SATIN-FLOWER woollen weft and cotton warp, pressed and dressed to produce a glossy surface in imitation of satin. Satin-flower (sat'in-flou-ér), n. A plant, Lunaria biennis. See LUNARIA. Satin-paper (satʼin-på-pèr), n. A fine kind of writing paper with a satiny gloss. W. Collins. - Satin-spar (satʼin-spär), n. 1. A fine fibrous variety of carbonate of lime, assuming a silky or pearly lustre when polished. 2. Fibrous gypsum or sulphate of lime. Satin-stitch (satʼin-stich), n. An embroidery stitch. Satin-stone (satʼin-stōn), n. A fibrous kind of gypsum used by lapidaries; satin-spar. Satin-turk (sat'in-térk), n. A trade term for a superior quality of satinet. Satin-wood (sat'in-wyd), n. The wood of a large tree of the genus Chloroxylon, the C. swietenia, nat.order Cedrelaceæ, having pinnate leaves and large branching panicles of small whitish flowers. It is a native of the mountainous parts of the Circars in the East Indies. The wood is of a deep yellow colour, close grained, heavy and durable. Satiny (sat'i-ni), a. Resembling or composed of satin; as, a satiny appearance; a satiny texture or gloss. Sir T. Browne. Sation (sa'shon), n. [L. satio, from sero, satum, to sow.] A sowing or planting. [Rare.] Satire (sat'ir or sat'èr), n. [L. satira (i short), or more correctly satura, a satire, from satura, a dish filled with various kinds of fruits, a medley, an olio, lit. a full dish, from satur, full (whence saturate).] 1. A poetical composition holding up vice or folly to reprobation, and as a distinctive species of literary production first employed by ancient Roman writers; an invective poem.2. Any literary production in which persons, manners, or actions are attacked or denounced with irony, sarcasm, or similar weapons; a trenchant or cutting exposure of men or manners; keenness and severity of remark; trenchant invective; as, to be much given to satire; to write a satire on modern society. Satire has always shone among the rest, And is the boldest way, if not the best, To tell men freely of their foulest faults, To laugh at their vain deeds and vainer thoughts. Dryden. Satire is a valuable element of history-in politics and ethics it is the most permanent protest of good against evil and of genius against stupidity. Lord Houghton. 2. Severe criticism or denunciation. The owls, bats, and several other birds of night, were one day got together in a thick shade, where they abused their neighbours in a very sociable manner. Their satire at last fell upon the sun, whom they all agreed to be very troublesome, impertinent, and inquisitive. Addison. SYN. Sarcasm, irony, ridicule, lampoon, pasquinade, burlesque, wit, humour. Satiric, Satirical (sa-tir'ik, sa-tir'ik-al), a. [L. satiricus, Fr. satirique. See SATIRE.] 1. Belonging to satire; conveying or containing satire; as, a satirical work. 'A satiric style.' Roscommon. He gave the little wealth he had Swift. 2. Fond of indulging in satire; given to satire; severe in language. The satirical rogue here says that old men have grey beards. Shak. A satirical tailor, who lived at Rome, and whose name was Pasquin, amused himself with severe raillery, liberally bestowed on those who passed by his shop. 1. D'Israeli. SYN. Cutting, poignant, sarcastic, bitter, reproachful, abusive. Satirically (sa-tir'ik-al-li), adv. In a satirical manner; with sarcastic or witty invective. A paper of verses satirically written.' Dryden. Satiricalness (sa-tir'ik-al-nes), n. Quality of being satirical. 'An ill-natured wit, biassed to satiricalness.' Fuller. Satirist (sat'ir-ist), n. One who satirizes; specifically, one who writes satire. Wycherley, in his writings, is the sharpest satirist of his time. Granville. Satirize (sat'ir-iz), v.t. pret. & pp. satirized; ppr.satirizing. [Fr. satiriser.] To assail with satire; to make the object of satire; to censure with keenness or sarcastic wit. It is as hard to satirize well a man of distinguished vices, as to praise well a man of distinguished virtues. Swift. Satisfaction (sat-is-fak'shon), n. [Fr., from L. satisfactio. See SATISFY.] 1. The act of 775 satisfying, or state of being satisfied; gratification of appetite or desire; contentment in possession and enjoyment; repose of mind resulting from compliance with what it demands. Run over the circle of the earthly pleasures, and had not God procured a man a solid pleasure from his own actions, he would be forced to complain that pleasure was not satisfaction. South. 2. Settlement of a claim due, a demand, &c.; payment; indemnification. You know since Pentecost the sum is due, . . . 3. That which satisfies or gratifies; compensation; atonement; reparation. Die he or justice must; unless for him The rigid satisfaction, death for death. Milton. 4. The opportunity of satisfying one's honour by a duel; a hostile meeting conceded on the challenge or cartel of an aggrieved party: used adjectively in extract. A case of satisfaction pistols, with the satisfactory accompaniments of powder, ball, and caps, were hired from a manufacturer. Dickens. -Contentment, Satisfaction. See under CONTENTMENT. SYN. Contentment, content, gratification, pleasure, recompense, compensation, amends, remuneration, indemnification, atonement. Satisfactive (sat-is-fakʼtiv), a. Giving satisfaction. 'A final and satisfactive discernment of faith.' Sir T. Browne. [Rare.] Satisfactorily (sat-is-fak'to-ri-li), adv. In a satisfactory manner; so as to give satisfaction, content, conviction, or the like. "To answer him satisfactorily unto all his demands.' Sir K. Digby. Satisfactoriness (sat-is-fak'to-ri-nes), n. The state or quality of being satisfactory; the power of satisfying or giving content; as, the satisfactoriness of pleasure or enjoyment. The incompleteness of the seraphic lover's happiness in his fruitions, proceeds not from their want of satisfactoriness, but his want of an entire possession of them. Boyle. Satisfactory (sat-is-fak'to-ri), a. [Fr. satisfactoire.] 1. Giving or producing satisfaction; yielding content; particularly, relieving the mind from doubt or uncertainty, and enabling it to rest with confidence; as, to give a satisfactory account of any remarkable transaction.-2. Making amends, indemnification, or recompense; causing to cease from claims and to rest content; atoning. A most wise and sufficient means of salvation by the satisfactory and meritorious death and obedience of the incarnate Son of God, Jesus Christ. Bp. Sanderson. Satisfiable (sat-is-fi'a-bl), a. Capable of being satisfied. Satisfier (sat'is-fi-ér), n. A person or thing that gives satisfaction. Satisfy (sat'is-fi), v.t. pret. & pp. satisfied; ppr. satisfying. [Fr. satisfaire; L. satisfacio -satis, enough, and facio, to make.] 1. To gratify fully the wants, wishes, or desires of; to supply to the full extent with what is wished for; to make content; as, to satisfy hunger or thirst; to satisfy a hungry man. Satisfy our eyes.' Shak. The sports of children satisfy the child. Goldsmith. 