When baseness is exalted, do not bate The place its honour for the person's sake. G. Herbert. Batet (bat), vi. To grow or become less; to remit or retrench a part: sometimes with of. 'Do I not bate? do I not dwindle?' Shak. Abate thy speed and I will date of mine. Batet (bat), vi. [Fr. battre, to beat.] In falconry, to flutter with the wings as preparing for flight, particularly at the sight of prey. Dryden, I am like a hawk that bates but cannot fly because I am ty'd to another's fist. Bacon. Batet (bat), v.t. To bait; to molest; to har'Barking and biting all that him do bate. Spenser, Bate (bát), pret. of bite. [Old English and Scotch. J ass. Yet there the steel staid not, but inly bate Deep in the flesh, and open'd wide a red flood-gate. Spenser. Bate (bat), v.t. [Perhaps for abate.] To steep in an alkaline solution, to remove or neutralize the lime which has been used to take the hair from hides. Bate (bat), n. The alkaline solution in which hides are steeped after being limed to remove or neutralize the lime. Batea (ba'te-a), n. [Sp.] In gold mining, a conical-shaped dish used for washing gold and pulverized samples of gold quartz. Bateau (ba-to'), n. [Fr. bateau; Ö. Fr. batel, a boat, a dim. from L. L. batus, a boat, from the Germanic. See BOAT.] 1. A light boat, long in proportion to its breadth, and wider in the middle than at the ends.-2. A pontoon of a floating bridge. Bateau-bridge (ba-to'brij), n. Milit. a floating bridge supported by bateaux or boats. Bate-breeding† (bât'brēd-ing), a. Breeding strife. This bate-breeding spy.' Shak. Batefult (bat'ful), a. Contentious; given to strife; exciting contention. 'It did bateful question frame.' Sidney. Batelesst (bat'les), a. Not to be abated; not to be dulled or blunted. [Rare.] Haply that name of 'Chaste' unhappily set This bateless edge on his keen appetite. Shak. Batement (bat'ment), n. 1. Abatement; deduction; diminution. Specifically--2. That part of wood cut off by a carpenter to make it fit for his purpose. Bat-fowler (bat'foul-ér), n. One who prac tises or takes pleasure in bat-fowling. Bat-fowling (bat'foul-ing), n. A mode of catching birds at night by holding a torch or other light, and beating the bushes or trees where they roost. The birds flying to the light are caught with nets or otherwise. Batfult (bat'ful), a. [O. E. bat, increase; allied probably to Icel. batna, to grow better; A. Sax. bet, better. Comp. also Icel. beit, pasture, beita, to graze, E. bait.] Rich; fertile, as land. Batful pastures.' Drayton. Bath (bath), n. [A. Sax. both, a bath. Common to all the Teutonic tongues save Gothic; O Sax. Icel. bath, Dan. D. G. bad, a bath.] 1. A vessel for holding water in which to plunge, wash, or bathe the body.-2. More generally, an apartment or apparatus by means of which the body, or a part of it, may be surrounded by any medium differing in nature or temperature from its natural medium. There are so many varieties of baths that it would be endless to endeavour to enumerate all. They have been divided into four classes: (a) According to the substance in which the body is immersed; as, water, oil, compressed air, medicated, mineral, &c. (b) According to inanner of application; as, plunge, shower, vapour, douche, spray, &c. (c) According to the parts bathed; as, foot, sitz, eye, &c. (d) According to temperature; as, hot, tepid, warm, cold.-A compressed air bath is taken by remaining for a longer or shorter period in a chamber filled with compressed air. Such baths have been recommended as useful in certain diseases, in which an increased expansive force is required for the air to inflate the more delicate air-passages of the lungs. A medicated bath is a liquid or vapour bath designed to produce a curative effect by virtue of some medicine mixed in it. -A natural mineral bath consists of spring water naturally impregnated with some mineral, as iron, sulphur, certain salts, &c. Such baths are resorted to by invalids in great numbers, and several towns derive their names from them, as Bath, BadenBaden, Wiesbaden, &c.--Turkish bath, a 231 bath introduced from the East, in which the patient having undergone copious perspiration in an apartment filled with heated air, is afterwards subjected to various processes, as soaping, washing, kneading (shampooing), &c., and, ultimately proceeding to an outer apartment is placed on a couch to cool, meantime sipping coffee, sherbet, &c. Turkish baths or modifications of them are to be found in all our hydropathic establishments, and in most towns of considerable size. The vapour bath, when simply of the steam of water, is the most efficient of all as a detergent.3. An edifice containing apartments fitted up for bathing; a bath-house.-4. The act of bathing or of exposing the body to some agent, as water, steam, heat, for cleanliness or health.-5. In science and the arts any vessel containing a liquid in which anything is immersed; as in photog. the vessel in which solutions are contained.-6. In chem. an apparatus for modifying and regulating the heat in various chemical processes, by interposing a quantity of sand, water, or other substance between the fire and the vessel intended to be heated. When a liquid bath of a higher temperature than 212 is required, saturated solutions are employed, in which the boiling point is higher than that of water.-Metal bath, a chemical bath for higher temperatures than can be produced by liquid baths. Mercury, fusible metal, tin, or lead are employed for this purpose.-Knights of the Bath, an order of knighthood supposed to have been instituted at the coronation of Henry IV. in 1399. It received this name from the circumstance of the candidates for the honour being put into a bath the preceding evening, to denote a purification or absolution from their former misdeeds, and that they were now to commence a new life. The present order of the Bath, however, was instituted by George I. in 1725. It was a military order, and consisted, exclusive of the sovereign, of a grandmaster and thirty-six companions. In 1815 the order was greatly extended, and in 1847 opened to civilians. It is now composed of three classes, viz., military and civil knights grandcrosses, G.C. B.; knightscommanders, K. C. B.; and knights-companions, C. B. 1 The badge (fig. 1) is a golden cross of eight points, with the lion of England between the four principal angles, and having in a circle in the centre the rose, thistle, and shamrock, between three imperial crowns; motto, Tria juncta in uno. Stars are also worn by the two first classes. That of the knights grandcrosses (fig. 2) is of silver, with eight points of rays wavy, on which is a gold cross bearing three crowns, encircled by a ribbon displaying the motto of the order, while beneath is a scroll inscribed Ich dien. The star of the commander differs chiefly in wanting the wavy rays. Bath (bath), n. [Heb.] A