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GUIBERT, author of Gesta Dei per Frances ; || GUILLET DE ST. GEORGE, George, first

he died in 1124.

historiographer to the academy of painting and GUIBERT,James Anthony Hippolite, a French sculpture in Paris; he wrote the History of Mawriter on military affairs, born at Montauban, in homet II., and other works, and died in 1705. 1743. He acquired the rank of colonel, and the GUILLIAUD,Claude, doctor of the Sorbonne, cross of St. Louis, by his active services in the author of commentaries on some of the Gospels, French army, and published, in 1770, his cele-&c.

brated work," Essai general de Tactique;" a GUILLIM, John, the reputed author of a cework which, though known and admired over lebrated book, entitled, "The Display of Heralall Europe, drew upon its author the envy too drie," was born in Herefordshire, in 1565, died in often attendant on merit, which embittered a 1621. See BARKHAM.

great part of his days. He was also a dramatic GUILLOTIN, a physician, of Saintes, inventor writer, and produced three tragedies, "The Con-of the guillotine; he died of grief that this instrustable of Bourbon," "The Gracchi," and "An-ment was so much abused. na Bullen" neither of which, however, was published; he was admitted a member of the French academy; and died of an almost broken heart, in 1790; exclaiming on his death-bed, alJuding to his enemies, "They will one time know me, and do me justice."

GUICCIARDINI, Francisco, a celebrated historian, of Italy, was born at Florence, in 1482, and died in 1540.

GUISCARD,Robert, a famous Norman knight, who assisted in the conquest of Naples from the Saracens; he died in 1085.

GUISCARD, Charles, a Prussian officer of distinction, author of "Military Memoirs of the Greeks and Romans," &c.; he died in 1775.

GUISE, Claude de Lorraine, duke of, settled in France, and became founder of the family of Guise there; he died in 1513.

GUICCIARDINI, Lewis, nephew of the pre- GUISE, Francis, duke of, son of the precedceding, and a historical writer of the most ap-ing, a man of great talents; in him began the proved fidelity. His principal work is a "His-factions of Conde and Guise; he died in 1563. tory of the Low Countries, and of the Affairs of GUISE, Henry, duke of, memorable in the hisEurope," from 1530 to 1560. He was born at Flo-tory of France as a gallant officer; but an imperence, in 1523, and died in 1583.

GUICHARD, Claude de, historiographer to the duke of Savoy, and author of The Funerals of the Ancients;" he died in 1607.

GUICHERON, Samuel, a French advocate and historian; he wrote "History of the House of Savoy," and died in 1664.

rious, turbulent, seditious subject, who placed himself at the head of an armed force, and called his rebel band, The League; the plan was formed by the cardinal, his younger brother; and, under the pretext of defending the Roman catholic religion, the king, Henry III., and the freedom of the state, against the designs of the GUIDI, Alexander, an eminent Italian poet, Huguenots, or French protestants, they carried born at Pavia, in 1650, died in 1712. on a civil war, massacred the Huguenots, and GUIDO,Reni,an Italian painter, born at Bolog-governed the king, who forbade his appearance na, in 1575, died in 1642. The heads of this pain-at Paris; but Guise now became an open rebel, ter have been considered as not at all inferior to entered that city against the king's express or Raphael's. der, and put to the sword all who opposed him;

GUIDO, Cagnacci, a historical painter, of Bo-the streets being barricadoed to prevent his prologna, of great merit, died in 1680. gress, this fatal day is called in the French hisGUIDOTTI, Paul, a painter and anatomist,tory, The Day of the Barricades. Masters of who, in attempting to fly, fell and broke his Paris, the policy of the Guises failed them; for limbe; he died in 1829. they suffered the king to escape to Blois, though GUIGNARD, John, a jesuit, who was execut-he was deserted in his palace at Paris by his ed at Paris for high treason, in 1595. very guards. At Blois, Henry convened an asGUIGNES, Joseph de, a native of Pontoise;sembly of the states of France; the duke of he became interpreter to the French king in 1741, and wrote many works; he died in 1800. GUILD, William, D. D., a Scotch divine, professor of divinity and philosophy at Aberdeen; he died in 1662.

