JOHN XXI., elected pope in 1276, died by the fall of a building in 1277.

JOHN XXII. d'Euse, was elected pope in 1316, and died in 1334.

JOHN XXIII., Balthasar Cossa, a Neapolitan, was elected pope in 1410, and died in 1419. JOHN, king of England, was the son of Henry IV. This monarch, being compelled by the barons, signed Magna Charta, the basis of British freedom; he died in 1216.

JOHN, king of France, surnamed the Good, succeeded to the throne in 1530. He was defeated in battle and taken prisoner by Edward, the black prince; he died in 1364.

JOHNES, Thomas, born at Ludlow, in Shropshire, in 1748, was bred at Eton and Oxford. He was a member of parliament, first for Cardigan, and afterwards for the county of Radnor. His estates at Hafod, in Cardiganshire, were ||conducted on the most liberal scale, and were a strong attraction to all visiters of that part of Wales. But in 1807, the elegant mansion, a most valuable library, and a printing establish ment, from which had issued many elegant productions, were destroyed by an accidental fire, while Mr. Johnes was attending his duty in parliament. In 1811 he lost a favourite daughter, from the effects of which shock he never recovered. He died in 1816. Mr. Johnes reprinted, with great care and attention, generally

JOHN III, king of Sweden, son of Gustavus Vasa, ascended the throne in 1568. He attempted to restore the popish religion, but was unsuc-with notes and illustrations, at his private press, cessful, and died in 1592.

JOHN II., king of Castile; he was a brave warrior, and died in 1454.

JOHN II., king of Navarre, succeeded to the throne of Arragon, in 1458, and died in 1479. JOHN, son of the emperor Henry VII., was elected to the kingdom of Bohemia, in 1309, and after conquering Silesia, declared himself king of Poland. He was a prince of great valour, and was mortally wounded in the battle of Crecy, in 1346. JOHN I., king of Portugal, was raised to the throne in 1384. Under his reign the Portuguese began their famous discoveries; he died in 1433. JOHN II., king of Portugal, surnamed the Great, succeeded to the throne in 1481. He carried his arms into Africa, and died in 1495. JOHN III., king of Portugal, succeeded to the throne in 1521, and died in 1557.

JOHN IV., surnamed the Fortunate, was son of the duke of Braganza. By the assistance of his brave countrymen he shook off the Spanish yoke, and was proclaimed king in 1630; he died in 1636.

JOHN V., succeeded to the throne of Portugal, in 1707. He devoted himself to the interests of his country, and died in 1750.

JOHN, of Gaunt or Ghent, duke of Lancaster, and son of Edward III., was a prince of dis tinguished valour and prudence, and a patron of the poet Chaucer; he died in 1399.

JOHN SOBIESKI, king of Poland. See BIESKI.

JOHN, of Austria, Don, was the natural son of the emperor Charles V., and a celebrated warrior; he died by poison, in 1578.

JOHN, Fearless, Duke of Burgundy, tinguished himself at Nicopolis against Bajazet he was assassinated in 1419.

;

above alluded to, the valuable works of " Froissart,"" de Joinville," and "Monstrelet." JOHNSON, Martin, an excellent painter of landscapes, died in the reign of James II.

JOHNSON, Samuel, an English divine, of remarkable learning, and steadiness in suffering for the principles of the revolution, in 1688 He was born in 16-19, and died in 1703.

JOHNSON, John, a non juror divine, who, though promoted in the established church, expressed a mean opinion of her articles and liturgy; he died in 1725.

JOHNSON, or JANSEN, Cornelius, an excellent painter, a native of Amsterdam. In the reign of James I., he drew several fine portraits of that monarch, and most of his court, and died in 1665.

JOHNSON, Charles, a dramatic writer of merit, died in 1748. The dramatic pieces which this author produced are enumerated in the Biographia Dramatica. JOHNSON, Maurice, an excellent English antiquary, died in 1755.

