organs, but not fruit-bearing; as, a male plant.-3. Possessing some quality or attribute considered as characteristic of males; hence, excellent; superior; best. [Rare.] May virgins, when they come to mourn, -Male rhymes, rhymes in which only the final syllables correspond; as, disdain, complain.-Male screw, the screw whose threads enter the grooves or channels of the corre sponding or female screw.-Male system, in bot. the part of a plant which belongs to and includes the fecundating organs. Male (mål), n. 1. Among animals, one of the sex whose office is to beget young; a heanimal. 2. In bot. a plant or part of a plant which bears the fecundating organs. Male,+ n. [See MAIL.] A budget or portmanteau. Chaucer. Malet (mäl), a. Bad; evil; wicked. Marston. Maleadministration (mal-ad-min'is-tra"shon), n. Maladministration. When a prince was laid aside for maleadministration.' Swift. Maleconformation+ (mal'kon-form-a"shon), n. Malconformation. Malecontent (mal'kon-tent), n. Malcontent. Shak. Thou art the Mars of malecontents. The malecontents, indeed, loudly asserted that there would be no peace. Macaulay. Malecontent, Malecontented (mal'kontent, mal'kon-tent-ed); a. Same as Malcontent, Malcontented. Maledicency (mal-e-di'sen-si), n. The quality or practice of being maledicent; evil speaking; reproachful language; proneness to reproach. [Rare.] We are now to have a taste of the maledicency of Luther in his book against Henry the Eighth. Atterbury. Maledicent (mal-e-di'sent), a. [L. maledicens, maledicentis, ppr. of maledico, to speak ill-male, ill, and dico, to say, to speak.] Speaking reproachfully; slanderous. [Rare.] So furious, so maledicent, and so slovenly spirits.' Sir E. Sandys. Maledict (mal-e-dikt), v.t. [L. maledico. See MALEDICENT.] To address with maledictions; to curse. Malediction (mal-e-dik'shon), n. [L. maledictio, maledictionis-male, evil, and dico, to speak.] Evil speaking; a cursing; curse or execration. My name perhaps among the circumcised Milton. SYN. Cursing, curse, execration, imprecation, anathema. Malefaction (mal-e-fak'shon), n. [L. malefactio, from male, evil, and facio, to do.] A criminal deed; a crime; an offence against the laws. [Rare.] They have proclaimed their malefactions. Shak. Malefactor (mal-e-fak'tér), n. [L., evildoer-male, ill, and facio, to do.] One who commits a crime; one guilty of violating the laws in such a manner as to subject him to public prosecution and punishment, particularly to capital punishment; a criminal. And there were also two other, malefactors, led with him to be put to death. Luke xxiii. 32. SYN. Evil-doer, criminal, culprit, felon, convict. Malefeasance (mal-fe' zans), n. Same as Malfeasance. Male-fern (māl'fėrn), n. The Nephrodium or Lastrea Filix-mas, a common British fern. Its rhizome and root-stalk possess powerful anthelmintic properties. Malefic (ma-lef'ik), a. [L. maleficus, that does ill-male, ill, and facio, to do.] Doing mischief. Maleficet (mal'e-fis), n. [Fr. malefice, L. maleficium. See MALEFIC.] An evil deed; artifice; enchantment. 106 Maleficiate (mal-e-fi ́shi-ât), v. t. [L.L. maleficiare, from L. maleficium.] To bewitch. Every person that comes near him is maleficiated; every creature all intent to hurt him, seek his ruin. Burton. Maleficiation+ (mal-e-fi' shi-ā "shon), n. A bewitching. Irremediable impotency whether by way of perpetual maleficiation or casualty. Bp. Hall. Maleficiencet (mal-e-fi'shens), n. Maleficence (which see). Maleficient (mal-e-fl'shent), a. Maleficent (which see). Maleformation† (mal-form-a'shon), n. Malformation. Malengin. Same as Malengine. Spenser. Malengine (mal-en-jin'), n. [O. Fr. malengin, fraud, guile, from L. malus, bad, and ingenium, natural disposition.] Guile; de ceit. Maleposition (mal-pō-zi'shon), n. Same as Malposition. Same as Malepractice † (mal-prak'tis), n. Malpractice. Malesherbiaceae (mal-zèrb'i-ã"sē-ē), n. pl. [After M. De Malesherbes, an illustrious French agriculturist.] Crownworts, a small group of dicotyledonous herbs or halfshrubby plants, now united with Passifloracere, found in Chili and Peru. Malesont (mal'e-zn), n. [See MALISON.] A curse; malediction. Male-spirited (mal-spir'it-ed), a. masculine, and spirited.] Having the spirit of a man; masculine; bold; vigorous; manly; high-minded. That male-spirited dame.' B. Jonson. [Male, Malesworn, Malswornt (mal'swörn), a. [Prefix male, mal, badly, and sworn, pp. of swear.] Forsworn. Malett (mal'et), n. [Fr. mallette, dim. of malle, a sack. See MAIL] A little bag or budget; a portmanteau. Male-talent, tn. [Prefix male, mal, bad, and talent (which see).] Ill-will. Chaucer. Maletolt, n. [Norm. and O. Fr., from L. male, badly, and L.L. tollita, a participle formed from L. tollo, to raise; Fr. maletőte, an exaction.] An illegal exaction, toll, or imposition. First applied to the exaction levied under Philip le Bel in 1290 for his war against the English. Hence several remonstrances from the commons under Edward III. against the maletolts or unjust exactions upon wool. Hallam. Maletreat (mal'trēt), v.t. Same as Maltreat. Same Maletreatment (mal-trēt'ment), n. Malevolence (ma-lev'ō-lens), n. as Maltreatment. The quality of being malevolent; ill-will; personal hatred; evil disposition toward' another; enmity of heart; inclination to injure others. It expresses less than malignity. The malevolence towards those who excel.' Spectator. Malevolent (ma-lev'ō-lent), a. [L. malevolens, malevolentis-male, ill, and volens, ppr. of