Guise had the boldness to appear to à summons sent him for that purpose; a forced reconciliation took place between him and the king, by the advice of this assembly; but it being accidentally discovered, that Guise had formed a plan GUILLAIN, Simon, a sculptor, rector of the to dethrone the king, that weak monarch, inpainting and sculpture academy at Paris; he stead of resolutely bringing him to justice, had died in 1658. him privately assassinated, Dec. 23, 1558, in the GUILLANDIUS, Melchior, an eminent phy-38th year of his age His brother, the cardinal, sician and botanist in Prussia, wrote an excel-shared the same fate the next day. lent commentary on the Papyrus, &c.; he died in 1589.

GUILLELMA, of Bohemia, the foundress of an infamous sect which started up in Italy in the 13th century, and which, under the mask of devotion, used to practise all manner of lewdness. Guillelma imposed so effectually upon the world by a show of extraordinary devotion all her life time, that she was not only reputed holy at her death, but also revered as a saint a considerable time after it. However, her frauds, and the delusions she had employed, were at last discovered; upon which her body was dug up, and burnt, in 1300. She died in 1281, and had been buried

in Milan.

GUISE, Charles, duke of, eldest son of Henry, was arrested on his father's murder, but escaped; he was reconciled to the king, but the jealousy of Richelieu drove him from the kingdom; he died in 1640.

GUISE, Lewis de Lorraine, cardinal of, son of Henry, well known as illustrious in arms, and in the arts of peace; he died in 1621.

GUISE, Henry of Lorraine, duke of, grandson of Henry, was remarkable for his intrigues with the duke of Bouillon, &c.; he died in 1664.

GUISE, William, an English divine, eminent for his translations from the oriental languages, born in Gloucestershire, in 1653, died in 1683. Foreigners have styled him "the immortal orna. GUILLEMEAU, James, a French surgeon,ment of the university of Oxford." author of some valuable works: he died in 1612.

GUITTON, John. a citizen of Rochelle, was

elected mayor, captain-general, and governor, known as an able antiquarian, and correct writwhen that city was besieged by cardinal Riche-er; he died in 1638.

lieu, in 1637. He would not accept the command, GUTHRIE, William, a very laborious and vounless it was agreed that a poignard, which he luminous writer on history, politics, and other produced, should lie on the table in the town-subjects, born at Breichen, in Angusshire, in 1701, house, for him to put to death the first man who died in 1769. His principal works are, "Histories proposed to surrender. When he was told that of the World," of "England," and of "Scotfamine had swept off the greatest part of the in-land." He was a " writer by profession," and habitants, he coolly answered, "No matter, is said to have lent his name to booksellers for while there is one left to shut the gates." publications in which he had no concern. Such GUITTON, d'Arezzo, an early Italian poet, is asserted to have been the case with respect to flourished in the middle of the 13th century. the Geographical Grammar, called "Guthrie's;" GULDENSTAEDT, John Antony, a famous which, however, is a work that, for its general traveller, born at Riga; visited Astracan, Cau-utility and comparative perfection, confers crecasus, &c.; he died in 1781. dit on the compiler, whoever he be.

GUNDLING, Nicolas Jerome, a native of Nu- GUTTEMBERGH, John of, a citizen of Strasremberg, professor at Halle, and author of some bourg, to whom is attributed the invention of valuable works, he died in 1729. the art of printing, in conjunction with Fust, or GUNNERUS, John Ernest, a native of Chris-Faustus, and Peter Schoeffer, or Schuffer, the tiana, founder of the royal Norwegian society at Drontheim; he died in 1773.

servant, and afterwards the son-in-law, of Faustus, by whom it was further improved. He was born at Mentz, in 1408, and died there, in 1467. GUY, a monk of Arezzo, who invented the six syllables of the gamut, ut, re, mi, fa, sol, la, liv

GUNNING, Peter, an English prelate, born at Hoo, in Kent, was one of the committee appointed to review the liturgy; he died in 1684. GUNTER, Edmund, an English mathema-ed about 1026. tician, and professor of astronomy at Gresham col- GUY, Thomas, founder of Guy's hospital, was lege, born in Herefordshire, in 1581, was bred for the son of Thomas Guy, lighterman and coalthe church, and took orders; but genius and in- dealer in Horsley-down, Southwark. He was clination leading him chiefly to mathematics, he put apprentice, in 1660, to a bookseller, in the applied early to that study, and distinguished porch of Mercer's chapel, and set up trade with himself by many important improvements in ma- a stock of about 2007., in the house that forms thematical instruments for the use of naviga- the angle between Cornhill and Lombard-street. tion; of those the most celebrated are, a new projection of the sector, the invention of a small portable quadrant, the discovery of a new variation in the mariner's compass, and of a scale, which, after him, is called "Gunter's Scale." He died in 1626.

