LA sions of Pierce Plowman," and one of the most of 10 vols. folio, of commentaries on the Scrip LANGHAM, Simon, archbishop of Canter bury; he was made treasurer of England by Edward III., and died in 1376. LAPO, Arnulphus di, a native of Florence. known as an able architect, died in 1300. LARCHER, Peter Henry, a French writer, author of a translation of Herodotus, of Xenophon, &c.; he died in 1812. LANGHORNE, Dr. John, rector of Blagden, LARDNER, Dr. Nathaniel, a very cminent in Somersetshire, and author of several literary productions; among which the best known are, dissenting divine, author of "The_Credibility Poems," in 2 vols., "Sermons," in 2 vols.,of the Gospel History;" of "The Testimonies "The dosius and Constantia," "Frederick and of the Ancient Jews and Pagans in favour of Pharamond, or the Consolations of Human Christianity;" "The History of Heretics," &c. ; Life;" and a translation of" Plutarch's Lives." he was born in 1684, and died in 1768. He was born in 1735, and died in 1779. LANGIUS, John, of Lawenburg, practised physic at Heidelberg; he was physician to four successive electors palatine, and died in 1565, LANGLAND, John, principal of Magdalen Hall, Oxford, and bishop of Lincoln, was a popular preacher and a benevolent man; he died in 1547. LANGLE, John Maximilian, minister of the reformed church at Rouen; he wrote a defence of Charles I., and died in 1674. LANGLE, Samuel de, son of the preceding; on the revocation of the edict of Nantes, he went to England, was made D. D. at Oxford, and died in 1699. LARGILLIERE, Nicholas de, a French painter of great merit. He painted portraits of James II., of England, and his queen, and died in 1705. LAROON, Marcellus, a painter, born at the Hague, was celebrated for his astonishing correctness as a copyist; he died in 1705. LARREY, Isaac de, a French Calvinist, who, on the revocation of the edict of Nantes, fed so Holland, and was made historiographer to the states; he died in 1719. LARROQUE, Matthew de, a French protestant minister, of deserved popularity; he died in 1684. LARROQUE, Daniel de, son of the precedLANGLEY, Batty, an English architect, au-ing, and author of several works, died in 1731. thor of some useful books, died in 1751. LASCARIS, Constantine, one of those learn its being taken by the Turks in 1453, and took refuge in Italy. He was author of a "Greek Grammar," and other small works of a similar kind. LANGTON, John, an English Carmeliteed Greeks who quitted Constantinople upon monk, was at the council of Basil. LANGTON, Stephen, made archbishop of Canterbury by the pope, in the reign of king He was one of the most John, died in 1228. illustrious men of the age in which he lived, for his learning and his writings. LANGUET, Hubert, a learned Frenchman, minister of state to the elector of Saxony, and) afterwards in the service of the prince of Orange; he died in 1581. LANGUET, John Baptist Joseph, doctor of the Sorbonne, the celebrated vicar of St. Sulpice at Paris, and one of those extraordinary men whom Providence raises up for the relief of the indigent and wretched, for the good of society, and the glory of nations, was born at Dijon, June 6, 1657, and died in 1750. .LANGUET, John Joseph, archbishop of Sens, a polemical divine, esteemed for his benevolence and piety; he died in 1753. LANIER, a painter, employed by Charles I. LANNOY, or LAUNOY, Charles de, an able general in the service of the emperor Charles V., who took Francis I. prisoner at the battle of Pavia; he died in 1527. LANSBERGHE, Philip, a learned mathematician, of Ghent, and the author of several works; he died in 1632. LANSDOWNE. See GRANVILLE. LASCARIS, John, surnamed Rhyndacenus, was of the imperial family. He was an admi rable scholar, and died in 1535. LASCI or LASKO, John de, a learned Pole, made bishop of Vesprim. He declared in fa vour of the reformation, and was dismissed from his bishopric; he died in 1560. LASENA, or LASCENA, Peter, a learned Italian, and an author, died in 1636. LASSELS, Richard, an Englishman, who embraced the catholic religion; he published travels in Italy," and died in 1768. LATIMER, Hugh, bishop of Worcester, one of the first reformers of the church of England, born in 1470. It is a remarkable circumstance, though not altogether without parallel, that, from being a papist he became a zealous protestant, active in