volo, to be willing or disposed.] Having an evil disposition toward another or others; wishing evil to others; ill disposed or disposed to injure others; rejoicing in another's misfortune; malicious; hostile. In a Our malevolent stars have struggled hard, And held us long asunder. Dryden. SYN. Ill-disposed, envious, mischievous, evil-minded, spiteful, resentful, malicious, malignant, rancorous. Malevolently (ma-lev'ō-lent-li), adv. malevolent manner; with ill-will or enmity; with the wish or design to injure. Malevoloust (ma-lev'ō-lus), a. [L. malevolus, ill-disposed-male, badly, ill, and volo, to wish.] Malevolent. Malevolous critics.' Warburton. Malexecution (mal'ek-se-ku"shon), n. [Prefix mal, bad, and execution.] Evil or wrong execution; bad administration. D. Webster. Malfeasance (mal-fe'zans), n. [Fr. malfaisance, from malfaire, to do evil-mal, ill, and faire, L. facere, to do.] In law, the doing of an act which a person ought not to do; evil doing; wrong; illegal deed. Malformation (mal-form-a'shon), n. [Prefix mal, bad, and formation.] Ill or wrong formation; irregular or anomalous formation or structure of parts; a deviation from the normal form or structure of an organ. MALICIOUSLY Malgracious+ (mal-gra'shus), a. [Prefix mal, badly, and gracious.] Ungracious; ungraceful His figure, Gower Both of visage and of stature, Is lothly and malgracious. Malgre, Maulgre,t adv. [See MAUGRE.] In spite of; maugre. Malic (ma'lik), a. [L. malum, an apple.] Pertaining to apples; obtained from the juice of apples.-Malic acid (CHO), a bibasic acid found in many fruits, particularly in the apple, hence the name. It is most easily obtained from the fruit of Pyrus Aucuparia (mountain-ash or rowan-tree), immediately after it has turned red, but while still unripe. It is very soluble in water, and has a pleasant acid taste. Malice (mal'is), n. [Fr. malice, L. malitia, from malus, evil; cog. Gr. melas, black; Skr. mála, filth; Ir. maile, evil; Corn. malan, the devil.] 1. Enmity of heart; a disposition to injure others without cause, from mere personal gratification,or from a spirit of revenge; unprovoked malignity or spite; ill-will. Speak of me as I am; nothing extenuate Nor set down aught in malice. Shak. 2. In law, a formed design or intention of doing mischief to another, called also malice prepense or aforethought. It is express when the formed design is evidenced by certain circumstances, discovering such intention; and implied when the act is done in such a deliberate manner that the law presumes malice, though no particular enmity can be proved. 3. A malicious per son. Hag-seed, hence! Fetch us in fuel; and be quick, thou 'rt best, To answer other business. Shrugg'st thou, malice! Shak. SYN. Ill-will, malevolence, enmity, hate, spite, bitterness, malignity, maliciousness, rancour.- Malice, Malevolence, Malignity. Malice is a deeper and more abiding feeling than malevolence, more characteristic of the disposition of a person, and more likely to make itself seen in action. Malevolence is of a more casual and temporary character, and may often be excited by real or fancied wrongs; it is rather characterized by the desire that evil should happen to another than with an intention to bring it about. Malignity is the spirit of malice intensified, a disposition to bring about evil and mischief from an innate love of doing harm to others. Malice (mal'is), v.t. To regard with extreme ill-will; to bear extreme ill-will to. Offending none, and doing good to all, Yet being malic'd both of great and small. Spenser. Malicho, Mallechot (mal-ich'ō, mal-ech'ō), n. [Sp. malhecho, an evil action, mischiefmal, ill, and hecho, a deed, from L. facio, to do.] Mischief; wickedness. 2. Proceeding from extreme hatred or illwill; dictated by malice; as, a malicious report.-Malicious abandonment, in law, the desertion of a spouse without just cause.Malicious mischief, in law, the committing of an injury to public or private property, not for the purposes of theft, but from sheer wantonness or malice. This offence is punishable with great severity. In some instances it is a felony, in others a misdemeanour; punishable in some on summary conviction. Intent is the material ingredient in offences of this nature, but as the law presumes malice in the very commission of the act, it lies on the party indicted to rebut the presumption of malice or sufficiently explain the act.-Malicious prosecution, a prosecution preferred maliciously without reasonable cause. From want of probable cause malice may be inferred.-SYN. Ill-disposed, evil-minded, mischievous, malevolent, spiteful, resentful, bitter, malignant, MALICIOUSNESS Maliciousness (ma-li'shus-nes), n. The quality of being malicious; extreme enmity or disposition to injure; malignity. Maliferous (ma-lif'ér-us), a. [L. malum, evil, and fero, to bear.] Bringing evil; unwholesome; pestilential. The maliferous climate of China.' W. H. Russell. [Rare.] Malign (ma-lin'), a. [L. malignus for maligenus, of an evil nature-malus, bad, and genus, kind. (See MALICE.) Comp. benign, with exactly the opposite sense.] 1. Having a very evil disposition towards others; harbouring violent hatred or enmity; malicious. Witchcraft may be by operation of malign spirits. Bacon. 2. Unfavourable; unpropitious; pernicious; tending to injure. Two planets, rushing from aspect malign Of fiercest opposition. Milton. 