JOHNSON, Dr. Samuel, born at Litchfield, in 1709, where his father was a reputable book seller. He was entered of Pembroke college, Oxford, in 1728, but left the university without taking any degree. In March, 1737, he went to London, where he appears to have met with disappointments which disgusted him with the SO-town; for, in August, we find him desirous of returning again into his native country, to take upon himself the office of master of a charity school, in Shropshire, then vacant, the salary of which was fol. a year. But the statutes of dis-the school requiring the person who should be elected to be a master of the arts, this attempt seems to have been frustrated. In 1740, he be gan to write the "Debates in the Senate of Lilliput," printed in the Gentleman's Magazine; and, after producing some poems, translations, and biographical works, which met with a good reception, (particularly "London," the "Vanity of Human Wishes," and "The Life of Savage,") he brought forth " Irene," a tragedy, in 1749. This not meeting with the success that he expected, he set about his "Dictionary." The execution of this cost him the labour of many years; but he was amply repaid by the fame which he acquired. During the recesses of this stupendous labour, he published his "Ramblers." The reputation of these works gained him the honorary degree of doctor of

JOHN, of France, duke of Berry, was son of king John, and distinguished at the battle of Poictiers; he died in 1416.

JOHN V., duke of Brittany, surnamed the Conqueror, died in 1399.

JOHN VI., duke of Brittany, a prince of great valour and benevolence, died in 1446.

JOHN V., count of Armagnac, was son of John IV., of Navarre. For his misconduct, he was banished from France, and killed in 1743.

JOHN, of Leyden. See BOCCOLD. JOHN, of Salisbury, an Englishman, bishop of Chartres, and one of the most learned persons in the 12th century. The only things remaining of his, are his "Life of St. Thomas of Canterbury" "A Collection of Letters;"laws, in the university of Dublin, which was and his "Polycration."

JOHN, of Paris, a celebrated Dominican, and theological professor at Paris, died in 1304. JOHN, of Udino, a celebrated painter, at Rome, died in 1564.

soon after followed by the same degree from Oxford. To this succeeded his " Idlers." His next publication was "Rasselas, Prince of Abyssinia," a beautiful little novel, in the Eastern style, abounding with the most useful and mo

ral maxims, suited to the several conditions of Indian affairs, in the colony of New-York life. Of his political works, which followed at known for the great influence and authority he distant intervals, the public are more divided acquired over that people; he died in 1774 about the merits: it is, however, but fair to pre- JOHNSON, Samuel, D. D., a native of Consume that they were his candid opinions upon necticut, distinguished as the first convert to the subjects, and, as such, deserving of no cen- episcopacy in the colony, and afterwards as sure from the judgment of impartiality. His president of King's college, New-York; he died last undertaking, "The Lives of the British Po-in 1772. ets," ," would alone have been sufficient to im- JOHNSON, William Samuel, LL. D., F. R. S mortalize his name, as it by far excels any thing son of the preceding, was an eminent lawyer, executed upon a similar plan, by others; and, and for several years, agent of the colony of though the critical remarks, in a few instances, New-York, in England. He was afterwards a incorporate a little too much with political opi-judge of the supreme court of Connecticut, a nions, their general excellence must always give delegate to congress, and to the convention them deserved celebrity. It is said, that he was which formed the constitution of the United executing a second part of "The Prince of States, and first senator of the U. S., from ConAbyssinia," and was in hopes to have bnished necticut. He was also president of Columbia it before his death, which event happened Dec.college, New-York, for several years. He died 13, 1784. The editor of the "Biographia Dra-at Stratford, in 1819, aged 93. matica," after bestowing many just encomiums JOHNSON, Thomas, an eminent lawyer, and on the genius of Dr J., says, it would be the a firm patriot, of Maryland, governor of that highest injustice, were I not to observe, that no-state after the revolution, and afterwards an asthing but that genius can possibly exceed the sociate judge of the supreme court of the Uniextent of his erudition; and it would be adding ted States; he died in 1819.

