and professor of theology at Paris, and author of several works; he died in 1716.

WITHERS, George, a pastoral poet, and a partisan of Cromwell; he died in 1667.

WITHERING, Dr. William, an eminent physician and botanist, died in 1799.

WITHERSPOON, John, D. D., LL. D., was a native of Scotland, and a very distinguished clergyman of that country. He accepted the presidency of Princeton college, and came to America, in 1768. Here he entered zealously into the views and interests of the colonists, was sent as a delegate to congress in 1776, and signed the declaration of Independence. When a degree of public tranquillity was restored, he resumed the station of president of the college, the exercises of which had been interrupted by the war, and retained the office until his death in 1794.

entitled "The Religion of Nature delineated;' one of the best written books in the English language. He died in 1724.

WOLLEBIUS, John, a divine of Basil, author of "Compendium Theologiæ," a work of merit; he died in 1629.

WOLMAR, Melchior, a native of Switzerland, celebrated as the teacher of Calvin and Beza, in the Greek language; he died in 1561. WOLSELEY, Robert, an English author, was a supporter of Cromwell, and an envoy to Brussels, and died in 1693.

WOLSEY, Thomas, prime minister of Henry VIII. who, from being the son of a butcher at Ipswich, rose to be archbishop of York, chancellor of England, cardinal of St. Cicily, and legate, a latere. He died in 1530. WOLSTONECRAFT. See GODWIN. WOLTERS, Henrietta, a lady of AmsterWITSIUS, Herman, a very learned and emi-dam, eminent as a miniature painter; she died nent Dutch divine; he died in 1708, having published several important works.

WITT, John de. See DE WITT. WITT, Emanuel de, an eminent Flemish painter of architecture; he died in 1692.

WITTICHIUS, Christopher, a native of Silesia, professor of mathematics and theology at different periods, in four universities. died at Leyden, in 1687.

He

WODHULL, Michael, an English writer of poems, died in 1816.

WOFFINGTON, Margaret, an eminent Irish actress celebrated for beauty of countenance, and elegance of form, as well as good sense and general merit in her profession; she died in 1760. WOIDE, Dr. Charles Godfrey, a native of Poland, one of the librarians of the British museum, a most learned grammarian and lexicographer of the Egyptian language, and editor of the famous Alexandrian New Testament. He was chaplain of the Dutch chapel in Savoy, and died in 1790.

in 1741.

WOLZOGEN, Lewis de, a divine of Amsterdam, and a zealous partizan of the Socinians; he died in 1690.

WOMACK, Lawrence, D. D., bishop of St Davids. He wrote various tracts against the Calvinists, and died in 1685.

WOOD, Isaac, an English painter in oil, and black lead on vellum; he died in 1752.

WOOD, James, professor of divinity and provost of the college at St. Andrews; he wrote against the independents, and died in 1664.

WOOD, Anthony, an eminent English antiquary, and biographer; he died in 1695, leaving some valuable works.

WOOD, Robert, under secretary of state apd an author, died in 1771.

WOOD, James, an officer of the American army, during the revolution, and afterwards governor of the state of Virginia; he died in 1813.

WOODALL, John, an eminent English surWOLCOT, John, M. D., of Devons, in Eng.,geon and writer: he died in 1638.

a very eminent and ingenious satirist, who pub- WOODBRIDGE, Benjamin, D. D., a native lished his works under the name of Peter Pin of England, and a distinguished clergyman in dar. He died in 1819. that country, was the first graduate at Harvard WOLCOTT, Roger, chief judge of the supe-college, Mass. After leaving college, he returnrior court, and governor of the colony of Con-ed to England, and died there in 1684. necticut; he died in 1767.

WOLCOTT, Erastus, son of the preceding, was a brigadier-general in the American revolutionary army, and a judge of the superior court of Connecticut; he died in 1793.

WOLCOTT, Oliver, LL. D., a son of Roger, was a distinguished patriot of the revolution, a member of congress in 1776, and a signer of the declaration of Independence, and afterwards lieutenant-governor and governor of Connecticut; he died in 1797.

WOLFE, James, a renowned English officer, who was slain at the conquest of Quebec, in 1759, aged 34. At the decisive moment which assured victory to his troops. Roused fro.n fainting in the last agonies, by the sound of "They run!" he eagerly asked who ran? and being told, the French, and that they were defeated, he said, "Then I thank God I die contented:" and almost instantly expired.

