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Namur subdued is England's palm alone. Dryden. 8. A popular name for the bloom of the Salix caprea or great sallow.

In colour like the satin-shining palm On sallows in the windy gleams of March. Tennyson. Palm (päm), v.t. pret. and pp. palmed; ppr. palming. 1. To conceal in the palm of the hand, as jugglers or cheaters.

They palmed the trick that lost the game. Prior. 2. To impose by fraud: generally followed by upon before the person and off before the object; as, to palm of trash upon the public. For you may palm upon us new for old.' Dryden.-3. To handle. Prior.4. To stroke with the hand. Palmaceæ (pal-ma'sē-ē), n. pl. [L. palma, the palm of the hand, a palm-tree-from its leaves spreading like the palm of the hand.] The palms, a nat. order of arborescent endogens, chiefly inhabiting the tropics, distinguished by their fleshy, colour

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Palmata (pal-ma'ta), n. [L. palma, the palm.] In the R. Cath. Ch. a penance which consisted in striking the hand on the ground. Rev. Orby Shipley. Palmate, Palmated (pal'mat, pal'mat-ed), a. [L. palmatus, from palma, palm.] 1. Having the shape of the hand; resembling a hand with the fingers spread; as, palmated leaves or tubers.2. Having the toes webbed; having webs between the toes; as, the palmated feet of aquatic fowls. Palmately (pal'mät-li), adv. In a palmate

mate, and L. sectus, cut.] In bot. a term applied to a palmate leaf, in which the lobes are divided down to the midrib, and the parenchyma is interrupted. Palm-bird (päm'bérd), n. A beautiful bird of West Africa, with bright orange and black

PALMETTES

Palmettes (pal'mets), n. [Fr.]_In_arch. small ornaments resembling palm-leaves carved on some Roman mouldings. Palmetto (pal-met'tō), n. [Sp. palmito, the palmetto, dim. from L. palma, a palm.] A common name of several palms, especially of Sabal Palmetto, the cabbage palmetto, growing in the West Indies and in the southern states of North America, producing useful timber, and leaves that are made into hats, mats, &c. The name is also given to Chamaerops humilis, the small palm of Southern Europe.

Palm-honey (päm'hun-i), n. The inspissated and very sweet juice of a species of palm growing in Chili. See COQUITO. Palm-house (päm'hous), n. A glass house for raising palms and other tropical plants. Palmiferous (pal-mif'èr-us), a. [L. palma, a palm-tree, and fero, to bear.] Bearing or producing palms.

Palmigrade (pal'mi-grād), a. [L. palma, the palm, and gradior, to walk.] A term applied to animals that walk on the sole of the foot, and not merely on the toes; plantigrade.

Palmiped (pal'mi-ped), a. [L. palma, the palm of the hand, and pes, pedis, a foot.] Web-footed; having the toes connected by a membrane, as a water-fowl. Palmiped (pal'mi-ped), n. pl. Palmipeds, Palmipedes (palmi-pedz, pal-mip'e-dez). A bird that has webbed feet, or the toes connected by a membrane. The Palmipedes form the sixth order of birds in Cuvier's arrangement, corresponding to the Natatores, or swimming birds, of other naturalists. The goose and duck are familiar examples. See NATATORES. Palmister (pal'mis-tér), n. One who deals in palmistry, or pretends to tell fortunes by the palm of the hand.

Some vain palmisters have gone so far as to take upon them, by the sight of the hand, to judge of Bp. Hall.

fortunes.

Palmistry (pal'mis-tri), n. [From L. palma, the palm of the hand.] 1. The art or practice of divining or telling fortunes by the lines and marks in the palm of the hand; a species of imposition much practised by gypsies; also, the art of judging character from the shape of the hand. Sir T. Browne. 2. Manual dexterity. [Humorous.]

He found his pocket was picked; that being a kind of palmistry at which this race of vermin are very dexterous. Addison.

Palmitic (pal-mit'ik), a. Pertaining to or obtained from palm-oil. - Palmitic acid (C16 H2O2), an acid discovered by Fremy in palm-oil. In appearance it resembles margaric acid, forming pearly scales. With chlorine it forms a variety of acid oils. Palmitin, Palmitine (pal'mi-tin), n. CHs (C16 H31O2)3. The principal solid ingredient of palm-oil, a solid colourless crystalline substance, melting at about 45° C. Palm-kale (päm'kāl), n. A variety of the cabbage extensively cultivated in the Channel Islands. It grows to the height of 10 or 12 feet, and has much the aspect of a palm.

Palm-oil (päm'oil), n. A fatty substance obtained from several species of palms, but chiefly

from

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matter yielded by the juice of various kinds of palms, from which cane-sugar may be extracted; jaggery.

Palm-Sunday (päm'sun-dā), n. The Sunday next before Easter; so called in commemoration of our Saviour's triumphal entry into Jerusalem, when the multitude strewed palm branches in the way.

Palm-tree (päm'trē), n. A popular name for many species of the Palmacen (which see).

