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LAPIDARY

Lapidary (lap'i-da-ri), n. [Fr. lapidaire; Llapidarius, from lapis, a stone.] 1. An artificer who cuts, polishes, and engraves gems or precious stones.-2. A dealer in precious stones.-3. A virtuoso skilled in the nature and kinds of gems or precious stones; a connoisseur of lapidary work. Lapidary (lap'i-da-ri), a. Of or pertaining to a stone or stones; pertaining to the art of polishing and engraving precious stones. -Lapidary style, in literature, the style appropriate for monumental and other inscriptions.

Lapidate (lap'i-dāt), v.t. [L. lapido, lapidatum, from lapis, lapidis, a stone.] To

stone; to hit with stones. Scotsman newspaper.

Lapidation (lap-i-da'shon), n. The act of hitting with stones; the act of stoning a person to death. Bp. Hall. Lapidator (lap'i-dat-ér), n. One who stones. Scotsman newspaper.

Lapideous (la-pid'e-us), a. [L. lapideus, from lapis, a stone.] Of the nature of stone; stony; as, lapideous matter. [Rare.] 1. The Lapidescence (lap-id-es'ens), n. state of being lapidescent; the process of becoming stone; a hardening into a stony substance. The lapidescence of bodies.' Boyle. 2. A stony concretion. Sir T. Browne. Lapidescent (lap-id-es'ent), a. [L. lapidescens, lapidescentis, ppr. of lapidesco, to become stone, from lapis, lapidis, a stone.] 1. Growing or turning to stone.-2. That has the quality of petrifying bodies.

Hardened by the air, or a certain lapidescent succus or spirit, which it meets with. Evelyn.

Lapidescent (lap-id-es'ent), n. Any substance which has the quality of petrifying a body, or converting it to stone. Lapidific, Lapidifical (lap-id-if'ik, lap-idifik-al), a. [L. lapis, a stone, and facio, to make. Forming or converting into stone. Lapidification (la-pid'i-fi-ka"shon), n. The act of lapidifying; the operation of forming or converting into a stony substance, by means of a liquid charged with earthy particles in solution, which crystallize in the interstices. 'Induration or lapidification of substances.' Bacon.

Lapidify (la-pid'i-fi), v.t. pret. & pp. lapidifed; ppr. lapidifying. [L. lapis, lapidis, a stone, and facio, to form.] To form into

stone.

Lapidify (la-pid'i-fi), v. i. To turn into stone; to become stone.

Lapidist (lap'id-ist), n. A lapidary (which see).

Lapidose (lap'id-os), a. [L. lapis, lapidis, a stone. In bot. growing in stony places. Lapilli (la-pilli), n. pl. [L. lapillus, a little stone, contr. of lapidulus, dim. of lapis, a stone.] Volcanic ashes which consist of small angular stony or slaggy fragments or particles.

Lapis (lä'pis), n. [L.] A stone. Hence Lapis causticus, caustic potash.-Lapis infernalis, fused nitrate of silver, or lunar caustic.-Lapis lazuli, azure (stone, an aluminous mineral of a rich blue colour, resembling the blue carbonate of copper. See LAZULI-Lapis Lydius, touchstone; basanite; a variety of silicious slate. Lapis ollaris, soapstone or potstone or talc, a hydrated silicate of magnesia. Lap-jointed (lap'joint-ed), a. Having joints formed by edges overlapping, as by the edges of plates overlapping, as in steam-boilers, iron ships, &c.

Laplander (lap'land-ér), n. A native of
Lapland; a Lapp.

Laplandish (lap'land-ish), a. Pertaining to
Lapland or the Laplanders; Lappic.
Lap-lap (laplap), n. [Reduplication of lap.
Imitative.] The sound produced by water
lapping against a hard substance.

Soon there was nothing to be heard but the faint lap-lap of the water against the pier-nothing to be seen but the bright image of the moon.

Cornhill Magazine. Lapling (lap'ling), n. [From lap.] One who indulges in ease and sensual delights; a term of contempt.

You must not stream out your youth in wine, and live a lapling to the silk and dainties. Hewytt. Lapp (lap), n. A Laplander. Lappa (lap'pa), n. [L. lappa, a burr.] Same as Arctium (which see). Lappaceous (lap-pa'shus), a. [L. lappa, a burr.] In bot. pertaining to or resembling a burr.

Lappe, tn. A skirt or lappet of a garment. Chaucer.

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Lapper (lap'er), n. wraps or folds. Lapper (lap'er), n. up with his tongue. Lapper (lap'ér), v. i. [O.G. lap, G. lab, rennet, laben, to curdle milk, D. leb, rennet, Icel. hleypa, to curdle milk.] To coagulate; to lopper. [Scotch.] Lapper (lap'èr), v. t. To besmear or cover with any matter which has coagulated or is likely to coagulate. [Scotch.]

One who laps; one who Lappers of linen.' Swift. One who laps or takes

Sic grewsome wishes, that men should be slaughtered like sheep-and that they should lapper their hands to the elbows in their heart's bluid. Sir W. Scott.

Lappet (lap'et), n. [Dim. of lap.] A little lap or flap, on a dress, especially on a headdress, and made of muslin. Lappet (lap'et), v. t. To cover as with a lappet. Landor.

Lappet-muslin (lap'et-muz-lin), n. A white or coloured, sprigged or striped variety of muslin. Simmonds.

Lappic_(lap'ik), a. Pertaining to Lapland
or the Laplanders.
Lappic (lap'ik), n.
Laplanders.

The language of the

Lappior (lap'pi-or), n. A miner who dresses the refuse ores which are left. Simmonds. Lappish, Lapponian (lap'ish, lap-pō'ni-an), a. Laplandish.

Lapsable (laps'a-bl), a. Capable of lapsing, falling, or relapsing.

Lapsana (lap-sa'na), n. [L., G. lapsane, lampsane, charlock, or as some think nipplewort.] A genus of plants of the nat. order Compositæ, containing three or four species, natives of the northern hemisphere of the Old World, and extending to North America, &c. They are erectbranched herbs with alternate large-toothed leaves and small panicled heads of yellow flowers. One species, L. communis, is a common British weed known by the name of nipplewort.

Lapse (laps), n. [L. lapsus, from labor, to slide, to fall.] 1. The act of lapsing, gliding, slipping, or gradually falling; an easy, gentle, or gradual, and almost imperceptible descent; an unobserved or very gradual advance toward a conclusion; an unnoticed passing away; as, the lapse of a stream; the lapse of time. Liquid lapse of murmuring

streams.' Milton.

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No lapse of moons can canker love. Tennyson. A popular ecclesiastical historian of the last century . has resorted to the hypothesis that there have been certain lapses of the Spirit in different periods, like in their principle, though not in their outward tokens, to that of which Whitsuntide reminds us. F. D. Maurice.

2. A slip; an error; a fault; a failing in duty; a deviation from truth or rectitude. 'Petty errours and minor lapses not considerably injurious unto truth." Sir T. Browne. "The smallest lapse in style or propriety.' Swift. 3. In eccles. law, the slip or omission of a patron to present a clerk to a benefice within six months after it becomes void. In this case the benefice is said to be lapsed, or in lapse. 4. In theol. the fall or apostasy of Adam.

