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ACCOMMODATE

Suit

Accommodate (ak-kom'mo-dat), a. able; fit; adapted. Means accommodate to the end. Sir R. L'Estrange. Accommodately (ak-kom'mo-dat-li), adv. Suitably; fitly.

Of all these Moses... held fit to give an account accommodately to the capacity of the people. Dr. H. More. Accommodateness (ak-kom'mō-dat-nes), Fitness. 'Aptness and accommodateness to the great purpose of men's salvation Hallywell.

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Accommodating (ak-kom'mo-dat-ing), a. Obliging; yielding to the desires of others; disposed to comply and to oblige another; as, an accommodating man; an accommodating disposition.

Accommodation (ak-kom'mo-da"shon), n. [L. accommodatio, accommodationis. See ACCOMMODATE] 1 The act of accommodating; as, (a) adjustment; adaptation; especially, the adaptation or application of one thing to another by analogy, as the words of a prophecy to a subsequent event.

Many of these quotations were probably intended as nothing more than accommodations. Paley.

(b) Adjustment of differences; reconciliation, as of parties in dispute. To come to terms of accommodation.' Macaulay. (c) Provision of conveniences; the act of supplying a want.

St. James's Church had recently been opened for the accommodation of the inhabitants of this new quarter. Macaulay.

2. The state of being accommodated; fitness; state of adaptation: followed by to, sometimes by with.

The organization of the body with accommodation to its functions. Hale.

Socinus' main design. was to bring all the mysteries of Christianity to a full accommodation with the general notion of man's reason. South. 3. Anything which supplies a want, as in respect of ease, refreshment, and the like; anything furnished for use; a convenience: chiefly applied to lodgings; as, accommodation for man and beast.

A volume of Shakspere in each pocket, a small bundle with a thange of linen slung across his shoulders, an oaken cudgel in his hand, complete our pedestrian's accommodations.

Sir W. Scott.

4. Specifically, in com. a loan of money, either directly, or by becoming security for the repayment of a sum advanced by another, as by a banker.-Accommodation bill or note, a bill or note of exchange drawn and accepted to raise money on, and not given like a genuine bill of exchange in payment of a debt, but merely intended to accommodate the drawer: colloquially called a wind bill and a kite.-Accommodation ladder (naut), a light ladder hung over the side of a ship at the gangway to facilitate ascending from,

or descending to, boats. Accommodation lands. lands bought by a builder or speculator who erects houses thereon, and then leases portions thereof upon an improved groundrent. Accommodation works, works which a rail

way company is Accommodation Ladder. required by 8 and

9 Vict. xx. to make and maintain for the accommodation of the owners and occupiers of land adjoining the railway, as gates, bridges, culverts, fences, &c. Accommodative (ak-kom'mō-dat-iv), a. Furnishing accommodation. Accommodator (ak-kom'mo-dat-ér), n. One who accommodates or adjusts. Accomodet (ak-kom-od'), v.t. To accommodate.

Accompanablet (ak-kum'pan-a-bl), a. [See ACCOMPANY.] Sociable. Sir P. Sidney. Accompanier (ak-kum 'pa-ni-ér), n. One who accompanies.

Accompaniment (ak-kum'pa-ni-ment), n. [Fr. accompagnement. See ACCOMPANY.] Something that attends as a circumstance, or which is added by way of ornament to the principal thing, or for the sake of symmetry. Specifically, (a) in music, the subordinate part or parts performed by instruments accompanying a voice, or several

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voices, or a principal instrument; also, the harmony of a figured base, or thorough base. -Accompaniment of the scale, the harmony assigned to the series of notes forming the diatonic scale, ascending and descending. (b) In painting, an object accessory to the principal object, and serving for its ornament or illustration. (c) In her. anything added to a shield by way of ornament, as the belt, mantling, supporters, &c.; also, a secondary bearing, as a saltier, bend, fess, &c., about a principal one.

Accompanist (ak-kum'pan-ist), n. The performer in music who plays the accompani

ment.

Accompany (ak-kum'pa-ni), v. t. pret. & pp. accompanied; ppr. accompanying. [Fr. accompagner, to accompany ac for ad, to, and compagnon, a companion. See CoмPANION.] 1. To go with or attend as a companion or associate on a journey, walk, &c.; as, a man accompanies his friend to church, or on a tour.-2. To live along with, as a companion; to act as companion to; to companion.

Harry, I do not only marvel where thou spendest thy time, but also how thou art accompanied Shak. They are never alone that are accompanied with noble thoughts. Sir P. Sidney.

3. To exist along with; to go together; to be associated or connected with: said of things; as, pain accompanies disease.

There is reason to believe that different diseases can so accompany each other as to be united in the same individual. Buckle.

4. To cohabit with.

The phasma, having assumed a bodily shape, or other false representation, accompanies her, at least as she imagines. Sir T. Herbert.

SYN. To attend, escort, wait on, go with. Accompany (ak-kum'pa-ni), v. i. 1. To be a companion or associate; as, to accompany with others.-2. To cohabit. [Rare or obsolete.]

The king

loved her, and accompanied with Milton. her only, till he married Elfrida.

3. In music, to perform the accompanying part in a composition. Accomplice (ak-kom'plis), n. [Prefix ac for ad, to, and the older E. complice, Fr. complice, L. complex, complicis, confederate, participant-con, with, and plico, to fold, plica, a fold, a stem which appears also in E. comply, ply, double, triple, &c. See PLY, &c.] 1. A partner or co-operator: without any bad sense.

Success unto our valiant general,
And happiness to his accomplices!

Shak.

2. An associate in a crime; a partner or partaker in guilt. It is followed by with before a person, and in or of before the crime; as, A was an accomplice with B in the murder of C. Thou the cursed accomplice of his treason. Johnson. Dryden uses it with to before a thing.

Childless Arturius, vastly rich before,
Thus by his losses multiplies his store,
Suspected for accomplice to the fire,

That burnt his palace but to build it higher.

Dryden.

SYN. Abetter, accessory, assistant, associate, confederate, coadjutor. Accompliceship (ak-kom'plis ship),n. State of being an accomplice. [Rare.] Accomplicity (ak-kom-plis'i-ti), n. The state of being an accomplice. Quart. Rev. [Rare.] Accomplish (ak-kom'plish), v. t. [Fr. accomplir, to finish-prefix ac for ad, to, and L. compleo, to complete. See COMPLETE.] 1. To complete; to finish entirely; to reach the end of.

That he would accomplish seventy years in the desolation of Jerusalem. Dan. ix. 2.

2. To make complete by making actual; to execute; to carry out; to fulfil or bring to pass; as, to accomplish a vow, promise, purpose, or prophecy.

me.