2. To comply with the rightful demands of; to give what is due to; to answer or discharge, as a claim, debt, legal demand, or the like; to pay; to liquidate; to requite. A grave question. arose, whether the money should be paid directly to the discontented chiefs or should be employed to satisfy the claims which Argyle had against them. Macaulay. 3. To fulfil the conditions of; to answer; as, an algebraical equation is said to be satisfied when, after the substitution of any expressions for the unknown quantities which enter it, the two members are equal.-4. To free from doubt, suspense, or uncertainty: to give full assurance to; to set at rest the mind of; to convince; as, to satisfy one's self by inquiry. I will be satisfied; let me see the writing. Shak. SYN. To content, please, gratify, satiate, sate, recompense, compensate, remunerate, indemnify. Satisfy (sat'is-fi), v. i. 1. To give satisfaction or content; as, earthly good never satisfies. 2. To make payment; to atone. Satisfying (sat'is-fi-ing), p. & a. Giving satisfaction or content; setting doubts at rest. The standing evidences of the truth of the gospel are in themselves most firm, solid, and satisfying. Atterbury. SATURN Satisfyingly (sat'is-fi-ing-li), adv. In a manner tending to satisfy. Sative (sa'tiv), a. [L. sativus, from sero, satum, to sow.] Sown, as in a garden. 'Preferring the domestic or sative for the fuller growth.' Evelyn. Satrap (sa'trap), n. [Gr. satrapēs; borrowed from the Persian.] 1. A governor of a province under the ancient Persian monarchy. 2. A prince; a petty despot. 'Obsequious tribes of satraps, princes.' Shenstone. Satrapal (sa'trap-al), a. Pertaining to a satrap or a satrapy. Satrapess (sa'trap-es), n. A female satrap. Satrapical (sat-rap'ik-al), a. Satrapal. Satrapy (sa'trap-i), n. The government or jurisdiction of a satrap; a principality; a princedom. The angels themselves are distinguished and quaternioned into their celestial princedoms and satrapies. Milton. Saturable (sat'ü-ra-bl), a. [See SATURATE.] Admitting of being saturated; capable of saturation. Saturant (sat'ū-rant), a. [L. saturans, saturantis, ppr. of saturo. See SATURATE.] Saturating; impregnating to the full. In med. a subSaturant (sat'ū-rant), n. stance which neutralizes the acid in the stomach. Saturate (sat'ū-rāt), v. t. pret. & pp. saturated; ppr. saturating. [L. saturo, saturatum, from satur, filled (whence satire); from root of satis, enough, satio, to feed to the full. See SATE.] 1. To cause to become completely penetrated, impregnated, or soaked; to fill fully; to imbue thoroughly; to soak; as, to saturate a cloth with moisture; saturated with ancient learning. Adulteries that saturate soul with body.' Tennyson. Innumerable flocks and herds covered that vast expanse of emerald meadow, saturated with the moisture of the Atlantic. Macaulay. The lark is 2. In chem. to impregnate or unite with till no more can be received; thus, an acid satuates an alkali, and an alkali saturates an acid, when the solvent can contain no more of the dissolving body. Saturate (sat'u-rāt), a. Being full; saturated. Though soak'd and saturate, out and out.' Tennyson. gay That dries its feathers, saturate with dew. Cowper. Saturation (sat-u-rā'shon), n. The act of saturating or filling or supplying to fulness, or the state of being so saturated; complete penetration or impregnation; specifically, in chem. the union, combination, or impregnation of one body with another in such definite proportions as that they neutralize each other, or till the receiving body can contain no more; solution continued till the solvent can contain no more. The saturation of an alkali by an acid is by one sort of affinity; the saturation of water by salt is by another sort of affinity, called solution. A fluid which holds in solution as much of any substance as it can dissolve is said to be saturated with it, but saturation with one substance does not deprive the fluid of its power of acting on and dissolving some other bodies; and in many cases it increases this power. For example, water saturated with salt will dissolve sugar. Saturday (sat'èr-dā), n. [A. Sax. Sæterdag, Sæterndag-Sæter, Sætern, for Saturn, and dæg, a day-the day presided over by the planet Saturn; D. Zaturdag; L. dies Saturni.] The seventh or last day of the week; the day of the Jewish Sabbath. Satureia (sat-u-rē'i-a), n. [L., savory.] A genus of herbs and undershrubs commonly called Savory, and used in cookery as a seasoning, particularly the summer savory (S. hortensis), an annual plant cultivated in kitchengardens. The species are mostly natives of Europe, and belong to the nat. order Labiata. They have narrow, opposite, palegreen leaves, and small pale-lilac axillary flowers. Saturity+ (sa-tūr'i-ti), n. [L. saturitas. See SATURATE.] Fulness or excess of supply; the state of being saturated; repletion. In all things for man's use there is not only a mere necessity given of God, but also a satiety permitted; not saturity. Granger. Saturn (sat'êrn), n. [L. Saturnus, connected with sero, satum, to sow.] 1. An ancient Italian deity, popularly believed to have made his first appearance in Italy in the reign of Janus, instructing the people in agriculture, gardening, &c., thus elevating them from barbarism to social order and civilization. He was consequently elected SATURNALIA to share the government with Janus, and the country was called Saturnia after him. His reign came afterwards to be sung by the Saturn.-Raffaele. Ops poets as the golden age.' He was often identified with the Kronos of the Greeks. His temple was the state treasury. was his wife. His festivals, Saturnalia, corresponded to the Greek Kronia.-2. One of the planets of the solar system, less in magnitude than Jupiter, but more remote from the sun. Its mean diameter is about 70,000 miles, its mean distance from the sun somewhat more than 872,000,000 miles, and its year or periodical revolution round the sun nearly twenty-nine years and a half. Saturn is attended by eight satellites, and surrounded by a system of flat rings, which are now supposed to be an immense multitude of small satellites, mixed probably with vaporous matter.-3. In old chem. an appellation given to lead.-4. In her. the black colour in blazoning the arms of sovereign princes. Saturnalia (sat-ér-na'li-a), n. pl. [L.] 1. In Rom. antiq. the festival of Saturn, celebrated in December as a period of unrestrained license and merriment for all classes, extending even to the slaves. Hence-2. Any period of noisy license and revelry, especially among the lower orders; unconstrained, licentious revelling. Saturnalian (sat-ér-na'li-an), a. [From L. saturnalia, feasts of Saturn.] 