WOLFF, Christian, an eminent German law yer, philosopher, and political writer; he died in 1754.

WOLFF, Jerome, a native of the Grisons, principal of the college of Augsburgh, and an author; he died in 1581.

WOLLASTON, William, an English gentleman, distinguished as a writer, by a treatise

WOODCOCK, Elizabeth, a poor inhabitant of Impington, near Cambridge, remarkable for having existed eight days and nights without food, and buried in snow, in February, 1799. She died in July, aged 42.

WOODCOCK, Robert, an eminent English musician, and composer of music, who excelled also as a painter of sea pieces, died in 1728.

WOODFORD, Samuel, an English divine, and a writer of sacred poetry, died in 1700.

WOODHEAD, Abraham, an English divine who was converted to the Roman Catholic faith, and wrote several pamphlets in favour of the tenets he had adopted; he died in 1678.

WOODHOUSE, James, a professor of chymistry, in the University of Pennsylvania, died in 1809.

WOODVILLE, Elizabeth, widow of sir John Grey, captivated the heart of Edward IV., who married her. She died in a monastery, where she was confined by her son-in-law, Henry VII.

WOODVILLE, William, an eminent English physician, and medical writer, died in 1805. WOODWARD, Bezaleel, professor of mathematics and natural philosophy, in Dartmouth college, died in 1804.

WOODWARD, John, an English natural philosopher and physician, died in 1728.

WOODWARD, Henry, a very celebrated bishop of Hereford, and author of some conEnglish comedian, was born in London, introversial tracts; he died in 1667. 1717, and died in 1777. He was the author of a farce, called "Marplot in Lisbon," and the "Man's the Master," a comedy.

WORCESTER, Samuel, D. D., an American WRIGHT, Joseph, a very distinguished Enclergyman, settled in Massachusetts, particular glish painter, who died in 1797. He was particuly distinguished for his zeal and activity in pro-larly famous for producing extraordinary effects moting the cause of missions. He died in 1821. of light. WORLIDGE, Thomas, an engraver and portrait painter, who died in 1766.

WYAT, sir Thomas, one of the most learnWORTHINGTON, John, LL. D., an eminent ed and accomplished persons of his time, and 'awyer, of Massachusetts, died in 1800, aged 81. much in favour with Henry VIII., who employWORTHINGTON, William, an English di-ed him on several embassies. He wrote poetry, vine and theological writer; he died in 1778, aged 75.

WÝCHERLEY, William, an eminent EnWOTTON, William, an English divine, cri-glish comic poet, was born in Shropshire, in 1640, tic, historian, and miscellaneous writer, of great and died in 1715. learning; he died in 1726.

WOUVERMANS, Philip, an excellent Dutch landscape painter; he died in 1688, aged 68. WOWER, John, of Hamburgh, distinguish-wise an eminent architect, founder of St. Mary ed as a politician, and as a man of literature he died in 1612.

WYLLYS, George, son of the preceding,
was also secretary of the colony of Connecti-
cut, for nearly 60 years. He died in 1796.

WYLLYS, Samuel, son of the preceding,
was an officer of the American army during
the revolution, and afterwards secretary of Con-
necticut; he died in 1823.

WYNANTZ, John, an eminent Flemish
landscape painter; he died in 1670.

XYLANDER, William, a German, translator
of several Greek authors; he died in 1576.
XYPHILIN, John, a patriarch of Constanti-
nople, died in 1075.

Y

YALDEN, Thomas, an English divine and
poet, died in 1736.

YALE, Elihu, a native of Connecticut, who

WYNDHAM, sir William, a celebrated En-
glish statesman, was chancellor of the exche-accumulated a large fortune, in the East Indies,
quer, in 1713, and died in 1740.

WYNDHAM, Henry Penruddoch, an English
antiquarian, author of a "Tour through Mon-
mouthshire, and Wales," and other works; he
died in 1819.

WYNTOWN, Andrew, a Scottish writer of
the 14th century, who published a "Chronicle
of Scotland" in rhyme.

WYTHE, George, an eminent lawyer and
statesman, of Virginia, and one of the most ar-
dent patriots of the revolution. He was a
member of congress in 1776, and one of the
signers of the declaration of Independence, and
afterwards chancellor of his native state. He
died in 1806.

went to England, and became governor of the
East India company. He was a liberal bene-
factor of the college in New Haven, that bears
his name, and died in 1721.