Lapse (laps), v.i. pret. & pp. lapsed; ppr. lapsing. 1. To pass slowly, silently, or by degrees; to glide; to slip; to slide; to fall; to sink.

This disposition to shorten our words by retrenching the vowels, is nothing else but a tendency to lapse into the barbarity of those northern nations from which we descended. Swift.

Homer, in his characters of Vulcan and Thersites, has lapsed into the burlesque character. Addison. 2. To slide or slip in moral conduct; to fail in duty; to deviate from rectitude; to commit a fault.

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3. To fall or pass from one proprietor to another, by the omission, negligence, or failure of some one, as a patron, a legatee, &c.

If the archbishop shall not fill it up within six months ensuing, it lapses to the king. Ayliffe.

4. In law, to become ineffectual or void. Lapse (laps), v. t. 1. To cause or suffer to slide; to let slip; to lose; to suffer to become vacant.

He counts the living his to dispose, not to make profit of. He fears more to lapse his conscience than his living. Fuller.

2. To seize; to capture; to apprehend.

LARBOARD

It might have since been answer'd in repaying
What we took from them; which, for traffic's sake,
Most of our city did: only myself stood out;
For which, if I be lapsed in this place,
I shall pay dear.

Shak.

Lapsed (lapst), p. and a. Having passed slowly, silently, or by degrees; fallen; sunk; as, the lapsed masses; having become ineffectual or void, or having passed from one to another.-Lapsed legacy, in law, a legacy which falls to the heirs through the failure of the legatee, as when the legatee dies before the testator. In this case, where it is not otherwise directed in the settlement, the lapsed legacy falls into and becomes part of the residue of the estate. Lapsed devise, in law, a devise which fails or becomes void by reason of the devisee's death in the testator's lifetime, or by reason of such devise being contrary to law. Lap-sided (lap'sid-ed), a. Having one side heavier than the other; leaning or hanging heavily to one side. Written also Lop-sided. Lapstone (lap'ston), n. A stone on which shoemakers beat leather on the knees. Lap-streak (lap'strek), a. Clincher-built; as, a lap-streak boat. See CLINCHER-WORK. Lapsus (lap'sus), n. [L.] A fall or slide; a slip. Lapsus linguæ, a slip of the tongue; a mistake in uttering a word.-Lapsus pennæ, a slip of the pen in writing; a mistake in manuscript.

Laputan (lap'u-tan), a. Pertaining to Laputa, the flying island of Gulliver's Travels, whose inhabitants were engaged in all sorts of ridiculous projects; hence, chimerical; absurd; ridiculous; impossible.

It is plain from the context that the late Archbishop of Dublin meant to include his friend's project among those which are taken for Laputan before they are realized, and taken for granted after. Globe newspaper.

Lap-welded (lap'weld-ed), a. Having the edges thinned down, lapped, and welded. Lapwing (lap'wing), n. [O.E. lapwinke, also lapwing (Chaucer), the latter a corrupt form; from A. Sax. hleápewince, from hleapan, to leap, and probably root of wink; from its irregular twitching mode of flight.] The popular name of a genus of birds (Vanellus) belonging to the family Charadriada (plovers) and order Grallatores, differing from the plovers chiefly in having a hind toe, which, however, is small, and in the nasal grooves being prolonged over twothirds of the beak. The common lapwing (V. cristatus), a well-known bird in this country, is about the size of a pigeon; it is

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often called the pee-wit from its particular cry. In the breeding season these birds disperse themselves over the interior of the country, and seek the marshy places of solitary moors. In winter they retire to the sea-coast. Their eggs are esteemed a great luxury, and great numbers are annually sent to the London markets from the marshy districts of England.

Lapwork (lap'werk), n. Work in which one part laps over another. Laquay (lak'i), n. Same as Lackey. Laquear (lak'we-är), n. [L] A ceiling consisting of sunk or hollowed compartments, having bands or spaces between. See LA

CUNAR.

Lar (lar), n. pl. Lares (la'rēz). [L., lit. the shining one, allied to Skr. las, to shine.] A household deity among the ancient Romans, regarded as the spirit of a deceased ancestor; hence, a most sacred possession. Larboard (lärbōrd), n. [Lar, a form of lower, and board, side. 'D. laager, O.E. leer, left. Clay with his hat turned up o' the leer side too.' B. Jonson in Nares. D. laagerhand, the left hand, from laager, lower, as hooger-hand, right hand, from hoog, high. It is, however, against this derivation that the word is written laddebord in the 'Story

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LARBOARD

of Jonah,' Allit. Poems of xiv. Cent.' Wedgwood.] Naut. the left hand side of a ship when a person stands with his face to the stem: opposed to starboard. Port is now the term used for larboard. Larboard (lar bord), a. Of or pertaining to the left hand side of a ship; port; as, the larboard quarter.

Larcener, Larcenist (lär'sen-ér, lärʼsen-ist),
N. One who commits larceny; a thief.
Larcenous (lär'sen-us), a. 1. Of or pertain-
ing to, or having the character of larceny.
I would not play her larcenous tricks
To have her looks.

E. B. Browning.

2. Guilty of or inclined to larceny. "The larcenous and burglarious world." Sidney Smith.

Larceny (lar'se-ni), n. [Contr. for latrociny, from L. latrocinium, from latro, a hired servant, a mercenary soldier, a freebooter, a robber.] The unlawful taking and carrying away of things personal with intent to deprive the right owner of the same. -Simple larceny, larceny uncombined with any circumstances of aggravation, as being committed by clerks or servants, from the person, &c.; when so combined it is called compound. Grand and petty larceny were formerly distinguished, the former being of goods above twelve pence in value. Larch (lärch), n. [L. larix, G. lerche.] The trees belonging to the genus Larix, nat. order Coniferæ, having small erect oval blunt-pointed cones, and irregularly margined scales. This genus is now usually united to Abies. The common larch (L. europaa), though a native of Italy, Switzerland, and South Germany, is one of our most frequently cultivated trees, and is remarkable for the elegance of its conical growth, and the durability of its wood, which is used for a variety of purposes. Besides the common larch, there are the Russian larch, the red larch, and the black larch (L.americana), a native of America. The last species has

also the name of hackmatack or tamarack. Lard (lärd), n. [Fr. lard, L. lardum, laridum, allied to Gr. larinos, fatted, fat, from laros, dainty, sweet.] 1. The fat of swine after being melted and separated from the flesh.-2. The flesh of swine; bacon. And to the table sent the smoking lard.' Dryden. Lard (lärd), v.t. [See the noun.] 1. To stuff with bacon or pork.

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Laret (lär), n. Pasture; feed. Spenser. See LAIR. Laret (lar), v.t. To provide with lare or feed; to fatten. Beau. & FI Lares, n. pl. See LAR. Large (lärj), a. [Fr. large, L. largus, abundant, large.] 1. Being of great size; having great dimensions; big; bulky; great; as, a large ox, tree, ship, &c.; especially: (a) wide; extensive; broad; as, a large plain, river, &c. (b) Containing or consisting of a great quantity or number; abundant; plentiful; copious; ample; numerous; as, a large supply of provisions; a large assembly.2. Diffuse; free; full, as applied to language, style, and the like.