GUNTHER, a German poet, in the beginning of the 18th century, who was poisoned by a rival, when going to be presented to Augustus II., king of Poland.

GURTLER, Nicolas, a native of Basil, author of a German and French Lexicon, and other works; he died in 1707.

GUSMAN, Lewis, a Spanish jesuit, author of the history of his fraternity, in the Indies, &c,; he died in 1605.

GUSSANVILLAN, Peter, a native of Chartres, edited the works of Gregory the Great. GUSTAVUS VASA, who, having delivered Sweden from the Danish yoke, was, in 1523, elected king of that country. He was born in 1490, and died in 1560.

The English Bibles being at that time very badly printed, Mr. Guy engaged, with others, in a scheme for printing them in Holland, and im porting them; but this being put a stop to, he contracted with the university of Oxford for their privilege of printing them, and carried on a great Bible trade for many years to considerable advantage. Thus he began to accumulate money, and his gains rested in his hands; for, being a single man, and very penurious, his expenses were next to nothing. His custom was, to dine on his shop-counter, with no other table cloth than an old newspaper: he was also as lit the nice with regard to his apparel. The bulk of his fortune, however, was acquired by purchas ing seamen's tickets during queen Anne's wars, and by South-sea stock, in the memorable year 1720. He was 76 years of age when he formed the design of building the hospital, near St.Tho mas', which bears his name. The charge of erecting this vast pile amounted to 18,7931, besides 219,4997. which he left to endow it: and he just lived to see it roofed in. He died Dec. 17, 1724, in the 81st year of his age, after having dedicated to charitable purposes more money than any one private man upon record in England.

GUYARD, de Berville, a French author of some merit, died in poverty, aged 73. GUYARD, Anthony, a Benedictine monk, author of several works, died at Dijon, in 1770. GUYET, Francis, an eminent critic, of Angers, died in 1655, much esteemed.

GUSTAVUS ADOLPHUS, the greatest king that Sweden ever had. He conquered Ingria, Livonia, Bremen, Venden, Wiesmar, Pomerania, &c. He shook the throne of the emperor Ferdinand II. He protected the Lutherans in Germany, and by his victories humbled the house of Austria. The glory of this action has been unjustly attributed to cardinal Richelieu, who had the art of raising his reputation from the victories which Gustavus was content to gain. He carried the war beyond the Danube, and would perhaps have dethroned the emperor, had he not been slain at the battle of Lutzen, A, D. 1663, in the 37th year of his age, after he had de- GUYON, Johanna Mary Bouviers de la feated the imperial army commanded by Wal-Mothe, a French lady, memorable for her writstein. He carried to his tomb the name of "The ings and her sufferings in the cause of Quietism, Great Gustavus," the love of his subjects, and born at Montargis, in 1648, died in 1717. Some of the esteem of his enemies. her spiritual songs have been translated by CowGUSTAVUS III., king of Sweden, came to per. -the throne in 1771, was shot at a masked ball, GUYS, Peter Augustine, a native of Marseilies and having languished some time, died in 1792. eminent as a inan of letters, and a merchan GUTHIERES, James, a French advocate, died in 1799.

GUYON,Claude, a French historian, author of an ecclesiastical history, and other works; he died in 1771.

GUYSE, John, D. D., minister of an inde-ter, well skilled in oriental literature; his book, pendent congregation at London, and author of on theological subjects, are much esteemed; he several theological works; he died in 1761. died in 1650.

GUYTON DE MORVEAU, Lewis Bernard, HADDICK, N., count of, an Austrian genean eminent lawyer, of Dijon, and advocate geral, distinguished himself against the Turks, in neral to the parliament of that city. He was dis- 1789, and died the next year. tinguished as a proficient in natural philosophy and chymistry, and as the author of a course of chymistry, in 4 vols., and other writings on the same subject; he was made a member of the legion of honour, and a baron of the empire, by|| Napoleon, and died in 1815.