Palm-wine (päm'win), n. A species of wine obtained by fermenting the juice of the flowers and stems of the cocoa-nut palm, the Palmyra-palm, the oil-palm, and other palms.

Palm-worm (päm'wêrm), n. A species of centiped found in America. It is about 12 inches long, and inflicts painful wounds. Palmy (päm'i), a. 1. Bearing or abounding in palms. Palmy hillock. Milton. The palmy land.' Dryden. -2. Worthy of the palm; flourishing; prosperous. In the most high and palmy state of Rome.' Shak. Palmyra, Palmyra-palm (pal-mï'ra, palmi'ra-päm), n. A name given to Borassus flabelliformis, the most common palm of India, the wood of which, in old trees, is very hard, black, heavy, durable, susceptible of a high polish, and valuable. It grows to the height of 40 or even 60 feet; the leaves are about 4 feet long, with stalks of the same length. They are employed in making fans and punkahs, and also in thatching; the fruit is eaten; the sap is drunk in its natural state, and forms a refreshing beverage, or is evaporated to make jaggery or coarse sugar; when fermented it forms palm-wine. The young plants are cooked as green vegetables. Numbers of the inhabitants of Southern India and Northern Ceylon owe a great part of their subsistence to this palm.

Palmyra-wood (pal-mi'ra-wud), n. A name given to the wood of the Palmyra-palm and other palms imported into this country. Palmyrene (pal-mi-rēn'), 2. A native or inhabitant of Palmyra. 'The Palmyrene that fought Aurelian.' Tennyson. Palmyrene (pal-mi-rēn'), a, Ŏf or pertaining to Palmyra or its inhabitants. Palo (palo), n. An eastern medical preparation obtained by macerating the stem of Tinospora cordifolius, and evaporating the solution to dryness.

Palolo (pa-lo'lo), n. [Palolo, balolo, the native name.] A dorsibranchiate annelid (P. viridus) found in great abundance in the sea near the coral reefs in the South Sea Islands. They are taken in vast numbers in nets by the islanders, who esteem them, when roasted, as a great delicacy. Palp, Palpus (palp, pal'pus), n. [Mod. L. palpus, from L. palpare, to stroke, to touch softly, to feel.] In zool. a jointed sensitive organ or feeler of an insect. See PALPI. Palp† (palp), v.t. To feel; to have a feeling of. And bring a palped darkness o'er the earth.' Heywood.

Palpability (pal-pa-bil'i-ti), n. The quality of being palpable or perceptible by the touch; palpableness.

Palpable (pal'pa-bl), a. [Fr. palpable, from L. palpabilis, that can be touched, palpable, from palpo, to touch.] 1. Perceptible by the touch; capable of being felt.

I see thee yet, in form as palpable
As this (dagger) which now I draw. Shak.

2. Easily perceived and detected; plain; obvious; easily perceptible; as, a palpable absurdity. Gross as a mountain, open, palpable (said of lies).' Shak. 'Gross and palpable mistakes.' Woodward.

Many writers have been unwilling to class any labour as productive, unless its result is palpable in

some material object, capable of being transferred

from one person to another.

F. S. Mill.

Palpableness (pal'pa-bl-nes), n. The quality of being palpable; plainness; obviousness;

grossness.

Palpably (pal'pa-bli), adv. In a palpable manner: (a) in such a manner as to be perceived by the touch. (b) Grossly; plainly: obviously.

Clodius was acquitted by a corrupt jury that had Bacon. palpably taken shares of money. Palpation (pal-pa'shon), n. [L. palpatio, from palpo, to feel, to stroke.] 1. The act of feeling. 'Sensible palpation.' Glanville. 2. In pathol. manual examination, or a method of exploring diseases by feeling or pressing upon the diseased organ. Palpebral (pal'pe-bral), a. [L. palpebra,

PALTRILY

an eyelid.] Pertaining to the eyelid or eyebrow.

Having the

Palpi (pal'pi), n. pl. [N.L. palpus, a feeler. See PALP.] In entom. jointed processes, supposed to be organs of touch, attached in pairs to the labium and maxilla of insects, and termed respectively labial and maxillary palpi or feelers. Palpi are developed also from the oral appendages of spiders and crustacea, as also from the sides of the mouth of the acephalous molluscs. Palpicorn (pal'pi-korn), n. and a. One of or pertaining to the Palpicornes. Palpicornes (pal'pi-kor-nēz), n. pl. [N.L. palpi, feelers, and cornu, a horn.] A family of pentamerous coleoptera, having antennæ with club-like terminations, which are usually shorter than one of the pairs of palpi. They are mostly aquatic. Palpiform (pal'pi-form), a. form of palpi or feelers. Kirby. Palpigerous (pal-pij'ér-us), a. palpi or feelers. Kirby. Palpitate (pal'pi-tāt), v.i. pret. palpitated; ppr. palpitating. [L. palpito, palpitatum, freq. of palpo, to feel.] To beat rapidly; to pulsate violently; to flutter or move with slight throbs; to throb: applied particularly to an abnormal or excited movement of the heart, as from fright or disease; hence, to tremble; to quiver. "The palpitating pines.' E. B. Browning. Palpitation (pal-pi-tā'shon), n. [L. palpitatio, palpitationis, a palpitation. PALPITATE.] A sensible beating of the heart; particularly, a violent and unnatural beating or pulsation such as is excited by violent action, or by fright or disease. Her bosom heaves

Bearing

See

Thomson.