supporting the reformed doctrine, and assiduous to make converts. his zeal, however, in the protestant faith, he was, with Ridley, bishop of London, burnt at Oxford, in 1555. For LAUD, William, archbishop of Canterbury in the reign of Charles I., was born in 1573, and beheaded in 1645 for high treason; he fell LANZANO, Andrea, an Italian paintera sacrifice to party violence, and high church who excelled in his art, died in 1712. LANZONI, Joseph, a native of Ferrara, em inent as a physician, and an antiquary; he died in 1730. sentiments. LAUDER, William, a native of Scotland, LANZI, Lewis,an Italian jesuit, distinguished as an antiquary. On the suppression of his or-memorable for an attempt to ruin the reputation der, he was made sub-director of the gallery at of Milton; an attempt which ended in the deFlorence. He was author of an essay on the struction of his own. He began first to retail Tuscan language, and other works, and died part of his design in the Gentleman's Magazine, 1747; and finding that his forgeries were not in 1810. detected, was encouraged, in 1751, to collect them, with additions, into a volume, entitled "An Essay on Milton's Use and Imitation of LAPARELLI, Francis, an Italian, eminent the Moderns in his Paradise Lost." The fidelias an architect, mechanic, and engineer. Hety of his quotations had been doubted by seveassisted Michael Angelo in his designs for St.ral people; and the falsehood of them was soon after demonstrated by bishop Douglas, in a Peter's church, at Rome, and died in 1590. 275 LAPIDE, Cornelius, a French jesuit, author paniphlet entitled, "Milton vindicated from the harge of Plagiarism, brought against him by vanced. Success inflamed his imagination, and auder; and Lauder himself convicted of seve- he became an enthusiast in the study of physial Forgeries and gross Impositions on the Pub-ognomy. The opinions relative to it, which he lic." The appearance of this detection over-propagated, were a medley of acute observawhelmed Lauder with confusion. He subscribed tion, ingenious conjecture, and wild reverie. a confession dictated by Dr. Johnson; and, finding that his character was not to be retrieved, quitted the kingdom, and passed the remainder of his life in universal contempt. He died at Barbadoes, in 1770. See BOWLE. LAUDOHN, or LOUDON, Gideon Ernest, field-marshal, and commander in chief of the Austrian forces, born in 1716, died in 1790. So high was his reputation, that Frederic the Great, of Prussia, used to say, he feared nobody so much as Laudohn. LAUGIER, Mark Antony, a French jesuit, the author of several works, died in 1769. LAUNAY, Francis de, a French advocate of eminence, and an author of law publications, died in 1693. LAUNOI, John de, a learned French writer, known for his defence of the rights of the Gallican church, died in 1678. LAUNOY, Charles de, a French general. See LANNOY. His books, published in the German language, were multiplied by many editions, and translations. This amiable clergyman (for such he was,) was born at Zurich, in 1741, and die there in 1801, in consequence of a wound which he received from a French soldier a twelve month before. LAVINGTON, George, bishop of Exeter born in 1683, and died at Exeter, in 1762. Be sides sermons, he published, "The Enthusiasn of the Methodists and Papists compared." LAVIROTTE, Lewis Anne, a French physi cian of eminence, died in 1759. LAVOISIER, Antoine Laurent, a celebrated French medical and chymical writer, born at Paris, in 1743, was murdered by the guillotine under the execrable tyranny of Robespierre, with 27 other farmers-general, in 1794. LAW, John, of Edinburgh, a famous projector, who raised himself to the dignity of comptroller-general of the finances of France, upor the strength of a scheme for establishing a bank, an East-India, and a Mississippi company, with the profits of which the national debt of France was to be paid off; but this great fabric of false credit fell to the ground, and almost overthrew LAURATI, Peter, a celebrated Italian pain-the French government, ruining some thousands ter, who flourished in the 15th century. LAURA DE NOVES, the mistress of Petrarch, who wrote in her praise 318 sonnets and 88 songs, most of which breathe the warmest spirit of poetry. She was born at Avignon, in 1310, and died in 1348. of families; and it is remarkable, that the same LAURENS, or LAURENTIUS, Andrew, desperate game was played by the South Sea professor of medicine, at Montpelier, and phy-directors in England in the same fatal year, sician to Henry IV., died in 1609. 