YART, Anthony, a French divine and a poet,
born in 1709.

YATES, Robert, chief-justice of the state of
New-York, died in 1801.

YEAMANS, sir John, governor of the colony
of South Carolina; was removed from office,
but resided in the colony until his death.

YEARDLY, sir George, a prudent, humane,
and faithful governor of the colony of Virginia;
he died in 1626,

YEARSLEY, Anne, well known in the
WYTMAN, Matthew, an eminent Dutch poetic world as a self-instructed votary of the
painter of landscapes, animals, and conversa-Muses, and as the Milkwoman of Bristol; she
tions; he died in 1687.
died in 1806, leaving many poems.

WYVIL, Robert, bishop of Salisbury; he
presided over his see 46 years, and died in 1375.

YORKE, Philip, earl of Hardwicke, lord high-
chancellor of England, and one of the ablest
and most upright lawyers of the age; he died
in 1764, aged 74.

YORKE, Charles, son of the preceding, was
made lord high chancellor in the room of lord
Camden, and died suddenly, three days after,
in 1770. He was an elegant and profound scholar.

YOUNG, Edward, an English poet and divine,
died in 1765. He wrote "Night Thoughts,"
and other works.

YOUNG, sir William, a member of the Eng-
lish parliament, and of the royal academy, and
governor of the Island of Tobago; he died in
1814. He wrote a "History of Athens," the
"Rights of Englishmen," and several other
works.

YOUNG, Arthur, son of the preceding, was
a distinguished agriculturalist, and author of the
Farmers' Calender," the "Annals of Agri-
culture," &c.; he died in 1820.

XAVIER, Jerome, a jesuit, who was a mission-
ary in the East Indies, and died at Goa, in 1617.
XENOCRATES, a celebrated Greek philoso-"
pher, who died 314 B. C.

XENOPHANES, a Greek philosopher in the
age of Socrates.

XENOPHON, an illustrious Athenian philo-
sopher, soldier and historian; he died in the
105th Olympiad, leaving behind him many ex-
cellent works.

XENOPHON of Ephesus, the author of a
romance in 5 books; he flourished in the begin-
ning of the 4th century.

XERXES I., king of Persia, memorable for
the great army with which he entered Greece,
amounting to 5,283,220 souls, exclusive of wo-
men, eunuchs, and other asndants. This
multitude was stopped at Thermopyla by the
valour of 300 Spartans under king Leonidas.
He was murdered in his bed, 464 B. C.

XIMENES, Francis, archbishop of Toledo,
eminent as a statesman, warrior, and patron of
learning; he was at the head of the Spanish go-|
vernment many years, and died in 1517.

XIMENES, Roderick, a native of Navarre,
and author of a Spanish history was archbishop
of Toledo, about 1250.

YOUNG, Patrick, a Scotchman, emincut as a
Greek scholar; he died in 1652.

YOUNG, Robert, an eminent printer, of Edin-
burgh, died in 1655.

YRIARTE, Don John d', a very learned
Spanish author and librarian to the king; he
died in 1771.

YSE, Alexander de, a protestant professor of
theology, in Dauphine, and a theological writer;
he lived in the time of Louis XIV.

YVON, Peter, a native of France, celebrated
as a preacher among the Labadists, and a wri-
ter on mystical subjects.

Ꮓ

ZABARELLA, Francis, better known as
cardinal de Florence, was greatly respected for
his learning and virtues, and died in 1417.

ZABARELLA, Bartholomew, nephew of the
preceding, was professor of law at Padua, and
afterwards archbishop of Florence; he died in
1442.

ZARABELLA, James, son of the preceding,
XIMENES, Joseph Albert, a Spanish eccle- was professor of philosophy at Padua, and pub-
siastic, prior general of the Carmelites; he diedlished Commentaries on Aristotle's works he
died in 1589.

in 1744.

ZACAGNI, Lawrence Alexander, a native

ZENO, a stoic philosopher, born in Cyprus,

aged 98.

of Rome, who devoted himself to literature; was founder of that sect, which took its name he died about 1720. from a portico called Stoa, whence he delivered ZACHIAS, Paul, a native of Rome, and phy-his harangues, and strangled himself, 264 B. C., sician to pope Innocent X.; he published some medical works, and died in 1659. ZACUTUS, or LUSITANUS, an eminent Jewish physician and medical writer, born at Lisbon; he died in 1641, aged 66.