With palpitations wild. Palpus, n. See PALP, PALPI. Palsgrave (palz'grāv), n. [G. pfalzgraf, from pfalz, contr. from L. palatium, palace, and graf, an earl. See GRAF.] A count palatine; a count or earl who has the superintendence of the king's palace.

The king came to the door and took the palsgrave in with him. Hallam. Palsgravine (palz'gra-vin), n. The consort or widow of a palsgrave. Palsical + (pal'sik-al), a. Affected with palsy; paralytic.

Palsied (pal'zid), p. and a. Affected with palsy.

All thy blessed youth Becomes as aged, and doth beg the alms Shak. Of palsied eld. Palstave (pal'stāv), n. [Icel. pálstafr, a pole-staff.] A wedge- or axe-shaped weapon, united to a cleft haft, used by Celtic nations. Palster† (pal'stér), n. [D. palster, a long staff.] A pilgrim's staff. Halliwell. Palsy (pal'zi), n. [A contr. of paralysis (which see).] A weakening, suspension, or abolition of function, whether of intellect, sensation, or motion; paralysis. See PARALYSIS.

Palsy (pal'zi), v.t. pret. & pp. palsied; ppr. palsying. To paralyse; to affect with palsy or as with palsy; to deprive of action or energy.

Palsy-wort (pal'zi-wèrt). [Palsy, and wort, a plant.] The cowslip (Primula veris), which was once thought good for palsy. Palter (pal'ter), v.i. [Of same origin as paltry, and probably originally having reference to the haggling of dealers in old clothes and the like with their customers. Cotgrave has 'to haggle, hucke, dodge, or paulter long in the buying of a commoditie.' There may have been at one time a noun palter, a petty dealer. See PALTRY.] To act insincerely; to equivocate; to haggle; to shift; to dodge; to play tricks. 'Romans that have spoke the word and will not palter.' Shak. These juggling fiends that palter with us in a double sense.' Shak.

Who never sold the truth to serve the hour, Or paltered with eternal God for power. Tennyson. Paltert (pal'ter), v.t. To squander, expend, or use in a paltry manner. Paltering the free and moneyless power of discipline with Palterer (pal'tér-ér), n. a carnal satisfaction by the purse.' Milton. One that palters;

an insincere dealer; a shifter. Palterly † (pal'tér-li), a. Mean; paltry. 'In palterly clothes.' Pepys.

Paltock+ (pal'tok), n. [Fr. paletoque. See PALETOT.] A kind of jacket or doublet. 'Their hose are of two colours, or pied with more, which they tie to their paltocks with white latchets." Camden. Paltrily (pal'tri-li), adv. In a paltry manner; despicably; meanly.

PALTRINESS

Paltriness (pal'tri-nes), n. The state of being paltry, vile, or worthless. Paltry (pal'tri), a. [L.G. paltrig, palterig, pultrig, pulterig, ragged, from palte, pulte, a rag, a tatter; Fris. palt, G. palte, Sw. palta (plur. paltor), Dan. pialt, a rag. See PALTER] Mean; vile; worthless; despicable; as, a paltry trifle. "A paltry ring." 'A very dishonest paltry boy.' Shak. 'To save a paltry life." Shak.-Contemptible, Despicable, Paltry, Pitiful. See under CONTEMPTIBLE.

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PAN

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of temporary interest which excites public attention at the time of its appearance. Pamphlet (pam'flet), v.i. To write a pamphlet or pamphlets. Howell. Pamphleteer (pam-flet-er), n. A writer of pamphlets; a scribbler. A pamphleteer on guano and on grain.' Tennyson.

Atterbury was among the most active of these pamphleteers who inflamed the nation against the Whig ministry. Macaulay. Pamphleteer (pam-flet-er'), v.i. To write and issue pamphlets.

We will let it preach, and pamphleteer, and fight, and to the uttermost bestir itself, and do, beak and claw, whatsoever is in it. Carlyle.

Pampilion+ (pam-pil'i-on), n. 1. A kind of fur.-2. A coat of different colours formerly worn by servants.

Pampiniform (pam-pin'i-form), n. [L. pampinus, a tendril, and forma, form.] Resembling a tendril: applied in anat. to the spermatic arteries and veins.

Pampre (pam'pér), n. [Fr., from L. pampinus, a vine leaf or vine foliage.] In arch. an ornament consisting of vine leaves and grapes, with which the hollows of the circumvolutions of twisted columns are sometimes decorated.

Pampred, pp. Pampered; made plump. Chaucer.