a greater injury to his still more valuable quali- JOHNSTON, Dr. Arthur, a physician, but ties, were we to stop here; since, together with more celebrated as a Latin poet, was born at the ablest head, he seems to have been possess-Aberdeen, in 1587, of which university he afed of the very best heart at present existing.terwards became principal; he died at OxEvery line, every sentiment, that issues from his ford, in 1641. His "Epigrams," and version pen, tends to the great centre of all his views, of the " Psalms," are excellent. the promotion of virtue, religion, and humani- JOHNSTON, Charles, born in Ireland, was ty; nor are his actions less pointed toward the bred to the bar; but, being exceedingly deaf, he same great end. Benevolence, charity, and relinquished that profession. In 1760, he pubpiety, are the most striking features of his cha-lished "Chrysal, or the Adventures of a Guiracter; and while his writings point out to us rea;" a political Romance, in which all the what a good man ought to be, his own conduct scenes and characters were sketched from real sets us an example of what he is." A statue to life. This was followed by "The Reverie; or, Dr. Johson's memory has been erected in St.a Flight to the Paradise of Fools;" the "HistoPaul's cathedral. In an East India newspaper ry of John Juniper, Esq., alias Juniper Jack," we meet with the following poetical picture of &c. &c. In 1782, Mr. Johnston went to India, this celebrated character: where he died about 1800.

"Herculean strength and a stentorian voice,
Of wit a fund, of words a countless choice;
In learning, rather various than profound,
In truth intrepid, in religion sound:
A trembling frame and a distorted sight,
But firm in judgment and in genius bright;
In controversy rarely known to spare,
But humble as the publican in pray'r;
To more than merited his kindness, kind,
And, tho' in manners harsh, of friendly mind;
Deep tinged with melancholy's blackest shade,
And tho' prepared to die, of death afraid-
Such Johnson was-of him with justice vain,
When will this nation see his like again.

JOHNSTON, Gabriel, governor of the colony. of North Carolina, died in 1762. His administration contributed to the increase and prosperity of the colony, and to the advancement of learning there.

JOHNSTONE, James, a Scotch physician, distinguished for his treatment of a malignant fever, at Kidderminster, died in 1802.

JOHNSTONE, George, one of the commissioners sent to treat with America, during the war; he died in 1787.

JOINVILLE, John Sieur de, an eminent French statesman, and author of "The History of St. Louis," a very curious and interesting piece, died in 1318, aged 90.

JOHNSON, Thomas, a London apothecary,| JOLOGOEH, a Welch bard, who, from 1370 and the best herbalist of his time, died in 1644.to 1420, was in the court of Owen Glendowr. JOHNSON, Samuel, LL. D., a member of JOLY, Guy, known by his long and faithful congress, and senator from North Carolina, af-attachment to the famous cardinal de Rhetz, terwards a judge of the supreme court, and go-whom he attended both in his prosperity and vernor of that state; he died in 1816. adversity. He wrote " Memoirs of his Times," JOHNSON, Sir Nathaniel, governor of the from 1648 to 1665; which, as Voltaire expresses colony of South Carolina, in 1706. He display-it, "are to those of the cardinal, what the sered great ability and judgment in defending the vant is to the master.” colony from the French and Indians; he died in 1713.

JOHNSON, Edward, an inhabitant of Massachusetts, author of a work, entitled "The Wonder Working Providence of Sion's Saviour, in New-England, from 1628 to 1652."

JOLY, Claude, a French ecclesiastic, who died in 1700.

JONAH, the fifth of the minor phophets, was sent to denounce judgments on Nineveh. He died about 761 B. C.

JONAS, Anagrimus, a learned Icelander, JOHNSON, Robert, the last proprietary go-who acquired a great reputation for astronomy vernor of South Carolina, in 1719, afterwards appointed to the same office by the crown; he died in 1735.

JOHNSON, Sir William, superintendent of

and the sciences, died in 1640, at the age of 95. JONAS, Justus, a famous protestant divine and polemical writer, in Germany, born in Thuringía, in 1493, died in 1555.

JONATHAN, son of Saul, and the faithfull writings, to propagate the doctrines of infidelity friend of David, was slain in battle by the Phi-as has been a favourite practice with some moJistines, 1055 B. C. dern philosophers of reputation, he was desirJONATHAN, a general of the Jews, and bro-ous to lend the Scriptures his utmost support: ther of Judas Maccabeus, was a valiant man, and, in one of his latest annual discourses to and cruelly put to death, 144 B. C. the Asiatic Society, he has done more to give JONES, William, an English divine, of learn validity to the Mosaic history of the creation ing and piety, whose works are highly esteem-than has been done by the researches of any coed; he died in 1801. temporary writer. The following epitaph, wris ten by and for himself, is equally admired fo its truth and its elegance.