I might be very large on the importance and advantages of education. Felton.

3. Embracing many objects; liberal; manysided; comprehensive; as, a large mind. 4. Generous; noble; as, a large heart. 5. Free; unembarrassed.

Of burdens all he set the Paynims large. Fairfax. 6. Prodigal; lavish.

But by thy life ne be no more so large;
Kepe bet my good, this yeve I thee in charge.
Chaucer.

7. Unrestrained; free; licentious. Some large jests.' Shak.-At large: (a) without restraint or confinement; as, to go at large; to be left at large. (b) Diffusely; fully; in the full extent; as, to discourse on a subject at large. To go or sail large (naut.), to have the wind crossing the direction of a vessel's course in such a way that the sails feel its full force and the vessel gains its highest speed. SYN. Big, great, bulky, huge, extensive, wide, capacious, comprehensive, ample, abundant, plentiful, populous, copious, diffuse, liberal.

Possessing

Large (lärj), n. Formerly a musical note equal to four breves. Large-acred (larj'a-kérd), a. much land. Pope. Large-handed (lärj ́hand-ed), a. Having large hands; rapacious; grasping; greedy. Large-handed robbers.' Shak. Large-hearted (lärj'härt-ed), a. Having a large heart or liberal disposition; generous; liberal; magnanimous.

Large-heartedness (lärj'härt-ed-nes), n. Largeness of heart; liberality.

In regard of reasonable and spiritual desires, the effects of this affection are large-heartedness and liberality. Bp. Reynolds.

The larded thighs on loaded altars laid. Dryden. Largely (lärj'li), adv. In a large manner; 2. To fatten; to enrich.

Falstaff sweats to death, And lards the lean earth.

Shak.

3. To overspread with lard or something which resembles or suggests lard; to mix with something by way of improvement. Let no alien interpose,

To lard with wit thy hungry Epsom prose. Dryden. Lard (lärd), v.i. To grow fat. "The unwieldy larding swine.' Drayton. Lardaceous (lär-da'shus), a. Of the nature of lard; consisting of lard. — Lardaceous tissues, tissues which from cancerous disease resemble lard.-Lardaceous disease, a disease in which deposits of fat occur in different parts of the body, sometimes in the form of humours, and at other times replacing the natural tissues of the body. Larder (lärd'ér), n. A room, house, box, or the like, where meat is kept or salted. Larderer (lärd'èr-ér), n. One who has charge of the larder.

Lardery (lärd'ér-i), n. A larder. Lardizabalaceæ (lar-di'za-ba-lā"sē-e), n. pl. [After Michael Lardizabala y Uribe.] A nat. order of often climbing exogens, having ternary symmetry, natives of South America and China. It is now regarded as a tribe of Berberidaceae, differing in having unisexual or polygamous flowers, and three (rarely six or nine) carpels, which are often large when ripe. Lardizabala, the type genus, consists of climbing shrubs with ternate leaves and violet or livid flowers, natives of Chili.

Lard-oil (lärd'oil), n. A valuable oil made from lard, used for burning and for lubricating machinery. It is the olein separated from the greater part of the stearin of lard. Lardon (lär'don), n. [Fr.] A strip of lard; a bit of bacon.

Lardryt (lärd'ri), n. [Contr. for lardery.] A larder.

Lard-stone (lärd'stön), n. A kind of soft stone found in China. See AGALMATOLITE. Lardy (lard'i), a. Containing lard; full of lard.

widely; extensively; copiously; diffusely; amply; liberally; bountifully; abundantly; as, the subject was largely discussed. Where the author treats more largely, it will explain the shorter hints and brief intimations. Watts. How he lives and eats; How largely gives. Dryden. They their fill of love and love's disport Took largely. Milton. Largeness (lärj'nes), n. The condition or quality of being large; as, (a) bigness; bulk; magnitude; as, the largeness of an animal. (b) Greatness; comprehension.

There will be occasion for largeness of mind and agreeableness of temper. Jeremy Collier.

(c) Extent; extensiveness; as, largeness of views. (d) Extension; amplitude; liberality; as, the largeness of an offer.

If the largeness of a man's heart carry him beyond prudence, we may reckon it illustrious weakness. Bacon.

(e) Wideness; extent; as, the largeness of a river.

Largess (lar'jes), n. [Fr. largesse; L. largitio, from largus, large.] A present; a gift or donation; a bounty bestowed. 'Golden largess of thy praise.' Tennyson. Larghetto (lär-get'to). [It.] In music, somewhat slowly, but not so slowly as largo.

Largifical† (lär-jif'ik-al),a. Generous; bountiful; ample; liberal. Blount.

Largifluoust (lär-jif'lū-us), a. [L. largus, large, and fluo, to flow.] Flowing copiously. Largiloquent (lär-jil'o-kwent), a. [L. largus, large, and loquor, to speak.] Speaking in a bombastic or boastful manner; grandiloquent.

Largish (lärj'ish), a. Somewhat large. [Rare.]

Largitiont (lär-ji'shon), n. [L. largitio, largitionis, from largior, to give largely, from largus, large.] The bestowment of a largess or gift.

Largo (lärʼgō). [It.] In music, slowly. Largo is one degree quicker than grave, and two degrees quicker than adagio. Lariat (läri-at), n. [Sp. lariata.] The lasso;

LARUS

a long cord or thong of leather with a noose, used in catching wild horses, &c. Laridæ (lar'i-dē),n. pl. [L. larus, Gr. laros, a sea-gull, and eidos, resemblance.] The family of natatorial birds popularly known as Seagulls, Sea-mews, or Gulls. The genus Larus is the type. See GULL.

Larinæ (la-ri'në), n. pl. A sub-family of birds including the common sea-gull, Larus. See LARIDAÆ.

Lark (lärk), n. [A. Sax. lawere, lawerce, laferc, O. and Prov. E. lavrock, laverock, leverock, Sc. laverock, laarick; comp. D. leeuwerik, leeuwrik, Dan. lærke, Icel. lævirki, G. lerche a lark. The original meaning of the name is doubtful; the Icel. lævirki would literally mean craft-worker, from læ, craft (comp. A. Sax. lawa, a traitor), and virki, a worker; or the la of the name may be the same as E. lay or lea,meadow. ] An insessorial

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bird of the genus Alauda, family Alaudidæ. The true larks are characterized by a long straight hind claw, almost destitute of the power of prehension, a strong bill, and by being able to raise the feathers on the back part of the head into the form of a crest. They are mostly migratory, and build on the ground. There are various species, as the skylark (A.arvensis), the wood-lark (A. arborea), the shore-lark (A. alpestris), the crested lark (A. cristata), &c. Of all these the skylark, lark, or laverock, so much celebrated for its song, is the best known. The lark is universally diffused over Europe. The female forms her nest on the ground, and lays four or five eggs of a dirty white colour spotted with brown, and she generally brings out two broods in the year. The flesh of the lark is considered a delicacy. Birds of other genera have also the name of lark, as the tit-lark (Anthus pratensis), the tree tit-lark (Anthus arboreus), &c. To dare larks. See under DARE.