Pan (pan), n. [A. Sax. panne, D. pan, G.
pfanne, all from L. L. panna, for patna, L.
patina, a broad dish, a pan, from pateo, to
be wide.] 1. A kind of vessel: (a) a vessel
of tin, iron, or other metal, often rather
shallow; a vessel of various kinds used
for domestic purposes. (b) In the arts and
manuf. an open vessel for boiling or eva-
porating, as a sugar-pan, salt-pan, &c.; or
an open vessel in which the contents are
not heated, as an amalgamating pan, a pro-
specting pan, &c.; also applied to closed
vessels for the same or similar purposes, as
a vacuum pan.-2. The part of a flint-lock
which holds the priming that communicates
with the charge.-3. Something hollow;
hence, the skull; the upper part of the head;
the cranium; as, the brain pan.-4. In agri.
see HARD-PAN.-5. In carp. (a) a square of
framing in half-timbered houses. Gwilt.
(b) The socket for a hinge. E. H. Knight.-
6. A leaf of gold or silver. Simmonds.-7. A
pond or depression for evaporating salt
water to make salt.-8. In South Africa and
elsewhere, a natural pond of any size con-
Pant (pan), v. t. pret. & pp. panned; ppг.
taining fresh or salt water, or only mud.
panning. [Probably from A. Sax. pan, a
piece, plait,hem; or Fr. pan, a piece of cloth,
both from L. pannus, a piece of cloth, a
patch.] To join; to close together.
Pan (pan), v.i. To unite; to fit; to agree.
[Provincial English.]

Weal and women cannot pan,
But wo and women can.

Pan (pan), n. In anc. Greek myth. the chief god of pastures, forests, and flocks. The original seat of his worship was the solitudes of Arcadia, whence it gradually spread over the rest of Greece. He was represented with the head and breast of an elderly man,

while his lower parts were like the hind quarters of a goat, whose horns he likewise bore on his forehead. He is represented also as fond of music, and of dancing with the forest nymphs, and as the inventor of the syrinx or shepherd's flute, hence termed Pan's-pipes or Pandean pipes. The Romans identified the Greek Pan with their

PAN

own Italian god Inuus, and sometimes also with Faunus.

Pan (pan), n. [Hind.] The Indian name of the famous eastern narcotic masticatory, consisting of areca-nut sliced and wrapped up in leaves of the betel-pepper vine, along with a small quantity of quicklime. It is chewed by all classes in many Asiatic countries, taking the place of opium and tobacco. Panabase (pan'a-bās), n. [Gr. pan, all, and E. base.] A gray copper-ore, containing also sulphur, antimony, fron, and zinc. Panacea (pan-a-se'a), n. [L., from Gr. panakeia, a universal remedy-pan, all, and akeomai, to cure.] 1. A remedy for all diseases; a universal medicine; a catholicon. 'An infallible panacea.' T. Warton.-2. A herb, called also All-heal. Spenser. Panache (pan-ash), n. [Fr.; Ö.Fr. penache; It. pennachio, from penna, a feather.] 1. In arch. the French name for the triangular surface of a pendentive (which see).-2. In anc. armour, a bunch of feathers on the apex of the helmet; a plume. A panache of variegated plumes.' Prescott. Panada, Panade (pa-nā'da, pa-nād'), n. [Fr. panade, from L. panis, It. pane, bread.] A kind of food made by boiling bread in water to the consistence of pulp, and sweetened. Also, a batter for mixing with forcemeats and anciently employed for basting. Written also Panado.

Panama - hat (pan-a-mä'hat), n. A fine plaited hat made of the young leaves (before expansion) of a stemless screw-pine (Carludovica palmata) by the natives of Central America. They are generally worn in the West Indies and the American continent, and fetch a high price.

Pan-Anglican (pan-ang'glik-an), a. Applied to an assembly of representatives holding Episcopalian tenets and principles, from all parts of the world.

Panary (pan'a-ri), a. [L. panis, bread.] Pertaining to bread; as, panary fermentation. Panary (pan'a-ri), n A storehouse for bread; a pantry. Halliwell.

Panathenæa (panʼath-e-nē"a), n. [Gr.] The most celebrated festival of ancient Athens. It was in honour of Athene, the patroness of the city, and was designed to remind the people of Attica of their union into one people by Theseus. Gymnastie games and musical competitions, &c., took place. There were two varieties of the Panathenæa-the lesser and the greater: the former held annually, the latter every fourth year. The greater differed from the lesser only in its greater solemnity and magnificence. Panax (på'naks), n. [From Gr. pan, all, and akos, remedy-referring to the stimulant drug ginseng, to which miraculous virtue is ascribed by the Chinese.] A genus of plants belonging to the nat. order Araliaceæ. P. schinseng is the plant whose root yields the ginseng so much valued by the Chinese. See GINSENG.

Pancake (pan'kāk), n. A thin cake of batter fried or baked in a pan.

Some folks think it will never be good times, till houses are tiled with pancakes. Franklin. Pancake-Tuesday (pan'kāk-tūz-dā), n. Shrove-Tuesday. Pancarte (pan kärt), n. [Fr.; L. pancharta -Gr. pan, all, and L. charta, a chart.] A royal charter confirming the enjoyment of all his possessions to a subject. Panch (pansh), n. Naut. a thick and strong mat, to be fastened on yards to prevent friction. Written also Paunch and Paunchmat.

