ADMIRAL

Admiral of the fleet, an honorary title of distinction conferred on a few admirals, and carrying an increase of pay along with it. -Vice-admiral, (a) an officer next in rank and command to the admiral He carries his flag at the foretop-gallant-mast head. (b) A name also given to certain officers, as the lords-lieutenant of counties, governors of colonies, &c, who have power to hold courts of vice-admiralty.-Rear-admiral, an officer next in rank to the vice-admiral. He carries his flag at the mizzentop-gallantmast head - Lord high admiral, in Great Britain, an officer who (when this rare dignity is conferred) is at the head of the naval administration of Great Britain. There have been few high admirals since 1632, when the office was first put in commission. James Duke of York (afterwards James II.) held it for several years during Charles II.'s reign. In the reign of William and Mary it was vested in lords commissioners of the admiralty, and since that time it has been held for short periods only by Prince George of Denmark in the time of Queen Anne, and by William IV., then Duke of Clarence, in 182728

The lords commissioners of the admiralty were formerly seven, but are now four in number, with the addition of a civil lord; the first lord is always a member of the cabinet, and it is he who principally exercises the powers of the office.-2. The ship which carries the admiral; also, the most considerable ship of any fleet, as of merchantmen or of fishing vessels. [Milton uses the form Ammiral (which see) in this sense.]

The admiral of the Spanish Armada was a Flemish ship. Sir R. Hawkins.

Like some mighty admiral, dark and terrible, bearing down upon his antagonist with all his canvas straming to the wind, and all his thunders roaring from his broadsides. E. Everett,

3. A name given to two species of butterflies: Vanessa atalanta, or red admiral, and Limenitis camilla, or white admiral. Admiral (ad'mi-ral),a. Carrying an admiral; chief in a fleet. ... struck upon a rock. Knolles.

The admiral galley.. Admiral-shell (ad'mi-ral-shel), n. The popular name of a sub-genus of magnificent shells of the genus Voluta. See VOLUTA. Admiralship (ad'mi-ral-ship), n. The office or power of an admiral. [Rare.] Admiralty (ad'mi-ral-ti), n. 1. The office and jurisdiction of the lords commissioners appointed to take the general management of maritime affairs, and of all matters relating to the royal navy, with the government of its various departments.-2. The officers appointed for the administration of naval affairs, a board of naval commissioners. The lords commissioners of the admiralty are now four in number, exclusive of a civil lord. See under ADMIRAL-3. The building in which the lords of the admiralty transact business, and in which the clerks and other officials connected with this department are employed.-Admiralty court, or court of admiralty, a tribunal having jurisdiction over maritime causes, whether of a civil or criminal nature. It was formerly held before the lord high admiral, and was afterwards presided over by his deputy or the deputy of the lords commissioners. It now forms a branch of the Probate, Divorce, and Admiralty division of the High Court of Justice, the judge in it being appointed by the crown as one of the judges of the High Court. The court of admiralty is twofold: the instance court and the prize court. The civil jurisdiction of the instance court extends generally to such contracts as are made upon the sea, and are founded in maritime service or consideration. It also regulates many other points of maritime law- as disputes between part-owners of vessels, and questions relating to salvage. It has likewise power to inquire into certain wrongs or injuries committed on the high seas, as in cases of collision. In criminal matters the court of adiniralty has, partly by common law and partly by a variety of statutes, cognizance of piracy and all other indictable offences committed either upon the sea, or on the coasts when beyond the limits of any English county. The prize court is the only tribunal for deciding what is and what is not lawful prize, and for adjudicating upon all matters, civil and criminal, relating to prize, or every acquisition made by the law of war, which is either itself of a maritime character, or is made, whether at sea or by land, by a naval force. The court of admiralty for Scotland was abolished by

41

1 William IV. lxix., and the cases formerly brought before this court are now prosecuted in the Court of Session or in the sheriff court, in the same way as ordinary civil causes. - Droits of Admiralty. See DROITS.