Lark (lärk), v.i. To catch larks. Lark (lärk), n. [O.E. larke, play, from A. Sax. lac, sport, play (see KNOWLEDGE), or from W. llerch, lerc, a frisk, frisking.] Sport; frolic; a piece of merriment. What larks!" Dickens. [Slang or colloq.]

It will be a good lark though. T. Hughes. Lark (lärk), v. i. To sport; to make sport. [Slang or colloq.]

Lark-bunting (lärk'bunt-ing), n. The snowbunting or snow-bird (Plectrophanes nivalis): so called from the long claw on the hind-toe resembling that of the lark, while in other characters the bird is allied to the buntings. Larker (lärk'ér), n. A catcher of larks. Lark's-heel (lärks'hēl), n. 1. The Indian cress (Tropaeolum majus), or Nasturtium.2. Same as Larkspur. Larkspur (lärk'sper), n. A plant of the genus Delphinium. Sometimes also called Lark's-heel. See DELPHINIUM. Larmier (lär'mi-ér), n. [Fr., from larme, a tear or drop.] 1. In arch. another name for the Corona (which see).-2. In zool, a membranous pouch which secretes a thick, blackish humour, situated at or below the inner corner of the eye in the deer and antelope.

Larrup (lar'up), v.t. [Comp. D. larp, a lash, larpen, to thresh with flails.] To beat or flog. [Local.]

Larry (lar'ri), n. A coal truck on a railway; a long low waggon without sides; a lorry. Larum (lar'um), n. [Contr. for alarum, for alarm (which see).] 1. Alarm; a noise giving notice of danger.-2. An alarm clock or watch.

I see men as lusty and strong that eat but two meals a day, as others, that have set their stomachs, like larums, to call on them for four or five. Locke. Larum (lar'um), v.t. To sound an alarm. Pope. [Rare.]

Larus (la'rus), n. A genus of web-footed marine birds of several species, as L. canus (the common gull), L. marinus (the black

LARVA

backed-gull), L. eburneus (the ivory-gull). See GULL.

Larva (lär'va), n. pl. Larvæ (lärve). [L. larva, a mask, a ghost or spectre.] The early form of any animal which during its development is unlike its parent: thus the tadpole, the larva of the frog, is unlike the frog. It is most familiar as the term for an insect in the caterpillar or grub state; the first stage after the egg in the metamorphoses of insects, preceding the pupa or chrysalis and the perfect insect; the first condition of an insect at its issuing from the egg, when it is usually in the form of a grub, caterpillar, or maggot. See PUPA. Larval (lärval), a. Pertaining to a larva. "The larval period of existence.' Dallas. Larvate, Larvated (lärvät, lär vät-ed), a. Masked; clothed as with a mask. Larve (lärv), n. Same as LARVA. Larve (lärv), a. Pertaining to the larva or grub stage of an insect.

Larviform (lär'vi-form), a. [Larva and form.] Like a larva, grub, or caterpillar. Larvipara (lär-vip'a-ra), n. pl. [L. larva, and pario, to bring forth.] Insects which bring forth larvae instead of eggs, the latter being hatched in the oviduct.

Larviparous (lär-vip'a-rus), a. A term applied to those insects which produce their young in the state of larvæ : properly Ovoviviparous.

Laryngeal, Laryngean (la-rin-je'al, la-rinje'an), a. [See LARYNX.] Pertaining to the larynx; as, laryngeal arteries; laryngeal

nerves.

Laryngismus (la-rin-jis'mus), n. [From laryna] Spasm of the glottis, giving occasion to contraction or closure of the opening Dunglison.

Laryngitis (la-rin-ji'tis), n. [Gr. larynx, the larynx, and term. itis, denoting inflammation] An inflammation of the larynx of any sort.

Laryngology (lar-ing-gol'o-ji), n. [Gr. larynx, laryngos, a larynx, and logos, discourse.] A treatise on the larynx and its diseases. Laryngophony (la-rin-gof'o-ni), n. [Gr. larynz, and phone, the voice.] The sound of the voice as heard through the stethoscope applied over the larynx.

Laryngoscope (la-ring'go-skop), n. [Gr. larynx, laryngos, the larynx, and skopeo, to see.] A contrivance for examining the larynx and commencement of the trachea. It consists of a plane mirror introduced into the mouth, and placed at such an angle that the light thrown on it from a concave reflector, in the centre of which is an aperture, is made to illuminate the larynx, the image of which is again reflected through the aperture in the reflector to the eye of the observer.

Laryngoscopic (la-ring'go-skop"ik), a. Pertaining to the inspection of the larynx. Laryngotomy (la-rin-got'o-mi), n. [Larynx, and Gr. temno, to cut.] The making of an incision into the larynx for assisting respiration when obstructed, for removing foreign bodies, or for other reasons.

Larynx (lar'ingks), n. [Gr.] In anat. the upper part of the windpipe or trachea, a cartilaginous cavity which plays an important part in the utterance of articulate sounds.

Larynx internally (1) and externally (2). Its various parts, anatomically considered, are extremely complex and intricate. Fig. 1 above shows A the larynx internally, B being the epiglottis situated above the glottis or entrance to the larynx, cc the trachea, and D the œsophagus or gullet. In fig. 2 0 is the trachea, D the hyoid bone, EE the thyreohyoid membrane, F the thyreo-hyoid ligament, G the thyreoid cartilage, H the cricoid cartilage, P the crico-thyreoid ligament. The sensibility of the larynx is very acute, and is immediately excited by the contact of any foreign substance or of a deleterious gas,

ch, chain; ch, Sc. loch; g, go; j, job;

17

whereupon the glottis is firmly closed by special muscles, to prevent the entrance of the noxious body into the lungs. The same action occurs as we swallow our food. Las, n. A lace; a snare. Chaucer. Lascar (las'kär or las-kär'), n. In the East Indies, properly, a camp follower; but by Europeans applied to a native sailor. Lascious † (las'si-us), a. Lascivious. "To depaint lascious wantonness.' Holland. [Rare.]

Lasciviency (las-siv'i-en-si), n. Lasciviousness.

Lascivientt (las-siv'i-ent), a. Lascivious. Lascivious (las-siv'i-us), a. [L. lascivia, from lascivus, wanton; allied to Skr. las, to embrace, lash, to desire, Gr. lilaiomai, to desire.] 1. Wanton; lewd; lustful; as, lascivious men; lascivious desires; lascivious eyes.' Milton.-2. Exciting voluptuous emotions; luxurious.

He capers nimbly in a lady's chamber

To the lascivious pleasing of a lute. Shak. Lasciviously (las-siv'i-us-li), adv. In a lascivious manner; loosely; wantonly; lewdly. Lasciviousness (las-siv'i-us-nes), n. The state or quality of being lascivious: (a) irregular indulgence of animal desires; wantonness; lustfulness; looseness of behavi

our.

Who, being past feeling, have given themselves over unto lasciviousness. Eph. iv. 19. (b) Tendency to excite lust, and promote irregular indulgences.