JONES, Jeremiah, a dissenting divine, and author, died in 1724.

JONES, John, a Benedictine monk, educated at Oxford, was made vicar-general of his order, and died in 1636.

JONES, David, a native of Wales, wrote some poetical pieces, and died in 1780.

JONES, John, a Welch antiquary, who was employed 40 years, from 1590 to 1630 in collecting Welch MSS.

JONES, Rice, a Welch poet, died in 1801. JONES, John, a dramatic writer, in the reign of Charles I.

JONES, Inigo, a celebrated English architect, born in London, in 1572, died in 1652. His abilities in all human sciences surpassed most of his age. His designs and buildings were many and important; but for an account of these we must refer the reader to Campbell's" Vitruvius Britannicus."

JONES, John, a medical writer, born in Wales, died in 1580.

JONES, Sir William, judge of the king's bench, in the reign of James I., and Charles I JONES, Sir Thomas, a judge of the king's bench, under Charles II. and James II.

JONES, William, one of the last of those genuine mathematicians, admirers, and cotemporaries of Newton, who cultivated and im proved the sciences in the present century, father to Sir William Jones.was born in Anglesey, in the year 1680, and died in 1749.

"Here was deposited the mortal part of a man who feared GOD, but not death; and maintained independence, but sought not riches; who thought none below him, but the base and unjust; none above him but the wise and virtuous; who loved his parents, kindred, friends, and country:

and having devoted his life to their service,
and the improvement of his mind,
resigned it calmly,

giving glory to his Creator,
wishing peace on earth,

and good will to all his creatures,

on the..... day of..

in the year of our blessed Redeemer...."

JONES, Richard, a Welchman, and an in genious author, died in the 17th century.

JONES, David, speaker of the colonial as sembly of New-York, and a judge of the su preme court of that state, died in 1775.

JONES, Thomas, an English divine, eminent as an instructer of mathematics, at Cambridge, died in 1807.

JONES, John Paul, a native of Scotland, who, after being engaged in the merchant service of JONES, Henry, a native of Drogheda, in Ire Great Britain, came to America, at the comland, and no mean dramatic poet, though ori mencement of the revolution, and received a ginally a journeyman bricklayer, died very poor, lieutenants commission in the navy of the Uniin 1770. His principal performance," The ted States. He was soon after promoted, and, Earl of Essex," a tragedy, appeared in 1753. as captain of the Ranger, and afterwards of the JONES, Griffith, born in London, in 1721, died Bonne Homme Richard, fought battles and gainin 1786. This gentleman was many years edi-ed victories, which gave him reputation throughtor of the London Chronicle, of the Daily Ad-out Europe, and which, for their desperation, vertiser, and, we believe, of the Public Ledger, have seldom been equalled. He also annoyed In the Literary Magazine," with Johnson, the enemy's merchant vessels in every sea. and in the British Magazine," with Smollet and Goldsmith, his anonymous labours were of ten associated. His modest mind shrunk from public attention; and his labours were most frequently directed to the improvement of the younger and more untutored classes of mankind.

After the peace, he was, for a time, in the service of Russia. He died at Paris, in 1792.

JONES, John, M. D., an eminent physician, of New York, afterwards professor of surgery in King's college; he died in 1791.

JONES, William, speaker of the house of assembly, and governor of the state of RhodeIsland, died in 1822.

JONG, Ludolph de, a Dutch painter of eminence, died in 1697.

JONGHE, Baldwin, or Junius, a Franciscan monk, and the author of several works, died in 1634.

JONIN, Gilbert, a jesuit, known as an eminent poet, died at Tournon, in 1638. JONSIUS, John, a native of Holstein, and an elegant writer, died in 1659.