Panchrestos (pan-krēs'tos), n. [Gr. pan, all, and chrestos, useful.] A panacea. Dunglison.

Panchway (pansh'wā), n. Same as Pans

way.

Lee.

Pancratian (pan-krā'shan), a. Pertaining to the pancratium; pancratic. 'The stout pancratian toil.' Pancratiast, Pancratist (pan-krā'shi-ast, pan'krat-ist), n. A combatant or competitor in the pancratium.

Pancratiastic† (pan-krā'shi-as"tik), a. Pancratic. "The great pancratiastic crown.' West.

Pancratic, Pancratical (pan-krat'ik, pankrat'ik-al), a. [Gr. pan, all, and kratos, strength.] Pertaining to the pancratium; athletic; excelling in all gymnastic exercises. Á full pancratic habit.' Hammond. "The most pancratical man of Greece.' Sir T. Browne. - Pancratic eye-piece, an eyepiece adapted to microscopes, telescopes, and similar instruments, capable of adjust

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ment so as to obtain a variable magnifying power.

Pancratium (pan-krā’shi-um), n. [Gr. pangkration. See PANCRATIC.] 1. One of the games or gymnastic contests exhibited at all the great festivals of ancient Greece. It consisted of boxing and wrestling.-2. In bot. a genus of highly ornamental bulbous-rooted South American monocotyledonous plants, nat. order Amaryllidaceae, of which about thirty species are known. They have fine, large, white flowers, yielding an agreeable scent, and are much prized by horticulturists. Pancreas (pan'krē-as), n. [Gr. pan, all, and kreas, flesh.] A gland of the body situated between the bottom of the stomach and the vertebræ of the loins, reaching from the liver to the spleen, and inclosed by the peritoneum. It secretes a fluid which it pours into the duodenum during digestion. It is also called the Abdominal Salivary Gland. The pancreas of cattle is called the Sweetbread.

Pancreatic (pan-krē-at'ik), a. Pertaining to the pancreas; as, pancreatic juice. Pancreatine (pan'kre-a-tin), n. The active principle of the pancreatic fluid. It is a nitrogenous organic substance, which has the property of emulsifying oil and fat, and rendering them capable of absorption; and it also dissolves starch by converting it into glucose. It is a powerful agent of digestion. Pancreatitis (pan'krē-a-ti"tis), n. Inflammation of the pancreas.

Pancreatoid (pan'krē-a-toid), n. A tumour resembling the pancreas in structure. Dunglison.

Pancyt (pan'si), n. A pansy. Dryden. Pand (pand), n. [Fr. pente, a valance, influenced perhaps by O.Fr. pand, a skirt, Mod. Fr. pan.] A narrow curtain fixed to the top or to the lower part of a bed; a valance. [Scotch.]

Where's the... beds of state, pands and testers, napery and broidered work? Sir W. Scott.

Panda (pan'da), n. An ursine quadruped of the genus Ailurus, the A. fulgens. It is a

Panda (Ailurus fulgens).

native of the woody parts of the mountains of Northern India, is of a bright fulvous colour, and about the size of a large cat. It dwells chiefly in trees, preying on birds, but it also eats small quadrupeds and large insects. It is also called Wah and Chit-wah, from a peculiar cry which it utters.

Pandanacea (pan-da-na'se-ē), n. pl. [See PANDANUS.] A nat. order of trees or shrubs, with long, rigid, sword-shaped leaves, re

sembling those of the pine-apple, usually arranged in a manner so obviously spiral that they are commonly called screw-pines. They are natives of tropical regions, where they form a conspicuous feature of the vegetation.

Pandanus (pan-da'nus), n. [From pandang, a Malay word signifying conspicuous.] A

Pandanus (Flower and Fruit of P. odoratissimus).

genus of plants from which the nat. order Pandanacere, or screw-pine tribe, derives its name. The species are found in the Mascarene Islands, as well as in the southern

PANDOOR

parts of India. The flowers of one species (P. odoratissimus) are highly fragrant. Oil impregnated with this odour and the distilled water of the flowers, are highly esteemed both for their odour and their medicinal use as stimulants. The roots are composed of tough fibres, and serve the natives for corks. The leaves are used for covering huts, for matting, cordage, &c. P. utilis is cultivated in Mauritius for its leaves, which are used in the manufacture of the bags or sacks in which sugar is exported. See SCREW-PINE.

Pandar (pan'der), n. Same as Pander. 'Virginia was seized by the pandar of Appius.' Macaulay.

Pandarism (pan'der-izm), n. Same as Panderism. Swift.

Pandarize (pan'dėr-iz), v.i. pret. pandarized; ppr. pandarizing. To act the part of a pander.

Pandarous (pan'dér-us), a. Characterizing a pander; panderly. 'Pandarous diligence." Middleton.

Pandation (pan-dā'shon), n. [L. pandatio, a bending or warping, from pando, to bend.j In arch. a yielding or bending in the middle. Weale.