1720. Law, being exiled as soon as the credit LAURENS, Honorus, brother of Andrew, of his projects began to fail, retired to Venice, an advocate in the parliament of, Paris, and afwhere he died in poverty, in 1729. terwards archbishop of Embrun; he died in 1612. LAURENS, Henry, a member of Congress .rom South Carolina, and president of that body in 1777. He was taken prisoner by the British, while on his way to Holland, as ambas sador from the United States, and confined in the tower, and treated with great rigour until 1781. On his liberation, he went to France, and afterwards, joined the American ministers in signing the treaty with Great Britain. He died in Carolina, in 1792. LAW, Edmund, bishop of Carlisle, an emi nent theological writer, born in 1702, died in 1787. LAW, William, an able English dissenting divine, and author of the "Serious Call ;" he died in 1761. LAW, Jonathan, a native of Connecticut, was successively a judge and chief justice of the superior court, lieutenant-governor, and af terwards governor, of that state; he died in 1750. LAW, Richard, LL. D., an eminent lawyer LAURENS, John, son of the preceding, was of Connecticut, was for several years, a judge a distinguished officer of the American army, and chief justice of the supreme court of that during the war of the revolution, and rendered state, and afterwards judge of the United States essential services to his country. He was mor-district court. He died in 1806. tally wounded in an action with a small party of the enemy in Carolina, and died in 1782 LAURENT, Peter Joseph, a native of Flanders, celebrated for his astonishing mechanical powers; he died in 1775. LAWES, William, an eminent English mu sician and composer, was killed at the siege of Chester, in the army of Charles I. LAWES, Henry, his brother, and also a great musician, in which art he is by some thought to have excelled William, was born at Salisbury al-in 1600, and died in 1662. LAURENTIO, Nicholas, a remarkable cha racter in the history of modern Rome, who, though the son of a vintner, rose to the supreme power, but was murdered by the populace. LAURI, Filippo, an eminent Italian painter, born at Rome in 1623, died in 1694. LAVATER, Lewis, an ecclesiastic, known for his abilities as a protestant controversialist, died in 1586. LAWRENCE, Stringer, a distinguished general on the East-India Company's establishment, born in 1697, died in 1775. In gratitude for his eminent services in the command of their forces on the coast of Coromandel, during a period of 20 years, the Company erected a noble monument to his memory in Westminster Abbey. LAWRENCE, James, a captain in the nav of the United States, distinguished for his bra very and skill, was wounded in an action witt the British frigate Shannon, in 1813, and died four days afterwards. LAVATER, John Gaspar Christian, a Swiss divine, of warm fancy, and natural acute ness, by which he was led to turn his attention to the expression of human sentiment and character. He perceived that not only transient passion, but even the more permanent qualities LAWSON, Sir John, captain of a ship in the of character, are often very distinctly expressed; navy of the parliament, and afterwards rearbut carried his observations in this way much admiral under the duke of York; he was killfarther than any other person had before ad- led in 1665. LAWSON, John, surveyor general of North Carolina, and author of a work, containing a natural history of that country to about the year 1700. LAY, Benjamin, an eccentric, but benevolent quaker, who distinguished himself by his deci ded opposition to slavery, and to the use of articles of luxury. He was a native of England, but removed to the West Indies, and afterwards to Philadelphia, where he died." LAYARD, Charles Peter, an English divine, and dean of Bristol; he died in 1803. LAZARELLI, John Francis, a native of Gabeo, and a poet, died in 1694. LEAKE, Richard, master gunner of England, was distinguished for bravery in several naval actions; he was born at Harwich, in 1629, and died in 1696 LEAKE, Sir John, a brave and successful English admiral, born in 1656, was distinguished by