1. Pertaining to the festivals celebrated in honour of Saturn, in which men indulged in riot without restraint. Hence-2. Loose; dissolute; sportive. In order to make this saturnalian amusement general in the family you sent it down stairs. Burke. Saturnia (sa-tér'ni-a), n. A genus of moths containing many large species with clear spaces in the wing. One or two of the Indian species produce a useful though coarse silk, such as the Arrindy and Tusseh silkworm, much employed in India. Saturnian (sa-tér'ni-an), a. 1. Pertaining to the god Saturn, whose age or reign, from the mildness and wisdom of his government, was called the golden age; hence golden; happy; distinguished for purity, integrity, and simplicity. Th' Augustus, born to bring Saturnian times.' Pope.-2. Leaden; dull, Saturn being an old name for lead. Then rose the seed of Chaos and of Night To blot out order and extinguish light, Of dull and venal a new world to mould, And bring Saturnian days of lead and gold. Pope. -Saturnian verse, an ancient and peculiar metre used by the Romans, consisting of three iambics and a syllable over, followed by three trochees, as exemplified happily by Macaulay in the nursery rhyme : The queen was in | her par | lor | eating | bread ǎnd honey. Saturnine (sat'èr-nin), a. 1. Supposed to be under the influence of the planet Saturn, which tended to make people morose. Hence-2. Morose; dull; heavy; grave; not readily susceptible of excitement; phlegmatic; as, a saturnine person or temper. My conversation is slow and dull, my humour saturnine and reserved. Dryden. 3. In old chem. pertaining to lead; as, saturnine compounds. 776 Saturnist (sat'èr-nist), n. A person of a dull, grave, gloomy temperament. Saturnite (sat'èr-nit), n. An old name for a mineral substance containing lead. Kirwan. Satyr (sat ér), n. [L. satyrus, from Gr. satyros.] In class. myth. a sylvan deity or demi-god, represented as a monster, half man and half goat, having horns on his head, a hairy body, with the feet and tail of a goat. Satyrs were common attendants on Bacchus, and were distinguished for lasciviousness and riot. Satyriasis (sat-ér-i'as-is), n. [Gr., from satyros, a satyr, from their lasciviousness.] A diseased and unrestrainable venereal appetite in males. Satyric (sa-tir'ik), a. Pertaining to satyrs; as, a satyric drama. The satyric drama was a particular kind of play among the ancient Greeks, having somewhat of a burlesque character, the chorus representing satyrs. Satyrical (sa-tir'ik-al), a. Satyric. Grote. Satyrion (sa-tir'i-on), n. [Gr., from satyros, a satyr, from their lustfulness. ] A plant supposed to excite lust. Pope. Satyrium (sa-tir'i-um), n. [See above.] A genus of small-flowered, terrestrial, orchidaceous plants, natives of South Africa, Northern India, and the Mascarenes. Satyrus (sat'i-rus), n. A genus of lepidopterous insects, also called Hipparchia. There are several British species, among which is S. Galathea, or marble-butterfly. Sauce (sas), n. [Fr. sauce, O. Fr. saulse, from LL. salsa, sauce, from L. salsus, salted, from salio, to salt. See SALT.] 1. A mixture or composition to be eaten with food for improving its relish, for whetting the appetite, or for aiding digestion. When the stomach is at all weak a wholesome sauce will often enable it to digest food which would otherwise nauseate it; but it should not be used as a provocative to the appetite, but rather as an aid to digestion. The following articles are used by the various sauce makers . . . anchovies, tomato, garlic, shalot, mushroom, oyster, and walnut ketchup; sorrel, raisins, tamarinds, and figs; fenugreek, coriander, carraway, and cumin seeds; soy (Indian and British made), and a variety of herbs and spices. Dr. Walsh. 2. In the United States, culinary vegetables and roots eaten with flesh.-3. Pertness; petulance; insolence; impudence; saucy language. [Colloq, or vulgar.]-To serve one with the same sauce, to retaliate one injury with another. [Colloq.] Sauce (sas), v.t. pret. & pp. sauced; ppr. saucing. 1. To add a sauce or relish to; to season; to flavour. He cut our roots in characters, 2. To gratify; to tickle (the palate) Sauce his palate with thy most operant poison.' Shak. [Rare.-3. To intermix or accompany with anything that gives piquancy or relish; hence, to make pungent, tart, or sharp. "Sorrow sauced with repentance.' Spenser. Then fell she to sauce her desires with threatenings. Sir P. Sidney. 4. To treat with bitter, pert, or tart language; to be saucy to. 'I'll sauce her with bitter words.' Shak.-5. To make to pay or suffer. I'll make them pay; I'll sauce them: they have had my houses a week at command; I have turned away my Shak. other guests... Ill sauce them. Sauce-alone (sas-a-lon), n. A British plant of the genus Erysimum, the E. Alliaria. Called also Garlic Hedge-mustard, Jack-bythe-hedge, and All-sauce. See ERYSIMUM. Sauce-boat (sas'bōt), n. A dish or vessel for holding sauce with a lip or spout. Sauce-box (sas'boks), n. [From saucy.] A saucy, impudent fellow. Addison. [Colloq.] Sauce-pan (sas'pan), n. 1. Originally, a pan for cooking sauces.-2. A metallic vessel for boiling or stewing generally. Saucer (sa'sér), n. [Fr. saucière. See SAUCE.] 1. Formerly, a small pan in which sauce was set on a table. Bacon.-2. A piece of china or other ware in which a tea-cup or coffeecup is set.-Saucer eyes, eyes unnaturally large and round. Hudibras.-3. Something resembling a saucer; as, (a) a kind of flat caisson used in raising sunken vessels. (b) A socket of iron which receives the spindle or foot upon which a capstan rests and turns round. Sauce-tureen (sas'tu-ren), n. A tureen or dish from which sauce is served at table. Dickens. Sauch (sach), n. See SAUGH. Saucily (sa'si-li), adv. In a saucy manner; pertly; impudently; with impertinent boldness; petulantly. SAUR A freed servant, who had much power with Claudius, Bacon. very saucily had almost all the words. Sauciness (sa'si-nes), n. The quality of being saucy; impertinent boldness; petulance; contempt of superiors. 'Impudent sauciness. Shak.-Impudence, Effrontery, Sauciness. See IMPUDENCE. Saucisse, Saucisson (sa'sis, sa'sis-son), n. [Fr. saucisse, a sausage, from sauce.] In fort. and artillery, (a) a long pipe or bag, made of cloth well pitched, or of leather, filled with powder, and extending from the chamber of a mine to the entrance of the gallery. To preserve the powder from dampness it is generally placed in a wooden pipe. It serves to communicate fire to mines, caissons, bomb-chests, &c. (b) A long bundle of faggots or fascines for raising batteries and other purposes. Saucy (sa'si),a. [From sauce.] 1. Showing impertinent boldness; showing pertness or impudent flippancy; treating superiors with contempt; impudent; rude; as, a saucy boy; a saucy fellow. Am I not the protector, saucy priest? Shat. Applied also in this sense by Shakspere to inanimate objects. But now, I am cabin'd, cribb'd, confined, bound in To saucy doubts and fears. Macbeth. 