HADDOCK, Sir Richard, a valiant admiral, who distinguished himself, on various occasions, under Charles II. and his successors; he died very old, in 1714.

HADDON, Walter, an eminent English scholar, professor of civil law, in the reign of Edward; he was a zealous promoter of the refor

HADRIAN. See ADRIAN.

GWINNET, Button, a native of England, came to South-Carolina, in 1770, and soon remation, and died in 1571. moved to Georgia. He was a decided friend of the revolution, a member of congress, in 1776, and a signer of the declaration of independence. He was killed in a duel, in 1777.

GWYNN, Eleanor, better known by the name of Nell, who rose from an orange girl to be the mistress of Charles II.; she died in 1687.

GWYNNE, Matthew, a distinguished English physician, died after 1639.

HAEN, Antony de, privy counsellor, and physician to the empress Maria Theresa, was au thor of "Ratio Medendi," and a treatise on magic; he died in 1776.

HAERLEM, Theodore Van, a Dutch painter, born at Haerlem. His Christ and his apostles, in the church of Utrecht, are much admired; he died in 1470.

play genius, vivacity, and great delicacy.

GYLIPPUS, a Lacedæmonian general, sent to HAGEDORN, a German poet, of the 18th cenassist Syracuse against the Athenians, 414 B. C.tury. His works, in imitation of Fontaine, disGYZEN, Peter, a landscape painter, whose views on the Rhine are much admired; he was born at Antwerp, about 1636.

H

HAANSBERGEN, John Van, a painter, of Utrecht. The figures which he introduced into his landscapes were very much admired; he died in 1705.

HAAS, William, a printer and type-founder, was the first who engraved French type in the style of Baskerville; he invented a new printing press, and died at St. Urban monastery, in

1800.

HABAKKUK, the eighth of the minor prophets, supposed to be of the tribe of Simeon. His style is poetical, beautiful, and sublime. HABERT, Francis, a native of Berry, one of the most ancient poets of France; he wrote some fables, &c., and died in 1569.

HABERT DE CERISI, Germain, an ecclesiastic, of Bayeux, who wrote some poems; he died in 1655.

HABERT, Henry Lewis, the friend of Gassendi, and the publisher of his works, with an elegant Latin preface, died in 1679.

HABICOT, Nicolas, a surgeon, born at Bonay, was eminent in his profession, and wrote a trea tise on the plague; be died in 1624.

HABINGTON, William, an English poet and historian, born in Worcestershire, in 1605, died in 1654. His amatory poems were entitled "Castara," and printed in 1634-5 and 1640. He also published a tragi-comedy, called "The Queen of Arragon."

HACHETTE, Jane, a heroine, of Beauvais, in Picardy; she successfully headed a body of women, in an assault against the Bourguignons, who besieged her native place in 1472.

HACKAERT, John, a Dutch painter, horn at Amsterdam, in 1635. The mountainous scene ry in his landscapes is much admired.

HAGEN, John Van, a landscape painter, born in Cleves. His pieces are much admired. He died at the end of the 17th century.

HAGGAI, the tenth of the minor prophets, lived in the reign of Darius Hystaspes. He was of the sacerdotal race.

HAGUENIER, John, a French poet. His pieces are on light subjects, but possess great wit and elegance; he died in 1738.

HAGUENOT, Henry, author of medical trea- ↓ tises, was a physician, of Montpelier; he died in 1776.

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HAHN, Simon Frederick, author of the "History of the Empire," was a very extraordinary character. At the age of 10, he knew several languages, and at 24, was professor of history at Helmstadt; he died in 1729.

HAILES. See DALRYMPLE.

HAILLAN, Bernard de Girard, lord of, a French historian, born at Bourdeaux, in 1535, died in 1610. He published a history, which reaches from Pharamond to the death of Charles VII., and was the first who composed a body of the French history in French.

HAINES, Joseph, commonly called count Haines, a very eminent low comedian, and a person of great facetiousness of temper and readiness of wit, died in 1701.

HAKEM, the third of the Fatimite caliphs, was a violent persecutor of the Christians and Jews, and pretended to be the visible image of God. He was assassinated by the intrigue of his sister, in 1021.