His translations from the French are very numerous, but cannot now be traced. JONES, Sir William, one of the judges of the supreme court of judicature, in Bengal, and an excellent poet, to whose translations we are indebted for many beautiful effusions of the Persian muse, was born in London, in 1746, and died in 1794, at the premature age of 48. Endowed by nature with a mind of extraordinary vigour, Sir William, by unwearied industry, aided by superior genius, successfully explored the hidden sources of Oriental science and lite- JONSON, Benjamin, a celebrated English rature; and his attainments in this interesting poet, born in Westminster, in 1574. He was branch of learning were such as to make him bred a bricklayer, but went afterwards to St. far beyond all competition, the most eminent John's college, Cambridge; where, however, Oriental scholar, in this, or perhaps any other his continuance was short in proportion to his age. Unlike many other eminent literary cha- finances, which would not supply the decent racters of the age, Sir William was a sincere conveniences of a learned ease. In this exiand pious Christian; instead of labouring by his gence he turned his thoughts upon the play

JOSEPH, son of Jacob and Rachel, was the favourite of his father. In Egypt he rose to be the governor of the country, and died 1636 B. C. JOSEPH, husband of Mary, the mother of Jesus Christ, was of the tribe of Judah, and of the lineage of David.

JOSEPH, of Arimathea, a counsellor, and disciple of our Saviour.

houses: his inclination and genius lay to com-|| positions for the stage; and he had the example of Shakspeare, who had taken the same course, in the like difficulties, with success. The first play Jonson printed was the comedy entitled "Every man in his humour;" after which he produced a play regularly every year, for some years successively. In 1619, on the death of Daniel, he succeeded to the vacant laurel; and JOSEPH 1., 15th emperor of the house of this office obliged him to provide the Christmas Austria, was crowned king of Hungary, in 1687, diversion of a masque: accordingly, in his elected king of the Romans, in 1690, and sucworks, we have a series of these and other en-ceeded to the empire of Germany, in 1705; he tertainments of a like kind, most of which were died in 1711. presented at court from 1615 to 1625. He died in 1637, and was interred in Westminster Abbey. Over his grave is a common pavement stone, and on it are engraven these words,

"O RARE BEN JONSON. "' JOHNSTON, John, a polish naturalist, velled over Europe, and died in 1675.

JOSEPH II.,emperor of Germany, was elected king of the Romans, in 1764, and crowned emperor the following year; he was a benevolent monarch, but too fond of innovation; he died in 1790.

JOSEPH, king of Portugal, of the Braganza fatramily, ascended the throne in 1750, and died in 1777. His reign was turbulent and unfortunate.

JORAM, king of Israel, 896 B. C.; he was slain 884 B. C.

JORAM, king of Judah 889 B. C.; he died in 885 B. C.

JORDAENS, James, an eminent painter of the Flemish school, born at Antwerp, in 1593, died in 1678. He improved under Rubens, for whom he worked, and from whom he drew his best principles.

JORDAN, Sir Joseph, an English admiral, by whose extraordinary valour, the Dutch were defeated at the battle of Solebay, in 1672.

JOSEPH MEIR, a learned rabbi, was born in France, in 1496, and died in 1554. JOSEPH, Ben Gorion, a Jewish historian, who flourished in the 10th century.

JOSEPH, of Paris, a capuchin, and confidant of Richelieu, died in 1638.

JOSEPH, Father, an apostate monk, who raised 6000 banditti in 1678, to extirpate the catholic religion in Hungary

JOSEPHUS, Flavius, the ancient historian of the Jews, born at Jerusalem, A. D. 37, died in 93. His "History of the Jewish War and JORDAN,Charles Stephen, a Prussian writer, the Destruction of Jerusalem," in 7 books, was highly esteemed by Frederick the Great, who composed at the command of Vespasian, and erected a monument to him, with this inscripis singularly interesting and affecting, as the tion, "Here lies Jordan, the friend of the mu-historian was an eye-witness of all that he reses and of the king." He died in 1746. lates St. Jerome calls him "the Livy of the JORDAN, John Christopher, privy coun-Greeks." His "Jewish Antiquities," in 20 sellor to the king of Bohemia, was an eminent books, written in Greek, are a very noble work: antiquary, and died in 1740. we have also a discourse "upon the Martyrdom of the Maccabees;" which is a master-piece of eloquence, for he was certainly a great orator, as well as a great historian,

JOSHUA, the son of Nun, and successor of Muses, in conducting the Israelites to Canaan. he died 1424 B. C.

JOSIAH, king of Judah, 641 B. C., died 610 B.-C.