The reason pretended by Augustus was, the lasciviousness of his Elegies and his Art of Love. Dryden.

Laser (la'sér), n. [L., the juice of the plant laserpitium, asafetida.] A gum-resin obtained from the north of Africa, and greatly esteemed by the ancients as an antispasmodic deobstruent and diuretic. Dr. Lindley states it is the produce of Thapsia garganica, or a nearly allied species called T. Silphium. Called also Asadulcis. Laserpitium (la-sér-pish'i-um), n. [L.] A genus of plants, nat. order Umbelliferæ, containing about twenty species, natives of Europe, North Africa, and West Asia; the laserworts. They are tall perennial herbaceous plants, with pinnate leaves and compound many-rayed umbels of yellowish or white flowers, the fruit with eight winglike appendages. L. glabarum is a native of mountainous districts of Europe, in dry and stony places. The root is filled with a gum-resin, which is acrid and bitter, and said to be a violent purgative. L. siler is a native of the mountains of the middle and south of Europe. Laserwort (la'ser-wért), n.

TIUM.

See LASERPI

Lash (lash), n. [Probably more than one word are mixed up in this; in one or other of its senses it may be another form of leash; comp. also G. lasche, a flap, a thong, a latchet; also a scarf joint; laschen, to furnish with flaps or latchets, and to lash; D. lasch, a piece joined on, a joining.] 1. The thong or cord at the point of a whip; any thong, cord, or the like for flogging; a whip; a scourge.

I observed that your whip wanted a lash to it. Addison. 2. A stroke with a whip or anything pliant and tough.-3. A stroke of satire; a sarcasm; an expression or retort that cuts or gives pain.

The moral is a lash at the vanity of arrogating that to ourselves which succeeds well. L'Estrange. 4. A leash or string in which an animal is caught or held; hence, a snare. Lash (lash), v. t. 1. To strike with a lash or anything pliant; to whip or scourge.

We lash the pupil and defraud the ward. Dryden. 2. To throw up with a sudden jerk.

He falls; and lashing up his heels, his rider throws. Dryden.

3. To beat, as with something loose; to dash against.

And big waves lash the frighted shores. Prior. 4. To satirize; to censure with severity; as, to lash vice.-5. To tie or bind with a rope or cord; to secure or fasten by a string; as, to lash anything to a mast or to a yard; to lash a trunk on a coach.

Lash (lash), v.i. 1. To ply the whip; to strike at something; to aim sarcasms; to hit.

To laugh at follies, or to lash at vice. Dryden. 2. To break out; to become extravagant; to pass the limits of propriety or moderation. We know not what rich joys we lose when first we lash into a new offence. Feltham.

f. Fr. ton; ng, sing;

TH, then; th, thin;

LAST

Sometimes with out.

A pious education may lay such strong fetters, such powerful restrictions upon the heart, that it shall not be able to lash out into those excesses and enormities. South.

To lash out also means to kick out, as a horse.

Lasher (lash'èr), n. 1. One that whips or lashes.-2. The fatherlasher (which see).3. A lashing (which see). -4. A weir in a river; the water collected above a weir. Macmillan's Mag.

Lash-free (lash'fre), a. Free from the lash of satire. B. Jonson.

Lashing (lash'ing), n. A piece of rope for binding or making fast one thing to another. Lasionite (la'si-on-it), n. A mineral, which is a hydrous phosphate of alumina. It is a variety of hydrargillite or wavellite. Lask (lask), v.i. Naut. to sail large, or with a quartering wind, that is, with a wind about 45° abaft the beam.

Lasket (lask), n. [Corruption, by transposition of sounds, of lax, a flux, from L. laxus, loose.] Looseness; flux; diarrhoea.

A grave and learned minister was one day, as he walked in the fields for his recreation, suddenly taken with a laske or looseness. Burton.

Lasket (las'ket), n. [Comp. D. lasch, a piece let in, splicing of rope ends; Dan. laske, to baste.] Same as Latch, 2. Laspring (las'pring), n. A young salmon. The smolt, or young salmon, is by the fishermen of some rivers called a laspring. Yarrell. Lass (las), n. [A contr. for ladess, fem. of lad, or a contr. of W. llodes, a lass. See LAD.] 1. A young woman; a girl: in familiar language often applied to a woman of any age. 2. [Scotch.] A female sweetheart. Lasse, t Las, t a. compar. of little. Chaucer.

Less.

Lassie (las'i), n. [Dim. of lass (which see).] A young girl; a term of endearment for a young woman; also applied in homely language to any woman, especially if younger than the speaker. [Colloq. or Scotch.]

Come lead me, lassie, to the shade, Where willows grow beside the brook. Crabbe. The lassies were pretty and agreeable. Dickens. [Fr., from L. lassitudo, from lassus, weary.] The state of having the energies weakened; weakness; weariness; languor of body or mind, proceeding from exhaustion of strength by excessive labour or action, or other means; enervation.

Lassitude (las'i-túd), n.

Lasslorn (las' lorn), a. Forsaken by his lass or mistress. Whose shadow the dismissed bachelor loves, being lasslorn.' Shak.

Lasso (las'so), n. [Sp. lazo, Pg. laço, from L. laqueus, a noose. See LACE.] In South America, a rope or cord, with a noose, used Lasso (las'so), v.t. To catch with a lasso. for catching wild horses and other animals. Lassock (las'ok), n. [Dim. of lass.] A little girl. [Scotch.]

Last (last), a. [A. Sax. last, a contr. for latost, latest; comp. best for betst. Latst is also found in O.E. See LATE, and comp. D. laatst, last, from laat, late; Icel. lesti in the phrase á lesti, at last, and G. letzt, last.] 1. That comes after all the others; latest; hindmost; closing; final.

Here, last of Britons, let your names be read. Pope. Why thrown aside thy masterpiece, half wrought, While meaner efforts thy last hand enjoy? Young. 2. Next before the present; as, last week; last year.-3. Utmost; extreme.

Their last endeavours bend,
T'outshine each other.

It is an object of the last importance. 4. Lowest; meanest.

[graphic]

Antilochus

Takes the last prize.

Dryden.

Ellicott.

Pope.

5. Farthest of all from possessing a given quality, character, use, or the like; most unlikely; as, you are the last man I should consult; this is the last place in which I should expect to find you. 'You are the last man I should consult' literally means 'You are the man that comes after all the others I should consult,' and hence, 'You are the most unlikely man to be consulted by me.'-At last, formerly at the last, at the end; in the conclusion.

Gad, a troop shall overcome him: but he shall overcome at the last. Gen. xlix. 19. -To the last, to the end; till the conclusion. And blunder on in business to the last. Pope.

On one's last legs, having reached an extreme stage of exhaustion; ruined in health; on the verge of financial ruin.-SYN.

w, wig; wh, whig; zh, azure.-See KEY.