Hebrew liquid measure, corresponding to the ephah for dry measure, being like it the tenth part of a homer. See EPHA. Bath-brick (bäth'brik), n. [From the town of Bath, in Somersetshire.] A preparation of siliceous earth in the form of a brick, used for cleaning knives. It is found in the river Parret, Somersetshire, and is supposed to consist of the siliceous cases of infusoria. Bath-bun (bäth'bun), n. [From the town of Bath.] A sort of light sweet roll or bun, generally mixed with currants, &c. Bath-chair (bath'char), n. [From the town of Bath.) A small carriage capable of being pushed along by an attendant: used by invalids. Bathe (bar), v. t. pret. & pp. bathed; ppr. bathing. [A. Sax. bathian, Icel. batha, Dan. bade, D. and G. baden. See BATH.] 1. To immerse in water, as in the sea, a river, pond, or artificial bath, whether for pleasure, health, or cleanliness. BATHY BIUS Chancing to bathe himself in the river Cydnus. he fell sick, near unto death, for three days. South, Others, on silver lakes and rivers bathed Their downy breast. Milton. 2. To apply water or other liquid to with a sponge, cloth, or the like, generally for therapeutic purposes; as, let the wound be bathed twice a day. [In this use bathing differs from washing in being much longer continued.]-3. To wash, moisten, or suffuse 'Her bosom bathed in with any liquid. blood.' Dryden.-4. To immerse in or surround with anything analogous to water; as, bathed in sunlight. Thy rosy shadows bathe me.' Tennyson. Milton. One sip of this Will bathe the drooping spirits in delight. I watched it lying bathed In the green gleam of dewy tassell'd trees. Tennyson. Bathe (bàтH), v.i. 1. To be or lie in a bath; to be in water or in other liquid; to go into water to bathe one's self. They bathe in summer, and in winter slide. Waller. 2. To be immersed or surrounded as if with water. Bathe (baтH), n. Act of bathing; the immersion of the body in water; as, to take one's usual bathe. Edin. Rev. [This noun seems to be confined to Scotland, where a distinction is made between a bathe and a bath, the former being applied to an immersion in a sea, river, or lake, and the latter to a bath for which artificial apparatus is used.] Bather (baтH'êr), n. 1. One who bathes one who immerses himself in water.-2. One who bathes another. Bathetic (ba-thet'ik), a. [From bathos, on type of pathetic from pathos.] Relating to bathos; sinking. Coleridge. [Rare.] Bathing-box (baTH'ing-boks), n. A fixed covered shed in which bathers dress and undress. Bathing-machine (baтH'ing-ma-shen), n. A covered vehicle, driven into the water, in which bathers dress and undress. Bathing-tub (bȧTH'ing-tub), n. A vessel for bathing, made of wood, tinned iron, or zine; a portable bath. Bath-kol (bath'kol), n. A sort of divination practised among the ancient Jews, according to which the first words uttered after an appeal was made to Bath-kol were considered oracular. Brewer. Bath-metal (bath'met-al), n. An alloy of copper and zinc in nearly equal proportions. Bathometer (ba-thom'et-ér), n. [Gr. bathos, depth, and metron, a measure.] An apparatus for taking soundings, especially one in which a sounding-line is dispensed with. Bath-oolite (bath'ō-ol-it), n. Same as Bath-stone. Bat-horse (bat'hors or bahors), n. [Fr. bat, O. Fr. bast, a pack-saddle. ] 1. A horse allowed to a batman in the British army for conveying the utensils in his charge.-2. A horse for carrying baggage belonging to an officer or to the baggage train. Bathos (ba'thos), n. [Gr. bathos, from bathys, deep.] A ludicrous descent from the elevated to the mean in writing or speech; a sinking; anti-climax. Bath-room (bäth'röm), n. A room for bathing in. Bath-stone (bäth'ston), n. [From being largely used for building in Bath and neighbourhood.] A species of limestone, called also Bath-oolite and Roe-stone, from its being composed of small rounded grains resembling the roe of a fish. This member of the oolite formation has been called the great oolite; it is of considerable thickness, and yields an abundant supply of freestone for building, and is extensively worked near Bath. When first quarried it is soft, but it soon becomes hard by exposure to the atmosphere. Bathybius (ba-thib'i-us), n. [Gr. bathys, deep. and bios, life.] Huxley's name for masses of animal matter said to be found covering the sea-bottom at great depths, and in such abundance as to form in some places deposits of upwards of 30 feet in thickness. It is described as consisting of a tenacious, viscid, slimy substance, and exhibiting under the microscope a network of granular, mucilaginous matter, which expands and contracts spontaneously, forming a very simple organism, and corresponding in all respects to protoplasm (which see). Embedded in it are calcareous bodies with an organic structure, called discoliths, coccoliths, and coccospheres, which seem to belong to bathybius as such. Some men of science, however, BATHYERGUS doubt the existence of such a substance, maintaining that the apparent signs of an organic life in the matter which Huxley examined were due to the alcohol in which the matter was preserved. Recently, however, the North-polar navigator Bessels has reported the discovery in Smith Sound, at the depth of 92 fathoms, of a free, undifferentiated, homogeneous protoplasm, to which he has given the name of Protobathybius. Bathyergus (bath-i-ér'gus), n. [Gr. bathys, deep, and ergon, a work.] The genus of mammals to which the zandmole or sandmole of the Dutch boers of South Africa (B. suillus) belongs; called also the Coast-rat. It is a burrowing animal found in large numbers around the Cape of Good Hope, where it drives such multitudes of shallow tunnels that the ground is rendered dangerous for horsemen. The fur is grayish-brown, and might be a valuable article of commerce. It is of the size of a wild rabbit, and belongs to the family Spalaceida. Bathymetrical (bath-i-met'ri-kal), a. Pertaining to bathymetry, or to depth under water. Bathymetry (ba-thim'et-ri), n. [Gr. bathys, deep, and metron, measure.] The art of sounding or of measuring depths in the sea. Batideæ (ba-tid'é-ë), n. pl. A nat. order instituted by Martius for the Batis maritima, a succulent shrub growing in salt marshes in the West Indies, sometimes used in West India pickles. It has the habit of Salicornia, but its ovary has four cells, with one erect ovule in each cell, and is consequently placed in a separate but closely allied nat. order to Chenopodiacea. Bating (bat'ing). Originally a part., but now used chiefly as a prep. Abating; taking away; deducting; excepting. Children have few ideas, bating some faint ideas of hunger and thirst. Locke. Batis (ba'tis), n. A genus of saline plants, containing a single species. See BATIDEÆ. Batist, Batiste (ba-test'), n. [Fr. batiste, O. Fr. baptiste. From the name of its inventor Baptiste, a linen weaver of Cambrai, in French Flanders. His statue still stands there.] 