HAKEWELL, John, mayor of Exeter, in 1632. Another brother, William, was of Exeter college; he warmly espoused the party of the puritans, and published "The Liberty of the Subject against the power of Impositions," &c.

HAKEWELL, George, a learned divine, born at Exeter, in 1579, died in 1619. His principal work is "An Apology, or Declaration of the. HACKET, John, an English prelate, of great Power and Providence of God in the govern merit, was chaplain to James I. bishop of Lichment of the World, proving that it doth not defield and Coventry,; he spent eight years in re-cay," &c. pairing his cathedral, at the expense of 20,000l., HAKLUYT, Richard, famous for his skill in nearly all his own, and died in 1670. the naval history of England, was born in HereHACKET, William, an English fanatic, in fordshire, in 1553, and died in 1616. He is authe reign of Elizabeth. He was hung and quar-thor of a "Collection of Voyages and Discovetered for blasphemy, in 1592. ries," in 3 vols. folio, and of several other useful HACKSPAN, Theedore, a Lutheran minis-works.

HALDE, John Baptist du, a learned French-been a man of great wit and learning, and of as man, born at Paris, in 1674, died in 1743. We great meekness, modesty, and piety. His works have of his, a valuable work, entitled "Grande make 5 vols. in folio, and have gained him the Description de la Chine et de la Tartarie," in 4 appellation of the "Christian Seneca " vols. folio.

HALL, Lyman, governor of Georgia, was a zealous advocate for the revolution, a member of congress in 1776, and a signer of the decla tion of independance. He died about 1790. HALLE, Antony, a good Latin poet and professor of eloquence at Caen; he died at Faris

HALE, Sir Matthew, a most learned lawyer, and chief justice of the King's Bench, born in 1609. The attainments of Sir Matthew were wonderful; for he had, beside his peculiar profession, a considerable knowledge in the civil law, in arithmetic, algebra, and other mathe-in 1675. matical sciences, as well as in physic, anato- HALLE, Peter, professor of canon law in the my, and surgery; was very conversant in ex-university of Paris, born at Bayeux, in Normanperimental philosophy, and other branches of dy, in 1611, died in 1689. philosophical learning, and in ancient history and chronology; but, above all, he seemned to have made divinity his chief study; so that those who read what he has written upon theological questions, might be inclined to think that he had studied nothing else. His principal works are legal, philosophical, and religious; of the former, the most valuable are, his "Pleas of the Crown," and a "History of the Common Law of England." He died in 1676.

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HALLE, Claude Guy, of Paris, distinguished as a painter, died in 1736. His son, Noel, was also respectable in the same art; he died in 1758.

HALLER, Albert, an illustrious physician, and voluminous writer, born at Berne, in Switzerland, in 1702, died in 1777. He is supposed to have been the most acute, various, and original genius, that has appeared in the medical world since Boerhaave.

HALLEY, Edmund, a most eminent English HALES, John, an English divine and poet, philosopher and astronomer, born in London, in born at Bath, in 1584, died in 1656. After his 1656. His astronomical discoveries greatly im death, there came out a collection of his works, proved the art of navigation, and his works are with this title, "Golden Remains of the ever-highly valued in every part of Europe. He died memorable Mr. John Hales, of Eton College,' at Greenwich, in Jan. 1741-2. &c. HALLIFAX, George Saville, marquis of. Sce HALES, Stephen, a very celebrated natural SAVILLE. philosopher and mathematician, born in Kent, HALLIFAX, Dr. Samuel, bishop and archin 1677, died in 1761. Among many other use-deacon of St. Asaph, was a prelate of great ful inventions of his, was that of ventilators; knowledge and ability; an incomparable civiwhich he continued to improve as long as he lian, and an extremely acute public speaker. lived. His "Statical Essays" have been often His sermons at bishop Warburton's lectures are printed, and are well known. much esteemed; and his Analysis of bishop HALI-BEIGH, a Polander, whose original Butler's Analogy (a book entirely abstruse and name was Bobowski. Being taken by the Tar-metaphysical) is written with great elegance of tars, while a child, he was sold to the Turks, style, as well as with much profundity of thinkwho educated him in their religion. He acquired ing. He was born at Chesterfield, in 1730, and the knowledge of 17 languages, and became in died in 1790. terpreter to the grand signior; translated intoj the Turkish language the catechism of the church of England, and all the Bible; composed a Turkish grammar and dictionary, and other things which were never printed His principal work is "A Treatise upon the Liturgy of the Turks, their Pilgrimages to Mecca, their Circumcision, and Manner of visiting the Sick." He died in 1675.