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2. After all others; in the end; finally. Pleased with his idol, he commends, admires, Adores; and last, the thing adored desires. Dryden. Last (last), v.i. [A. Sax. læstan, to follow, to observe or perform, to last, to endure; Goth. laistjan, to trace footsteps, to follow, from A. Sax. læst, Goth. laists, a footstep. See LAST, for shoes.] 1. To continue in time; to endure; to remain in existence. That man may last, but never lives, Who much receives but nothing gives. 2. To hold out without being entirely unconsumed; as, the captain knew he had not water on board to last a week. Whilst this poor wealth lasts.' Shak.-3. To continue unimpaired; not to decay or perish; as, select for winter the best apples to last; this colour will last.

Gibbons.

Last (last), n. Power of holding out; endurance; stamina.

What one has always felt about the masters is that it's a fair trial of skill and last between us and them. T. Hughes. Last (last), n. [A. Sax. hlæst, from hladan, to lade; D. Dan. and G. last; Icel. lest, a load. The Fr. lest, lestage, ballast, are from this word.] 1. A load; hence, a certain weight or measure. A last of cod-fish, white herrings, meal, and ashes, is twelve barrels; a last of corn is 10 quarters or 80 bushels; of gunpowder, twenty-four barrels; of red herrings, twenty cades; of hides, twelve dozen; of leather, twenty dickers; of pitch and tar, fourteen barrels; of wool, twelve sacks; of flax or feathers, 1700 lbs. Generally a last is estimated at 4000 lbs.-2. The burden of a ship.

Last (last), n. [A. Sax. last, lest; D. leest, Dan. loest, a last; comp. Icel. leistr, the foot below the ankle, a short sock. See LAST, v.i.] A mould or form of the human foot, made of wood, on which shoes are formed.

The cobbler is not to go beyond his last. L'Estrange. Last (last), v.t. To form on or by a last. Last (last), n. In law, same as Last-court. Lastage (last'aj), n. [See LAST, a load.] 1. A duty paid (a) in some markets for the right to carry things where one will; (b) on wares sold by the last; (c) for freight or transportation.-2. t Ballast.-3. The lading of a ship.-4. Stowage-room for goods. Last-court (last'kort), n. A court held by the twenty-four jurats in the marshes of Kent, and summoned by the bailiffs, wherein orders are made to lay and levy taxes, impose penalties, &c., for the preservation of the said marshes.

Lastery + (last'êr-i), n. A red colour. 'Fair vermilion or pure lastery.' Spenser. Last-heir (last'ar), n. In law, he to whom lands come by escheat for want of lawful heirs. In some cases the last-heir is the lord of whom the lands were held; but in others the sovereign.

Lasting (last'ing), p. and a. Continuing in time; durable; of long continuance; that may continue or endure; as, a lasting good or evil; a lasting colour.-Lasting, Durable, Permanent. Lasting means resisting the effects of time or other influences tending to produce decay; continuing for a long time, or for as long as the nature of the object admits. It is the proper word for abstract things; as, a lasting impression; sudden reformations are seldom lasting. Durable is preferable for sensible objects, and means capable of resisting wear and tear; as, durable material. Permanent, remaining to the end, abiding for ever. It applies equally to physical and abstract objects; as, a permanent dye; a permanent situation; the grave is a permanent resting-place.SYN. Durable, permanent, undecaying, perpetual, unending.

Lasting (last'ing), n. 1. Endurance.

If any true Briton maintains that beef and beer are essentials to develop a man in stature, or strength, or lasting, let him look at our camp-servants. W. H. Russell.

2. A species of stiff and very durable woollen stuff, used for making shoes and other purposes.

Lastingly (last'ing-li), adv. In a lasting manner; durably; with continuance. 'Lastingly stigmatized.' Cowley. Lastingness (last'ing-nes), n. The state or quality of lasting; durability; permanence; long continuance.

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Lastly (last'li), adv. 1. In the last place.2. At last; finally.

I, for his sake, will leave Thy bosom, and this glory next to thee Milton. Freely put off, and for him lastly die. Lastrea (las-trē'a), n. A genus of ferns, belonging to the tribe Aspidieæ, containing the marsh-fern, sweet mountain-fern, malefern, &c. It is characterized by having the veins distinct after leaving the midrib, not uniting with those of the adjoining lobe. It is now more usually considered as a section of Nephrodium.

Lat, (lat). Scotch form of let.-Lat be, let

alone.

Lật (lat), n. A name given to pillars common to all the styles of Indian architecture. With the Buddhists they bore inscriptions on their shafts, with emblems or animals on their capitals; with the Vaishnavas they often bore statues of Garuda or Hanuman; with the Saivas they were flagstaffs. They were always among the most original and often the most elegant productions of Indian architecture. Called also Stambha. Latakia (lat-a-ke'a), n. A fine variety of Turkish tobacco, so named from Latakia (anciently Laodicea), near which it is produced and from which it is shipped. Latch (lach), n. [From A. Sax. læccan, O.E. lacche, latch, to seize, to take hold of; comp. Icel. láss, a latch, a lock, lásbogi, a crossbow. (See meaning 3.) Lash and lace come pretty close to the second meaning.] 1. A simple contrivance or catch for fastening a door. They found the door on the latch.' Dickens.-2. Naut. a small line like a loop, used to lace the bonnets to the courses, or the drabblers to the bonnets.-3. An old English name for the cross-bow.-4. In knitting machines, a piece which holds the needle in position while penetrating a fresh loop. Also called a Fly.-5.† A snare. Latch (lach), v.t. 1. To fasten with a latch; to fasten.-2. To lay hold of; to seize; to catch. Shak.

Latcht (lach), v.t. [Fr. lécher, to lick. See LICK.] To smear.

Shak

Hast thou yet latched the Athenian's eyes With the love-juice? Latch (lach), n. A miry place. Sir W. Scott. [Scotch.]

Latchet (lach'et), n. [From latch; or same as Fr. lacet, a lace or string.] The string or thong that fastens a shoe or sandal.

The latchet of whose shoes I am not worthy to un-
loose.
Luke iii. 16.
Naut. same as

Latching (lach'ing), n.
Latch, 2.
Latch-key (lach'ke), n. A key used to raise
the latch of a door.

Late (lat), a. [A. Sax. lat; D. laat, Icel. latr, late, slow, tardy; Goth. lats, sluggish. (See LAZY, which is probably allied.) This adjective has regular terminations of the comparative and superlative degrees, later, latest, but it has also the compar. latter, while latest is often contracted into last. See LAST.] 1. Coming after the usual time; slow; tardy; long delayed; as, a late summer; the crops or harvest will be late.

My late spring no bud or blossom showeth.

Milton.

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the tack, while the other end is elevated at an angle of about 45 degrees: used in xebecs, feluccas, &c., in the Mediterranean. Lately (lat'li), adv. Not long ago; recently. Laten (lat'en), n. Same as Latten. Latency (la'ten-si), n. [See LATENT.] The state of being latent or concealed.

To simplify the discussion, I shall distinguish three degrees of this latency. Sir W. Hamilton. Lateness (lat'nes), n. 1. The state of being tardy, or of coming after the usual or appointed time; as, the lateness of spring or of harvest.-2. Time far advanced in any particular period; as, lateness of the day or night; lateness in the season. 'Lateness in life.' Swift.