Thus will I accomplish my fury upon them. Ezek. vi. 12. This that is written must yet be accomplished in Luke xxii. 37. Hence-3. To gain; to obtain as the result of successful exertions; to achieve. To accomplish twenty golden crowns.' Shak.. 4. To make complete by furnishing what is wanting; as, (a)t to equip; to provide. "The armourers accomplishing the knights.' Shak. It (the moon) is fully accomplished for all those ends to which Providence did appoint it. Bp. Wilkins. (b) To equip or furnish with certain accomplishments or attainments: hardly used ex

ACCORD

cept in the past participle.-SYN. To perform, fulfil, realize, effect, effectuate, obtain, complete, execute, achieve, perfect, equip, furnish.

Accomplishable (ak-kom'plish-a-bl), a. Capable of accomplishment.

Accomplished (ak-kom'plisht), p. and a. 1. Completed; effected; as, an accomplished fact.-2. Perfected; finished; consummate: used either in a good or bad sense; as, an accomplished scholar; an accomplished villain. 3. Possessing accomplishments; having the attainments and graces of cultivated or fashionable society. An accomplished and beautiful young lady.' Thackeray. Accomplisher (ak-kom'plish-ér), n. One who accomplishes.

Accomplishing (ak-kom'plish-ing), n. 1. The act of accomplishing.-2. The thing accomplished. [Rare.]

I shall simply enumerate, as ends, all that a university should accomplish, although these accomplishings may, strictly considered, often partake more of the character of means. Sir W. Hamilton. Accomplishment (ak-kom'plish-ment), n. 1. The act of accomplishing or carrying into effect; fulfilment; as, the accomplishment of a prophecy; the accomplishment of our desires or ends.-2. Acquirement; attainment; especially such as belongs to cultivated or fashionable society.

I was then young enough, and silly enough, to think gaming was one of their accomplishments. Chesterfield.

Yet wanting the accomplishment of verse. Wordsworth. SYN. Completion, fulfilment, perfection, performance, acquirement, embellishment, ornament, qualification.

Accompt (ak-kount'), n. An account. See ACCOMPTANT.

Accomptablet (ak-kount' a-bl), a. countable.

Ac

I do not stand accomptable to reason. Beau. & Fl. Accomptant (ak-kount'ant), n. A reckoner; a computer; an accountant. [Accompt and accomptant are obsolete or nearly so (account, accountant, being now generally written), though they may still be used in the formal or legal style.

Accompting-dayt (ak-kount'ing-da), n. Day of reckoning.

Accoraget (ak-kur'āj), v. t. Same as Accourage. Spenser.

Accord (ak-kord'), n. [Fr. accord, agreement-prefix ac for ad, to, and L. cor, cordis, the heart, formed like L. concors, discors, E. concord, discord.] 1. Agreement; harmony of minds; consent or concurrence of opinions or wills; assent. With full accord to our demands.' Shak.

These all continued with one accord in prayer and supplication. Acts i. 14

2. The union of different sounds which is agreeable to the ear; concord; harmony. Those sweet accords are even the angels' lays. Sir F. Davies. 3. Agreement; just correspondence of things; harmony; as, the accord of light and shade in painting.

Beauty is nothing else but a just accord and mutual harmony of the members, animated by a healthful constitution. Dryden.

4. Will; voluntary or spontaneous impulse or act; unaided action or operation: used both of persons and things, and preceded by own.

Being more forward, of his own accord he went unto you. 2 Cor. viii. 17. All animal substances exposed to the air turn alkaline of their own accord. Arbuthnot.

5. Adjustment of a difference; reconciliation; as, the mediator of an accord.

If both are satisfied with this accord, Swear by the laws of knighthood on my sword. Dryden. Specifically, in law, an agreement between parties for the settlement of some controversy, and which, when executed, bars or terminates a suit.

Accord (ak-kord'), v.t. 1. To make to agree or correspond; to adapt, as one thing to another. [Rare.]

Her hands accorded the lute's music to the voice.
Sidney.

2. To bring to an agreement; to settle, adjust, or compose; to reconcile; as, to accord controversies. When they were accorded from the fray.' Spenser.

All which particulars, being confessedly knotty and difficult, can never be accorded but by a competent stock of critical learning. South.

3. To grant; to give; to concede; as, to accord to one due praise.

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Accordant (ak-kord'ant), a. Corresponding; consonant; agreeable; of the same mind. 'If he found her accordant.' Shak. Accordantly (ak-kord'ant-li), adv. cordance or agreement. Accorder (ak-kord ́ér), n. One that aids or favours. Cotgrave. [Rare.] According (ak-kord'ing), p. and a. 1. Agreeing; harmonious.

Th' according music of a well-mixt state. Pope. 2. Suitable; agreeable; in accordance: followed by to.

Our zeal should be according to knowledge. Sprat. Often applied to persons, but referring really to their statements or opinions. According to him every person was to be bought. Macaulay. -According as, agreeably, conformably, or proportionately as.

A man may, with prudence and a good conscience, approve of the professed principles of one party more than the other, according as he thinks they best promote the good of church and state. Swift. Accordingly (ak-kord'ing-li), adv. Agreeably; suitably; in a manner conformable; consequently; as, those who live in faith and good works will be rewarded accordingly. -Accordingly, Consequently, Then, Therefore, Wherefore. See under THEREFORE. Accordion (ak-kord'i-on), n. [From accord.] A small keyed wind-instrument, whose tones are generated by the play of wind upon metallic reeds, constructed on the same principle as the concertina and the harmonium, but much inferior. Accordionist (ak-kord'i-on-ist), n. A player on the accordion.

Accorporatet (ak-kor'pō-rāt), v.t. [L. accorporo, accorporatum, to join to-ac for ad, to, and corpus, corporis, the body.] To incorporate; to unite.

Custom being but a mere face, as echo is a mere voice, rests not in her unaccomplishment, until by secret inclination she accorporate herself with error. Milton. Accorporation † (ak-kor'pō-rā"shon), n. Incorporation.

Accost (ak-kost'), v.t. [Fr. accoster, L. L. accostare-ac for ad, to, and L. costa (Fr. côte), a rib, a side. See COAST.] 1. To come side by side, or face to face; to draw near; to approach; to make up to.

Accost, Sir Andrew, accost-what's that? Accost is, front her, board her, woo her, assail her. Shak. [In this extract the object of the verb is suppressed.]-2. To speak to; to address.

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Howell.

Lapland hath since been often surrounded (so much as accosts the sea) by the English. Fuller. Accost (ak-kost), v.i. To adjoin. The shores which to the sea accoste.' Spenser. Accostable (ak-kost'a-bl), a. Capable of being accosted; easy of access; familiar. The French are a free, debonnair, accostable people. Accosted (ak-kost'ed), a. In her. a term used when charges are placed on each side of another charge; as, a pale accosted by six mullets. It is also applied to two beasts walking or running side by side. Accoucheur (ak-kö-shèr), n. [Fr., a manmidwife-ac for ad, and coucher, to lie or lay down, and this through O. Fr. colcher, from L. collocare, to place, lay. See COUCH.] A man-midwife; a medical practitioner who attends women in childbirth. Accoucheuse (ak-kö-shėz), n. [Fr.] A midwife.