1. A fine linen cloth made in Flanders and Picardy, of three different kinds or thicknesses; cambric.-2. An East India goods of similar quality. Batler (bat'ler), n. See BATLET. Batlet (bat'let), n. [Dim. of bat.] A small bat or square piece of wood with a handle for beating linen when taken out of the buck. Called also Batler, Battril. I remember the kissing of her batlet, and the cow's dugs that her pretty chopt hands had milked. Shak. Batman (bat'man), n. An oriental weight. In Bokhara it is equal to 291 lbs.; in Turkey the great batman is about 1574 lbs., the lesser only a fourth of the greater; at Aleppo and Smyrna the batman weighs but 17 lbs.; in Persia 134 lbs. Batman (bat man, bạ’man), n. (Fr. bát, a pack-saddle. See BAT, a pack-saddle.] A person allowed by the government to every company of a regiment on foreign service. His duty is to take charge of the cooking utensils, &c., of the company. There is in the charge of the batman a bat-horse for each company to convey the cooking utensils from place to place. Bat-money, Baw-money (bat/mun-ni, bạmun-ni), n. Money paid to a batman. Batolite (bat'o-lit), n. [Fr. baton, a staff, and Gr. lithos, a stone.] A genus of straight, cylindrical, bivalve fossil shells, allied to the hippurites. Some are of great length, and form masses of rock in the high Alps. Baton (bat'on), n. [Fr. bâton, O. Fr. baston. See BASTE, BASTILE.] 1. A staff or club; a truncheon, the official badge of various officials of widely different rank; thus we have the baton of a field-marshal, of a constable or policeman, and of a conductor of music. 'He held the baton of command.' Prescott. When I went home I made myself a baton, and went about the fields conducting an orchestra. Dickens. 2. In music, a rest of four semibreves.-3. In her. same as Baston, 3. Batoon † (ba-ton'), n. A club or truncheon. Although his shoulders with batoon Be claw'd and cudgell'd to some tune. Hudibras. Bat-printing (bat'print-ing), n. The mode of printing pottery adopted when the printing is done on the glazed ware. For this mode of printing a fine-lined engraving is executed on copper, after which the lines of the engraving are filled with pure linseedoil, which is taken off by a sheet of a flexible 232 preparation of glue, by means of which it is applied to the surface of the ware. Finelyground colour is dusted on, and the vessel is then ready to be fired in the enamel kiln. See PRESS-PRINTING. Batrachia (ba-trā'ki-a), n. pl. [Gr. batrachos, a frog.] The fourth order in Cuvier's arrangement of the class Reptilia. It comprises frogs, toads, newts, salamanders, and sirens, and is equivalent to the class Amphibia (which see). It is now usually restricted to the order Anura, or amphibians which lose the tail when they reach maturity. The Batrachia when young undergo metamorphosis and breathe only by gills. When adults they breathe by lungs, or, as in the case of the axolotl, siren, aud proteus, by both lungs and gills. They are oviparous, and deposit eggs covered only by a soft membrane. Batrachian (ba-trā'ki-an), a. [Gr. batrachos, a frog.] 1. In zool. pertaining to the order Batrachia.-2. In bot. applied to the aquatic species of the genus Ranunculus, which have been placed in a special genus (Batrachium) by some authors. Batrachian (ba-trā'ki-an), n. An animal of the order Batrachia. Batrachite (bat'ra-kit), n. [Gr. batrachos, a frog.] 1. A fossil or stone in colour resembling a frog; toadstone.-2. A variety of the mineral chrysolite, composed of silicates of lime and magnesia, in colour resembling the frog, and found in the mountains of Southern Tyrol. See OLIVIN. Batrachoid (bat'ra-koid), a. Having the form of a frog; pertaining to the Batrachia. Batracholite (ba-trak'ō-lit), n. [Gr. batrachos, a frog, and lithos, a stone.] The name given to fossil remains of animals of the frog kind, found in the tertiary formations. In the newer tertiary strata near Oeningen, on the Rhine, several species of frogs, toads, and newts have been discovered. Batrachomyomachy (bat-ra-kom'i-om"aki), n. [Gr. batrachos, a frog, mus, a mouse, and mache, a battle.] A battle between the frogs and mice, the name of a kind of parody on the Iliad. Batrachophagous (bat-ra-kof'a-gus),a. [Gr. batrachos, a frog, and phage in, to eat.] Feeding on frogs. Batrachospermeæ (ba-trak'ō-spèr'mē-ē), n. pl. [Gr. batrachos, a frog, and sperma, seed.] A family of fresh-water confervoid algæ, that have articulated stems, with whorls of necklace-like branches, and the spores in chains. Batrachus (bat'ra-kus), n. [Gr. batrachos, a frog.] The frog-fish genus. See FROG FISH. Bat-shell (bat'shel), n. A species of Voluta of a dusky brown colour. Batsman (bats'man), n. The man who wields the bat in the game of cricket; the batter. Batster (bat'ster), n. Same as Batsman. Bat's-wing Burner,n. A form of gas-burner from which there issues a jet supposed to resemble a bat's wing. Batt (bat), n. In hat-making, the material for a felt hat obtained by the operation of bowing, and forming the basis of the skin. Batta (bat'ta), n. [Hind. battah.] 1. Deficiency; discount; allowance.-2. An allowance, in addition to their pay, made to troops serving in the East Indies, when in the field. While in garrison troops are allowed half batta. Battable (bat'a-bl), a. [See BATFUL, BATTEN] Fattening; serviceable as pasture. Masinissa made many inward parts of Barbary and Numidia in Africk (before his time, incult and horrid) fruitful and battable by this means. Burton. Battailant (bat'tāl-ant), n. [Fr. bataillant, from batailler, to combat. See BATTLE.] A combatant. Skelton. Battailous (bat'tal-us), a. [0.Fr. bataillous, bate illous. See BATTLE.] Warlike; having the form or appearance of an army arrayed for battle; marshalled, as for an attack. The French came foremost battailous and bold, Fairfax Battaliat (bat-tali-a), n. [It. battaglia, battle. See BATTALION, BATTLE.] 1. A host; an army; a military force. Why, our battalia trebles that account. Shak., Rich. III. v. 3. 11. [This is the reading of the folios; the quarto editions read battalion. 1-2. A division of an army in order of battle. In three battalias does the king dispose May. BATTEN Battalion (ba-tal'yon), n. pl. Battalions (ba-tal'yonz) or Battalia (ba-tal'ya). [Fr. bataillon, It. battaglione (aug. of battaglia, a battle), a main battle, a great squadron. See BATTLE.] 1. An army in battle array. He through the armed files Darts his experienced eye, and soon traverse The whole battalion views. Milton. 