3. Malignant. Malign ulcers.' Bacon. Malign (ma-lin'), v. t. 1. To regard with envy or malice; to treat with extreme enmity; to injure maliciously. The people practise what mischiefs and villanies they will against private men, whom they malign, by stealing their goods, or murdering them. Spenser. 2. To speak evil of; to traduce; to defame; to vilify. To be envied and shot at, to be maligned standing, and to be despised falling. South. Malign (ma-lin'), v. i. To entertain malice. This odious fool... maligning that anything should be spoke or understood above his own genuine baseness. Milton. Malignance (ma-lig'nans), n. Same as Malignancy. Malignancy (ma-ligʼnan-si), n. The quality of being malignant: (a) extreme malevolence; bitter enmity; malice; as, malignancy of heart. (b) Unfavourableness; unpropitiousness; as, the malignancy of the aspect of planets. The malignancy of my fate might perhaps distemper yours. Shak. (e) In med. virulence; tendency to mortification or to a fatal issue; as, the malignancy of an ulcer or of a fever. Malignant (ma-lig'nant), a. [L. malignans, malignantis, from maligno, to act maliciously, from malignus, of an evil nature. See MALIGN, a.] 1. Disposed to harm, inflict suffering, or cause distress; having extreme malevolence or enmity; virulently inimical; malicious; as, a malignant heart.-2. Unpropitious; exerting pernicious influence. Malignant and ill-boding stars.' Shak.3. Tending to produce death; threatening a fatal issue; virulent; as, a malignant ulcer; a malignant fever.-4. Extremely heinous; as, the malignant nature of sin.-SYN. Malicious, malevolent, bitter, rancorous, spiteful, resentful, envious, malign. Malignant (ma-lig'nant), n. A man of extreme enmity or evil intentions; specifically, in English history, one of the adherents of Charles I. and his son in their struggle against the Parliament; a Royalist; a Cavalier: so called by the Roundheads or opposite party. Hudibras. How will dissenting brethren relish it? What will malignants say? Malignantly (ma-ligʻnant-li), adv. In a malignant manner; maliciously; with extreme malevolence; with pernicious influence. Maligner (ma-lin'ér), n. One who maligns, or regards, or treats another with enmity; a traducer; a defamer. I thought it necessary to justify my character in point of cleanliness, which my maligners call in Swift. question. Malignify (ma-lig'ni-fi), v.t. To render malign or malignant. [Rare.] Dreadful are the effects of a strong faith maligni'fied. Southey. Malignity (ma-ligʻni-ti), n. [L. malignitas, from malignus, of an evil nature. See MALIGN.] The state or quality of being malign: (a) extreme enmity or evil dispositions of heart toward another; malice without provocation, or malevolence with baseness of heart; deep-rooted spite. (b) Virulence; destructive tendency; deadly quality; as, the malignity of an ulcer or disease. An invincible malignity in his disease.' Hayward. (e) Extreme evilness of nature; enormity or heinousness. This shows the high malignity of fraud.' South.-SYN. Malice, maliciousness, rancour, spite, malevolence, illwill, virulence, malignancy, destructiveness, heinousness, enormity. Malignly (ma-lin'li), adv. In a malign manner: (a) with extreme ill-will. 'Praise malignly arts I cannot reach.' Pope. (b) Unpropitiously; perniciously. 107 Malinger (ma-ling'ger), v.i. [Fr. malingre, sickly, weakly; according to Diez from mal, ill, and O.Fr. hingre, heingre, languishing, feeble, a nasalized form of L. æger, sick. The meaning has probably been influenced by the form of the word recalling Fr. malin, evil, mischievous, and gré, inclination.] Milit. to feign, produce, or protract illness in order to avoid duty. Malingerer (ma-ling'gér-ér), n. Milit. a soldier who feigns himself sick. Malingery (ma-ling'ger-i), n. Milit. a feigning of illness or protracting of disease in order to avoid duty. Malis (mā'lis), n. [Gr., a distemper in horses and asses.] A cutaneous disease produced by parasitic worms or vermin: formerly called Dodders. Malison (mal'i-zn), n. [O. Fr. malison, ma- O be his tomb as lead to lead, A minstrel's malison is said. Sir W. Scott. Malkin (ma'kin), n. [Dim. of Mal, Mary. From this name being regarded as representative of a kitchen wench it came to have the second meaning, in the same way as the name jack is given to an implement used for various homely purposes. See GRIMALKIN.] 1. A wench employed in a kitchen. The kitchen malkin pins Her richest lockram 'bout her reechy neck. Shak. 2. A mop made of clouts for sweeping ovens. 3. A stuffed figure dressed up; a scarecrow. Mall (mal), n. [Fr. mail, It. maglio, malleo, L. malleus, a hammer.] 1. A large heavy wooden beetle; an instrument for driving anything with force. Eftsoones one of those villeins him did rap Upon his head-peece with his yron mall. Spenser. 2. A blow. And give that reverend head a mall, Or two, or three, against a wall. Hudibras. Mall (mal), v.t. To beat with a mall; to beat with something heavy; to bruise. See MAUL. Mall (mal), n. [Originally an alley where people played with malls and balls.] 1. A public walk; a level shaded walk. Part of the area was laid out in gravel walks and planted with elms; and these convenient and frequented walks obtained the name of the City Mall, Southey. 