Pandean (pan-dē'an), a. Pertaining to Pan. -Pandean pipes, Pan's-pipes (which see). Pandect (pan'dekt), n. [L. pandectæ, from Gr. pandektes-pan, all, and dechomai, to contain, to take.] 1. A treatise which contains the whole of any science. 'A pandect mak'st, and universal book.' Donne.-2. pl. The digest or collection of Roman civil law, made by order of the emperor Justinian, and containing decisions or judgments of lawyers, to which the emperor gave the force and authority of law. This compilation, the most important of the body of Roman civil law, consists of fifty books. Pandemic (pan-dem'ik), a. [Gr. pan, all, and demos, people.] Incident to a whole people; epidemic; as, a pandemic disease. Harvey.

Pandemonium, Pandæmonium (pan-dēmō'ni-um), n. (Gr. pan, all, and daimon, a demon.] 1. The place of abode of demons or evil spirits; hell: a name invented and used by Milton rather as a proper name than a general term.

Milton.

Pandemonium, the high capital Of Satan and his peers. Hence-2. Any lawless, disorderly place or assemblage; as, this part of the town became a very pandemonium.

Pander (pan'der), n. [From Pandarus, who performs the part of a pimp in the story of Troilus and Cressida.] A pimp; a procurer; a male bawd; a mean profligate wretch who caters for the lust of others; hence, one who ministers to the gratification of any of the baser passions.

Those wicked panders to avarice and ambition, who would tempt him to seek another fortune.

Burke.

Pander (pan'dêr), v.t. To pimp for; to procure the gratification of the lust or baser passions of. 'Reason panders will.' Shak. [Rare.]

Pander (pan'dèr), v.i. To act as agent for the lusts of others; to minister to the passions or prejudices of others for selfish ends. He had, during many years, earned his daily bread by pandering to the vicious taste of the pit.

Panderage (pan’dėr-āj), n. Macaulay.

The act of pan

A

Panderess, Pandaress (pan'dér-es), n.
dering.
female pander; a procuress.
Panderism (pan'đèr-izm), n. The employ-
Panderly (pan'der-li), a. Pimping; pandar-
ment of a pander; pimping.
ous; acting the pander. 'Panderly rascals.'
Shak.

Panderous (pan'dèr-us), a. Belonging to a
pander or to panderism.
Pandiculated (pan-dik'ü -lāt - ed), a.
Stretched out; extended.

Pandiculation (pan-dik'ü-lā"shon), n. [L. pandiculor, pandiculatum, to stretch one's self, from pando, to spread out.] The stretching of one's self, as when newly awaked from sleep, or when sleepy or fatigued; a restlessness and stretching observed at the outset of certain paroxysms of fever, hysteria, &c. It is sometimes, but rather incorrectly, used to mean yawning. Pandiculation, vulgarly called yawning.' De Quincey.

Pandit (pan'dit), n. See PUNDIT.
Pandoor (pan'dör), n. [So called from being
first levied in the mountainous districts of
Hungary near the village of Pandur.] One

PANDORA

of a body of Austrian foot-soldiers, formerly dreaded for their savage mode of warfare. Written also Pandour.

Pandora (pan-do'ra), n. [Gr. pan, all, and doron, a gift. ] In class. myth. the name of the first woman on earth, on whom all the gods and goddesses bestowed gifts.-Pandora's box, a box which she brought from heaven, containing all human ills, upon opening which all escaped and spread over the earth, hope alone remaining. At a later period the box is said to have contained all the blessings of the gods, which would have been preserved for the human race had not Pandora opened it, so that the blessings, with the exception of hope, escaped. Pandoran (pan'dō-ran), n. Same as Pan

dore.

Pandore (pan'dor), n. [See BANDORE.] An instrument of music of the lute kind; a bandore. Drayton.

Pandour (pan'dör), n. Same as Pandoor. Pandowdy (pan-dou'di), n. A pudding made of bread and apples baked together. Pandress (pan'dres), n. A female who panders; a procuress.

Pandura (pan'dü-ra), n. [See BANDORE.] A Neapolitan musical instrument, of a larger size than the mandoline, and strung with eight metal wires. It is played with a quill. Pandurate, Pandurated (pan'du-rāt, pan'dü-rat-ed), a. Panduriform. Panduriform (pan-dü'ri-form), a. [L. pandura, a bandore, and forma, shape.] In bot. shaped like a pandura; fiddleshaped; obovate with a concavity in each side like a violin: applied to a leaf.

Pandy(pan'di), n. [From Pandu, the father of the five princes named Pandavas, whose con

Leaf.

tests for regal supremacy with Panduriform their cousins, the Kurus, forms the foundation of the Mahabharata, the great epic of the Hindus. Pandy thus became a prevalent proper name of persons.] A Hindu; a sepoy.

Still Pandy holds on, and when the dust clears away, there is his white turban and his black face visible.... Why Pandy! Well, because it is a very common name among the sepoys-like Smith of London, or any other generic designation.