2. A division of an army in order of battle. Next morning the king put his army into battalia. Clarendon Specifically-3. A body of infantry, varying from about 300 to 1000 men, and usually forming a division of a regiment. Sometimes, however, a single battalion composes a regiment. Battalioned (bat-tal'yond), a. Formed into battalions. Battelt (bat'tel), n. [See BATTLE.] Battle. Wager of battel, in law, a species of trial for the decision of causes between parties. This species of trial is of high antiquity among the rude military peoples of Europe. It was introduced into England by William the Conqueror, and used in three cases only: in the court-martial, or court of chivalry or honour; in appeals of felony; and in issues joined upon a writ of right. The contest was held before the judges on a piece of ground inclosed, and the combatants were bound to fight till the stars appeared, unless the death or defeat of one party sooner decided the contest. The weapons used were batons or staves an ell long. Women, priests, men above sixty, and lame and blind persons might appear by champions. Though long fallen into desuetude, it was a valid and legal mode of trial in England down to 1818, and was then abolished in consequence of the defendant in a suit having demanded this mode of arbitrament, and its being found that it could not legally be denied him. Battel (bat'tel), n. [O.E. bat, increase, and dal, portion.] 1. An account of the expenses of a student at Oxford.-2. pl. Provisions taken by Oxford students from the buttery; and also the charges thereon. 2. In Eton College, a small allowance of food which, in addition to the college allowance, the collegers receive from their dames. Richardson. Battel (bat'tel), v.i. [In third meaning perhaps a form of batten (which see).] 1. To stand indebted in the college books at Oxford for provisions and drink from the buttery. 2. To reside at the university; to keep terms. 3. To grow fat. Spenser. Battelt (bat'tel), v.t. batten. Battel (bat'tel), a. [Perhaps for batful; in any case connected with batten.] Fertile; fruitful. A battel soil for grain, for pasture good.' Fairfax. To render fertile; to Batteller, Battler (bat'tel-ér, bat'l-ér), n. 1. A student at Oxford indebted in the college books for provisions and drink at the buttery. 2. One who keeps terms or resides at the university. Battement (bat'ment), n. [Fr.] A beating; striking; impulse. Batten (bat'n), v. t. [Icel. batna, to grow better, Goth. gabatnan, to avail, to profit, from root bat, bet in better (which see), O. E. bot, increase, bete, to make better.] 1. To fatten; to make fat; to make plump by plenteous feeding. Battening our flocks with the fresh dews of night." Milton.-2. To fertilize or enrich land. Batten (bat'n), v. i. To grow or become fat; to live in luxury, or to grow fat in ease and luxury. To feed and batten on this moor.' Shak Her savage birds O'er human carcasses do scream and batten. Baillie. Thou battenest by the greasy gleam In haunts of hungry sinners. Tennyson. Batten (bat'n), n. [Fr. bâton, a stick.] 1. A piece of wood from 1 inch to 7 inches broad, and from in. to 24 in. thick. The battens of commerce are 7 in. broad and 2) in. thick; split into two boards each 1 in. thick, they are used for flooring; and split into three, for putting on roofs below slates, The wainscot, and as uprights for lathing. best battens come from Norway.-2. Naut. one of several thin pieces of oak or fir,nailed to the mast-head, and to the midship post of the yard.-Battens of the hatches, scantlings of wood or straitened hoops of casks, applied to confine the edges of the tarpaulings close down to the sides of the hatchways, to prevent the entrance of water in a storm. Tracing battens, pieces of wood BATTEN about 3 inches thick, nailed to the beams of the ship, instead of cleats, to sling the seamen's hammocks to.-3. In weaving, the beam for striking the weft home; a lathe. Batten (bat'n), v.t. To form or fasten with battens. To batten down, to fasten down with battens, as the hatches of a ship during a storm. He had the port-holes of his cabin battened down. Thackeray. Battening (bat'n-ing), n. 1. The operation of fixing battens to walls for nailing laths to. 2. Battens fixed to a wall, to which the laths for plaster are fixed. Batter (bat'tèr), v.t. [Fr. battre, It. battere, to beat, to strike, to batter, from L. L. batere, a form of L. batuere, to beat, whence also battle.] 1. To beat with successive blows; to beat with violence, so as to bruise or dent; to attack as by a battering-ram or heavy ordnance, with the view of shattering or demolishing; to cannonade. Now were the walls beaten with the rams, and many parts thereof shaken and battered. Holland. 2. To wear or impair, as by beating, long service, or the like; as, a battered paveinent; a battered jade. The Tory party, according to those perverted views of Toryism unhappily too long prevalent in this country, was held to be literally defunct, except by a few old battered crones of office. Disraeli. 3. In forging, to spread metal outwardly by hammering on the end. E. H. Knight.4. [From noun batter.] To paste together with batter or other adhesive matter. [Scotch.] Batter (bat'těr), v.i. 1. To make attacks, as by a battering-ram or ordnance. Besiegers break ground at a safe distance, and advance gradually till near enough to batter Abp. Whately. -To batter at, to make attacks upon; to try to overthrow or destroy. Shak. The tyrant has not battered at their peace. 2. To incline from the perpendicular: said of a wall whose face recedes as it rises: opposed to overhang. Retaining and breast walls batter towards the bank. E. H. Knight. Batter (bat'ter), n. [See BATTER, v.t.] 1. A mixture of several ingredients, as flour, eggs, salt, &c., beaten together with some liquor, used in cookery. 2. The leaning back of the upper part of the face of a wall, as in wharf walls and retaining walls to support embankments.-3. A glutinous substance used for producing adhesion; paste. [Scotch.] Batter (bat'ér), n. In cricket, the man who wields the bat; the batsman. (The bowler) bowls a ball almost wide to the off; the batter steps out, and cuts it beautifully to where cover-point is standing. T. Hughes. Batterer (bat'tèr-èr), n. One who batters or beats. 'Batterers or demolishers of stately and elegant buildings.' Jer. Taylor. Battering-gun (bat'têr-ing-gun), n. Milit a cannon of heavy calibre adapted for demolishing defensive works. name. Battering-ram (bat'têr-ing-ram), n. 1. In milit, antiq. an engine used to beat down the walls of besieged places, consisting of a large beam, with a head of iron somewhat resembling the head of a ram, whence its In its simplest form it was carried and forcibly driven against the wall by the hands of the soldiers, but more commonly it was suspended by ropes to a beam which was supported by posts, and balanced so as to swing backward and forward, being in this way impelled against the wall with much more ease and effect. It was also Battering-ram. often mounted on wheels and worked under cover, the assailants being protected by a kind of shed.