Account (ak-kount'), n. [O.E. accompt-ac for ad, and O. Fr. compte, a calculation, from L. computo, to sum up, reckon. The modern Fr. conte, conter, present the same change of m into n as our own word.] 1. A reckon

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ing, enumeration, or computation; method of computing; as, the Julian account of time.

That only to stand high in your account
I might in virtues, beauties, livings, friends,
Exceed account,

Shak. 2. A list of debts and credits, or charges; a statement in a book or on a piece of paper of things bought or sold, of payments, services, &c., including the names of the parties to the transaction, date, and price or value of the thing; also, the document itself on which the items are stated and summed up; as, he tore the account in pieces; and metaphorically, the sum total set down; as, the account is larger than I expected.-3. Narrative; relation; statement of facts; recital of particular transactions and events, verbal or written; as, an account of the revolution in France. 4. A statement in general of reasons, causes, grounds, &c., explanatory of some event; as, no satisfactory account has yet been given of these phenomena.-5. An explanatory statement or vindication of one's conduct, such as is given to a superior.

Give an account of thy stewardship. Luke xvi. 2. 6. Reason or consideration; ground; as, on all accounts; on every account.-7. High estimation; esteem; distinction; dignity; consequence or importance. 'Men of account. Pope.-8. Profit; advantage; that is, a result or production worthy of estimation; as, to find our account in a pursuit; to turn to account.-9. Regard; behalf; sake; as, all this trouble I have incurred on your account.-10. In stock-broking, the operations on the stock-exchange performed during the period before the fortnightly settling-day. To go on the account, a phrase formerly used of one who joined a piratical expedition; to turn pirate: probably from the parties sharing as in a commercial venture.

I hope it is no new thing for gentlemen of fortune who are going on the account, to change a captain now and then. Sir W. Scott.

-To make account, to form an expectation; to judge; to reckon. This other part... makes account to find no slender arguments for this assertion out of those very Scriptures which are commonly urged against it. Milton.

They made no account but that the navy should be absolutely master of the seas. Bacon.

To make account of, to hold in estimation or esteem; to value: generally with an adjective of quantity, as much, little, no, &c.; as, he makes no account of difficulties. What is the son of man that thou makest account of hiin. Ps. cxliv. 3. -Writ of account, in law, a writ which the plaintiff brings demanding that the defendant should render his just account, or show good cause to the contrary. Called also an Action of Account. To open an account, to enter it for the first time in a ledger or other book-Account current, a running account, and the statement of the mercantile transactions of one person with another, drawn out in the form of debtor and creditor, and in the order of their dates. --Account sales, a separate account rendered to the merchant by his broker, showing the goods sold, the prices obtained, and the net result after deduction of all necessary expenses; also, a similar account rendered by the merchant to the consigner of goods, showing the net proceeds of each consignment, after deduction of freight, commission, &c.—Account, Narrative, Recital. Account is a statement of the details of an event or series of connected events, which the speaker need not have witnessed or been engaged in. He may have drawn his information from hearsay, from books, newspapers, or the like. Narrative is a continuous story of consecutive incidents, dependent upon each other for meaning and value, and generally with which the narrator has been personally connected. Recital is a statement of a series of events, and usually implies that the events peculiarly interest or affect the feelings of the reciter.

A connected and probable account can be given only by comparing the evidence. Bancroft.

Cynthia was much pleased with my narrative. Johnson.

Old men fall easily into recitals of past transactions. Johnson.

SYN. Narrative, narration, relation, recital, explanation, computation, reckoning, sake, end, reason, advantage, consideration, value, importance.

ACCOURAGE

Account (ak-kount), v. t. 1. To deem, judge, consider, think, or hold in opinion.

The opinion of more worlds than one has in ancient Wilkins. times been accounted a heresy.

Eat and be glad, for I account you mine.

2. To reckon or compute.

Tennyson. 'The motion of

the sun whereby years are accounted.' Sir T. Browne.-3. To assign as a debt; to set to the credit of; as, a project accounted to his service.-4. To give an account, reason, or explanation of; to account for; to explain. 'A way of accounting the solidity of ice.' Glanville. Account (ak-kount'), v. i. 1. To render an account or relation of particulars; to answer in a responsible character: followed by with or to before a person, for before a thing; as, an officer must account with or to the treasurer for money received.

To this diet all public functionaries must account for their administration. Brougham.

2. To give reasons; to assign the causes; to explain: with for; as, idleness accounts for poverty.-3. † To reckon. 'Calendar months

by which months we still account.' Holder. -To account of (with qualifying words), to hold in esteem; to value.

It (silver) was nothing accounted of in the days of Solomon. 1 Ki. x. 21. Account (ak-kount), a. Accounted; reckoned. 'Was with long use account no sin." Shak. [In older editions this is printed account'd.] Accountability (ak-kount'a-bil"i-ti), n. The state of being accountable or liable; liability to the payment of money or of damages; responsibility for a trust; liability to give account and to receive reward or punishment for actions. "The awful idea of accountability. R. Hall. Accountable (ak-kount'a-bl), a. 1. Liable to pay or make good in case of loss; responsible for a trust; liable to be called to account; answerable to a superior; as, a sheriff is accountable as bailiff and receiver of goods; every man is accountable to God for his conduct.-2. Of which an account can be given; that can be accounted for: in this use opposed to unaccountable. [Rare.] -Accountable receipt, a written acknowledgment of the receipt of money or goods to be accounted for by the receiver. It differs from an ordinary receipt or acquittance in that the latter imports merely that money has been paid.-SYN. Amenable, answerable, responsible. Accountableness (ak-kount'a-bl-nes), n. The state of being accountable; accountability.

Accountably (ak-kount'a-bli), adv. In an accountable manner.

Accountant (ak-kount'ant), n. One skilled in or who keeps accounts; one who makes the keeping or examination of accounts his profession; an officer in a public office who has charge of the accounts. Accountant (ak-kount'ant), a. Accountable; responsible.

Shak.

His offence is so as it appears, Accountant to the law upon that pain. Accountant-general (ak-kount'ant-jen'èral), n. The principal or responsible accountant in a public office or in a mercantile or banking house or company, as in the offices of excise and customs, Bank of England, &c.; formerly also an officer in chancery who received all monies lodged in court and deposited the same in the Bank of England. Accountantship (ak-kount'ant-ship), n. The office or employment of an accountant. Account-book (ak-kount'byk), n. A book in which accounts are kept. Account - day (ak-kount'dā), n. A halfmonthly settling day on the Stock Exchange, when differences are adjusted between stockholders and stockbrokers.

Accouplet (ak-ku'pl), v. t. [Fr. accoupler, to couple-Lad, to, and copulo, to join. See COUPLE.] To join or link together; to unite. The Englishmen accoupled themselves with the Frenchmen.

Hai!

Accouplement (ak-ku'pl-ment), n. 1. The act of accoupling or connecting in pairs; junction; also, the act of copulating. [Rare] The son, born of such an accouplement, shall be most untoward. Trial of Men's W ́its. 2. That which serves to connect; specifically, in carp. a tie or brace. Accourage † (ak-ku'rij), v.t. [0. Fr. accou rager. See COURAGE.] To encourage. But he endeavoured with speaches milde Her to recomfort, and accourage bold.