W. H. Russell.

Pandy (pan'di), v.t. [L. pande, second pers. sing. imp. af pando, to spread out, to extend, to unfold. The word dates back to the time when Latin was spoken in schools, when the master ordered his scholars to hold out their hands for punishment in the phrase 'pande manum,' or shortly pande.] To strike on the hand with a strap or cane. [Scotch school term.]

Pandy (pan'di), n. A stroke on the hand with a cane or strap. [Scotch school term.] Pane (pän), n. [A. Sax. pan, a piece, plait, hem; Fr. pan, a piece of cloth, an extent or surface of any kind, as a part of a wall; both from L. pannus, a piece of cloth, a patch, whence also panel.] 1. A division; a distinct part or piece of any surface; a patch.

The knight showed me a pane of the wall, and said, Sir, see you yonder part of the wall which is newer than all the remnant." Ful. Berners.

It is now chiefly used with more or less technical meanings; as, (a) a plate of glass inserted in a window, door, and the like. (b) A square in a checkered pattern. (c) A flat dressed side of a stone. (d) A panel or division of a work; a sunken portion surrounded by a border. (e) In irrigation, a subdivision of the irrigated surface between a feeder and an outlet drain. (f) The side of a tower, spire, or other building.-2. † An opening or slash in a dress, either for the purpose of showing the garment underneath, or for the insertion of a piece of cloth of another colour or fabric; also, a piece of cloth of a different colour inserted in a garment for ornament.

He (Lord Mountjoy) ware jerkins and round hose ... with laced panes of russet cloath. Fynes Moryson.

Pane, n. [0. Fr. panne, a skin or hide.] A hide or side of fur. 'Pane of gray fur.' Palsgrave.

Pane (pan), n. [Fr. panne, G. pinne, a pane or peen, the German also meaning a pin or peg, &c.; allied to pin.] The edged or pointed end of a hammer-head; the peen or piend. Paned (pånd), p. and a. 1. Provided with panes; composed of small panes

[blocks in formation]
[graphic]

squares.-2. Ornamented with panes. See Pang (pang), v.t. To torture; to give extreme PANE, 2. pain to. Shak.

My spruce ruff, My hooded cloak, long stocking, and paned hose. Massinger.

Panegyric (pa-ne-ji'rik), n. [Fr. panegyrique; Gr. panegyrikos, fit for a public assembly, from panegyris, a public assembly -pas, pan, all, and agyris, agora, an assembly, from ageiro, to bring together, from ago, to lead.] 1. An oration or eulogy, written or spoken, in praise of some distinguished person or achievement, or body of men; a formal or elaborate encomium.-2. Praise bestowed on some eminent person, action, or virtue; laudation; as, to speak of a person in a tone of exaggerated panegyric. Panegyric, Panegyrical (pa-ne-ji'rik, pane-ji'rik-al), a. Containing praise or eulogy; encomiastic. 'Panegyric halleluiahs.' Donne. Some of his odes are panegyrical, others moral, the rest jovial. Dryden. Panegyrically (pa-ne-ji'rik-al-li), adv. By way of panegyric. Sir J. Mackintosh. Panegyris (pa-ne'ji-ris), n. [Gr. See PANEGYRIC.] A festival; a public meeting. Milton; Harris.

Panegyrist (pa-ne-ji'rist), n. [See PANEGYRIC.] One who bestows praise; a eulogist; an encomiast, either by writing or speaking. Camden.

Panegyrize (pa'ne-ji-riz), v. t. pret. & pp. panegyrized; ppr. panegyrizing. [Gr. panegyrizo, to celebrate a public festival, to make a set speech.] To praise highly; to write or pronounce a panegyric or eulogy on.

Gower, Chaucer, and Lydgate are panegyrized with great propriety. f. Warton.

Panegyrize (pa'ne-ji-riz), v.i. To indulge

in panegyric; to bestow praises. Panegyry (pa'ne-ji-ri), n. A panegyric. Milton.

Panel (pan'el), n. [O. Fr. panel, pannel, Mod. Fr. panneau, dim. of pan, a pane, a panel, from L. pannus. See PANE.] 1. A surface or compartment of a surface more or less distinct from others: a term used more especially in architecture and the constructive arts; as, (a) an area on a wall or the like sunk from the general face of the surrounding work; a compartment of a wainscot or ceiling, or of the surface of a wall, &c.; sometimes inclosing sculptured ornaments. (b) In joinery, a tympanum or thin piece of wood, framed or received in a groove by two upright pieces or styles, and two transverse pieces or rails; as, the panels of doors, window-shutters, &c. (c) In masonry, one of the faces of a hewn stone.-2. In painting, a piece of wood, as oak, chestnut, or white poplar, upon which, instead of canvas, a picture is painted. The earliest paintings in oil were generally executed on panels, which were composed of various pieces of wood cemented together.-3. In law, a piece of parchment or schedule, containing the names of persons summoned by the sheriff, as to serve upon a jury. Hence more generally4. The whole jury.-5. In Scots law, the accused person in a criminal action from the time of his appearance.