JORDAN, Dorothea, an eminent English ac tress, was the daughter of Capt. Bland, of a most respectable family in Ireland. Her mother eloped with her father; they both took to the stage; and our heroine was born among the Thespian corps. As an actress, she commenced her career in Dublin; but soon quitted that for Tate Wilkenson's York company; where she soon distinguished herself so much as speedily JOSSELYN, John, a native of Great Britain, to attract the notice of the London managers. who came to America in 1663, and wrote an She died at St. Cloud, in France, in 1816; and account of New-England, &c. As a historian was indebted, we believe, to the kindness of a he is not esteemed worthy of great credit. casual English traveller for a decent interment. JOUBERT, Francis, a priest of Montpelier, The obscurity of her retreat, and the penury inconfined in the Bastile, for his attachment to the which she ended a life that had led to much Jansenists; he died in 1763. higher expectations, very much interested and astonished the public.

JORDAN, Thomas, a dramatic writer, in the reign of Charles I. Langbaine speaks of him as having been an actor also.

JORDANO,Luca, an eminent Italian painter, was born at Naples, in 1632, died in 1705, JORDEN, Edward, an English physician, and an author, died in 1632.

JORNANDES, a Goth, author in the time of Justinian.

JOUBERT, Laurence, a French physician and medical writer, born at Valence, in 1520, died in 1582.

JOUBERT, Bartholomew Catharine, a French general of great celebrity, second in command under Buonaparte in the conquest of Italy, was killed at the battle of Novi, in 1799.

JOURDAIN, Amable Brechillet, an oriental scholar, distinguished for his attainments in the study of the eastern languages, died in 1818. JOUSSE, Daniel, a French lawyer, who wrote some valuable works, died in 1781.

JORTIN, Dr. John, a learned English divine and ecclesiastical historian, born in London, in JOUVENCY, Joseph, a French jesuit, pro1698, died in 1770. His chief works are, "Dis-fessor of belles-letters at Caen, and a writer, courses concerning the Truth of the Christian died in 1719.

JOVIANUS, Flavius Claud, a Roman empe

Religion;""Miscellaneous Observations upon JOUVENET, John, a French painter, whose Authors, ancient and modern;" "Remarks pieces are esteemed, died in 1717. upon Ecclesiastical History," "Life of Erasmus;" and "Remarks upon the works of Eras-ror, elected by the army after the death of Julian mus " the Apostate, in 363. He at first refused, saying,

JULIA, the daughter of Titus; her character was infamous.

JULIA DOMNA, the wife of the emperor Severus, was well skilled in philosophy and the sciences.

that he would not command idolatrous soldiers; Tiberius. She was banished by the latter for but, upon an assurance that they would embrace her debaucheries. Christianity, he accepted the throne, immediately shut up all the pagan temples, and forbade their sacrifices; but he did not long enjoy the dignity to which his merit had raised him; being suffocated in his bed by the fumes of a fire which had been made to dry the chamber, in 364, in the 33d year of his age, and 8th month of his reign. JOVINIAN, a monk of Milan, who became the head of a sect,, and died in consequence of his debauchery, A. D., 406.

JOVIUS, Benedictus, brother of the historian, known as a poet and historical writer.

JOVIUS, Paul, an Italian Giovio, well known by his histories, was born at Como, in Italy, in 1483, and died in 1552.

JOYEUSE, Anne de, a duke and admiral of France, and a favourite of Henry III.; he died in 1587.

JOYEUSE, Francis de, brother to the preceding, was an able minister of Henry III. and IV., and Lewis XIII.; he died in 1615. JOYNER, William, or Lyde, an English writer, who embraced popery, and died in 1706. JUAN, George, a Spaniard, knight of Malta, known as an able mathematician; he died at Madrid, in 1773.

JUBA, king of Mauritania, was driven from bis kingdom by Cæsar, and destroyed himself 42 B. C.

JUBA, son of the preceding, was carried prisoner to Rome by Cæsar, but under Augustus, he recovered his dominions.

JULIAN, the Roman emperor, commonly styled the Apostate, because he professed Christianity before he ascended the throne; after which he openly embraced paganism and persecuted the Christians. He was killed in battle 363.

JULIAN, St. archbishop of Toledo, author of a work against the Jews, died in 690.