2. Expressive of impudence; as, a saucy eye. Study is like the heaven's glorious sun That will not be deep searched with saucy looks. Shak SYN. Impudent, insolent, impertinent, rude. Saucy-bark (sa'si-bärk), n. Same as Sassy bark. Saud (sad), n. Same as Saadh. Sauer-kraut (sour'krout), n. [G. sauer, sour, and kraut, herb, cabbage.] A favourite German dish, consisting of cabbage cut fine, pressed into a cask, with alternate layers of salt, and suffered to ferment till it becomes sour. Sauf, a. [Fr.] Safe. Chaucer. Saul, Sal (säl), n. Sault (so or sö), n. [0. Fr. sault, Mod. Fr. saut, a leap, from L. saltus, a leap, from salio, saltum, to leap.] A rapid in some rivers. [North America.] Saultfat (salt'fat), n. A pickling-tub; a beefstand. [Scotch.] Saul-tree, Sal-tree (säl'tre), n. The name given in India to a tree of the genus Shorea, the S. robusta, which yields a balsamic resin, used in the temples under the name of ral or dhoona. The timber called sal, the best and most extensively used in India, is produced by this tree. Sauncing-bell (säns'ing-bel). Same as Saunders-blue (san'dêrz-blu), n. [Fr. Sance-bell. cendres bleues, blue ashes.] The original denomination probably of ultramarine. Applied now to an artificial blue, prepared from carbonate of copper. Saunders-wood (san'dèrz-wud). Same as Sandal-wood. Saunter (san'ter), v.i. [A word whose derivation is still undetermined. The Teutonic words most resembling it in form and meaning are D. slentre, D. and L. G. slenderen, slendern, to saunter, to loiter. Some have guessed that it was formed from Fr. sainte terre, in the phrase aller à la sainte terre, to go to the holy land, from idle people who roved about the country and asked charity under pretence of going à la sainte terre; others, sans terre, applied to wanderers without a home; others, Fr. sentier, a footpath.] 1. To wander about idly; to walk idly or leisurely along; to loiter; to linger. 'Still sauntering by the sea-side.' L'Estrange. Led by my hand, he saunter'd Europe round, 2. To occupy one's self idly; to loiter over anything; to dawdle; to dilly-dally. Locke. Saunter (san'tèr), n. A sauntering or place for sauntering. Young. Saunterer (san'tèr-ér), n. One that saunters or wanders about idly. "Quit the life of an insignificant saunterer about town.' Berkeley. Saur (sar), n. Soil; dirt; dirty water. [Provincial.] SAURIA Sauria (sa'ri-a), n. pl. [From Gr. sauros, a lizard.] The term by which the great order of lizards is sometimes designated. The animal forms more strictly included under it are those comprised under the genus Lacerta of Linnæus; but in the large and now generally received acceptation of the term saurians, not only the existing lizards, crocodiles, monitors, iguanas, chameleons, &c., are included, but also those monstrous fossil reptiles whose remains excite our wonder, as the ichthyosaurus, plesiosaurus, deinosaurus, iguanodon, pterodactyle, &c. The saurians are covered with scales, and have four legs. The mouth is always armed with teeth, and the toes are generally furnished with claws. They have all a tail more or less long, and generally very thick at the base. The fossil species, the most gigantic and singular members of the order, occur most abundantly in the oolitic strata. Some of them were exclusively marine, others amphibious, others terrestrial, and others were adapted for flying, as the pterodactyles. Saurian (sa'ri-an), a. [Gr. sauros, a lizard.] Pertaining to the Sauria or lizards; designating an order of reptiles. Saurian (sa'ri-an), n. One of the order Sauria; a lizard or lizard-like animal. Saurillus (sa-ril'lus), n. [Dim. of Gr. sauros, a lizard.] An extinct genus of reptiles belonging to the lizard order. Their fossil remains occur in upper oolitic rocks. Saurless (sar'les), n. Savourless; insipid; tasteless. [Scotch.] Saurobatrachia (sa'rō-ba-trā”ki-a), n. pl. [Gr. sauros, a lizard, and batrachos, a frog.] A name sometimes applied to the order of the tailed amphibians, otherwise called Urodela, and by Owen Ichthyomorpha. See URODELA. Saurocephalus (sa-ro-sef'al-us), n. [ Gr. sauros, a lizard, and kephale, a head.] A genus of fossil fishes of the cycloid order, found in the chalk formation. Saurodon (sa'ro-don), n. [Gr. sauros, a lizard, and odous, odontos, a tooth.] A genus of fossil fishes from the chalk series of England and America. Sauroid (sa'roid), a. Resembling lizards; as, sauroid fish. Sauroid (sa'roid), n. [Gr. sauros, a lizard, and eidos, form.] A member of a group of large fishes, some existing and some fossil. The fossil sauroids are found in great abundance in the carboniferous and secondary formations. They combined in their structure certain characters of reptiles, and had teeth resembling those of crocodiles. The Sauroids (fossil). 1. Pygopterus (restored). 2. Tooth of do. (enlarged), 3. Jaw with teeth of Belonostomus cunctus. 4, Tooth of B. cunctus (enlarged). The existing sauroid fishes consist of several species, the best known being the bony pikes and sturgeons constituting respectively the genera Lepidosteus and Acipenser. members of another genus (Polypterus) inhabit the Nile, Senegal, and other African rivers, and are remarkable for the peculiar structure of the dorsal fin, which is broken up into a number of separate portions. Sauroidichnite (sa'roid-ik-nit), n. The footprint of a saurian. See ICHNITE. Saurophagus (sa-rof'a-gus), n. [Gr. sauros, a lizard, and phago, to eat. ] A genus of birds belonging to the family of the butcherbirds. Sauropsida (sa-rop'si-da), n. pl. [Gr. sauros, a lizard, opsis, appearance, and eidos, resemblance.] Professor Huxley's name for the second of his three primary sections of vertebrates, comprising birds and reptiles. The animals of this section are characterized by the absence of gills, by having the skull jointed to the vertebral column by a single occipital condyle, the lower jaw composed of several pieces, and united to the skull by means of a special (quadrate) bone, and by possessing nucleated red blood corpuscles, as well as by certain embryonic characters. | 777 Sauropterygia (sa'rop-tér-ij"i-a), n. pl. [Gr. sauros, a lizard, and pteryx, pterygos, a wing, a fin.] An extinct order of reptiles corresponding to Huxley's order Plesiosauria, and forming one of the thirteen orders into which Owen arranges all the Reptilia. There are ten genera, extending through all the strata from the trias to the chalk inclusive. The genus Plesiosaurus may be regarded as the type. See PLESIOSAURUS. Saururaceæ (sa-rö-rā'së-ë), n. pl. [Gr. sauros, a lizard, and oura, a tail, in allusion to the appearance of the flower-spike.] A nat. order of plants belonging to the achlamydeous group of incomplete exogens. It consists of a few genera which are aquatic or marshy herbs or herbaceous plants, found in North America, China, the north of India, and the Cape of Good Hope. They are simple or little branched herbs, with alternate, stipulate, entire leaves, and small flowers in dense terminal spikes or racemes. Saururæ (sa-rö're), n. pl. [Gr. sauros, a lizard, and oura, a tail.] An extinct order of birds, including only