-2. A heavy blacksmith's hammer, suspended, and worked horizontally. Battering-train (bat'tér-ing-trân), n. Milit a train of heavy ordnance for siege operations. 233 Batter-rule, Battering-rule (bat'tér-röl, bat'ter-ing-röl), n. A plumb-line so contrived that while the plummet hangs vertically, the wall to which it is applied may be sloping or battered. It consists of a plumb-line attached to a triangular frame, one side of which is fixed at the required angle with the line. Battery (bat'tèr-i), n. [Fr. batterie, from battre, to beat. See BATTER.] 1. The act of battering; attack or assault, with the view of beating down, as by battering-ram or ordnance. At one place above the rest, by continual batterie there was such a breach as the towne lay open and naked to the enemic. Holland. 2. The instrument or agency employed in battering or attacking; as, a battery of guns; a battery of abuse. Specifically-3. Milit. a body of cannon for field operations consisting generally of from four to eight guns (in the British service usually six), with complement of waggons, artillerymen, &c. 4. The personnel or complement of officers and men attached to such a battery.-5. In fort. a parapet thrown up to cover the gunners and others employed about them from the enemy's shot, with the guns employed. -Cross batteries, two batteries which play athwart each other, forming an angle upon the object battered.-En-écharpe battery, a battery which plays obliquely on the enemy's lines. Enfilade battery, a battery which scours or sweeps the whole line or length.En-revers battery, one which plays upon the enemy's back.-Floating batteries, batteries erected either on simple rafts, or on the hulls of ships, for the defence of the coast, or for the bombardment of the enemy's ports.-6. In law, the unlawful beating of another. The least degree of violence, or even the touching of another in anger, constitutes a battery.-7. In elect. a number of coated jars placed in such a manner that they may be charged at the same time, and discharged in the same manner. -Galvanic battery, a pile or series of plates of copper and zinc, or of any substances susceptible of galvanic action. See under GALVANIC. Battery-gun (bat'tèr-i-gun), n. gun which can fire a number of shots consecutively or simultaneously without stopping to reload; a gun with several barrels, or with one barrel and several chambers like a revolver pistol, such as the Gatling gun or the mitrailleuse. Milit. a Battil, Battill (bat'til), v.t. [See BATTEL, a. and v.t.] To make fat; to render fertile; to batten. Ashes are marvellous improvements to battil bar. ren land. Ray. Battil, Battill (bat'til), v.i. To become fat. She clasp'd his limbs, by impious labour tired, Vernon. Battle (bat'l), n. [Fr. bataille, a battle, and formerly also, a division of an army, from L. battalia, battualia, the fighting and fencing exercises of soldiers and gladiators; from batuere, to beat, to strike, to fence.] 1. A fight or encounter between enemies or opposing armies; an engagement: usually applied to armies or large bodies of men, but applicable also to a combat between individuals, whether men or inferior animals.-2. A body of forces, or division of an army; a battalion. The king divided his army into three battles, whereof the vanguard only with wings came to fight. Bacon. 3. More specifically, (a) the main or middle body of the army or fleet, as distinguished from the van and rear. Angus led the avant-guard, himself followed with the battle a good distance behind, and after came the arrier. Sir F. Hayward. The centre, or battle as it was called, consisting of sixty-three galleys, was led by John of Austria. Prescott. (b) That portion of the army, wherever placed and of whatever consisting, regarded as of main importance. The cavalry, by way of distinction, was called the battle, and on it alone depended the fate of every action. Robertson. 4. An army prepared for or engaged in fight. Heralds 'twixt two dreadful battles BATTLEMENT set.' Shak.-5.† A formidable array similar to an army in battle order. On his bow-back he hath a battle set Shak. Of bristly pikes, that ever threat his foes. -To give battle, to attack an enemy; to join battle, properly to meet the attack, but perhaps this distinction is not always observed. -A pitched battle, one in which the armies are previously drawn up in form, with a regular disposition of the forces.-A drawn battle, one in which neither party gains the victory. A battle royal, (a) a battle with fists or cudgels, in which more than two are engaged; a mêlée. (b) A fight of gamecocks, in which more than two are engaged. [Provincial.]-Battle, Fight, Combat, Engagement, Conflict. Battle embraces all the movements and manoeuvres in face of the enemy, as well as the actual contact of the soldiery, and implies premeditation. It is the appropriate word for great engagements; as, the battle of Waterloo, Trafalgar. Fight has reference to actual conflict; a man may take part in a battle, and have no share in the fighting. A battle may be made up of many subordinate fights; as, the battle of the Alma, but the fight at the flag-staff, &c. Combat is a word of greater dignity than fight, but agrees with it in denoting close encounter. Engagement supposes distinctly organized bodies engaged in contact with the enemy. Conflict, lit. a clashing together, implies fierce physical encounter. Battle (bat'l), v.i. pret. & pp. battled; ppr. battling. To join in battle; to contend in fight, or any kind of struggle; to struggle; to strive or exert one's self. To meet in arms and battle in the plain.' Prior. 'Who battled for the True, the Just.' Tennyson. Battle (bat'l), v.t. 1. To cover with armed force. Fairfax.-2. To strengthen with battlements; to embattle. Battle-axe (bat'l-aks), n. An axe anciently used as a weapon of war. It was purely offensive. Battle-bolt (bat'l-bōlt), n. A bolt or missile of any kind used in battle. The rushing battle-bolt sang from the three-decker.' Tennyson. Battle-club (bat'l-klub), N. A club used in battle. Battle-clubs from the isles of palm.' Tennyson. The Battled, Batteled (bat'ld), a. 1. Furnished or strengthened with battlements. battled towers.' Tennyson.-2. In her. a term employed when the chief, cheveron, fesse, &c., is (on one side only) borne in the form of the battlements of a castle or fortification. Called also Embattled. Battledore, Battledoor (bat'l-dõr),n. [O. E. batyldoure, a beetle or wooden bat used in washing clothes; comp. Sp. batallador, a fencer, batallar, to fight, to fence.] 1. An instrument of play, with a handle and a flat board or palm, used to strike a ball or shuttlecock; a racket.