JULIANA a singular charseter of Norwich, who in her zeal for mortification, confined herself between four walls; she lived in the time of Edward III.

JULIEN, Peter, one of the best statuaries that France ever possessed. His last work was a marble statue of Poussin. His bathing nymph, in white marble, and the statue of La Fontaine, are considered as his chefs d'œuvres. He died at Paris, in 1805, at an advanced age.

JULIO, Romano, an Italian painter, the disciple of Raphael, with whom he was a particular favourite, died in 1546, leaving immortal proofs of his great abilities.

JULIUS I., pope and saint, was elected pope in 337, and died in 352; he was a man of learning and piety.

Arbizala, in 1440, and died in 1513. He built the famous church of St. Peter at Rome, and was a generous patron of the polite arts.

JULIUS II., pope, called before Julian de la Rovere, equally distinguished for his warlike exJUDA, Hakkadish, or the Saint, a rabbi, cele-ploits and political negotiations, was born at brated for his learning and riches, who lived in the time of the emperor Antoninus, and was the friend and preceptor of that prince. He collected, about 26 years after the destruction of JULIUS III., John Marie du Mont, a native the Temple, in a book which he called the of Arezzo, was elected pope in 1550. He dis"Misna," the constitutions and traditions of solved the council of Trent, where he presided the Jewish magistrates and doctors who pre-in the name of Paul III., and died in 1556. ceded him.

JUDA, Leo, son of a priest of Alsace, was well skilled in Hebrew, and died minister of Zurich, in 1542.

JUDA-CHING, a rabbi, of Fez, of the 11th century, author of an Arabic dictionary and other works.

JUNCKER, Christian, an able medalist, was born at Dresden, and died in 1714.

JUNCTIN,or GUINTINO, Francis, an Italian, and a Carmelite, who quitted the catholic for the protestant religion, and settled in France, where he died in 1580.

JUNGERMAN, Godfrey, professor of law at Leipsic, died in 1610.

JUDAH, the fourth son of Jacob and Leah, was the head of a tribe, and died in 1636 B. C. JUNGERMAN, Lewis, brother to the preJUDAS ISCARIOT, so called, from the place ceding, distinguished for works on botany and of his birth, betrayed his Lord and Master Je-natural history, died in 1653. eus Christ for 30 pieces of silver, and immediately hanged himself.

JÚDE, St., an apostle, and the author of an epistle, was brother of James the Less, and suffered martyrdom, A. D. 80.

JUNGIUS, Joachim, professor of mathematics at Glossen, died in 1657.

JUNILIUS, a bishop of Austria in the 6th century,

JUNIUS, Adrian, a learned Dutchman, and JUDEX, Matthew, a learned German, divini-author of numerous works; he died in 1575.

ty professor at Jena, died in 1564.

JUGLARIS, Aloysius, an Italian jesuit. He wrote 100 panegyrics on Jesus Christ and 40 on Lewis XIII., and died in 1653.

JUNIUS. See BOYD, Hugh.

JUNIUS, or DU JOHN, Francis, professor of divinity at Leyden. His best known work is a Latin version of the Hebrew Bible, he died in 1602.

JUGURTHA, a brave Numidian prince, who sustained a war of five years against the power. JUNIUS, Francis, or Francois du John, born of Rome: he was at last betrayed, thrown into a dungeon, and died of hunger. JUIGNÉ BROISSINIERE, D. Seigneur de Moliere, wrote a Theological and Historical Dictionary, published in 1644.

JULIA, a virgin and martyr of Carthage, 440. JULIA, daughter of Cesar and Cornelia, a Roman lady of great virtue, and the wife of Pompey; she died 53 B. C.

JULIA, daughter of Augustus, was the wife of Metellus, afterwards of Agrippa, and then of

at Heidelberg, in 1589, died in 1677. He was highly distinguished for his skill and researches in the Anglo-Saxon and Gothic languages. JUNTA, Thomas, a physician of Venice, and an author, died in the 16th century.

JUNTAS. There were two of the name, printers of celebrity, who had establishments at Venice, Florence, and Geneva. One of them died in 1519; the time of the death of the other is not known.

JURET, Francis a native of Dijon, whose