a single member, the Archoopteryx macrura, of which only a single fragmentary specimen has been discovered in the upper oolite (lithographic slates) of Solenhofen. It seems to have been as large as a rook. It differs from all known birds in having two free claws belonging to the wing, a lizard-like tail longer than the body (whence the name of the order), and no ploughshare bone. The metacarpal bones are not ankylosed as they are in all other known birds living and extinct. Saury-pike (sa'ri-pik), n. A fish of the genus Scomberesox, family Scomberesocidæ, and order Pharyngognathi, having a greatly elongated body covered with minute scales. The jaws are prolonged into a long sharp beak. One species (S. saurus), about 15 inches long, occurs plentifully on the British coasts, frequenting firths in shoals so dense that it may be taken in pailfuls. In order to escape the pursuit of the porpoise and large fishes it often leaps out of the water or skims rapidly along the surface, whence it has obtained the name of skipper. The flesh is palatable. Sausage (sa'sāj), n. [Old spellings saucidge, sausege, O. Fr. sausisse, Fr. saucisse; from L.L. salsa, sauce (which see).] An article of food, consisting of chopped or minced meat, as pork, beef, or veal, seasoned with sage, pepper, salt, &c., and stuffed into properly cleaned entrails of the ox, sheep, or pig, tied at short intervals with a string. When sausages are made on an extensive scale the meat is minced and stuffed into the intestines by machinery. Sausage-roll (sa'sāj-rōl), n. Meat minced and seasoned as for sausages, enveloped in a roll of flour paste, and cooked. Sausefleme, tn. [L. salsum, salt, and phlegma, phlegm.] An eruption of red spots or scabs on the face. Chaucer. Sauseflemed,† pp. Having red spots or scabs on the face. Saussurea (sa-sû'rē-a), n. [In honour of Horace Benjamin de Saussure, a Swiss naturalist.] A genus of plants, nat. order Compositæ. S. alpina is a British species, which grows on moist alpine rocks, and is frequent on the Highland mountains of Scotland. Saussurite (sa'sūr-it), n. A mineral so named from Saussure, the discoverer, of a white, gray, or green colour, found at the foot of Mount Rosa. It is an impure Labrador-felspar, and is known in the Swiss Alps as jade. Saut (sat), n. Salt. [Scotch.] Sauterelle (sōt'rel), n. [Fr.] An instrument [Scotch.] In the person prayed for, there ought to be the great disposition of being in a savable condition. Fer. Taylor. | SAVE Savableness (säv'a-bl-nes), n. Capability of being saved. The savableness of Protestants." Chillingworth. Savage (sav'āj), a. [O.E. and O. Fr. salvage, Mod. Fr. sauvage, L.L. salvaticus, wild, savage, from L. silvaticus, from silva, a forest, a wood.] 1. Pertaining to the forest or wilderness; wild; uncultivated; as, a savage wilderness. Cornels and savage berries of the wood.' Dryden.-2. Wild; untamed; violent; as, savage beasts of prey. In time the savage bull doth bear the yoke. Shak. He delighted. . . in out-of-door life; he was venturesome almost to foolhardiness, when he went to worship Nature in her most savage moods. Edin. Rev. 3. Beastly; brutal. "These pampered animals that rage in savage sensuality.' Shak. 4. Belonging to man in a state of nature; uncivilized; untaught; unpolished; rude; as, savage life; savage manners. Speak you so gently? Pardon me, I pray you: 5. Cruel; barbarous; fierce; ferocious; inhuman; brutal. "The savage spirit of wild war.' Shak.-6. Enraged, on account of provocation received. [Colloq.]-SYN. Wild, uncultivated, untamed, untaught, uncivilized, unpolished, rude, brutish, brutal, heathenish, barbarous, cruel, inhuman, ferocious, fierce, pitiless, merciless, unmerciful, murderous. Savage (sav'aj), n. 1. A human being in his native state of rudeness; one who is untaught, uncivilized, or without cultivation of mind or manners. I am as free as nature first made man, Ere the base laws of servitude began, When wild in woods the noble savage ran. Dryden. 2. A man of extreme, unfeeling, brutal cruelty; a barbarian. Savage (sav'āj), v. t. pret. & pp. savaged; ppr. sa vaging. To make wild, barbarous, or cruel. [Rare.] Let then the dogs of Faction bark and bay, Southey. Savagely (sav'āj-li), adv. In the manner of a savage; cruelly; inhumanly. Your wife and babes savagely slaughtered.' Shak. Savageness (sav'aj-nes), n. The state or quality of being savage, wild, untamed, uncultivated, or uncivilized; barbarism. 2. Cruelty; barbarousness. Wolves and bears, they say, Casting their savageness aside, have done Like offices of pity. Shak. Savagery (sav'aj-ri), n. 1. The state of being savage; a wild, uncultivated condition; barbarousness; savagism. A like work of primeval savagery.' Kingsley.-2. † Wild growth, as of plants. Shak.-3. Cruelty; barbarity. Shak. Savagism (sav'āj-izm), n. The state of rude uncivilized men; the state of men in their native wildness and rudeness; barbarism. Savanna, Savannah (sa-van'na), n. [Sp. sabana, a sheet for a bed, or a large plain covered with snow, from L. sabanum, Gr. sabanon, a linen cloth especially for wiping with.] An extensive open plain or meadow in a tropical region, yielding pasturage in the wet season, and often having a growth of undershrubs. The word is chiefly used in tropical America. - Savanna flower, a West Indian name for various species of Echites. Savant (sä'väng), n. [Fr., ppr. of savoir, to know.] A man of learning; a man of science; a man eminent for his acquirements. In a national or universal point of view, the labour of the savant or speculative thinker, is as much a production in the very narrowest sense, as that of the inventor of a practical art. F. S. Mill. Save (sav), v. t. pret. & pp. saved; ppr. saving. [Fr. sauver, from L. salvo, from salvus, safe. See SAFE.] 1. To preserve from injury, destruction, or evil of any kind; to snatch, keep, or rescue from impending danger; as, to save a house from the flames; to save a man from drowning; to save a family from ruin. 'Saying, Lord, save me.' Mat. xiv. 30. 'Relent and save my life.' Shak.-2. To preserve from final and everlasting destruction; to rescue from sin and eternal death. Christ Jesus came into the world to save sinners. 1 Tim. i. 15. 3. To deliver; to keep clear; to rescue from the power or influence of. 'Save, save, oh, save me from the candid friend.' 'Canning. SAVE 4. To spare; to keep from doing or suffering: with a double object; as, to save a person trouble. 'Might have saved me my pains.' Shak. 'And saved your husband so much sweat.' Shak.-5. To hinder from being spent or lost; to keep undamaged or untouched; to secure from waste or expenditure; to hinder from being used; as, order in all affairs saves time. That I may save my speech.' Shak. Save th' expense of long litigious laws.' Dryden. His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk shank. Shak, 6. To reserve or lay by; to lay up; to gather; to hoard. 