Panel (pan'el), v.t. pret. & pp. panelled; ppr. panelling. To form with panels; as, to panel a wainscot.

Without panes of

Paneless (pan'les), a, glass. Shenstone. Panellation (pan-el-a'shon), n. The act of impannelling a jury. [Rare.]

ton,

They in the said panellation did put Rich. Wot.. and other privileged persons, which were not wont anciently to be impannelled. A Wood. Panelling (pan'el-ing), n. Panelled work. Panel-saw (pan'el-sa), n. A saw used for cutting very thin wood in the direction of

the fibres or across them. Its blade is about 26 inches long, and it has about six teeth to the inch.

Panel-work (pan'el-werk), n. Wainscot laid out in panels.

Paneulogism (pan-u'lo-jizm), n. [Gr. pan, all, and eulogia, eulogy.] Eulogy of everybody and everything; indiscriminate praise. With all its excellencies-and they are many-her book has a trace of the cant of paneulogism. National Rev. Panful (pan'ful), n. The quantity that a pan ! will hold. Pang (pang), n. [Origin doubtful; comp. A. Sax. pyngan, to prick, pungetung, a pricking; W. pang, a pang, a convulsion.] A sudden paroxysm of extreme pain; a transitory or recurring attack of agony; an acutely painful spasm; a throe.

I saw the hoary traitor
Grin in the pangs of death, and bite the ground.
Addison.

or

Pang (pang), v.t. To press; to cram in whatever way; to cram with food. [Scotch.]

Pangolin (pan'gō-lin), n. [Malay pangiling, pangguling.] An edentate scaled mammal of the genus Manis (which see). Panhellenic (pan-hel-len'ik), a. [Gr. pas, pan, all, and Hellenikos, Greek, Hellas, Greece.] Pertaining to all Greece. Panhellenism (pan-hel'len-izm), n. A scheme to unite all the Greeks into one political body.

Panhellenist (pan-hel'len-ist), n. One who favours Panhellenism.

Panhellenium (pan-hel-le'ni-um), n. [Gr. panellenion-pas, pan, all, and Hellen, pl. Hellenes, the Greeks.] The national council or congress of Greece. Panhistophyton (pan-his-tof'i-ton), n. [Gr. pas, pan, all, histos, the warp of a web, a web, tissue, and phyton, a plant, a creature.] The generic name given to the parasitic organisms of the class Psorospermia, to which pébrine, the disease so destructive to the silk-worm in France, is due, from their being found in the blood and all the tissues of the animal.

Panic (pan'ik), n. [From Gr. panikos, of or belonging to Pan, the god who was believed by the Greeks to inspire sudden fear, fear such as arose among a number of people without any visible cause.] A sudden fright, particularly a sudden fright without real cause, or terror inspired by a trifling cause or misapprehension of danger; as, the troops were seized with a panic; they fled Panic (pan'ik), a. Extreme or sudden; imain a panic. ginary or causeless: applied to fright; as, panic fear.

I left the city in a panic fright. Dryden. Panic (pan'ik), n. [L. panicum. See PANICUM.] The common name of several species of plants of the genus Panicum, known also by the name of Panic-grass. See PANICUM. Panicalt (pan'ik-al), a. The same as Panic,a. Camden.

Panicful (pan'ik-ful), a. Filled with panic fear. [Rare.]

Panic-grass (pan'ik-gras), n. See PANICUM. Panicle (pan'i-kl), n. [L. panicula, a tuft

on plants, a panicle, dim. of panus, Gr. penos, the thread wound on the bobbin in a shuttle.] A form of inflorescence which differs from a raceme in having a branched instead of a simple axis. These branches are frequently again subdivided, and sometimes the axis itself is subdivided. Panicled (pan'i-kld), a. Furnished with panicles; arranged in or like panicles. Panic-monger (pan'ikmung-gér), n. One who creates panics; one who endeavours to create panics. Panic-stricken, Panic-struck (pan'ikstrik-n, pan'ik-struk), a. Struck with a panic or sudden fear. Panic-stricken, like a shoal of darting fish.' Tennyson. Paniculate, Paniculated (pa-nik'ü-lāt, panik'ü-lat-ed), a. In bot. furnished with or arranged in panicles; forming a panicle; like a panicle.

Panicum (pan'i-kum), n. A genus of grasses, the name of which was applied to one of the species (P. miliaceum) by the Romans. This genus comprises a very large number of species, which abound in the hot parts of the world, though a few extend to higher latitudes. They are chiefly valuable as pasture grasses and for their seeds, which form a large portion of the food of the poorer classes of many nations. See MILLET. Panier (pan'i-ér), n. Same as Pannier, an attendant.

Panification (pan'i-fi-ka"shon), n. [L. panis, bread, and facio, to make.] The process of bread-making. Ure.

Panivorous (pa-niv'o-rus), a. [L. panis, bread, and voro, to devour.] Eating bread; subsisting on bread.

Panmug (pan'mug), n. An earthenware crock in which butter is sent to market. It contains about a half hundredweight. [Local.]

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