2. A court; a pleading-house. Councils, which had been as frequent as diets or malls, ceased. Milman. Mallard (mal'lärd), n. [O. Fr. malard, Prov. Fr. maillard, a wild drake, perhaps from maille (L. macula), a spot, a spot on a bird's feather, from the iridescent spot on the wing.] The common wild duck. See DUCK. Malleability (mal'lé-a-bil"i-ti), n. The quality of being malleable or susceptible of extension by beating. Malleable (mal'lē-a-bl), a. [Fr. malléable, from L.L. malleo, to beat with a hammer. See MALLEATE.] Capable of being shaped or extended by beating; capable of extension by the hammer; reducible to a laminated form by beating.-Malleable iron, pig-iron which has been deprived of nearly the whole of its carbon, and thus freed from its brittleness by the processes of refining, puddling, hammering, rolling, &c. Malleableise, Malleablise (mal'lē-a-bl-iz), v.t. To render malleable; to render capable of extension under blows of a hammer. [Rare.] Malleableness (mal'lē-a-bl-nes), n. Malleability (which see). Malleaceæ, Malleidæ (mal-lē-a'sē-ē, mallē'i-dē), n. pl. A family of lamellibranchiate molluscs, of which the genus Malleus is the type. They are regarded by some as a subfamily of the Aviculidae or pearl-oysters. Malleate (mal'lē-āt), v.t. pret. & pp. malleated; ppr. malleating. [L.L. malleo, malleatum, to beat with a hammer, from L. malleus, a hammer.] To hammer; to draw into a plate or leaf by beating. Malleation (mal-le-a'shon), n. 1. The act of beating into a plate or leaf, as a metal; extension by beating.-2. In med. a form of chorea, in which the person affected has a convulsive action of one or both hands, which strike the knee like a hammer. Mallecho, n. See MALICHO. Mallemaroking (mal-le-mar'ok-ing), n. Naut. the visiting and carousing of seamen in the Greenland ships. Sailor's Word-Book. MALMSEY Mallemock, Mallemoke (mal'le-mok, mal'le-mōk), n. The fulmar (which see). Mallenders (mal'en-dérz), n. Same as Malanders. Malleolar (mal'lē-ō-lér), a. [L. malleolus, dim. of malleus, a hammer.] In anat. of or pertaining to the ankle. Malleolus (mal'lē-ō-lus), n. [L., dim. of malleus, a hammer.] 1. One of the two projections of the leg-bones at the ankle.-2. In bot. a layer; a shoot bent into the ground and half divided at the bend, whence it emits roots. Lindley. Mallet (mal'let), n. [Dim. of mall.] A wooden hammer of various forms, used chiefly in striking the chisel by stone-cutters, joiners, carpenters, &c. Malleus (mal'lē-us), n. [L., a mallet.] 1. In anat. one of the outermost of the chain of bones in the ear, one of whose processes, called the handle, is fastened to the membrane of the drum. See EAR.-2. In zool. a hammer-shaped body forming part of the masticatory apparatus in some microscopic forms, as Chatonotus.-3. Lamarck's name for a genus of irregular and inequivalve shells, placed among the Ostracea by Cuvier. The M. vulgaris (hammer-headed oyster) is chiefly remarkable for its singular form; the two sides of the hinge being extended so as to resemble, in some measure, the head of a hammer, while the valves, elongated nearly at right angles to these, represent the handle. It inhabits the Indian Archipelago, attaching itself by a byssus to submarine rocks. Mallinders, Mallenders (mal'in-dêrz, mal'en-dérz), n. Same as Malanders. Mallophaga (mal-of'a-ga), n. pl. [Gr. mallos, a fleece, and phago, to eat.] An order of minute apterous insects with a mouth formed for biting, and furnished with mandibles and maxillæ, parasitic on birds; birdlice. Mallotus (mal-lo'tus), n. [Gr. mallōtos, fleecy. ] A genus of small fishes of the family Salmonidæ, and of which the species M. villosus (Salmo arcticus) or caplin is the type. See CAPLIN. Mallow, Mallows (mal'lo, mal'lōz), n. [A. Sax. malu, mealwe, G. malve, from L. malva, a mallow, which is allied to or derived from Gr. malaché, mallow, from malakos, soft-either from its softy downy leaves, or from its emollient and demulcent properties.] The common name of the wild species of the genus Malva, the type of the nat. order Malvacea. They are so named from their emollient qualities. See MALVA. -Jew's mallow, a plant, Corchorus olitorius, used as a pot-herb in Syria and Egypt. See CORCHORUS.-Marsh-mallow, the common name of Althea officinalis, the root and leaves of which are used in medicine in decoction and syrup. See ALTHEA. Malm (mäm), n. [A. Sax. mealm, sand, mealm-stán, sandstone; O. Sax. melm, dust, Goth. malma, sand, the malm in (Sw.) Malmö, &c.; allied to Sc. mawmy, soft, mawm, to soften, E. meal, the root being seen in Icel. mala, Goth. malan, to grind.] 1. The name given to a soil in the southeastern counties of England resting on the upper greensand, rich in lime, phosphoric acid, and potash, and especially suited for the growth of hops. -2. A kind of soft, brittle stone. [Local.]-3. Malm-rock.4. Malmbrick. Malm (mäm), a. Composed of the soil malm. 'Malm lands.' Gilbert White. Malmbrick (mäm'brik), n. [Malm and brick.] A brick composed of sand, comminuted chalk, and clay, which burns to a pale brown colour more or less inclined to yellow, an indication of the presence of magnesia. Malm-rock (mäm'rok), n. A calcareous sandstone forming portions of the upper greensand in Surrey and Sussex. Called also Firestone. Malmsey (mämʼzi), n. [O.E. malvesie; Fr. malvoisie; It. malvasia, from Napoli di Malvasia, in the Morea, the white and red wines produced in which first received the name. The grape from which Malmsey is made is originally derived from an island, connected with the coast of Laconia by a bridge, in the bay of Epidaurus Limera, formerly a promontory called Minoa. Its modern name Monemvasia (μονη ἐμβασια, single entrance) was corrupted into malva sia by the Italians, malvoise by the French, and malmsey by the English. Encyc. Metropolitana.] A kind of grape; also, a MALODOROUS strong and fine-flavoured sweet white wine made in Madeira of grapes which have been allowed to shrivel upon the vine. 