many great actions; but chiefly by his relief and preservation of Gibraltar from the French and Spaniards, in 1705. He died in 1720. LEAKE, Stephen Martin, an ingenious writer on coins, and on heraldry, born in 1702, died in 1773. LEAKE, Dr. John, physician to the Westminster Lying-in-Hospital, of which he was the founder, died in 1792. His writings on midwifery, and on female diseases, are in very high es teem. LEAPOR, Mary, an ingenious English lady, and author of some poems, died in 1735. LEAMING, Jeremiah, an episcopal clergy man, of New-England, and a theological writer; he died in 1804. being censured and suspended for disobedience of orders, he retired to private life, and died from chagrin and mortification, on account of his disgrace, about 1782. LEE, Richard Henry, an eminent citizen, and distinguished patriot of the revolution, was a member of congress from Virginia, in 1776, and first proposed to that body the declaration of Independence, which he afterwards signed. He was subsequently president of congress, and a senator of the United States, under the federal constitution. He died in 1794, and his name will be remembered with gratitude, as one of the most conspicuous actors of the revolution, so long as Americans enjoy the benefits resulting from that event. LEE, Arthur, LL. D., brother of the preceding, was also an ardent friend to the rights of the colonies, and rendered them essential services, while agent of Virginia, at London. He was afterwards minister to France, from the United States, with Dr. Franklin and Mr. Deane; he died in 1792.. LEE, Francis Lightfoot, a member of congress, from Virginia, in 1775, and one of the signers of the declaration of Independence; he died at Richmond, in 1797. LEE, Thomas Sim, a member of congress, and of the convention which formed the federal constitution, afterwards governor of Maryland, he died in 1819. LEE, Charles, attorney-general of the United States, died in 1815. LEE, Ezra, a revolutionary officer, who was engaged in several of the principal contests of the war. He enjoyed the confidence of his suLEBID, an Arabian poet, employed by Ma-perior officers, and was selected to take charge homet to answer satirical works against him. of the marine "Turtle," in an attempt to blow LE BLANC, Marcel, one of the fourteen je-up the British ship Asia, in the harbour of Newsuits whom Lewis XIV. sent to Siam, died in York. He died in 1821. 1693. LECLAIR, John, a native of Lyons, an eminent musical composer, was assassinated in 1764. LECTIUS, James, a native of Geneva, a poet and critic, died in 1611. LEDESMA, Alphonsus, a Spanish poet, died in 1623. He ac LEDYARD, John, a distinguished American traveller, a native of Connecticut. companied captain Cook in his last voyage, and witnessed his death. After suffering incredible hardships in his different journeys, he died at Cairo, in 1789, while preparing to penetrate the interior of Africa. LEE, Samuel, a learned and distinguished English divine, afterwards first minister at Bristol, Rhode Island; he died in 1691, on his return to England. LEECHMAN, Dr. William, principal of the college of Glasgow, born in 1706. died in 1785. His publications were few, but they are generally known and admired, and will remain lasting monuments of a devout and benevolent heart as well as of an enlarged and highly cultivated understanding. LEEPE, John Anthony Van der, a Dutch painter, celebrated for his sea views, died in 1720. LEESE, Anna, a native of England, of ob LEE, Samuel, an Englishman, ejected from scure origin, and of doubtful character, was the his living for non-conformity in 1686, and em-founder of the society of shakers. She came barked for North America. to America, and settled near Albany, where she died in 1784. LEE, Nathaniel, an eminent English dramatic poet. He is the author of eleven plays, all acted with applause. His thoughts are wonder fully suited to tragedy; but frequently lost in such a cloud of words, that it is difficult to see the beauty of them. He died in 1691. LEE, Thomas, president of the council of Virginia, in 1749. The administration of the affairs of the colony devolved on him until his death, which occurred in 1750. LEETE, William, a native of England, came to America to enjoy his stern republican principles, and settled at Guilford. He was chosen governor of New-Haven, and