Latent (la'tent), a. [L. latens, latentis, from lateo, to lurk; allied to Gr. lanthano, lathein, to escape notice.] Not visible or apparent; hid; concealed; secret; not seen; not manifested; as, latent motives; latent reasons; latent springs of action.

These are very imperfect rudiments of 'Paradise Lost;' but it is pleasant to see great works in their seminal state, pregnant with latent possibilities of excellence. Johnson.

-Latent fault, in Scots law, a blemish or defect in a commodity purchased which was concealed from the purchaser, or was not manifest. This entitles the purchaser to reject the article.-Latent heat, concealed or hidden heat; that portion of heat which exists in any body without producing any effect upon another, or upon the thermometer: termed also Insensible Heat, in distinction from sensible heat. Latent heat becomes sensible during the conversion of vapours into liquids and of liquids into solids; and, on the other hand, a portion of sensible heat disappears or becomes latent when a body changes its form from the solid to the liquid, or from the liquid to the gaseous or aeriform state. See HEAT. -Latent period of a disease, the period that elapses before the presence of the disease is manifested by any symptoms. Thus the latent period of small-pox, measles, &c., signifies the time that elapses from the moment of infection to the accession of the symptoms. Called also Period of Incubation. Latently (la'tent-li), adv. In a latent man

ner.

Lateral (lat'er-al), a. [Fr.; L. lateralis, from latus, lateris, a side.] Pertaining or belonging to the side; hence, (a) directed to the side; as, the lateral view of an object. (b) Proceeding from the side; as, the lateral branches of a tree; lateral shoots.-Lateral operation, in surg. the name given to one mode of cutting for the stone, because the prostate gland and neck of the bladder are divided laterally. See LITHOTOMY.-Lateral pressure or stress, a pressure at right angles to the length, as of a beam. - Lateral strength, in mech. the force with which a body, as a bar or beam, placed horizontally, resists another force acting upon it in a

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Laterally (lat'ér-al-li), adv. In a lateral manner, direction, or position; sideways. Laterally or sideways. Sir T. Browne. Lateran (lat'èr-an), n. One of the churches at Rome, built originally by Constantine the Great, and dedicated to St. John of Lateran. It is the episcopal church of the pope, and the principal church of Rome. It has a palace and other buildings annexed to it. Eleven ecclesiastical councils, called Lateran councils, have been held in the palace. Every newly-elected pope takes solemn possession of the church, and from its balcony the pope bestows his blessing on the people. The site on which the buildings of the Lateran stand originally belonged to Plautius Lateranus, who was put to death by Nero: hence the name.

Latered, a. Delayed. Chaucer.

Laterifolious (la'ter-i-fō"li-us), a. [L. latus, lateris, side, and folium, leaf.] In bot. growing on the side of a leaf at the base; as, a laterifolious flower.

Laterigrada (lā'tèr-i-grā”da), n. pl. [L. latus, lateris, a side, and gradior, to advance.] A family of spiders which stitch leaves together and make no web, but run sideways or backwards, and occasionally throw out adhesive threads to entrap their prey. Laterite (lat'èr-it), n. [L. later, a brick or tile.] An argillaceous sandstone found in South India and Ceylon. It is a compound of clay and oxide of iron, and is formed by the disintegration of trap or volcanic rocks, but most frequently of gneiss. It is generally of a reddish colour, due to the iron. Laterite, Lateritic (lat'èr-it, lat-ér-it'ik), a. Pertaining to or characterized by laterite. "The laterite formation of the east coast of Southern India.' Nature. "The lateritic deposits of Madras.' Nature. Lateritious (la-tér-i'shus), a. [L. lateritius, from later, a brick.] Like bricks; of the colour of bricks.-Lateritious sediment, a sediment in urine resembling brick-dust, observed after the crisis of fevers and at the termination of gouty paroxysms. Lates (la'tez), n. [Gr. latos, the name of a fish inhabiting the Nile.] One of the most delicately flavoured of the fish of the Nile, belonging to the perch family; the Nile perch (Perca Lates or Lates niloticus). sometimes grows to the length of 3 feet. Latescence (la-tes'ens), n. The quality or condition of being latescent, or of withdrawing or being concealed from public view or cognizance.

It

This obscuration can be conceived in every infinite degree between incipient latescence and irrecoverable latency. Sir W. Hamilton,

Latescent (la-tes'ent), a. Lying hid; latent; not obvious to view or cognizance.

It is too familiar to be notorious, lying, in fact, unexpressed and latescent in every concrete applicaSir W. Hamilton. A corruption of

tion.

Somewhat late.

Latewake (lāt'wāk), n. Lichwake (which see). Lateward (lat'wèrd), adv. [Rare.] Lateward (lát’wèrd), a. Somewhat late; backward. Lateward fruit.' Huloet. [Rare.] Latex (la'teks), n. [L, a fluid juice.] In bot, the elaborated sap of plants contained in peculiar anastomosing vessels, called laticiferous or cinenchymatous. The white milky fluid that exudes from the cut stalk of a dandelion and of many Euphorbiacea is the elaborated sap or latex.

Lath (láth), n. [A. Sax. latta, lætta, D. and G. latte, Fr. latte, It. latta, a lath, a pole, &c. It is not known whether the word is originally Teutonic or Romance.] 1. A thin narrow board or slip of wood that is nailed to the rafters of a building to support the tiles or covering.-2. A thin narrow slip of wood that is nailed to the studs to support the plastering; also, a thin cleft piece of wood used in slating, tiling, and plastering. There are two sorts of laths, single and double, the former being barely inch, while the latter are inch thick. Pantile laths are long square pieces of fir on which the pantiles hang-Lath and plaster, a kind of slight partition formed by lath and plaster alone. I traced the blood (of the rats)... through the openings of the lath and plaster.' Mayhew. -Dagger of lath. See under DAGGER.

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Lath (läth), v.t. To cover or line with laths. A small kiln consists of an oaken frame, lathed on every side. Mortimer. Lath, Lathe (läth, lãTH), n. [A. Sax. læth, a district or division of a county.] A part or large division of a county comprising several hundreds, a term now confined to the county of Kent, in which there are five of these lathes or divisions. Lath-and-plaster (läth'and-plas-tér), a. Pertaining to or resembling a partition formed of lath and plaster only; hence, flimsy; unsubstantial; as, a lath-and-plaster edifice.

Lath-brick (läth'brik), n. A kind of brick 22 inches long and 6 inches broad, used in kilns to dry malt on. Lath-bricks are so named from being used as a substitute for

laths.

Lathe (laTH), n. [Îcel. löth, Dan. lad, a lathe, drejelad, a turning-lathe. The word may have at first meant a frame or framework; comp. Dan. lade, a shed, G. lade, a box, laden, a booth; so G. drechselbank, lit, turningbench. In second sense it corresponds with Sw. and G. lade, a lay or lathe in a loom.] 1. A machine for turning and polishing flat, round, cylindrical, oval, and every intermediate form of body in wood, ivory, metals, &c., the object worked on receiving a rotary motion; it is also used in glass-cutting and earthenware manufacture.-2. That part of a loom in which the reed is fixed, and by the movements of which the weft-threads are laid parallel to each other, shot after shot, in the process of weaving. According to the greater or less impulse of the lathe the weft is laid more or less closely together in the plane of the web. Called also Batten and Lay-Duplex lathe, a lathe which works on two turning tools at once.-Blanchard's lathe, one for turning objects of an irregular form, as lasts, gun-stocks, &c., after a given form.-Foot-lathe, one driven by a treadle worked by the foot.-Hand-lathe, one not having an automatic feed. Throw-lathe, one in which the mechanic drives the lathe with one hand, holding the cutting tool with the other.