HALKET, Lady Anna, was born in London, in 1622, and married Sir James Halket, in 1656. Her father, Robert Murray, was preceptor to Charles I. From her MSS. was selected a volume of meditations; she died in 1699.

HALS, Francis, an admired portrait painter, of Mechlin: he died in 1666.

HALS, Dirk, brother of the preceding, was a painter of festive and low scenes; he died in 1656.

HAMBERGER, George Albert, an eminent mathematician, of Franconia, and author of a valuable work on optics and other subjects; he died in 1726.

HAMBERGER, George Christopher, a learned German, published Orpheus and other volu minous works; he died in 1773.

HAMEL, du Monceau, Henry Lewis du, of Paris, eminent for his knowledge of mechanics, agriculture and commerce; he died in 1782.

HAMEL, John Baptist du, a celebrated French philosopher and divine, born at Vire, in

HALL, John, an English lawyer and poet, celebrated as a political writer, died in 1656. HALL, Henry, an English divine, who pub lished some occasional sermons, and was great-1624, died in 1706. Jy beloved; he died in 1763.

HALL, John, a surgeon of Kent, who flourished in the reign of Elizabeth: he published a compendium of Anatomy, &c, 1565.

HALL, Jacob, a noted rope dancer in the age of Charles II.

HALL, Richard, an English popish priest. He left England to avoid the penal laws against his religion, and became divinity professor at Douay; he was author of some theological works, and died in 1604.

HALL, Joseph, an eminent and learned bishop of Norwich, born in 1574, died in 1656. His "Meditations" are well known; and his poetical talents, chiefly exercised in satire, were very respectable. He is universally allowed to have

HAMILCAR BARCAS, a famous Carthaginian general, slain in battle 227 B. C. HAMILTON, Patrick, abbot of Ferne, in Scotland. He was condemned to the flames, for his adherence to the tenets of Luther, and endured the sentence with wonderful fortitude. He was not only pious, but learned and polite. He suffered in 1527, aged 23.

HAMILTON, James, first duke of, a distinguished commander under Charles I. He maintained his master's cause in the North, after its ruin in England; was at length defeated at Preston, and beheaded in 1649.

HAMILTON, Count Antony, an elegant writer, born in Ireland, in 1646, of a Scotch family. His most celebrated work was "Memoirs of the

HA

Count de Grammont;" but he wrote also some poems and Fairy Tales, which are excellent in their kind, and died 1720.

HAMILTON, William, duke of, was secretary of state for Scotland. He died in 1652 of wounds received at the battle of Worcester.

HAMILTON, William, an ingenious poet, distinguished by the liveliness of his imagination and the delicacy of his sentiments. He was born of an ancient and honourable family in 1704, and died in 1754. His poems were printed at Edinburgh, 1700.

HAMILTON, George, earl of Orkney, distinguished himself at the battle of the Boyne, and at Blenheim; he died in 1737.

the Navy of the United States under President Madison. He died in 1816.

HAMILTON, Hugh, a learned English prelate, professor of natural philosophy at Trinity college, Dublin, afterwards dean of Armagh and bishop of Clonfert and of Ossory; he died in 1805.

HAMILTON, William, an English historical painter, and member of the royal academy, died in 1801.

HAMLET, the name of a prince of Denmark, whose history, as related by Saxo-Grammaticus, has furnished Shakspeare with the groundwork of one of his finest plays.

HAMMOND, Antbony, an English poet and an author, distinguished also as a wit and as a man of fashion; he died about 1730.