Spenser.

ACCOURT

Accourt (ak-kört'), v.t. [From prefix ac or ud, to, and court. See COURT, n.] To entertain with courtesy. Accourting each her friend with lavish feast." Spenser. Accoustrements, † n. pl. Same as Accoutre

nents.

Accouter (ak-kö'tér), v.t. To accoutre (which see).

Accouterments (ak-kö tér-ments), n. pl. Accoutrements (which see).

Accoutre (ak-ko'tèr), v.t. pret & pp. accou

tred; ppr. accoutring. [Fr. accoutrer, O. Fr. accoustrer, to equip-prefix ac for ad, to, and Fr. couture, O. Fr. cousture, It. costura, a seam, sewing, needlework, from L. consutura, a stitching together, and this from con, together, and suo, sutum, to sew.] To dress; to equip or furnish; specifically, to array in a military dress; to put on, or to furnish with a military dress and arms; to equip for military service.

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When we survey the bare outworks of this our globe, when we see so vast a body accoutred with so noble a furniture of air, light, and gravity what else can be concluded but that all was made with manifest design? Der ham.

Accoutrements (ak-kö'ter-ments), n. pl. Dress; equipage; trappings; specifically, military dress and arms; equipage for military service. 'How gay with all the accoutrements of war!' Philips. Accoy† (ak-koi'), v.t. [O.Fr. accoyer, to quiet-L. ad, and quietus, quiet. See Cor.] 1. To render quiet; to soothe; to caress. With kind words accoyd, vowing great love to me. Spenser.

2. To dishearten or subdue; to daunt. Then is your carelesse corage accoied. Spenser. Accoyl (ak-koil'), v.i. [0. Fr. accoillir (Mod. Fr. accueillir), to gather togetherac for ad, to, and coillir (L. colligere), to collect. See COIL] To gather together; to crowd

About the caudron many cookes accoyld. Spenser. Accredit (ak-kred'it), v.t. [Fr. accréditer, to give authority or credit to, to accreditLad, to, and credo, creditum, to trust. See CREED. To repose confidence in; to trust; to esteem or have a high opinion of. 'Their most considerable and accredited ministers. Burke.

His party will .. protect and accredit him, in spite of conduct the most contradictory to their own principles Sir W. Scott.

2 To confer credit or authority on; to stamp with authority.

Being moved as well by these reasons as by many other which I could tell you, which accredit and fortifie mine opinion. Shelton.

I am better pleased indeed that he censures some things than I should have been with unmixed commendation; for his censure will... accredit his praises. Cowper.

Hence, specifically-3. To send with credentials, as an envoy.

They returned to court with no further pretension to power or influence than an ambassador in our days when he returns from the country to which he is au redited. F. White.

4 To believe; to put credit in.

He accredited and repeated stories of apparitions, and witchcraft, and possession, so silly, as well as monstrous, that they might have nauseated the coarsest appetite for wonder. Southey.

Accreditation (ak-kred'it-a"shon), n. The act of accrediting, or state of being accredited.

Accresce (ak-kres'), v. i. [L. accresco, accretum, to increase, to grow to-ad, to, and cresco, to grow, increase.] To accrue (which see). Accrescence (ak-kres'sens), n. Act of increasing: gradual growth or increase; accretion.

The silent accrescence of belief from the unwatched depositions of a general, never contradicted hearsay. Coleridge.

Accrescent (ak-kres'sent), a. [L. accrescens, accrescentis, ppr. of accresco. See ACCRESCE] Increasing; growing; specifically, in bot. applied to the parts of the calyx or corolla which grow larger after flowering.

Accrete (ak-krēt'), vi. [See ACCRESCE.] 1. To grow by accretion; to gather additions from without [Rare.-2. To be added to; to accrue. [Rare]

The House (of Commons), representing every class, would be stronger, more dignified, better fitted to exercise that vast, that almost excessive power, as sovereign venate, which is day by day accreting to it more rapidly. Spectator newspaper. Accrete (ak-krét), a. In bot. grown together. Accretion (ak-kre/shon), n. [L. accretio, accretionis, increase, from accresco, accrefum See ACCRESCE.] 1. The act of accreting

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or accrescing; a growing to; an increase by natural growth; an addition; specifically, an increase by an accession of parts externally.

A mineral or unorganized body can undergo no change save by the operation of mechanical or chemical forces; and any increase of its bulk is due to the addition of like particles to its exterior: it augments not by growth but by accretion. Owen.

2. In med. the growing together of parts naturally separate, as the fingers or toes.— 3. The thing added; an accession: commonly used in the plural, and restricted to those accessions made slowly and gradually by

some external force.

As careful peasants with incessant toil,
Bring earth to vines in bare and rocky soil,
So those accretions to the mind will bring,
Whence fond regard and just esteem will spring.
Crabbe.

4. In law, the adhering of property to something else, by which the owner of one thing becomes possessed of a right to another: generally applied to the increase which sometimes takes place on land situated on the bank of a river or the sea. When the accretion is by small and imperceptible degrees it belongs to the owner of the land immediately behind, but if it is sudden and considerable it belongs to the crown. In Scots law, the term is applied to the rendering any right, originally defective or imperfect, complete, by some posterior act on the part of him from whom the right is derived. Thus, where one not infeft conveys land, giving a precept of infeftment which is acted on, the subsequent infeftment of the seller renders valid the prior infeftment of the purchaser.

Accretive (ak-krēt′iv), a. Of or pertaining to accretion; increasing by growth; growing; adding to by growth. The accretive motion of plants. Glanville.

Accriminate † (ak-krim'in-at), v.t. [L. ad, to, and criminor, criminatus, to accuse of crime, from crimen, a crime.] To charge with a crime.

Accrimination (ak - krimʼin-a "shon), n. Accusation. [Rare.] Accroach † (ak-krōch'), v.i. [Fr. accrocher, to fix on a hook, from croc, crochet, a hook, from a root both Teutonic and Celtic See CROOK.] 1. To hook, or draw to one's self, as with a hook. 2. In old laws, to assume the exercise of royal prerogatives. Accroachment † (ak-krōch'ment), n. Act of accroaching; an attempt to assume the royal prerogative; an encroachment. Accrue (ak-krö), v.i. pret. & pp. accrued; ppr. accruing. [Fr. accrue, n. increase, accrú, pp. of accroitre, to increase; O. Fr. accroistre, acrestre, accresser; Pr. acreisser, from L. accrescere, to increase, from ac for ad, to, and cresco, to grow, seen also in crescent, decrease, increase.] 1. To grow; to increase; to augment.

And though power failed, her courage did accrue. Spenser.

2. To be added, as increase, profit, or damage; to be gained or obtained; to proceed or spring; as, a profit accrues to government from the coinage of copper; a loss accrues from the coinage of gold and silver.-Accruing costs, in law, expenses incurred after judgment.