Lathe, n.

[Icel. hlatha, Dan. lade, a barn.] A barn or granary. Chaucer. [Obsolete or northern English.] Lathe-bed (laтн'bed), n.

That part of a lathe on which the poppet-head slides. Lathee (läth-e'), n. A pole; a stake. [AngloIndian.]

Sometimes a peasant runs away with a long lathee or stick over his shoulder. W. H. Russell. Lathen (läth'en), a. Made of lath. 'Lathen dagger.' Ainsworth.

Lather (laTH'èr), n. [A. Sax. leathor, leathur, a kind of nitre or soap, whence leathor-wyrt, soapwort; comp. Icel. lauthr, löthr, the froth or foam of sea water, and also a kind of nitre or soap used in washing; Sw. lodder, soap.] 1. Foam or froth made by soap moistened with water.-2. Foam or froth from profuse sweat, as of a horse.

Lather (laTH'ér), v.i. To form a foam with soap and water; to become froth or frothy

matter.

Baynard.

Choose water pure, Such as will lather cold with soap. Lather (laTH'èr), v.t. [A. Sax. lethrian, to anoint. See the noun.] To spread over with lather.

'Tis waste of soap to lather an ass. Macmillan's Mag. Lather (laтí'èr), v.t. To beat; to leather. [Vulgar.] Lathing (läth'ing), n. A covering or lining of laths for walls, &c.; the act of covering with laths.

Lathræa (läth-rē'a), n. [From Gr. lathraios, concealed, in allusion to the plants being found in concealed places.] A genus of plants, nat. order Orobanchaceæ, or broomrape tribe. L. squamaria, or toothwort, is a British parasitical plant, growing on the roots of trees and shrubs. It has a simple fleshy erect stem, a foot or less in height, with fleshy scale-like bracts in place of leaves, and drooping flesh-coloured flowers. This occurs throughout Europe and in Asia: there are two other species, one West European, the other Japanese.

Lath-reeve, Lath-revet (läth'rev), n. [See LATH and REEVE.] An officer in the AngloSaxon government, who presided over a part or division of a county called a lath. Lath-splitter (lath'split-ér), n. One who splits wood into laths. Lath-splitting (läth'split-ing), n. The act or occupation of making laths.

LATINIZE

Lathwork (läth'wèrk), n. A covering of laths to receive plaster.

Lathy (läth'i), a. Thin as a lath; long and slender. 'His lathy falchion.' West. Lathyrus (lath'i-rus), n. [Ancient Greek name of a kind of pulse.] A large genus of elegant often climbing plants, natives of the northern hemisphere and of South America, nat. order Leguminosa, sub-order Papilionacea. They have pinnate leaves, leafy stipules, and often showy solitary or racemose flowers of various hues. Many of these plants are ornamental, such as the sweet-pea (L. odoratus) and the everlastingpea (L. latifolius), and some useful as agricultural plants. There are several British species.

Latialite (la'shal-it), n. [L. Latium, and Gr. lithos, a stone. ] A name given to the mineral hauyne, from its being found in the volcanic earths of that part of Italy corresponding to the ancient Latium.

Latian (lä'shi-an), a. Belonging or relating to Latium, one of the districts or countries of ancient Italy; Latin.

No writer of British birth is reckoned among the masters of Latian poetry. Macaulay.

Latibulize (la-tib'u-liz), v. i. [L. latibulum, a hiding-place.] To retire into a den, burrow, or cavity, and lie dormant in winter; to retreat and lie hid. [Rare.]

The tortoise latibulizes in October.

Shaw.

Latibulum (la-tib'u-lum), n. [L., from lateo, to lie hid.] A hiding-place; a cave; a bur

row.

Laticiferous (lat-i-sif'èr-us), a. [L. latex, sap, and fero, to bear.] In bot. bearing or containing latex or elaborated sap.-Laticiferous vessels or tissue, anastomosing vessels or tubes which contain the latex or sap. This tissue has been more recently termed cinenchyma.

Laticlave (la'ti-klāv), n. [L. laticlaviumlatus, broad, and clavus, a stripe on cloth.] A broad stripe of purple on the fore part of the tunic worn by Roman senators, and serving as a mark of their rank. Laticostate (la-ti-kost'ät), a. [L. latus, broad, and costa, a rib.] Broad-ribbed. Latidentate (la-ti-dent'at), a. [L. latus, and dens, a tooth.] Broad-toothed. Latifoliate, Latifolious (la-ti-fō'li-āt, lati-fo'li-us), a. [L. latus, and folium, a leaf.] Broad-leaved, as a plant. Latimert (lat'im-ér), n.

Latiner. preter.

[A corruption of See extract below.] An inter

Latimer is used by Sir Edward Coke for an interpreter. It seems that the word is mistaken and should be Latiner, because heretofore he that understood Latin, which in the time of the Romans was the prevailing language, might be a good interpreter. Facob. Latin (la'tin), a. [L. Latinus, from Latium, the district of Italy in which Rome was built.] 1. Pertaining to the Latins, a people of Latium in Italy; Roman; as, the Latin language.-2. Pertaining to or composed in the language spoken by the Latins or Romans; as, a Latin grammar; a Latin idiom. -Latin Church, the Western Church; the Christian church in Italy, France, Spain, and other countries where the Latin language was introduced, as distinct from the Greek or Eastern Church.

Latin (la'tin), n. 1. A native or inhabitant of Latium.-2. The language of the ancient Romans.-3. An exercise in schools, consisting in turning English into Latin.

In learning farther his syntaxis, he shall not use the common order in schools for making of Latins. Ascham.

Latin (la'tin), v.t. To turn into Latin. "The well latined apology in his behalf.' Fuller. Latint (la'tin), v.i. To use Latin words or phrases.

Latinism (la'tin-izm), n. A Latin idiom; a mode of speech peculiar to the Latins.

Milton has made use of frequent transpositions, Latinisms, antiquated words and phrases.

Addison.

Latinist (la'tin-ist), n. One skilled in Latin.

He left school a good Latinist. Macaulay. Latinistic (la-tin-ist'ik), a. Of or pertaining to Latin; in a Latin style or idiom. Coleridge. Latinitaster (la-tin'i-tas-tèr), n. One who has a smattering of Latin. Latinity (la-tin'i-ti), n. The Latin tongue, style, or idiom, or the use thereof; specifically, purity of the Latin style or idiom. Latinization (la'tin-iz-a"shon), n. The act of rendering into Latin. Latinize (la'tin-iz), v. t. pret. & pp. latinized; ppr. latinizing. 1. To translate into Latin.

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