ZALEUCUS, a legislator of Locris, in Italy, 500 B. C.

ZALUSKI, Andrew Chrysostom, was bishop of Warmia, and grand chancellor of Poland; he died in 1711.

ZAMOSKI, John, an illustrious statesman and general, of Poland, and chancellor of that kingdom. On the death of Battori, in 1586, he declined an offer of the crown, and died in 1605.

ZAMPINI, Matthew, known for his writings in the cause of the league, in 1581.

ZENO, the Isaurian, emperor of the East, died in 491, detested for his cruelty and debauchery.

ZENŐ, Apostolo, a Venetian of illustrious birth, distinguished for his learning; he was a poet, and historian to Charles VI., and died in 1750. His works are numerous and popular.

ZENOBIA, queen of Palmyra, and by her valour, empress of the East, in opposition to three successive Roman emperors. She was subdued by Aurelian, after an obstinate defence, and died in 280.

ZEPHANIAH, one of the 12 minor prophets in the reign of king Josiah, died 624 B. C.

ZERUBBABEL, was permitted by Cyrus to rebuild the temple at Jerusalem. He restored the plundered vessels, and dedicated the new, edifice, 515 B. C.

ZANCHIUS, Basil, an ecclesiastic, of Bergamo, who wrote Latin poems, and died in 1560. ZANCHIUS, Jerome, a native of Alzano, ZEUXIS, a very famous painter, of Herac was professor of theology at Heidelberg, and a lea, who flourished about 350 B. C. He paint learned, benevolent, and pious man; he dieded some grapes so natural, that the birds came in 1590. and pecked them.

ZANNICHELLI, John Jerome, a distinguished physician and botanical writer, of Venice; he died in 1729.

ZANNONI, James, a physician, of Bologna, celebrated also as a botanist; he died about 1682.

ZANOTTI, John Peter, an eminent painter, of Paris.

ZANOTTI, Francis Maria Garazzoni, professor of mathematics at Bologna, and secretary to the senate. He published some poetical and philosophical works, and died in 1777.

ZIANI, Sebastian, doge of Venice, who lived in the 12th century, and is celebrated for his munificence in adorning his city with splendid edifices, and the works of art.

ZIEGLER, James, professor of theology and mathematics at Vienna; he died in 1549. ZIEGLER, Gaspar, professor of law at Wit temberg, and an author; he died in 1690.

ZIEGLER, Bernard, professor of theology at Leipsic, and much esteemed by Luther and Melancthon; he died in 1556.

ZIETTEŃ, John Joachim Van, a distin guished Prussian general, who died in 1786. ZIMMERMANN, Matthias, a German divine and theological writer, died in 1689. ZIMMERMANN, John George, first physi

ZANZALUS, James, an obscure monk in the 6th century, who became founder of the sect of the Jacobites. They hold the perfection of the Gospel to be the strict observance of fasts. ZAPOLSKI, John de, vaivode of Transyl-cian to his Britannic majesty for Hanover, but vania, was elected king of Hungaria, in 1526, more eminent as a philosopher; he died in 1795, and died in 1540. leaving several valuable writings on various subjects.

ZAPPI, John Baptist Felix, a Roman lawyer and poet; he died in 1719.

ZIMMERMANN, Eberhard Augustus Wil ZARATE, Augustin de, a Spaniard, sent to liam Von, a learned and distinguished German, Peru, in 1543, as treasurer-general. He pub-was professor of natural philosophy in the col lished a "History of the Discovery and Con-lege at Brunswick. He wrote a "Poetical Surquest of Peru," a work of merit.

ZARLINO, Joseph, a Venetian, who wrote with great skill and judgment on music; he died in 1599.

ZATCH LEEVEN, Herman, a native of Rotterdam, was an eminent painter of landscapes; he died in 1685.

ZAZIUS, Hulric, of Constance, known for his abilities as professor of law. He died in 1539.

vey of the Present State of Europe;" a "General Survey of France, and of the United States of America;" and numerous other works, and died in 1815.

ZINEK, Christian Frederick, an admirable enamel painter, of Dresden, who went to Eng. land, and was patronised by the royal family; he died in 1767, aged 83.

ZINGHA, queen of Angola, in Africa, in the 17th century.