HAMILTON, sir William, thirty-seven years British ambassador at the court of Naples, was HAMMOND, Dr. Henry, a learned English di born in the year 1729, and died in London, in 1803. The zealous and successful efforts which vine and commentator, born at Chertsy, in he made during his long residence in Italy, in 1605, died in 1660. His chief works are, a " Pracbringing to light the buried treasures of antiqui-tical Catechism;" a "Paraphrase and Annotaty need not here be enumerated; indeed, his tions on the New Testament;" and a "Parawhole life was devoted to studies connected phraseand Commentary on the Old Testament;" with the fine arts. His "Observations on Mount of which he only published the Psalms, and went Vesuvius, Mount Etna, and other Volcanoes, through a third part of the book of Proverbs. HAMMOND, James, an elegant English poet, in a Series of Letters to the Royal Society,' born in 1710, died in 1742. He was equerry to the were published with notes in 1772. HAMILTON, Elizabeth, a distinguished mis-prince of Wales; and is said to have divided cellaneous writer, born at Belfast, in 1758. Miss Hamilton remained single through life, and died at Harrowgate, in 1816. Her principal works are, "Letters of a Hindoo Rajah;" "Memoirs of Modern Philosophers;' ""Letters on the Prin-Love Elegies." ciples of Education;" and the "Life of Agrip-| pina, Wife of Germanicus." After her death, her "Memoirs," with a Selection from her Correspondence, were edited by Miss Benger, and published.

HAMILTON, Andrew, an eminent lawyer of Philadelphia, and speaker of the house of assembly; he died in 1741. His son James Hamilton was repeatedly governor of Pennsylvania between 1748 and 1771.

his life between pleasure and books; in his retirement forgetting the town, and in his gayety losing the student. Of his literary hours the principal effects are exhibited in his memorable

HAMON, John, a French physician, who wrote on religious subjects in an admired style. he died in 1687.

HAMPDEN, John, a celebrated political character in the reign of Charles I., famous for sustaining singly the weight of a royal prosecution, on his refusing to pay the ship-money in the reign of Charles I., was born in London, in 1594. Having in 1625-6 obtained a seat in the house of commons, he soon grew to be one of the most HAMILTON, Andrew, governor of the co-popular men in the nation; and after he had lony of New-Jersey, and deputy governor of Pennsylvania, died in 1702.

held the chief direction of his party in the house against the king, he took up arms in the same HAMILTON, John, a counsellor of the colony cause, and was one of the first who opened the of New-Jersey, who was at the head of its go-war by an action at a place called Brill, about 5 miles from Oxford; but he was cut off early by vernment for several years; he died in 1746. HAMILTON, John, was several times gover-a mortal wound, which he received by a pistol nor of Pennsylvania; he died in New-York, in 1783.

bursting in his hand, in a skirmish with prince Rupert, June 18, 1643, and of which he died the 24th. Clarendon has given Hampden the character of a great, rather than a good man; but when passive obedience and non-resistance were disgraced by law, he came to be esteemed a good as well as a great man, and has continued to be thought so from that time to this.

HAMPTON, James, translator of Polybius, died 1778.

HAMSA, a Mahometan doctor, known for his attempt to eradicate the tenets of Mahomet and to establish his own. He flourished about 1020.

HANCOCK, John, minister of Lexington, Massachusetts, respected and beloved; he died in 1752.

HAMILTON, Alexander, secretary of the Treasury of the United States, under general Washington, and a major general in the American army, was born in the island of St. Croix, in 1757, and came to New-York, in 1773. At the commencement of the revolution he joined the army, was aid-de-camp to the commander in chief, and continued in the service until the surrender of Cornwallis, at Yorktown, where the Americans under his command stormed and took the British works. He afterwards commenced the practice of the law in New-York,| and rose to the highest eminence in the profession. He was killed in a duel with colonel Burr, in 1804. As a statesman and a financier, he revived the public credit, and placed the United States revenue on a permanent footing. He always possessed the confidence of Washingand his death was lamented by the whole HANCOCK, John, LL. D., one of the most community, as an irreparable loss to his coun-conspicuous friends of the American revolution, was president of congress in 1776, and sed try. HAMILTON, Paul, was a firm and decided the declaration of independence in that ca, cipatriot of the revolution, governor of the state ty. He was afterwards governor of Massachu ef South Carolina, and afterwards secretary of setts for several years. He died in 1793. 229

ton,

20

HANCOCK, John, minister of Braintree, son of the preceding; died in 1744.

HANCOCK, Thomas, a benefactor of Harvard college, died in 1764.

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