--2. A child's hornbook: so called from its shape. Battlefield (bat'l-fëld), n. The scene of a battle. Be shot for sixpence on a battlefield.' Tennyson. Battle-flag (bat'l-flag), n. A military flag. And the battle-flags were furled.' Tennyson. Battlement (bat'l-ment), n. [Probably from battle, and term. -ment, meaning literally a structure for battle or fighting; comp O. E. batailing, bataylynge, a battlement (Halliwell), and the verbs battle, embattle, that is, to furnish with battlements. It is doubtful, however, whether there has not been a mixing up of two words here, the other being the O. Fr. bastille, a fortress, bastiller, to fortify, to embattle.] A notched or indented parapet, formed by a series of rising BATTLEMENTED are often pannelled or pierced with circles, trefoils, &c. Battlemented (bat'l-ment-ed), a. Furnished with battlements; strengthened by battlements. The walls of Babylon ... so broad that six chariots could well drive together at the top, and so battlemented that they could not fall. Sir T. Herbert. Battle-piece (bat'l-pēs), n. A painting which represents a battle, exhibiting large masses of men in action. Battler, n. See BATTELLER. Battle-song (bat'l-song), n. A song sung on the battlefield; a martial song. 'The chivalrous battle-song that she warbled alone in her joy.' Tennyson. Battle-writhen (bat'l-riTH-en), a. Twisted or distorted by stress of battle. His battlewrithen arms and mighty hands.' Tennyson. Battologist (bat-tol'o-jist), n. [See BATTOLOGY.] One that talks idly; one that needlessly repeats the same thing in speaking or writing. 'A truly dull battologist.' Whitlock. Battologize (bat-tol'o-jiz), v.t. To repeat needlessly the same thing; to iterate. Sir T. Herbert. Battology (bat-tol'o-ji), n. [Gr. battologia, from battos, a stammerer, and logos, discourse.] Idle talk or babbling; a needless repetition of words in speaking. That heedless battology of multiplying words. Milton. Mere surplusage or battology. Prynne. Batton (bat'n), n. Same as Batten. See BATLET. Spenser. Battril (bat'ril), n. Battue (bat-tü), n. [Fr., from battre, to beat.] 1. A method of killing game by having persons to beat a wood, copse, or other cover, with loud cries, and so drive the animals forwards toward a number of sportsmen stationed to shoot them.-2. The game turned out by the beaters. Batty (bat'i), a. [From bat, an animal.] Belonging to or resembling a bat. 'Batty wings. Shak. Batz (bäts), n. [G., a bear.] A small copper coin with a mixture of silver, bearing the image of a bear, formerly current in some parts of Germany and Switzerland, value 1d. Baubee, n. See BAWBEE. Bauble (ba'bl), n. [O.E. babil, babulle, babel, &c., O. Fr. babole, baboulet, Fr. babiole, a toy or baby-thing; from same Celtic root as babe.] 1. A short stick with a fool's head, frequently ornamented with asses' ears fantastically carved on it, anciently carried by the fools attached to great houses. It the frequently had at other end a flapper with which they used to affect to belabour people. Fool's Bauble. 234 composed of silk interwoven with threads of gold. Baudelaire † (bad'e-lar), n. [Probably from L.L. balteus, a belt; comp. baudricke, baldrick.] A knife or dagger carried in the girdle. Bauderie, Baudrie, tn. Bawdry. Chaucer. Baudricke, Bauldricke,t (bad'rik, bald' rik), n. [See BALDRICK.] A baldrick. Spenser. Baudrons (bad'rönz), n. [Perhaps connected with bawd, a hare.] Puss; a cat. [Scotch.] Bauge (baj), n. [After Bauge, a town in Maine-et-Loire, France, where it was manufactured.] A drugget fabricated of thread spun thick, and of coarse wool. Bauhinia (ba-hin'i-a), n. [Named in honour of John and Caspar Bauhin, botanists of the sixteenth century, because the leaves generally consist of two lobes or parts, which were thought symbolic of the two brothers.] A genus of plants, nat. order Leguminosa. The species are usually twining plants, found in the woods of hot countries, and often stretching from tree to tree like living cables. Many of the species are showy and interesting. The dried leaves and young buds of B. tomentosa are prescribed in India for dysentery. The bark of B. variegata is used in tanning; that of B. racemosa in making ropes; and the old wood of the former species is a kind of ebony. Bauk (bak), n. Scotch form of Balk (which see). Bauld (bald), a. Bold. Ferguson the bauld and slie. Burns. [Scotch.] A round-bottomed Baulea (ba le-a), n. passenger-boat used on the shallower parts of the Ganges, having a mast and sail, but generally propelled by oars. Baulite (bal'it), n. [After Baula, a mountain in Iceland.] A white transparent mineral, in very thin splinters, found in the matter ejected by Krabla, in Iceland. It is a variety of glassy felspar, and melts before the blowpipe into a clear glass. Baulk (bak), n. Same as Balk (which see). A clay found at Baux, Bauxite (bos'īt), n. near Arles. It contains about one-third of its weight of alumina, with silica, iron, and water. The aluminium is extracted at Newcastle by a complicated process which does not remove the iron and silicon Bavarette (bav-a-ret), n. [Fr., dim. of bavette, a bib, from bave, It. bava, the saliva which runs involuntarily from the mouth of an infant.] A bib to put before the bosom of a child. Bavarian (ba-vā'ri-an), n. habitant of Bavaria. Bavarian (ba-vāri-an), a. to Bavaria. A native or in Of or pertaining [Fr. Bavarois, Bavaroy (bav'a-roi), n. Bavarian.] A kind of cloak or surtout. Let the loop'd bavaroy the fop embrace. Gay. Bavian, (ba'vi-an), n. Same as Babian. Bavin (bav'in), n. [Prov. E. bavin, baven, connected by Wedgwood with O. Fr. baffe, a faggot.] A faggot of brushwood; light and combustible wood used for lighting fires. Mounted on a hazel bavin.' Hudibras. The bavin, though it burne bright, is but a blaze. Lyly Bavin (bav'in), a. Resembling bavin. 'Rash, bavin wits, soon kindled and soon burnt.' Shak. Bavin (bav'in), v. t. To make up into faggots. Kid or bavin them, and pitch them upon their ends to preserve them from rotting. Evelyn. Bawbee, Baubee (ba-be), n. [Fr. bas-billon, the worst kind of billon-bas, low, and billon, brass coinage alloyed or rather washed with a little silver. Popularly referred to Sc. babie, an infant, because the coin was said to bear the impress of James VI. when a child; but the name as well as the coin was in existence before his time.] A halfpenny. In the pl. money; cash. [Scotch.] Bawble (ba'bl), n. Same as Bauble. Bawblingt (babl-ing), a. Same as Baubling. Bawcock (ba kok), n. [Either from Fr. beau, fine, beautiful, and cock, or, more probably, from 0. Fr. baud, bold, wanton, and cock.] A fine fellow. How now, my bawcock? Shak. Bawd (bad), n. [Probably from O. E. baude, merry, wanton; O. Fr. baud, bold, wanton (see BAUDE), or from W. baw, filth, bawaidd, filthy.] A procurer or procuress; a person who keeps a house of prostitution, and conducts criminal intrigues: now usually applied only to females. He (Pandarus) is named Troilus' bawd. Skelton. PAY Bawdt (bad), v.i. To provide women for lewd purposes; to act as procuress. Leucippe is agent for the king's lust, and bawds ... for the whole court. Spectator. Bawdt (bad), v.t. Same as Baud. Bawd (bad), n. A hare. [Provincial English and Scotch.] In the extract there is a play on bawd in this sense and bawd in that given above. A bawd, a bawd! so ho!