on the union of the colonies, lieutenant-governor and governor of Connecticut. He died in 1683. LEEURO, Gabriel Van der, a native of Dordt, who excelled in painting animals; he died in 1688. LEE, Charles, a native of Wales. After LEGGE, George, lord Dartmouth, an eminent serving in the English army under generals English admiral, who commanded the force sent Abercrombie and Burgoyne, came to Virginia, to demolish Tangier, in 1683. In 1688, he was in 1773, and at the commencement of the revo- made admiral of the fleet; but, after the revoJutionary war, was appointed a major-general in lution was effected, he was committed to the the army, and afterwards to the command of the Tower, on suspicion of corresponding with the troops in the southern states. He rendered great abdicated king: and he died in that prison, in and important services to the United States, but|| 1091. LEGUANO, Stefano Maria, a historical pain-of a large volume on "English Etymology, ter, the pupil of Carlo Maratti His pieces are being a derivative dictionary, in which he ha masterly, particularly in the diffusion of light not only investigated the radical meaning of and shade; he died in Italy, in 1715. many obscure and almost unintelligible words LEIBNITZ, Godfrey William de, baron of but exploded many vulgar errors, and illustraLeipsic, an eminent statesman, poet, and law-ted many passages in ancient English writers. yer, but more eminent as a writer on philoso He was born in 1726, and died in 1797. phy, born in 1646, died in 1716. His philosophical writings are very numerous, and have rendered his name immortal. LEIGH, Sir Edward, an English critic and Hebrew lexicographer, died in 1671. LEIGH, Charles, F. R. S., an able naturalist, of England. He wrote a natural history of Lancashire, Cheshire, &c., and a history of Virginia. He died in the beginning of the 18th century. LE MONNIER, Peter Charles, a cclebrated French astronomer, and one of those who made the journey to the north in 1785, for the admeasurement of the globe, died at Paris, in 1799. LE MONNIEŘ, Lewis William, brother of the preceding, was a distinguished physician and an able philosopher. He wrote several valuable articles for the French Encyclopedia,and died in 1799. L'ENCLOS, Ninon de, a very distinguished LEIGHTON, Alexander, a native of Edin-French courtezan, who, with a fine understandburgh, author of "Zion's Plea," and "Looking ing and philosophic spirit, would reason like Glass of the Holy War,' both directed against Socrates, though she acted like Lais; while, the government. He was in consequence punish-therefore, the great Conde, the Villarceaux, the ed by having his nose slit, his ears cut, and run-Sevignes, the Rochefoucaults, enjoyed her as a ning the gauntlet. He died in 1644. mistress, the learned consulted her as a philoLEIGHTON, Robert, an eminent Scotch pre-sopher and a critic. This bewitching woman late and theological writer, died in 1684. died in 1706, aged 90, retaining her personal LEISLER, Jacob, known as the leader of a charms to the last. She left some children, and rebellion, in the colony of New York, for which, one of her sons died before her, a very tragical he was accused of treason, condemned, and ex-death indeed. Not knowing her to be his moecuted, about 1691. ther (for all her operations were conducted with LEISMAN, John Anthony, a German pain-secrecy and mystery,) he actually fell in love ter, some of whose pictures are very much admired; he died in 1698. LELAND, John, the first and last antiquary royal in England, was born in London, and died in 1552. He has been styled the father of English antiquaries. with her; and when, to get rid of his passion, she discovered herself to him, through shame and despair he poignarded himself in her presence. L'ENFANT, James, an eminent French protestant minister, born in 1691, died in 1728. He LELAND, Dr. John, a celebrated English was author of three capital works, viz. Histodissenting divine, settled in Dublin, who distin-ries of the Council of Constance, Basil, and guished himself by some very estimable and laborious publications, particularly "A View of the Deistical Writers of England," and "The Advantage and Necessity of the Christian Re velation." He was born in 1691, and died in 1766. Pisa. Besides these, he published the New Testament, translated into French from the