'Now save a nation, and now save a groat.' Pope. I have five hundred crowns, The thrifty hire I saved under your father. Shak. 7. To prevent; to obviate; to hinder from occurrence. To save a lady's blush.' Dryden. 'Silent and unobserv'd, to save his tears.' Dryden.-8. To take or use opportunely, so as not to lose; to be in time for; to catch. The same persons, who were chief confidents to Cromwell's foreseeing a restoration, seized the castles in Ireland, just saving the tide, and putting in a Swift. stock of merit sufficient. To save the post I write to you after a long day's worry at my place of business. W. Collins. -To save appearances, to preserve a good outside; to do something to avoid exposure or embarrassment. Hereafter, when they come to model heaven, -Save the mark. See under MARK. expense. Brass ordnance saveth in the quantity of the material. Bacon. Save (sav), prep. Except; not including; leaving out; deducting. one. Of the Jews five times received I forty stripes save 2 Cor. xi. 24. Constant at church and change, his gains were sure; His givings rare, save farthings to the poor. Pope. Savet (sav), conj. Except; unless. I have one heart, one bosom and one truth, And that no woman has; nor never none Shall mistress be of it, save I alone. Shak. Save,t n. The herb sage (Salvia). Chaucer. Saveall (sav'al), n. [Save and all.] 1. A small pan inserted in a candlestick to burn out the ends of candles.-2. Naut. a small sail sometimes set under a main, spanker, or swinging boom. Also called a Watersail.-3. A trough in a paper-making machine which collects any pulp that may have slopped over the edge of the wirecloth. Saveloy (sav'e-loi), n. [Fr. cervelas, from cervelle, the brains; L. cerebellum, dim. of cerebrum, the brain.] A highly seasoned dried sausage, originally made of brains. It is now made of young salted pork. There are office lads in their first surtouts, who club as they go home at night, for saveloys and porDickens. ter. Saver (säv'er), n. 1. One that saves, preserves, or rescues from evil or destruction. 'The saver of the country.' Swift.-2. One that escapes loss, but without gain. Laws of arms permit each injured man To make himself a saver where he can. Dryden. 3. One who lays up or hoards; one who is frugal in expenses; an economist. A greater Wotton. sparer than a saver." Save-reverence (sav'rev-er-ens). A kind of apologetical apostrophe when anything was said that might be thought filthy or indecent often corrupted into Sir-reverence. See SIR-REVERENCE. Savete, n. Safety. Chaucer. Savicu (sav'i-kú), n. Same as Sabicu. Savin, Savine (sav'in), n. [Fr. savinier, sabine, from L. sabina (herba), the Sabine herb, savin.] A tree or shrub of the genus Juniperus, the J. Sabina. (See JUNIPER.) The savin of Europe resembles the red cedar (J. virginiana) of America, and the latter is therefore sometimes called savin. Called also Sabine. Saving (sav'ing), p. and a. 1. Preserving from evil or destruction; sparing; redemptory. The endless love and saving mercy which God sheweth towards his church.' Hooker.-2. Frugal; not lavish; avoiding unnecessary expenses; economical; as, a saving husbandman or house-keeper. She loved money; for she was saving, and applied her fortune to pay John's clamorous debts. Arbuthnot. 778 3. Bringing back in returns or receipts the principal or sum employed or expended; incurring no loss, though not gainful; as, the ship has made a saving voyage. Silvio, finding his application unsuccessful, was resolved to make a saving bargain; and since he could not get the widow's estate, to recover what he had laid out of his own. Addison. 4. Reserving, as some title or right. Ordinances may be cited of every reign from St. Louis to Francis I. regulating the jurisdiction of Seneschals and Baillis and giving them various powers, but always directing by saving clauses that the jurisdiction of the Barons who had right of Haute Justice should not be interfered with. Brougham. Saving (säv'ing), n. 1. Something kept from being expended or lost; something hoarded up; that which is saved: generally in plural. 'Hoard all savings to the uttermost.' Tennyson.-2. Exception; reservation. Contend not with those that are too strong for us, but still with a saving to honesty. Sir R. L'Estrange. 1. With exception; Saving (sav'ing), prep. in favour of; excepting. Such laws cannot be abrogated saving only by whom they were made. Hooker. 2. Without disrespect to. See under REVERENCE. Saving your reverence.' Shak. Savingly (sav'ing-li), adv. 1. In a saving manner; with frugality or parsimony.-2. So as to be finally saved from eternal death; as, savingly converted. Savingness (sav'ing-nes), n. 1. The quality of being saving; frugality; parsimony; caution not to expend money without necessity or use.-2. Tendency to promote safety or eternal salvation. The safety and saving ness which it promiseth.' Brevint. Savings-bank (sav'ingz-bangk), n. An institution devised for receiving and securely investing the savings of industry, and for their accumulation at compound interest, under provisions for their repayment on demand or at short notice, managed by persons having no interest in the profits of the business. The National Security Sav ings-banks and the Post-office Savings-banks are the two principal institutions of this kind. Acts for the regulation of the former were passed in 1817, empowering the managers to pay the deposits into the Bank of England to the credit-account of the commissioners for the reduction of the national debt, a fixed rate of interest being given thereupon. The national post-office savings-bank scheme came into operation in 1861. The old savings-banks and the postoffice savings-banks have continued to work harmoniously together, and each system appears to offer special advantages on certain points. Penny savings-banks, military savings-banks, and savings-banks for seamen have been established as auxiliaries of the general system, for the purpose of meeting the special needs of classes for which the ordinary savings-banks did not hold out adequate inducements or facilities. Saviour (sav'yėr), n. [O. Fr. salveor (Mod. Fr. sauveur), from L.L. salvator, from L. salvus, safe.] 1. One who saves, preserves, or delivers from destruction or danger. 2 Ki. xiii. 5; Is. xix. 20.-2. Jesus Christ, the Redeemer, who has opened the way to everlasting salvation by his obedience and death, and who is therefore called the Saviour by way of distinction. me. One says to the blessed Virgin, O Saviouresse, save bp. Hall. Savonette (sav-o-net'), n. [Fr., dim. of savon, soap.] A wash-ball for use at the toilet, composed of soap of fine quality, perfumed at will, and generally with the addition of some powdered starch or farina, and sometimes sand. Same as Savour. Savor (sa'vor), n. Savorous, a. Savoury; sweet; pleasant. Romaunt of the Rose. Savory (sa vér-i), n. [Fr. savorée, It. satureja, L. satureid, savory.] A plant of the genus Satureia (which see). Savour (sa vér), n. [O. Fr. savor, Mod. Fr. saveur; L. sapor, from sapio, to taste. ] 1. Smell; odour 'I smell sweet savours. Shak. A savour that may strike the dullest nostril.' Shak. 