Accruet (ak-krö), n. Something that accedes to or follows the property of another. Accrued (ak-kröd'), a. In her. full-grown: a term sometimes applied to trees. Accrument (ak-kro'ment), n. That which accrues; addition; increase. Jer. Taylor. [Rare.]

Accubation (ak-kū-bā'shon), n. [L. accubatio, accubationis, a reclining, from accubo, to recline-ad, to, and cubo, to lie down, from root cub or cumb, as in accumb, succumb, recumbent, &c.] A lying or reclining on a couch, as practised by the ancients at meals, the parties placing themselves with the head resting on a pillow or on the elbow, and the feet of one extended behind the back of another. "Which gesture... cannot be avoided in the laws of accubation.' Sir T. Browne. Accumb† (ak-kumb'), v.i. [L. accumbo, to lie down-ad, to, and cumbo, a nasalized form of cubo, to lie down. See ACCUBATION.] To recline, as at table. Bailey. Accumbency (ak-kum'ben-si), n. State of being accumbent or reclining. Accumbent (ak-kum'bent), a. [L. accumbens, ppr. of accumbo, from cubo. See AcCUBATION.] 1. Leaning or reclining, as the ancients at their meals.

The Roman recumbent, or more properly accum bent posture in eating was introduced after the first Punic war. Arbuthnot.

ACCURATELY

2. In bot. lying against anything: used in opposition to incumbent, or lying upon something; as, accumbent cotyledons. Accumbent (ak-kum'bent), n. One who reclines, as at meals; one placed at a dinner-table.

Accumbent Ovule (Thlaspi arvense).

A penance must be done by every accumbent in sitting out the passage through all these dishes. Bp. Hall. Accumbing + (ak-kum'bing), a. Fitted or intended for accubation. 'Accumbing places.' Sir T. Browne.

Accumulate (ak-kū'mū-lāt), v. t. pret. & pp. accumulated; ppr. accumulating. [L. accumulo, accumulatum, to heap up-ad, to, and cumulus, a heap. See CUMULATE.] To heap up; to pile; to amass; to collect or bring together; as, to accumulate earth or stones; to accumulate causes of misery; to accumulate wealth.

In the seventeenth century a statesman who was at the head of affairs might easily, and without giving scandal, accumulate in no long time an estate amply sufficient to support a dukedoni. Macaulay.

SYN. To collect, pile up, amass, gather, aggregate, heap together. Accumulate (ak-kü'mú-lāt), v.i. To grow to a great size, number, or quantity; to increase greatly; as, public evils accumulate. Ill fares the land, to hastening ills a prey, Where wealth accumulates, and men decay. Goldsmith. Accumulatet (ak-kü'mu-lāt), a. Collected into a mass or quantity; increased; intensifiled. 'A more accumulate degree of felicity.' South. Accumulation (ak-kú'mü-lā"shon), n. 1. The act of accumulating; the state of being accumulated; an amassing; a collecting together.

It is essential to the idea of wealth to be susceptible of accumulation; things which cannot, after being produced, be kept for Some time before being used are never, I think, regarded as wealth. F. S. Mil. Specifically, in law, the concurrence of several titles to the same thing, or of several circumstances to the same proof.-2. That which is accumulated; as, a great accumulation of sand at the mouth of a river.-Accumulation of degrees, in universities, the taking of several degrees together, or at smaller intervals than usual, or than is generally allowed by the rules.-Accumulation of power, a term applied to that amount of force or capacity for motion which exists in some machines at the end of intervals of time, during which the velocity of the moving body has been constantly accelerated. Accumulative (ak-kü'mū-lāt-iv), a. Causing accumulation; accumulating; heaping

up.

Accumulatively (ak-kū'mü-lāt-iv-li), adv. In an accumulative manner; in heaps. Accumulator (ak-kü'mü-lat-ér), n. One who or that which accumulates, gathers, or amasses; specifically, in mech. an indiarubber spring, either simple or compound, which accumulates lifting force and can be applied to many useful purposes in ships, machines, workshops, &c.

Accuracy (ak'ku-ra-si), n. [From accurate.] The condition or quality of being accurate; extreme precision or exactness; exact conformity to truth, or to a rule or model; freedom from mistake; nicety; correctness; as, the value of testimony depends on its accuracy; copies of legal instruments should be taken with accuracy.

Quickness of imagination is seen in the invention, fertility in the fancy, and accuracy in the expression. Dryden.

SYN. Exactness, correctness, exactitude, nicety, precision, carefulness. Accurate (ak'ku-rat), a. [L. accuratus, prepared with care-ac for ad, to, and cura, care. See CURE.] 1. Characterized by extreme care; hence, in exact conformity to truth, or to a standard or rule, or to a model; free from failure, error, or defect; exact; as, an accurate account; accurate measure; an accurate expression; an accurate calculator or observer. 2.† Determinate; precisely fixed.

Those conceive the celestial bodies have more ac curate influences upon those things below. Bacon. SYN. Correct, precise, exact, nice, just, careful.

Accurately (ak'kū-rāt-li), adv. In an accurate manner; with precision; without error or defect; exactly; as, a writing accurately copied.

ACCURATENESS

Accurateness (ak'ku-rat-nes), n. The state or quality of being accurate; accuracy; exactness; nicety; precision.

Accurse (ak-kers), v.t. [Prefix ac for ad, or A. Sax. a, intens., and curse, A. Sax. cursian, to curse.] To imprecate misery or evil upon; to call down curses on; to curse. [Now hardly used except in the past participle.]

Hildebrand accursed and cast down from his throne Henry IV. Sir W. Raleigh. Accursed, Accurst (ak-kérst' or ak-kérs'ed, ak-kérst'), p. and a. 1. Doomed to destruction, misery, or evil of any kind; lying under a curse; blasted; ruined.

John vi. 17. Tennyson.

The city shall be accursed. Thro' you my life will be accurst. 2. Worthy of curses or execrations; detestable; execrable; cursed. 'Deeds accursed.' Collins.

Accusable (ak-kuz'a-bl), a. Liable to be accused or censured; chargeable with a crime; blamable; as, accusable of a crime.

Nature's improvision were justly accusable, if animals, so subject unto diseases from bilious causes, should want a proper conveyance for choler. Sir T. Browne.

Accusant (ak-kuz'ant), n. One who accuses. The accusant must hold him to the proof of the charge. Bp. Hall. Accusation (ak-ku-za'shon), n. 1. The act of charging with a crime or offence; the act of accusing of any wrong or injustice. 2. That of which one is accused; a charge brought against one; the declaration containing the charge; as, the accusation was murder. They set over his head his accusation. Mat. xxvii. 37. SYN. Charge, impeachment, arraignment, indictment, crimination. Accusative (ak-küz'at-iv), a. [L. accusativus, accusative case. Varro calls it casus accusandi.] 1.† Producing accusations; accusatory.

This hath been a very accusative age. Sir E. Dering 2. In gram. a term applied originally to the fourth case of Greek and Latin nouns, pronouns, &c., being that in which the action of a verb terminates or on which it falls. Corresponding to objective in English gram

mar.