'Metheglin, wort, and malmsey.' Shak. Malodorous (mal-o'dèr-us), a. Having a bad or offensive odour. Malodour (mal-o'dér), n. [Prefix mal, bad, and odour.] An offensive odour. Malope (ma'lo-pē), n. [L., a name applied to one of the mallows.] A small genus of malvaceous plants containing only three species, one of which (M. malacoides) is cultivated as a favourite hardy annual. The plants are natives of the Mediterranean region, and are annual smooth or hairy herbs, with entire or trifid leaves and large handsome violet or rose-coloured flowers, with three large cordate bracts. Malpighia (mal-pig'i-a), n. [See MALPIGHIAN.] A genus of plants, the type of the nat. order Malpighiacea. The species are small trees or shrubs, with opposite shortlystalked leaves and axillary and terminal fascicles or corymbs of white or red flowers. The fruit of one species (Malpighia urens) is the Barbadoes cherry of the West Indies. The bark of M. moureila and crassifolia is a kind of febrifuge. A few kinds produce timber of a bright yellow colour. Malpighiaceae (mal-pig'i-a'sē-ē), n. pl. [See MALPIGHIA] A nat. order of exogenous trees and shrubs, often climbing, with polypetalous regular or irregular flowers, trigynous pistils, and usually monadelphous stamens, and opposite stipulate or exstipulate leaves, inhabiting various parts of the tropics. Forty-nine genera and nearly 600 species are known. Malpighiaceous (mal-pig'i-a"shus), a. In bot. applied to hairs formed as in the genus Malpighia, which are attached by the middle, and lie parallel to the surface on which they grow. Malpighian (mal-pig'i-an), a. [After Malpighi, an eminent Italian anatomist and writer on plants of the seventeenth century, who discovered the bodies mentioned in (a) and (b).] In compar. anat. (a) applied to certain small round bodies in the cortical substance of the kidney, of a deep red colour, composed of a vascular tuft inclosed in a thin membranous capsule, the dilated commencement of a uriniferous tubule. (b) Applied to certain minute semi-opaque, whitish, ovoid corpuscles of gelatinous consistence in the red substance of the spleen. (c) Applied to certain cæcal convoluted tubes, immediately behind the posterior aperture of the stomach of insects, which are generally regarded as representing the liver. Malposition (mal-po-zi'shon), n. [Prefix mal, bad, and position.] A wrong position. Malpractice (mal-prak'tis), n. [Prefix mal, bad, and practice.] Evil practice; illegal or immoral conduct; practice contrary to established rules; misbehaviour. Fanny was almost ready to tell fibs to screen her brother's malpractices from her mamma. Thackeray. Malstick (mal'stik), n. Same as Maulstick (which see). Malt (malt), n. [A. Sax. malt, mealt (0.Sax. Icel. Sw. and Dan. malt, D. mout, G. malz), from A. Sax. meltan, to melt, to dissolve, to digest, to cook.] 1. Grain, usually barley, steeped in water and made to germinate, the starch of the grain being thus converted into saccharine matter, after which it is dried in a kiln, and then used in the brewing of porter, ale, or beer, and in whisky distilling. One hundred parts of barley yield about ninety-two parts of air-dried malt.-2. Liquor produced from malt; beer. Malt (malt), a. Pertaining to, containing, or made with malt; as, malt liquors. Malt (malt), v.t. To make into malt; as, to malt barley. Malt (malt), v.i. To become or be converted into malt. To house it green will make it malt worse. Mortimer. Mal-talent (mal'ta-lent), n. [Prefix mal, bad, and talent (which see).] 1. Ill-humour; ill-will; spleen. So forth he went With heavy look and lumpish pace, that plaine In him bewraid great grudge and mal-talent. Spenser. 2. Evil inclination. Sir W. Scott. Malt-barn (malt bärn), n. A barn in which malt is made or kept. Malt-drink, Malt-liquor (malt'dringk, malt'lik-ér), n. A liquor prepared for drink by an infusion of malt, as ale, porter, &c. 108 Malt-dust (malt'dust), n. The grains or remains of malt. Malt-dust is an enricher of barren land. Mortimer. Maltese (mal-tez), n. sing. and pl. A native or natives, or inhabitant or inhabitants, of Malta. Maltese (mal-tez), a. Relating to Malta.Maltese cross. See under CROSS.-Maltese dog, a very small kind of spaniel with long silky, generally white, hair and round muzzle. Malt-floor (malt'flor), n. A perforated iron or tile floor in the chamber of a malt-kiln through which the heat ascends from the furnace below, and dries the grain laid upon it. Maltha (mal'tha), n. [Gr., a mixture of wax and pitch for caulking ships.] 1. A variety of bitumen, viscid and tenacious, like pitch, intermediate between liquid petroleum and solid asphalt. It is unctuous to the touch, and exhales a bituminous odour.-2.