ZACHARIAH, one of the minor prophets, ZINZENDORF, Nicholas Lewis, count, a who prophesied in the reign of Darius Hystas-German, who was chief of the sect called Mo pes, in so plain a manner of the Messiah, that his language appears more like that of a historian, than of a prophet.

ZEGEDIN, Stephen, of Hungary, was one of the first disciples of Luther, and wrote several theological works; he died in 1572.

ZEILLER, Martin, a German author, who died in 166].

ZELL, Ulric, an eminent painter at Cologne, about 1477.

ZELOTTI, John Baptist, a distinguished Italian painter, the pupil of Titian; he died in

1592.

ravians; he died in 1760.

ZINZERLING, Justus, a learned antiquary, of Holland, in the 17th century.

ZISCA or ZISKA, John de Troeznou, a famous Bohemian patriot, who defended his country against the emperor Sigismund, and performed prodigies of valour, after he had lost both his eyes. He died in 1424.

ZIZIM, or ZEM, son of Mahomet II., contended with Bajazet his brother, for the Ottoman throne, but being defeated, he fled, and died at Rome, in 1497.

ZOE, fourth wife of Leo VI., and mother of

ZO Constantine, during whose minority in 912, she ably governed.

ZOE, daughter of Constantine XI, a cruel and debauched princess; she died in 1850. ZOILUS, a Greek rhetorician and critic, flourished about 270 B. C.

ZOLLIKOFER, George Joachim, a protestant divine, of Switzerland, died in 1758. His devotional exercises and serinons have been translated into English.

ZONARAS, Jolin, a Greek historian, who wrote "Annals from the Creation of the World, down to the year 1818," about which time he died.

ZONEA, Victor, an Italian mathematician in the 17th century, who made valuable improvements in mechanics.

ZOPPO, Mark, a historical and portrait painter, of Bologna, who died in 1517. ZOPYRUS, a Persian noble, who assisted Darius in the conquest of Babylon.

ZOROASTER, or ZERDUSHT, a celebrated Persian philosopher, the reputed founder of the Magian religion. He predicted, it is said, the coming of the Messiab, in plain words; and the wise men from the East, who saw and folowed his star, were his disciples.

ZOSIMUS, St., a Greek, who became pope in 417, and died the year after.

ZOSIMUS, an ancient Greek historian of the Roman empire, flourished about 410,

ZOUCH, Richard, a learned civilian, of Wiltshire, who published many esteemed works, and died in 1660.

ZOUCH, Thomas, D. D., an English clergyman, who was offered the bishoprick of Carlisle, but declined it on account of his age. He died in 1816, leaving numerous works.

ZOUST, Gerard, a German, celebrated for his accuracy in portrait painting; he died in 1681.

335

ZUBLEY, John Joachim, D. D., an eminent clergyman of Georgia, was a native of Switzer land, and came to America about 1760. He died in Savannah, in 1781.

ZUCCHERO Tadeo, an Italian historical and portrait painter; he died in 1566.

ZUCCHERO Frederic, an eminent painter, and brother of Taddeo; he died in 1609, aged 63.

ZUINGLIUS, Ulricus, of Switzerland, an able and zealous reformer of the church; he was killed in a skirmish with his popish opponents in 1531.

ZUMBO, Gaston John, a sculptor, of Syracuse; he died at Paris, in 1701.

ZUR-LAUBEN, Beat de, known as an able negotiator from the canton of Zug, at the court of Lewis XIII; he died in 1663.

ZUSTRUS, Lambert, a painter of merit, the pupil of Titian.

ZWINGER, Theodore, born in Zurgan, in 1534; he published an enormous compilation, entitled "Le Theatre de la Vie Humaine," in 8 folio volumes, and aied in 1588.

ZWINGER, Theodore, grandson of the last, as a pastor and a physician at Basil; he died in 1629. His son John, was professor of Greek there, and died in 1696.

ZWINGER, Theodore, son of John, was professor of medicine and eloquence at Basil, where he died in 1724.

ZYLIUS, Otho, a jesuit, born at Utrecht, author of "Lives of Saints," &c.; he died in 1655.

ZYPÆUS, or VANDEN ZYPE, Francis, a learned theologian, and writer on civil law, was born at Malines, in 1570, and died in 1650. His brother Henry was an ecclesiastic, and abbot of St. Andrew, near Bruges; he died in 409 1659, leaving several works of merit.