Accusative (ak-kuz'at-iv), n. The fourth case of nouns and other declinable words in

Latin, Greek, &c., corresponding to the ob

jective in English.

Accusatively (ak-küz'at-iv-li), adv. 1. In an accusative manner; by way of accusation.-2. In gram. in the position or relation of an accusative case. Accusatorial (ak-kuz'a-tö"ri-al), a. Accusatory.

Accusatorially (ak-kuz'a-to"ri-al-li), adv. By way of accusation.

Accusatory (ak-kuz'a-to-ri), a. Accusing; containing an accusation; as, an accusatory libel.

Accuse (ak-küz), v.t. pret. & pp. accused; ppr. accusing. [L. accuso, to call to account, blame, indict-ad, to, and causa, cause, process. See CAUSE.] 1. To charge with, or declare to have committed a crime either by plaint or complaint, information, indictment, or impeachment; to charge with an offence against the laws, judicially or by a public process; as, to accuse one of a high crime or misdemeanour.-2. To charge with a fault; to blame; to censure.

Their thoughts in the meanwhile accusing or else excusing one another. Rom. ii. 15. Accuse not nature; she hath done her part. Milton. Followed by of before the subject of accusation, formerly sometimes by for.

The professors are accused of the ill practices. Addison. Never send up the leg of a fowl at supper while there is a cat or dog in the house that can be accused for running away with it. Swift.

-Accuse, Charge, Indict, Arraign, Impeach. Of these words charge is the most general, and may be used in making any sort of imputation against a person, whether formally or informally, publicly or privately, and even in imputing special errors or defects to things. Thus Stillingfleet speaks of persons charging the Scripture with obscurity and imperfection.' Accuse commonly, though not invariably, expresses something more formal than charge, and is seldom used of things. Indict is a purely legal term, meaning to make a written accusation against in legal form. Arraign is properly to bring to answer for wrong-doing before a court of justice; impeach, to bring to an

24

swer for wrong-doing before one or other of the branches of the legislature; and when either of these words is used in the general sense of to accuse, it is intended to convey the idea of peculiar dignity, impressiveness, or solemnity.

Accuset (ak-küz'), n. Accusation.

York, by false accuse, doth level at my life. Shak. Accused (ak-küzd'), pp. used as a noun. One charged with a crime; a panel; as, the accused was seen to enter the house. It has the same form in the plural; as, the accused are charged with conspiring. Accusementt (ak-kuz'ment), n. Accusation. 'By forced accusements were condemned.' Holinshed.

Accuser (ak-küz'èr), n. One who accuses or blames; specifically, in law, an officer who prefers an accusation against a person for some offence, in the name of the government, before a tribunal that has cognizance of the offence.

Accustom (ak-kus'tum), v.t. [Fr. accoutumer, O.Fr. accoustumer, to accustom-ac for ad, to, and coustume, custom. See CUSTOM.] To familiarize by use or habit; to habituate or inure; as, to accustom one's self to a spare diet; time may accustom one to almost anything. SYN. To habituate, inure, exercise, train, familiarize. Accustomt (ak-kus'tum), v. i. 1. To be wont or habituated to do anything.

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A boat, over-freighted, sunk, and all drowned, saving one woman, in her first popping up again, which most living things accustom, got hold of the boat. Carew. 2. To cohabit.

Much better do we Britons fulfil the work of nature than you Romans; we, with the best men, accustom openly, you, with the basest, commit private adultery. Milton. Accustomt (ak-kus'tum), n. Custom. Individual accustom of life.' Milton. Accustomablet (ak-kus'tum-a-bl), a. Of long custom; habitual; customary. 'Accustomable residence.' Sir M. Hale. Accustomably t (ak-kus'tum-a-bli), adv. According to custom or habit; habitually. 'King's fines accustomably paid.' Bacon. Accustomancet (ak-kus'tum-ans), n. tom; habitual use or practice. Through accustomance and negligence.' Boyle. Accustomarily (ak-kus'tum-a-ri-li), adv. According to custom or common practice. [Rare.]

ary.

Cus

Accustomary (ak-kus'tum-a-ri), a. Usual; customary. Usual and accustomary swearing.' Dr. Featley. [Rare.] Accustomatet (ak-kus'to-mat), a. CustomCard. Bainbridge. [Rare.] Accustomed (ak-kus'tumd), a. 1. Often practised; customary; habitual; as, in their accustomed manner. 'It is an accustomed action.' Shak.-2.† Frequented. 'The first public-house having been a well-accustomed inn.' Rev. R. Graves.-3. Often occupied; familiar by frequent occupancy. My old accustomed corner here is, The table still is in the nook; Ah! vanished many a busy year is This well-known chair since last I took. Thackeray. Accustomedness (ak-kus'tumd-nes), n. Familiarity. 'Accustomedness to sin hardens the heart.' Bp. Pearce. [Rare.] Ace (as), n. [Fr. as, ace at dice or cards; L. as, a unit, a pound, a foot, &c.; Doric Gr. as, ais; Attic Gr. heis, for hens, one. Allied to L. unus, E. one.] 1. A unit; specifically, a single pip on a card or die, or the card or face of a die so marked.-2. A very small quantity; a particle; an atom; a trifle; as, a creditor will not abate an ace of his demand. 'I'll not wag an ace farther.' Dryden. Aceldama (a-sel'da-ma), n. [Properly Hakaldema, lit. field of blood.] 1. A field said to have lain south of Jerusalem, the same as the potter's field, purchased with the bribe which Judas took for betraying his master, and therefore called the field of blood. It was appropriated to the interment of strangers.-2. Used figuratively of any place stained by slaughter.

ma.

The system of warfare . . . which had already converted immense tracts into one universal AceldaDe Quincey. Acentric (a-sen'trik), a. [Prefix a, neg., and centre.] Not centric; away from a centre. -Aceous (a'shus). [L. -aceus.] An adjectival termination of Latin origin denoting likeness, partaking of the qualities of, or consisting of; as, farinaceous, consisting of or like meal; saponaceous, resembling soap; argillaceous, consisting of clay, clayey. Acephala (a-sef'a-la), n. pl. [Gr. akephalos, neut. pl. akephala, headless-a, priv., and

ACERACEA

kephale, head; Skr. kapala, skull.] A division of molluscous animals, like the oyster and scallop, corresponding to what in modern classifications are known as the Lamellibranchiata (which see). Acephalan, Acephal (a-sef'a-lan, as'ef-al), n. One of the Acephala.

Acephali (a-sef'a-li), n. pl. [Gr. a, and kephale, a head.] 1. Eccles. (a) an Egyptian sect of the fifth century, who renounced communion with the Patriarch of Alexandria. (b) Clergy and monks unattached, not living under episcopal jurisdiction, and bishops exempt from patriarchal jurisdiction. (c) A council of the Roman communion summoned without the authority of the pope. 2. A class of levellers in the reign of Henry I. who would acknowledge no head or superior.-3. A fabulous nation in Africa

the Blemmyes-reported by ancient writers to have no heads. Acephalist + (a-sef'al-ist), n. One who acknowledges no head or superior; in a special sense, one of the Acephali.