† Mortar. Holland. A horse employed in grinding malt; hence, a dull fellow. Malt-horse (malt'hors), n. You peasant swain! you whoreson malt-horse drudge! Shak. Malt-house (malt'hous), n. A house in which malt is made. Malthusian (mal-thú'zi-an), a. Relating to the Rev. T. R. Malthus or to opinions similar to his. Malthus was the first to bring prominently forward the fact that population, when unchecked, goes on increasing in a higher ratio than the means of subsistence can, under the most favourable circumstances, be made to increase; and hence, that hasty and early marriages should be discouraged. Malthusian (mal-thu'zi-an), n. One who holds the doctrines of Malthus. Malt-kiln (malt'kil), n. A heated chamber in which malt is dried to check the germination after the processes of steeping and couching have been gone through. Malt-liquor, n See MALT-DRINK. N. Maltman, Maltster (malt'man, malt'ster), A man whose occupation is to make malt. Malt-mill (malt'mil), n. A mill for grinding malt. Maltose (malt'os), n. (C6H12O6.) Sugar produced from starch paste by the action of malt or diastase, and having the same composition as glucose. Maltreat (mal-trēt), v.t. [Prefix mal, bad, badly, and treat.] To treat ill; to abuse; to treat roughly, rudely, or with unkind ness. Maltreatment (mal-trēt'ment), n. The act of maltreating, or state of being maltreated; ill treatment; ill usage; abuse. Maltster. See MALTMAN. Malt-vinegar (malt'vin-e-gér), n. Vinegar made from an infusion of malt. Maltworm (malt'werm), n. A person fond of or who indulges in beer or other liquor; a tippler. 'Mad mustachio, purple-hued maltworms.' Shak. Then doth she trowl to me the bowl, Bp. Still. Malum (ma'lum), n. [L.] An evil.-Malum in se, an evil in itself.-Malum prohibitum, a prohibited wrong; an act wrong because forbidden by law. Malure,t n. [Fr. malheur, misfortune mal, bad, and heur (from L. augurium, augury), luck.] Misfortune. Chaucer. Malurinæ (mal-u-ri'ně), n. pl. A sub-family of dentirostral insessorial birds, of which the genus Malurus is the type; the softtailed warblers. See MALURUS. Malurus (ma-lu'rus), n. [Gr. malos, soft, and oura, a tail.] A genus of insessorial birds belonging to the family Sylviadæ, abundantly dispersed through New South Wales. M. cyaneus is named by the colonists the Superb Warbler, Blue Wren, &c. It is a very beautiful bird." Malva (mal'va), n. [See MALLOW.] A genus of plants belonging to the nat. order Malvaceae, of which it is the type; the mallows. There are about sixteen species, natives of Europe, temperate Asia, and North Africa, some of them widely spread weeds of cultivation. They are hairy or smooth herbs, with lobed angular or dissected leaves, and axillary solitary or fascicled flowers; the petals are notched, purplish rose-coloured or white. M. sylvestris (the common mallow) is a common and widely diffused species, possessed MAMMA of mucilaginous properties. The whole plant is used officinally in Britain in fomentations, cataplasms, and emollient enemas. Common Mallow (Malva sylvestris). When fresh the flowers are reddish-purple, but on drying become blue, and yield their colouring principle both to water and alcohol. The alcoholic tincture furnishes one of the most delicate of re-agents for testing the presence of alkalies or acids. Malvacea (malva'se-e), n. pl. A large natural order of exogenous plants, the distinguishing marks of which are, polypetalous flowers, monadelphous stamens, unilocular anthers, valvate estivation, and often an external calyx (epicalyx) or involucre. A large proportion of the order consists of herbaceous or annual plants, inhabiting all the milder parts of the world, but found most plentifully in hot countries. Several species are of essential service to man. As emollients they are well known in medical practice. The hairy covering of the seeds of the various species of Gossypium forms raw cotton. The inner bark of many species yields fibre of considerable value. Many species of Althæa, Sida, and Hibiscus are splendid flowerMalvaceous (mal-va'shus), a. [L. malva, ing plants. See MALVA. mallows.] Of, pertaining to, or resembling mallows; a term designating a group of plants of which mallows is the type. Malversation (mal-vér-sa'shon), n. [Fr. malversation-L. male, badly, ill, and versor, to turn one's self about in a place, to occupy one's self, freq. from verto, versum, to turn.] Evil conduct; improper or wicked behaviour; mean artifices or fraudulent tricks; especially, misbehaviour in an office or employment, as fraud, breach of trust, extortion, &c. Malvesie, tn. Malmsey-wine. Chaucer. Mam (mam), n. [Contr. from mamma.] Mamma. Mama, Mamma (ma-mä'), n. ['A word composed of a repetition of one of the easiest articulations of the human voice, ma, ma, and hence applied to the objects of earliest interest to the infant, the mother and the mother's breast.' Wedgwood. Comp. L. mamma, the breast; Gr. mamma, mamme, mother; Fr. maman, Sp. mama, G. mama, mamma, and similar words in many languages. See PAPA.] Mother: a word of tenderness and familiarity, used chiefly by young persons. Mamaluke, Mameluke (mam'a-lük, mam'e-lük), n. [Ar. mamluk, that which is possessed, a slave, from malak, to possess.] One of the former mounted soldiery of Egypt, consisting originally of Circassian slaves of the beys, introduced in the thirteenth century. So early as 1254 they became so powerful that they made one of their own number sultan, their dynasty continuing till 1517, when it was overthrown by Selim I. Their power, however,remained so great that they continued to be virtual masters of the country. In 1811 the new pasha (afterwards viceroy) of Egypt, Mehemet Ali, having invited the chief Mamalukes, pretendedly to grace his investiture, into the citadel of Cairo, caused them to be butchered, to the number of 470, which was followed by a general massacre of them throughout Egypt. Some hundreds who escaped into Lower Nubia, built a town, and endeavoured to keep up their force by disciplining negroes. In this they did not succeed, and shortly afterwards dispersed. Written also Mamlouk, Memlook. Mamelon (mam'e-lon), n. [Fr., a nipple, from L. mamma, a breast.] A small hill or mound with a round top, so called from its resemblance to a woman's breast; a hemispherical elevation. 