'The uncleanly savours of a slaughter-house.' Shak.-2. Flavour; taste; relish; power or quality that affects the palate; as, food with a pleasant savour. 'If the salt hath lost his savour.' Mat. v. 13. SAW 3. Characteristic property; distinctive flavour, quality, or the like. "The savour of death from all things there that live.' Milton. "The savour of heaven perpetually upon my spirit.' Baxter.-4. Character: reputation. Ex. v. 21.5. Sense of smell; power to scent or perceive. [Rare.]— 6. Pleasure; delight. Savour (sa'ver), v.i. 1. To have a particular smell or taste; to have a flavour. What is loathsome to the young Tennyson. 2. To be of a particular nature; to partake of the quality, nature, or appearance of something else; to smack; to betoken: followed by of; as, the answers savour of a humble spirit; or they savour of pride. This savours not much of distraction. Shak I have rejected every thing that savours of party. Addison. Savour (sā'ver), v.t. 1. To like; to taste or smell with pleasure; to relish; to take pleasure in; to enjoy. Filths savour but themselves. Shak. Thou savourest not the things that be of God, but those that be of men. Mat. xvi. 23. 2. To perceive by the taste or smell; hence, to taste intellectually; to perceive; to discern; to note. 'Were it not that in your writings I savour a spirit so very distant from my disposition, &c.' Heylin. — 3. To indicate the presence of; to have the flavour or quality of. Wilful barrenness, Savourily (sa'ver-i-li), adv. 1. In a savoury Destitute of Savourlyt (sä'ver-li), a. Well-seasoned; of good taste; savoury. Savourlyt (sa'ver-li), adv. With a pleasing relish. Then his food doth taste savourly." Barrow. Savouroust (sä'ver-us), a. Sweet; pleasant. Romaunt of the Rose. Savoury (sa vér-i), a. Having savour or relish; pleasing to the organs of smell or taste, especially the latter; palatable; hence, agreeable in general; as, a savoury odour; savoury meat. Gen. xxvii. 4. One of Cromwell's chief difficulties was to restrain his musketeers and dragoons from invading by main force the pulpits of ministers whose discourses, to use the language of that time, were not savoury. Macaulay. Savoury (sā'ver-i), n. Same as Savory. Savoy (sav'oi), n. A variety of the common cabbage (Brassica oleracea bullata major), much cultivated for winter use. Savoyard (sa-voi'ärd), n. A native or inhabitant of Savoy. Saw (sa), pret. of see. The Saw (sa), n. [A. Sax. sage, a saw; common to the Teutonic languages: Dan. sav, Icel. sög, D. zaag, G. säge.] A cutting instrument consisting of a blade, band, or disc of thin iron or steel, with a dentated or toothed edge. Saws are employed to cut wood, stone, ivory, and other solid substances, and The are either reciprocating or circular. best saws are of tempered steel, ground bright, and smooth. They are of various forms and sizes, varying from the minute surgical or dental tool to the large instrument used in saw-mills, and may be divided into hand-tools and machine-tools. hand tools used by carpenters and other artificers in wood are the most numerous. Among the most common straight saws in general use are the following:-The crosscut saw, for cutting logs transversely, and wrought by two persons, one at each end. The pit-saw, a long blade of steel with large teeth and a transverse handle at each end; it is used in saw-pits for sawing logs into planks or scantlings, and is wrought by two persons. The frame-saw, consisting of a blade from 5 to 7 feet long, stretched tightly in a frame of wood. It is used in a similar manner to the pit-saw. The ripping-saw, half-ripper, hand-saw, and panel-saw are saws for the use of one person, the blades tapering in length from the handle. Tenorsaws, sash-saws, dove-tail saws, &c., are SAW saws made of very thin blades of steel stiffened with stout pieces of brass, iron, or steel fixed on their back edges. They are used for forming the shoulders of tenons, dove-tail joints, &c., and for many other purposes for which a neat clean cut is required. Compass and key-hole saws are long narrow saws, tapering from about 1 inch to inch in width, and used for making curved cuts. Small frame-saws and bowsaws, in which very thin narrow blades are tightly stretched, are occasionally used for cutting both wood and metal. Machine saws are comprehended under three different classes-circular, reciprocating, and band-saws. The circular saw is a disc of steel with saw teeth upon its periphery. It is made to revolve with great rapidity and force, while the log is pushed forward against it by means of a travelling platform. The reciprocating saw works like a twohandled hand-saw, but it is fixed and the wood carried forward against its teeth. The band-saw or ribbon-saw consists of a thin endless saw placed like a belt over two wheels, and strained on them. The ribbon passes down through a flat sawing-table, upon which the material to be cut is laid. Saws for cutting stone are without teeth. Saw (sa), n. [A. Sax. sagu, a saying, a saw, from root of to say. See SAY.] 1. A saying; proverb; maxim. Full of wise saws.' Shak. No sabbath-drawler of old saws.' Tennyson.-2. A decree. Spenser. - Aphorism, Axiom, Maxim, Apophthegm, Adage, Proverb, Byword, Saw. See under APHORISM. Saw (sa), v. t. pret. sawed; pp. sawed or sawn. [From the noun.] 1. To cut with a saw; to separate with a saw; as, to saw timber or marble.-2. To form by cutting with a saw; as, to saw boards or planks; that is, to saw timber into boards or planks.-3. To move through, as in the act of sawing. Do not saw the air too much with your hand, thus; but use all gently. Shak. Saw (sa), v.i. 1. To use a saw; to practise sawing; as, a man saws well.-2. To cut with a saw; as, the mill saws fast or well.3. To be cut with a saw; as, the timber saws smoothly. Saw (sä), n. Salve. [Scotch.] Sawder (sa'dèr), n. [Corrupted from Solder.] Saw-file (sa'fil), n. A file adapted for sharpening saws. It is triangular in section for hand-saws, and flat for mill-saws. E. H. Knight. Saw-fish (sa'fish), n. An elasmobranchiate fish of the genus Pristis (P. antiquorum), nearly related on the one hand to the sharks, and on the other to the rays. It attains a length of from 12 to 18 feet, has a long beak Tentacled Saw-fish (Pristophorus cirratus). or snout, with spines growing like teeth on both edges, armed with which it is very destructive to shoals of small fishes, and is said to attack and inflict severe and even mortal injuries on the large cetaceans or whales. The saw-fish shown in the cut belongs to the genus Pristiophorus, in which the teeth are not implanted in the bone of the snout, but merely attached to the skin. Saw-fly (sa'fli), n. One of a group of insects belonging to the order Hymenoptera, and distinguished