These acephalists, who will endure no head but that upon their own shoulders. Bp. Gauden. Acephalite (a-sef'al-it), n. One of the Acephali in any of the senses of that word. Acephalocyst (a-sef' al-o-sist), n. [Gr. a, priv., kephale, head, and kystis, bag.] A hydatid, or round or oval sac, filled with fluid, often occurring in hundreds in the viscera of animals, especially in the liver. They were formerly regarded as parasitic animals or Entozoa, but more probably they are merely morbid, dropsical cells. Some think that they are the cysts of Echinococci, from which the animals have disappeared. Acephalous (a-sef'al-us),a. [Gr. a, priv., and kephale, a head.] 1. Without a head; headless; applied (a) in zool. to animals not having any head. See ACEPHALA. (b) In bot. to ovaries, the style of which springs from their base instead of their apex. (c) In anat. to a fetus having no head. (d) In pros. to a line of poetry wanting its first syllable. 2. Wanting something essential. A false or acephalous structure of sentence.' De Quincey.-3. Without a leader or chief. Acephalus (a-sef'al-us), n. 1. An obsolete name of the Tania or tape-worm.-2. In anat. a monster without a head.-3. In pros. a verse defective in the beginning. The single spot on Ace-point (as'point), n. a card or die; also, the side of a die that has but one spot.

Acer (a'sér), n. [L. acer, the maple-tree.] A genus of plants belonging to the nat, order Aceracea or Sapindaceae, and composed of the maples. They are cultivated for their ornamental appearance, and because they yield good timber. A. campestre is the common maple of English hedges, A. pseudoplatanus the sycamore maple or Scotch plane, A. saccharinum the sugar-maple. Moose-wood is obtained from A. striatum, an American species. See MAPLE and SYCA

MORE.

Acera (as'èr-a), n. pl. [Gr. a, without, and keras, a horn.] 1. A family of apterous insects without antennæ.-2. A family of gasteropod molluscous animals, without tentacles, akin to the Aplysiæ, comprehending the genus Bulla. Called also Acero. Aceracea (a-ser-a'sē-ē), n. pl. A nat. order of

C

Aceraces-Common Maple (Acer campestre).

a, Flower. b. Pistil (ovary, style, and stigma) c. Double winged fruit or samara. d, Section of fruit (single carpel with inclosed seed).

ACERÆ

plants, comprehending the maples, and belonging to the thalamifloral division of dicotyledonous plants. There are about fifty species, belonging to three genera; they are all trees or shrubs, and inhabit the temperate parts of Europe and Asia, the north of India, and North America. They yield a sweet mucilaginous sap, from which sugar is often made. The bark is astringent, and yields yellow and reddish dyes. See ACER and MAPLE.

Aceræ (as'ér-é) Same as Acera, 2. Aceran (as'ér-an), n. One of the Acera. Aceras (as'èr-as), n. [Gr. prefix a, without, and keras, a horn.] A genus of plants, nat. order Orchidaceae, differing from Orchis in being without a spur. A. anthropophora, man-orchis, is a British plant. See MAN

ORCHIS.

Acerb (a-serb), a. [L. acerbus, unripe, harsh, sour, tart, from acer, sharp. Root ac, ak, a sharp point. See ACID.] Sour, bitter, and harsh to the taste; sour, with astringency or roughness: a quality of unripe fruits. Quincy

Acerbate (a-serb'at), v. t. To make sour, bitter, or harsh to the taste. Bailey. [Rare.] Acerbitude (a-serb'it-úd), n. Sourness; acerbity. Bailey. [Rare.]

Acerbity (a-serb'it-i), n. 1. Sourness, with roughness or astringency of taste.-2. Poignancy or severity. Acerbity of pain.' Bar

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Talents for criticism, namely, smartness, quick censure, vivacity of remark, indeed all but acerbity, seem rather the gifts of youth than of old age.

Pope. Aceric (a-ser'ik), a. [L. acer, a maple-tree.] Pertaining to the maple; obtained from the maple.-Aceric acid, an acid found in the juice of the Acer campestre or common maple.

Acerina (as-er-i'na), n. A genus of acanthopterygious fishes, family Percidæ or perches. The ruffe or pope (A. cernua), common in many English rivers, is a type of the genus. Acerous, Acerose (as'èr-us, as'èr-ōz), a. [L. acerosus, chaffy, from acus, aceris, chaff. The second meaning comes rather from acus, a needle ] In bot. (a) chaffy; resembling chaff. (b) Narrow and slender, with

Acerose Leaves-Juniper.

a sharp point; as, an acerous or acerose leaf, which is one like that of the pine or common juniper

Acertained (a-sér tand), a. [0. Fr. acertainer, acertener. See ASCERTAIN and CERTAIN.] Made certain; confirmed in opinion. Acerval (a-serv'al), a. Pertaining to a heap. (Rare)

Acervate (a-serv'at), v. t. [L. acervo, to heap up, from acervus, a heap.] To heap up. [Rare.]

Acervate (a-servât), a. In bot. heaped, or growing in heaps, or in closely-compacted clusters

Acervation (as-ér-va'shon), n. The act of heaping together. Johnson.

Acervoset (a-serv'õs), a. Full of heaps. Bailey

Acescence (a-ses'ens), n. Acescency. Acescency (a-ses'en-si), n. The act or process of becoming acescent; the process of becoming sour, tart, or acid; the state or quality of being moderately sour; sourness. Nurses should never give suck after fasting; the mik having an acescency very prejudicial to the ..recipient. W. Jones. Acescent (a-ses'ent), a. [L. acescens, turning sour, from acesco, incept. of aceo, to be sour. See ACID.] Turning sour; becoming tart or acid by spontaneous decomposi

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Acetabulifera (as-e-tab'u-lif"èr-a), n. pl. [L. acetabulum, a sucker, and fero, to bear.] A section or order of cephalopodous molluscs, with rows of little cups or suckers on their arms or tentacles. Same as Dibranchiata.

Acetabuliferous (as-e-tab'u-lif"èr-us), a. Pertaining to the Acetabulifera; having rows of cup-like suckers, like the cuttle-fish. Dana.

Acetabuliform (as'ê-ta-bu"li-form), a. In bot. cup-shaped. Gray. Acetabulum (as-e-tab'u-lum), n. [L., from acetum, vinegar. See ACID.] 1. In Rom. antiq. a vessel in which sauce was served to table, and not unlike our vinegar cruets; also, a measure about one-eighth of a pint. 2. In compar. anat. (a) the cavity of a bone for receiving the protuberant end of another bone, the two together forming the articulation called enarthrosis; especially the cavity of the os innominatum, which receives the head of the thigh-bone. (b) A term applied to the cotyledons or lobes of the placenta of ruminating animals. (c) In insects, the socket of the trunk in which the leg is inserted. (d) The cup-like sucker with which the arms of the cuttle-fish and other molluscs are provided.-3. In bot. (a) the cup or saucer-like fructification of many lichens. (b) The receptacle of certain fungi.-4. In music, a very ancient kind of kettle-drum.