original Greek, with notes, in conjunction with Beausobre; which version was much esteemed by the protestants. L'ENGLET, Nicholas du Fresnoy, a very voLELAND, Dr. Thomas, author of a "Histo-luminous French writer, born in 1674, died in ry of Ireland," a "Life of Philip of Macedon,"1755 His" Methode pour etudier l'Histoire," and translator of Demosthenes, was born in 1722, and died in 1785. &c. seems to have been thought his best production. His end was very tragical: for, failing asleep as he was reading by the fire, he fell into it, and his head was nearly burnt off before the accident was perceived. LE LONG, James, author of "Historical Library of France." He died at Paris, in 1721. LELY, Sir Peter, an excellent portrait and historical painter, born in 1617, at Westphalia, LENNARD, Sampson, a friend of Sir Philip but afterwards settled in England. under the paSidney, with whom he distinguished himself at tronage of Charles II, died in 1680. the battle of Zutphen. He was also an eminent LEMENS, Balthasar Van, a native of Ant-translator from Latin and French; he died in werp, eminent as a historical painter, died in 1630. London, in 1704. LENNOX, Charlotte, a writer of novels and LE MERCIER, Andrew, a minister of Bos-plays, the daughter of colonel Ramsay, lieutenton, for many years pastor of a French protest-ant-governor of New-York, was born in 1720, ant church in that place; he died in 1762. LEMERY, Nicolas, a celebrated French chyinical writer, born at Rouen, in 1645, died in 1715. LEMERY, Lewis, son of the preceding, was born at Paris, and became physician to the king. He was the author of several useful books, and died in 1743. LEMNIUS, Lævinius, born at Zealand, where he became a physician, and afterwards took orders. He wrote on astrology, plants, &c., and died in 1568. and died in 1804. Her best known novel is The Female Quixotte." The latter part of her life was clouded by sickness and penury, her chief support being derived from "The Literary Fund." LENS, Bernard, painter and enameller to George II., died in 1741. LENTHAL, William, speaker of the long parliament, a dubious character during the civil wars, who sought his own fortunes by secretly siding with the republicans; he died under contrition, in 1663. LEMOINE, Francis, a French painter, who, LENTULUS, Cneius, a Roman consul, hiswithout genius, became, by application, an emi-torian, and poet, he was put to death by Tibe nent artist; he died in 1737. rius, LEMON, George William, an English divine, LEO I., or Ancient, succeeded Marcian, on who distinguished himself by the publication the throne of Constantinople, in 457. He was praised by some historians, but greatly censured by others, and died in 474. LEO, an archbishop of Thessalonica, in the 9th century, distinguished as a mathematician, LEO II., or Younger. He ruined his consti-one of the great revivers of Grecian literature. tution by his debaucheries, and died, aged 16, soon after his accession. LEO III. was the son of a cobbler, who served in the army with such success that he became a general, and in 711 seated himself on the im perial throne of Constantinople. He was de tested as a tyrant, and excommunicated by the popes of Rome, he died in 741. LEO IV. succeeded to the throne in 775. He warred against the Saracens with success, and died in 780. LEO, Pilatus, Greek professor, at Florence, about 1360; first gave lectures on Homer, and other Greek authors. LEO, of Modena, a celebrated rabbi, author of an Italian history of the rites and customs of the Jews, and other works. He lived in the 17th century. LEO, the grammarian, compiled in the 12th LEO, John, a native of Grenada, eminent LEO V., the Armenian. became a general LEO, of Byzantium, a pupil of Plato, put to "But see! each Muse in Leo's golden days Rome's ancient genius, o'er its ruins spread, a peace, he devoted himself to the prosperity and happiness of his domains, with great success. He died at Luneville, in 1729, universally lamented. LEOPOLD, William, archduke of Austria, bishop of Passau, &c., was at the head of the impe rial armies in the 30 years war against the French and Swedes, and was greatly distinguished, both in the field and cabinet; he died in 1662. LEOTAUD, Vincent, a French jesuit, and mathematician, author of a work in which he proves the impossibility of squaring the circle he died in 1672. |