'Our tents were pitched on another mamelon.' W. H. Russell. Mamma (mam'ma), n. pl. Mammæ (mam'me). [L. See MAMA.] The breast; the organ in females that secretes the milk. MAMMAL Mammal (mam'mal), n. An animal belonging to the class Mammalia (which see). Mammalia (mam-ma'li-a), n. pl. [Lit. breastanimals, from L. mamma, the female breast.] The highest class in the animal kingdom, whose distinctive characteristic is that the female suckles the young on a secretion, peculiar to the class, furnished by the mammary glands of the mother, and known as milk. The skin of mammals is always more or less covered with hair, the only apparent exceptions being the whale and the scaled edentates. The blood is warm, and the mode of reproduction viviparous. The heart consists of four chambers or cavities, two auricles and two ventricles, the right auricle and ventricle being connected with the venous system, the left with the arterial. The organs of respiration are the lungs. Respiration is carried on partly by the action of muscles attached to the ribs, but chiefly by means of the diaphragm or midriff, which is a strong muscular partition separating the cavity of the thorax from the abdomen. The skull articulates with the vertebral column by two condyles on the occipital bone; and the lower jaw, which consists of two branches united at the chin, articulates with the skull without the intervention of a quadrate bone. The embryo is invariably enveloped in an amnion, and an allantois is never wanting. The allantois, however, either disappears at an early period of life, or it develops the structure known as the placenta, in accordance with the presence or absence of which the Mammalia are divided into two great sections or sub-classes-implacental mammals, or mammals having no placenta; and placental mammals, or mammals furnished with a placenta. The implacental mammals comprise only two orders, the Monotremata and the Marsupialia. Mammalian (mam-ma'li-an), a. Pertaining to the mammals. Mammaliferous (mam-ma-lif'èr-us), a. [L. mammalia, and fero, to produce.] In geol. containing mammiferous remains: said of certain strata; as, the mammaliferous crag of Norfolk, &c. Mammalogist (mam-mal'o-jist), n. One who treats of mammiferous animals or the mammalia. Mammalogy (mam-mal'o-ji), n. [From E. mammal, and Gr. logos, discourse.] The science or doctrine of mammals or mammiferous animals. Mammary (mam'ma-ri), a. [L. mamma, the breast.] Pertaining to the breasts or paps; as, the mammary glands, arteries, and veins. Mammea (mam-mě'a), n. [From mamey, the native Haytian name.] A genus of plants belonging to the nat. order Guttiferæ. M. americana (the American mammee-tree) is the principal species of this genus, and forms a handsome tree, with a spreading elegant head. The fruit is large, and is considered nourishing and pectoral, and is much esteemed in America. The seeds, which are large, are used as anthelmintics, and a gum distilled from the bark is used to destroy chigoes. Mammeated (mam'mē-at-ed), a. Having breasts or paps. [Rare.] Mammee (mam-me), n. The Mammea americana or its fruit. See MAMMEA. Mammee-Sapota (mam-me'sa-pō'ta), n. Mammee-Sapota (Lucuma mammosum). A large tree (Lucuma mammosum), a native of the West Indies and tropical 109 America, where it is cultivated for the sake of its fruit, which is called natural marmalade on account of its containing a thick agreeably-flavoured pulp having somewhat the taste and appearance of quince marmalade. This fruit is pretty nearly egg-shaped, 3 to 5 inches long, covered with a rustycoloured skin, and contains usually a single hard seed. Mammelière (mam-mel-yar), n. [Fr. mamellière, from mamelle, L. mamilla, dim. of mamma, a breast.] In anc. armour, one of two circular plates fastened to the surcoat right above the breasts of a knight. To these plates the helmet, sword, or dagger was secured by a chain to prevent its loss by a sudden blow or otherwise. Mammert (mam'mér), v.i. [Probably originally signifying to stammer in speaking, and formed (as Nares thinks) from the infantile sound mam, mam.] To hesitate; to stand muttering and in doubt. I wonder in my soul, Mammelières. What you would ask me, that I should deny, Or stand so mammering on. Shak. MAN The surfeited priest scruples not to paw and mammock the sacramental bread. Milton. [Hind. mahCoarse plain Mammodis (mam'mo-dis), n. mudi, a kind of fine muslin.] India muslins. Mammon (mam'mon), n. [L. mammona; Gr. mammonas, mammon, riches, from Chal. mammón, mámon, Heb. matmôn, a place where something is hid, a treasury, taman, to hide.] 1. The Syrian god of riches, mentioned in the New Testament as a personification of worldliness. Mammon, the least erected spirit that fell From heaven; for even in heaven his looks and thoughts Were always downward bent, admiring more The riches of heaven's pavement, trodden gold, Than aught divine or holy. 2. Riches; wealth. Milton. If, therefore, ye have not been faithful in the unrighteous mammon, who will commit to your trust the true riches? Luke xvi. 11. Mammonish (mam'mon-ish), a. Devoted to the service of Mammon or the pursuit of riches; actuated by a spirit of mammonism or of money-getting. A