Acetal (a-se'tal), n. (CeH1402.) A colourless, mobile liquid, with an agreeable odour, produced by the imperfect oxidation of alcohol, under the influence of platinum black, Slow combustion converts it into acetic acid. Acetamide (a-set'a-mid), n. (N H2CHO.) A white crystalline solid, produced by distilling ammonium acetate, or by heating ethyl acetate with strong aqueous ammonia. It acts both as a base and an acid, combining on the one hand with hydrochloric acid, and on the other forming salts by the replacement of one of its hydrogen atoms by metals.

Acetarious (as-e-ta'ri-us), a. A term applied to plants containing acetary; more appropriately to plants used in making salads; such as lettuce, mustard and cress, endive, &c.

Acetary (as'ê-ta-ri), n. [L. acetaria, herbs eaten raw with vinegar and oil, from acetum, vinegar. See ACID.] An acid pulpy substance in certain fruits, as the pear. Acetate (as'e-tat), n. A salt formed by the union of acetic acid with a base. Acetated (as'ê-tat-ed), a. Combined with acetic acid.

Acetic (a-set'ik), a. [L. acetum, vinegar.] Having the properties of vinegar; sour.Acetic acid (C2H4O2), an acid prepared by the oxidation of alcohol (acetous fermentation), the dry distillation of wood (in which case it is called pyroligneous acid), by decomposing an acetate, &c. It has a peculiar sharp smell and strong acid taste. It exists in vinegar in a dilute and impure form. In its pure state it is, at ordinary winter temperatures, a crystalline solid, and is known as glacial or crystalline acetic acid. Acetic ethers, compounds consisting of acetates of alcohol radicals. Common acetic ether is a colourless, apple-flavoured, volatile fluid, and is a flavouring constituent in many wines. It is made artificially by distilling a mixture of alcohol, oil of vitriol, and acetate of potash. Acetification (a-set'i-fi-ka"shon), n. The act of acetifying or making acetous or sour; the process of becoming acetous; the operation of making vinegar.-Chemical acetification, or the conversion of wine, beer, cider, and alcoholic fluids into acetic acid, is now supposed to be due to a minute mycoderma, a special vegetable organized being of the very simplest form, possessed of the power of almost inconceivably rapid development, as well as of fixing the oxygen of the air and transmitting it to the alcohol, thus establishing incomplete combustion. Acetifier (a-set'i-fi-èr), n. An apparatus for hastening the acidification of fermented liquors by exposing a large surface to the air, used in making vinegar. Acetify (a-set'i-fi), v. t. pret. & pp. acetified; ppr. acetifying. [L. acetum, vinegar, and

ACHE

facio, to make.] To convert into acid or vinegar.

Acetify (a-set'i-fi), v.i. To become acid; to be converted into vinegar. Acetimeter, Acetometer (as-et-im'et-ér, as-et-om'et-ér), n. [L. acetum, vinegar, and Gr. metron, measure.] An instrument for ascertaining the strength or purity of acids; an acidimeter.

Acetimetry (as-et-im'et-ri), n. The act or method of ascertaining the strength or purity of acids.

Acetone (as'et-ōn), n. 1. A limpid mobile liquid (CHO), with an agreeable odour and a strong peppermint-like taste, produced by the destructive distillation of acetates.2. The general name for a class of compounds which may be regarded as built up of an acid and alcoholic radical. Acetopathy (as-et-op'a-thi), n. [L. acetum, vinegar, and Gr. pathos, suffering.] A method of treating ailments by applying dilute acetic acid to the surface of the body above the spine and the parts affected. Acetosity (as-et-os'i-ti), n. The state or quality of being acetous or sour; sourness;

tartness.

Acetous, Acetose (a-se'tus, as-et-os), a [L. acetum, vinegar.] 1. Having a sour taste; acid. An acetous spirit.' Boyle.-2. Causing or connected with acetification; as, acetous fermentation. -Acetous fermentation, the process by which alcoholic liquids, as beer or wine, yield acetic acid by oxidation. See under ACETIFICATION.-Acetous acid, a term formerly applied to impure and dilute acetic acid, under the notion that it was composed of carbon and hydrogen in the same proportions as in acetic acid, but with less oxygen. It is now known that no such acid exists, so that this term is not now in

use.

Acetum (a-se'tum), n. [L., from aceo, to be sour. See ACID.] Vinegar (which see). Acetyle (as'e-til), n. (CAO.) A hypotheti cal radical supposed to exist in acetic acid and its derivatives. Aldehyde may be regarded as the hydride, and acetic acid as the hydrate of acetyle.

Ach,t Achet (ach), n. [Fr. ache, from L. apium, parsley, from apis, a bee, bees being fond of parsley.] A kind of parsley. Holland.

Achæan, Achaian (a-ke'an, a-kā'an), n. and

a.

See ACHEAN.

Achatet (a-kät), n. An agate. The christall, jacinth, achate, ruby red.' John Taylor. Achate, n. [Fr. acheter, O. Fr. achater, achapter, to purchase, from L.L. accaptare, to acquire, from L. ac for ad, to, and captare, to snatch at, to strive to get, intens. of capio, to take.] 1. Purchase; contract; bargain. Chaucer.-2. A thing purchased; specifically, in pl. provisions: in this sense written also Acates.

The kitchen clerke, that hight Digestion,

Did order all th' achates in seemly wise. Spenser. Achatina (a-ka-ti'na), n. [L. achates, an agate.] A genus of pulmonate gasteropodous Mollusca, family Helicidæ, which feed on trees and shrubs in warm climates, such as Africa and the West Indies. Agate-snails is a name by which they are popularly known. Some of them have shells which are among the largest of land shells. Two small species, A. acicula and A. octina, are found in England. Achatour,t n. [Norm. Fr., a purchaser. See ACHÁTE, CATERER.] A purchaser; a purveyor; a caterer. Written also Acater. A gentil maunciple was ther of a temple, Of which achatours mighten take exemple For to be wys in beyyng vitaille. Chaucer. Ache (ak), n. [A. Sax. ace, cece, ece, ache, pain; acan, to ache; O.E. ake, ache, hache, eche; conjectured to be from natural cry expressive of pain or grief; comp. G. ach, pain; interj. ach! Dan. ak! ah! Gr. achos, pain.] Pain, or continued pain, in opposition to sudden twinges, or spasmodic pain; a continued gnawing pain as in toothache or earache. Both verb and noun were formerly often pronounced, down at least to the time of Swift, with ch sounded as in church; though the old spelling ake sufficiently shows that the other pronunciation must also have been used. In the following couplet ache is made to rhyme with patch:

Or Gellia wore a velvet mastic patch Upon her temples when no tooth did ache. Bp. Hall. Thus pronounced, the plural of the noun and similar forms of the verb were dissyllabic.

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