by the peculiar conformation of the ovipositor of the females, which is composed of two broad plates, with serrated or toothed edges, by means of which they in 779 cise the stems and leaves of plants, and deposit their eggs in the slits thus formed. The turnip-fly (Athalia centifolia) and the gooseberry-fly (Nematus grossularia) are examples. Saw-frame (sa'fram), n. The frame in which a saw is set; a saw-sash. Saw-gate (sa'gāt), n. The rectangular frame in which a mill-saw or gang of millsaws is stretched; a saw-sash. Saw-gin (sa'jin), n. A machine used to divest cotton of its husk and other superfluous parts. See COTTON-GIN. Saw-mandrel (sa'man-drel), n. A contrivance for holding a saw in a lathe. Saw-mill (sa'mil), n. A mill for sawing timber, and driven by water or steam. The saws used are of two distinct kinds, the circular and the reciprocating. See under SAW. Sawn (san), pp. of saw. Sawney, Sawny (sa'ni), n. A nickname for a Scotchman, from Sandy, a corruption of Alexander. Saw-pit (sa'pit), n. A pit over which timber is sawed by two men, one standing below the timber and the other above. Saw-sash (sa'sash), n. Same as Saw-gate. Saw-set (sa'set), n. An instrument used to wrest or turn the teeth of saws alternately to the right and left so that they may make a kerf somewhat wider than the thickness of the blade. Called also Saw-wrest. Saw-toothed (sa'tötht), a. Having teeth like a saw; serrated. Sawtryt (sa'tri), n. A psaltery. Dryden. Saw-whet, Saw-whetter (sa'whet, sa'whetér), n. In the United States, the popular name for the Acadian owl (Strix acadica) of Audubon. Saw-wort (sa'wêrt), n. Serratula, a genus of plants of the nat. order Compositæ. It is so named from its serrated leaves. Common saw-wort (S. tinctoria) is a tall perennial plant with heads of purple flowers indigenous to England, growing in woods and in pasture grounds. It is used for dyeing cloth yellow, and is considered useful against piles. Saw-wrest (sa'rest), n. Same as Saw-set. Sawyer (sa'yer), n. [In regard to the form of this word comp. lawyer, bowyer.] 1. One whose occupation is to saw timber into planks or boards, or to saw wood for fuel. 2. In the United States, a tree which, being undermined by a current of water, and falling into the stream, is swept along with its branches above water, which are continually raised and depressed by the force of the current, from which circumstance the name is derived. The sawyers in the Missouri and Mississippi render the navigation dangerous, and frequently sink boats which run against them. Saxt (saks), n. [A. Sax. seax.] A knife; a sword; a dagger. Saxatile (sak'sa-til), a. [L. saxatilis, from saxum, a rock.] Pertaining to rocks; living among rocks. Sax-horn (saks'horn), n. [After M. Sax, of Paris, the inventor.] One of several brass wind instruments with a wide mouthpiece and three, four, or five cylinders, much employed in military bands. The tone is round, pure, and full. These horns comprise the very high small sax-horn, the soprano, the alto, the tenor, baritone, bass, and double bass. Called also Sax-cornet. Saxicava (sak-si-kā'va), n. [L. saxum, a rock, and cavo, to hollow out, to excavate.] A genus of lamellibranchiate molluscs, family Saxicavida or Gastrochænidæ, often found in the hollows of rocks, in cavities on the back of oysters, and among the roots of sea-weed, &c. On different parts of the coast of England masses of rock are found pierced with innumerable small holes, which form the entrances to the habitations of these animals. Saxicavida (sak-si-ka'vi-dē), n. pl. A family of perforating bivalve molluscs, named from the genus Saxicava. Saxicavous (sak-si-kä'vus), a. [L. saxum, a rock, and cavo, to hollow out.] In zool. a term applied to animals which make holes in the rocks, either by boring them or by dissolving the rock by means of some acid which they secrete. Saxicola (sak-sik'ō-la), n. A genus of birds; the chats. Saxicolous (sak-sik'ō-lus), a. In bot. growing on rocks. Saxifraga (sak-sif'ra-ga), n. A genus of plants, the type of the nat. order Saxifragaceæ. See SAXIFRAGE. SAXON It Saxifragaceae (sak-sif'ra-gā"sē-ē), n. pl. A nat. order of plants, belonging to the apocarpous group of polypetalous exogens. consists of shrubs and herbaceous plants, with simple alternate leaves, without stipules, regular, often handsome flowers with perigynous or epigynous petals, definite stamens, free or connate carpels, and albuminous seeds. The species inhabit the mountainous districts of Europe and the northern parts of the world; the whole order is more or less astringent. The root of Heuchera americana is a powerful astringent, and called in North America alum-root. Saxifragaceous (sak-sif'ra-ga"shus), a. Belonging to the Saxifragacea. Saxifragant (sak-sif'ra-gant), a. Breaking or destroying stones; saxifragous; lithotritic. [Rare.] Saxifragant (sak-sif'ra-gant), n. That which breaks or destroys stones. [Rare.] Saxifrage (sak'si-frāj), n. [L. saxifragasaxum, a stone, and frango, to break. The name was originally given to a plant supposed to be beneficial in removing stone in the bladder; but the saxifrages seem to have got the name rather from growing among rocks.] A popular name of various plants, the saxifrages proper belonging to the genus Saxifraga of the nat. order Saxifragaceæ. The species are mostly inhabitants of alpine and subalpine regions of the colder and temperate parts of the northern zone. Most of them are true rock plants, with tufted foliage and panicles of white, yellow, or red flowers; and many are well known as ornamental plants in our gardens, as S. umbrosa, London pride or none-sopretty; S. granulata, white or granulated meadow saxifrage; S. hypnoides, mossy saxifrage or ladies' cushion; S. crassifolia, or thick-leaved saxifrage; S. sarmentosa, or Chinese saxifrage, which as shown in the cut puts out ornamental sarmenta (88). The genus is a large one, containing upwards of 150 species, of which at least twelve are natives of Britain. The burnet saxifrage is Pimpinella Saxifraga; the golden saxifrage is the genus Chrysosplenium; the pepper or meadow saxifrage is Silaus pratensis. Saxifragous (sak-sif'ra-gus), a. Saxifragant. [Rare.] Saxon (sak'son), n. [L. Saxo, pl. Saxones, A. Sax. Seaxa, pl. Seaxe, Seaxan, usually derived from seax, O.H. G. sahs, a short sword, a dagger; G. Sachse, a Saxon.] 1. One of the nation or people who formerly dwelt in the northern part of Germany, and who invaded and conquered England in the fifth and sixth centuries; one of their descendants; an Anglo-Saxon; one of English race.-2. The language of the Saxons, Anglo-Saxon. The terms Saxon and Anglo-Saxon are popularly used to designate that early form of the English language which prevailed to the close of the twelfth century. See ANGLO-SAXON.Old Saxon, Saxon as spoken on the Continent in early times in the district between the Rhine and the Elbe.-3. A native or inhabitant of modern Saxony. Same as |