great, black, devouring, world, not Christian but Mammonish, Devilish. Carlyle. Mammonism (mam'mon-izm), n. Devotion to the service of Mammon or the pursuit of wealth. A person Mammonist (mam'mon-ist), n. devoted to the acquisition of wealth; one whose affections are placed supremely on riches; a worldling. I am none of those mammonists who adore white and red earth, and make their prince's picture their idol that way. Howell. Mammett (mam'met), n. [See MAWMET.] Mammonite (mam'mon-it), n. A mammonA puppet; à figure dressed; a doll. This is no world To play with mammets and to tilt with lips. Shak. Mammetry + (mam'met-ri), n. [Contr. for Mahometry.] Mohammedanism. Mammie, Mammy (mam'mi), n. [A form of mamma.] A child's term for mother. [Scotch.] And ay she wrought her mammie's wark, And ay she sang sae merrilie. Burns. Mammifer (mam'mi-fer), n. [L.mamma, the breast, and fero, to bear.] An animal which has breasts for nourishing its young; a mammal. See MAMMAL. Mammiferous (mam-mif'èr-us), a. Having the distinguishing characteristics of a mammifer; having breasts and nourishing the young by the milk secreted by them. Mammiform (mam'mi-form), a. [L. mamma, a breast, and forma, shape.] Having the shape or form of paps. Mammilla (mam-milla), n. [L. mamilla, a little breast, from mamma, the breast.] A little breast; specifically, in anat. one of the conical bodies of the kidneys, at the point where the urine escapes. Mammillary (mam'mil-a-ri), a. [L. mamilla.] 1. Pertaining to the paps; resembling a pap; an epithet applied to two small protuberances, like nipples, found under the fore ventricles of the brain, and to a process of the temporal bone.-2. In mineral. studded with mammiform protuberances: a term applied to minerals composed of convex concretions, in form somewhat resembling breasts. Mammillary (mam'mil-a-ri), n. In geol. ground studded with rounded breast-shaped projections. Mammillate (mam'mil-at), a. In entom. a term applied to the palp of an insect in which the last joint is smaller than the preceding, and retractile within it. Mammillated (mam'mil-at-ed), a. Having small nipples, or little protuberances like nipples; specifically, (a) in mineral. a term applied to certain appearances observed in minerals, resembling small bubbles or rounded protuberances; as, flint containing chalcedony is generally mammillated. (b) In conch. a term applied to a shell whose apex is rounded like a teat. Mammillation (mam-mil-a'shon), n. In pathol. a small prominence on a mucous surface, as of the stomach. Mammilloid (mam'mil-oid), a. [L. mamilla, pap, and Gr. eidos, form.] Shaped like a pap or nipple. Owen. Mammock (mam'mok), n. [Perhaps a dim. of Gael. mam, a large round hill, also a handful (comp. hillock from hill); or, as Wedgwood thinks, from mamble or mumble, the word in East Anglia meaning fragments left after eating, leavings.] A shapeless piece. [Obsolete or provincial English.] Mammockt (mam'mok), v.t. To tear in pieces. ist. When a Mammonite mother kills her babe for a burial fee, And Timour-Mammon grins on a pile of children's bones, Tennyson. Is it peace or war? better war! Mammonization (mam'mon-iz-ā"shon), n. Act or process of rendering mammonish or devoted to the pursuit of wealth; the state of being under the influence or actuated by the spirit of mammonism. Mammonize (mam'mon-iz), v.t. To render mammonish or devoted to the pursuit of wealth; to actuate by a spirit of mammonism or money-getting. Mammose (mam'mos), a. [L. mamma, a breast.] Having the form of a breast; breastshaped. [Rare.] Mammoth (mam'moth), n. [Rus. mamant, mamont, from Tart. mamma, the earth, because the remains of these animals being found embedded in the earth the natives believed that they burrowed like moles.] An extinct species of elephant, Elephas primigenius. It was thickly covered with hair of three sorts, one of these stiff like bristles a foot in length, another coarse flexible hair, and the third a kind of wool. This warm covering enabled it to endure the cold of its native regions. This species differs from the living elephants in the shape of the enamel plates of its grinders, in its large curved tusks, and shaggy hair. The bones and tusks of the mammoth have been found in great abundance in Siberia; they have also been found in Yorkshire. An entire carcass which had been preserved in the ice and latterly thawed out, was discovered towards the close of last century on the banks of the river Lena, in Siberia, in such a perfect state that its flesh was eaten by dogs, wolves, and bears. It was 9 feet high and about 16 feet in length; the tusks were 9 feet long, measuring along the curve. This is the only instance of a fossil animal preserved entire. Mammoth (mam'moth), a. Resembling the mammoth in size; very large; gigantic; as, a mammoth ox. Mammothrept (mam'mō-thrept), n. [Gr. mammothreptos - -mamma, a mother, a grandmother, and trepho, to nourish.] A child brought up by its grandmother; a spoiled child. [Rare.] O, you are a mere mammothrept in judgment. B. Jonson. Mammoth-tree (mam'moth-tre), n. The Wellingtonia gigantea, the only known species of the genus Wellingtonia, nat. order Coniferæ. It is the largest of all pines, and the largest tree of temperate climates. Some botanists refer it to the genus Sequoia, under the name of S. gigantea. Man (man), n. pl. Men (men). [A. Sax. man, mann, mon, a person, a human being, whether man, woman, or child; D. O.H.G. Sw. and Goth. man, G. mann, Icel. mathr, |