-What hast thou found? No kare, sir, Shak. Bawd-born (bądʼborn), a. Born of a bawd; a bawd from birth. Shak. Bawdily (ba'di-li), adv. In a bawdy manner; obscenely; lewdly. Bawdiness (ba'di-nes), n. Obscenity; lewd The youths' gilt swords were at their thighs, with silver bawdricks bound. Спартая. 2. A cord or thong for the clapper of a bell. Bawdry (bad'ri), n. [See BAWD.] 1. The practice of procuring women for the gratification of lust.-2. Obscenity; filthy, lewd language; smuttiness. It is most certain that barefaced bawdry is the poorest pretence to wit imaginable. Dryden. We 3. Illicit intercourse; fornication. must be married or we must live in bawdry.'" Shak.-4. Bawds collectively. Udall, The office of a Bawdship (bad'ship), n. bawd. Ford. Bawdy (ba'di), a. [From bawd.] Obscene; lewd; indecent; smutty; unchaste. A house of Bawdy-house (ba'di-hous), n. lewdness and prostitution; a house of illfame kept for the resort and unlawful commerce of lewd persons of both sexes. Bawhorse (ba'hors), n. Bathorse (which see). Bawk, Bawlk (bak), n. Balk (which see). Bawl (bal), v.i. [Probably an imitative word; comp. waul, caterwaul, Icel. baula, to low; Sw. böla, A. Sax. bellan, to bark; L. balo, to bleat.] To cry out with a loud full sound; to make vehement or clamorous outeries, as in pain, exultation, demand, and the like; to shout. They bawl for freedom in their senseless mood. Milton. Bawl (bal), v. t. To proclaim by outcry; to shout out. Still must I hear? shall hoarse Fitzgerald bawi Бутом. His creaking couplets in a tavern hall? Bawl (bal), n. A vehement clamour; an outery; as, the children set up a loud bawl. Bawler (bal'ér), n. One who bawls. Bawn (ban), n. [Ir. and Gael. babhun (pron. bawn), an inclosure, a fortress.] 1. Originally an earthwork strengthened with stakes surrounding a castle or house in Ireland; hence, any similar inclosed place, whether designed as a fortification or as an inclosure for cattle.-2. A large house, including all its appurtenances, as offices, court-yard, &c. Swift. [Irish.] Bawn (ban), v.t. [See the noun.] In Ireland, to surround or inclose with a bawn. Bawrelt (ba'rel), n. A kind of hawk. Bawsin, Bawson (ba'sn), n. [O. Fr. bauzan, bauçant, Pr. bausan, It. balzano, marked with white, striped with white: said of animals, especially horses; O. E. and Sc. bawsoned, having a white streak down the face, derived by Diez from It. balza, border, strip of trimming, from L. balteus, a belt.] A badger, from the streaks of white on his face. His mittens were of bawson's skin." Drayton. Bawsin-faced, Bawson-faced (ba'snfast), a. [See BAWSIN.] Having a white spot on the forehead or face, as a horse, cow, &c. Baxter (bak'stér), n. A baker, properly a female baker. [Old English and Scotch. ] See BAKESTER. Baxterian (baks-te'ri-an), a. Pertaining to Richard Baxter, a celebrated English divine; as, the Baxterian scheme of doctrine. Bay (ba), a. [Fr. bai, L. badius, brown, chestnut-coloured; hence bayard, baize | Red or reddish, inclining to a chestnut colour: applied to the colour of horses. The shades of this colour are light bay, dark bay, dappled bay, gilded bay, chestnut bay. Bay (ba), n. [Fr. baie, It. baja, Sp. Pg. bahia, and L. L. baia, a bay. Of doubtful origin, several etymologies being proposed, such as, (1) It. badare, Catalan badar, to open the mouth, to gape, whence badia, a bay, which might become bahia, like Fr. trahir, It. tradire; (2) a Basque word baia, baiya, a BAY harbour (whence Bayonne); (3) the Teutonic stem in G. biegen, Goth. biugan, A. Sax. beogan, E. bow, to bend.] 1. A recess in the shore of a sea or lake, differing from a creek in not being so long and narrow; the expanse of water between two capes or headlands; a gulf.-2. An anchorage or roadstead for ships; a port; a harbour. A bay or rode for ships. Cotgrave. Port le Blanc, a bay in Brittany.' Shak. Shak. Go to the bay and disembark my coffers. 3. A pond-head or a pond formed by a dam for the purpose of driving mill-wheels.4. A principal compartment or division in the architectural arrangement of a building, marked either by the buttresses or pilasters on the walls, by the disposition of the main ribs of the vaulting of the interior, by the main arches and pillars, the principals of the roof, or by any other leading features that separate it into corresponding portions. Oxford Glossary. [The analogy that originated this use of the word was probably suggested by the resemblance of buttresses or the other divisional features mentioned, to the capes that mark off a bay in the sea.] In this sense, or a somewhat more extended one, the word has a great many specific significations; as, (a) in arch. the part of a window included between the mullions; a day; a light. (b) In bridge-building, the portion between two piers. (c) In carp. a portion of a compound or framed floor included between two girders, or between a girder and the wall-A bay of joists, the joists between two binding-joists, or between two girders in a framed floor.-A bay of roofing, the small rafters and their supporting purlins between two principal rafters. (d) In mining, the space between two frames in a gallery. (e) Naut. that part of a ship on each side between decks which lies between the bitts; the foremost messing-place between decks in a ship-of-war.-Sick bay, a portion of the fore-part of the main-deck reserved for the sick and wounded. (f) In plastering, the space between two screeds. See SCREED. Bay (ba), n. A kind of mahogany obtained from Campeachy Bay. Bay (ba), n. [Fr. baie, L. bacca, a berry.] 1. A berry, especially of the laurel-tree. 'The bays or berries that it beareth.' Holland. 2. The laurel-tree, noble laurel, or sweet bay (Laurus nobilis). (See LAUREL.) The term bay is given also to a number of trees and shrubs more or less resembling the L. nobilis. I have seen the wicked in great power, and spreading himself like a green bay tree. Ps. xxxvii. 353. An honorary garland or crown bestowed as a prize for victory or excellence, anciently made or consisting of branches of the laurel; hence, fame or renown due to achievement or merit: in this sense used chiefly in the plural. I play'd to please myself, on rustick reed, Nor sought for bay, the learned shepherd's meed. W. Browne. Beneath his reign shall Eusden wear the bays. Pope Bay (ba), n. [Probably a short form of O. Fr. abai, abbai, a barking, whence abbayer, to bark; Mod. Fr. aboi, a barking, aux abois, at bay, when the stag reduced to extremities turns and faces the dogs that stand barking in front of him; either from L. baubari, to bark, and prefix a, ab, for L. ad, to, or as Wedgwood thinks from ba, a syllable naturally representing the sound made in opening the mouth, whence Fr. bayer, to gape, or stand gaping; It. badare, to stand gazing, stare a bada, to stand watching.] 1. The bark of a dog; especially, a deep-toned bark.2. The state of being so hard pressed by enemies as to be compelled to turn round and face them from impossibility of escape; thus, a stag is at bay when he stands facing the dogs. Nor flight was left, nor hopes to force his way; Emboldened by despair, he stood at bay. Dryden. 3. The state of being kept off by the bold attitude of an opponent; the state of being prevented by an enemy, or by any kind of resistance, from making further advance. We have now, for ten years together, turned the whole force and expense of the war where the enemy was best able to hold us at bay. Swift. Bay (ba), v. i. [0. Fr. abbayer, Mod. Fr. aboyer, The hounds at nearer distance hoarsely bayed. 2. To drive or pursue so as to compel to stand at bay; to chase or hunt. They bayed the bear with hounds of Sparta.' Shak.3. To express by barking. 'Tis sweet to hear the watch-dog's honest bark Bay deep-mouthed welcome as we draw near home. Byron. Baya (ba'ya), n. [Hind.] The weaver-bird (Ploceus philippinus), a very interesting East Indian passerine bird, somewhat like our bullfinch, remarkable for its extremely curious nest. This resembles a bottle, and is suspended from the branch of a tree, so that neither apes, serpents, nor even squirrels can reach it. The entrance, moreover, is from beneath, and there are two chambers, one for the male, the other for the female. The baya is easily tamed, and will fetch and carry at command. Bayadeer, Bayadere (ba-ya-der'), n. [Pg. bailadeira, from bailar, to dance.] In the East Indies, a regular dancing girl; a prostitute. Bayal (ba'al), n. A fine kind of cotton. Sim monds. Bayamo (ba-ya'mo), n. A violent blast of wind accompanied by vivid lightning blowing from the land on the south coast of Cuba, and especially from the Bight of Ba yamo. The second branch of a stag's antler; the bez-antler. See ANTLER. Bay-antler (ba'ant-lér), n. Bayard (ba'ard), n. [O.Fr. bayart, bayard, a bay-horse-bay, and suffix -ard (which see). Many examples of the use of this word seem to contain a reference to a particular horse of this name celebrated in the romances of chivalry.] A bay-horse; also, a horse generally. Blind bayard moves Philips. Who so bold as blind bayard.' Proverbial saying. Bayard (ba'ard), n. [O. Fr. bayarde, a gaper, from bayer, to gape.] A man that gapes or gazes earnestly at a thing; an unmannerly beholder; a stupid, doltish fellow; a clown. the mill.' This he presumes to do, being a bayard, who never had the soul to know what conversing means, but as his provender and the familiarity of his kitchen schooled his conceptions. Milton. Bayardly + (bä'ärd-li), a. [See BAYARD, one that gapes.] Blind; stupid. A blind credulity, a bayardly confidence, or an imperious insolence.' Jer. Taylor. Bayberry (babe-ri), n. In bot. (a) the fruit of the bay-tree or Laurus nobilis. (b) The fruit of Myrica cerifera. (c) The plant Myrica cerifera (wax-myrtle).- Bayberry tallow, a substance obtained from the bayberry or wax-myrtle. Called also Myrtle wax. Bay-bolt (ba'bōlt), n. A bolt with a barbed shank. E. H. Knight. Bayet (ba), v.t. [See BATHE.] To bathe. He feeds upon the cooling shade, and bayes His sweatie forehead on the breathing wynd. Spenser. Bayed (bad), a. Having bays, as a building. The large-bayed barn." Drayton. Bayonet (ba'on-et), n. [Fr. baionnette, O. Fr. bayonnette, It. baionetta, Sp. bayoneta, usually derived from Bayonne in France, be 2 1 1, Common Bayonet. 2, Sword Bayonet. cause bayonets are said to have been first made there. The word occurs as early as 1571 at least, but it seems to have been originally applied to weapons very different from the modern bayonet. Cotgrave, under the word Bayonnette, describes it as 'a kinde of small flat pocket dagger, furnished with knives; or a great knife to hang at the girdle, like a dagger;' he also gives the word bayonnier, which he says is the same as arbalestier. The latter word suggests bayonne, as the weapon used by the bayonnier, of which bayonnette would be a diminutive. Probably the derivation from the town of Bayonne is erroneous.] 1. A short triangular sword or dagger,formerly with a handle fitted BAY-WINDOW to the bore of a gun, where it was inserted for use after the soldier had fired; but now made with an iron handle and ring, which go over the muzzle of the piece, so that the soldier fires with his bayonet fixed.-2. In mach. a pin which plays in and out of holes made to receive it, and which thus serves to connect and disconnect parts of the machinery. See BAYONET-CLUTCH. Bayonet (ba'on-et), v. t. To stab with a bayonet; to compel or drive by the bayonet. You send troops to sabre and bayonet us into submission. Burke. In Bayonet-clutch (ba'on-et-kluch), n. mach. a form of clutch armed usually with two prongs a a, which, in gear, act on the ends or 'lugs' of a friction-strap b, fitted on a side-boss of the wheel to be driven, and which is loose on the same shaft. The clutch is attached to the shaft by a feather-key, and when drawn back or out of gear with the strap the wheel remains at rest, and the clutch continues to revolve with the shaft. When it is required to set the machinery again in motion, the clutch is thrown forward by the fork c, and its prongs, engaging with the strap, gradually put the wheel in motion. Bayonet-joint (ba'on-et-joint), n. A form of coupling resembling the mode of attachment adopted for fixing a bayonet on a musket. Bayonet-clutch. Bayou (bi-ö'), n. [Fr. boyau, a gut, a long narrow passage.] In Southern States of N. America, the outlet of a lake; a channel for water. Longfellow. Under the shore his boat was tied, And all her listless crew Watched the gray alligator slide Into the still bayou. Bay-rum (ba'rum), n. A spirit obtained by distilling the leaves of the bay-tree. Bays, Bayzet (bāz), n. Same as Baize. Bay-salt (ba'salt), n. A general term for coarse-grained salt, but properly applied to salt obtained by spontaneous or natural evaporation of sea-water in large shallow tanks or bays. Page. Bay-stall (ba'stal), n. In arch. the stall in the bay of a window; a window-seat. Bayt (bat), n. and v. Same as Bait (which see). Spenser. Bay-tree (ba'tre), n. The laurel-tree (Laurus nobilis); also, in America, a name for the Magnolia glauca. Bay-window (ba'win-do), n. In arch. pro Bay-window (interior), Ockwells, Berks. perly, a window forming a recess or bay in a room, projecting outwards, and rising from the ground or basement on a plan rectangular, semi-octagonal, or semi-hexagonal, but always straight-sided. The term is, however, also often employed to designate a bow-window, which more properly forms the segment of a circle, and an oriel-window, which is supported on a kind of bracket, and is usually on the first-floor. |