Admirance (ad-mir'ans), n. Admiration. (She) with great admirance inwardly was moved, And honoured him with all that her behoved. Spenser. Admiration (ad-mi-rā'shon), n. 1. Wonder; astonishment; amazement; surprise.

And I saw the woman drunken with the blood of the saints . . . and when I saw her I wondered with great admiration. Rev. xvii. 6. Dryden.

Your boldness I with admiration see.

2. Wonder mingled with pleasing emotions, as approbation, esteem, love, or veneration; a compound emotion excited by something novel, great, beautiful, or excellent; as, admiration of virtue or goodness, admiration of a beautiful woman or a fine picture.

There is a pleasure in admiration, and this is that which properly causeth admiration, when we discover a great deal in an object which we understand to be excellent. Tillotson.

Admirative (ad'mi-ră-tiv), n.

The point

of exclamation or admiration, marked thus (!).

Admire (ad-mir'), v.t. pret. & pp. admired; ppr. admiring. [L. admiror-ad, and miror, to wonder; Fr. admirer.] 1. To regard with simple wonder, amazement, or surprise; to wonder at.

Neither is it to be admired that Henry, who was a wise as well as a valiant prince, should be pleased to have the greatest wit of those times in his interests. Dryden. M. Alphonse de Beauchamp makes the wall 10 feet without appearing to admire the leap. Southey. 2. To regard with wonder mingled with approbation, esteem, reverence, or affection; to feel admiration for; to take pleasure in the beauty of; to look on or contemplate with pleasure; as, to admire virtue; to admire the works of the Creator; to admire a landscape or a painting; to admire

I admire where a fellow of his low rank should acquire such a nobleness and dignity of sentiment. Henry Brooke. Sometimes with at. 'Admired at his own contrivance.' Ray.

When I ride about in winter and see such prodigious flocks of various kinds of birds I cannot help admiring at these congregations. Gilbert White. 2. To feel or express admiration.

I'll report it,
Where senators shall mingle tears with smiles;
Where great patricians shall attend, and shrug,
I' the end, admire.
Shak.
Admired (ad-mird'), p. and a. Regarded
with wonder; wonderful; admirable.

You have displaced the mirth, broke the good meet-
ing,
With most admir'd disorder.
Shak.

Admirer (ad-mir'êr), n. One who admires; with admiration; one who esteems greatly; colloquially, one who pays court to a woman; one who openly shows his admiration of a woman; a lover.

For fear of Lucia's escape, the mother is... constantly attended by a rival that explains her age, and draws off the eyes of her admirers. Taller. Admiringly (ad-mir'ing-li), adv. In an admiring manner; with admiration; in the manner of an admirer.

Admissibility (ad-mis'i-bil"i-ti), n. The quality of being admissible. Admissible (ad-mis'i-bl), a. [Fr. admissible, L.L. admissibilis, from admitto, admissum, to admit.] That may be admitted, allowed, or conceded; as, the testimony is admissible.

Admissibly (ad-mis'i-bli), adv. In an admissible manner; so as to be admitted. Admission (ad-mi'shon), n. [L. admissioad, to, and mitto, missum, to send. See MISSION.] 1. The act or practice of admitting; the state of being admitted; as, the admission of aliens into a country.-2. Admittance; power or permission to enter; entrance; access; power to approach; as, to grant a person admission.

What numbers groan for sad admission there!
Young.

3. Eccles. (a) in the Church of England, the act of a bishop admitting or allowing a clerk to enter a cure to which he has been pre

ADMONISH

sented. (b) In the Church of Scotland, an act of a presbytery admitting a minister to his church, or, as the law expresses it, collating him to his benefice. 4. The granting of an argument or position not fully proved; a point or statement admitted; allowance; as, this admission lost him the argument.-5. Acknowledgment; confession of a charge, error, or crime; as, he made full admission of his guilt.-Admissions in a suit, in law, those facts or matters necessary to support the case of a plaintiff, or of the defendant, in a suit in equity, the necessity of proving which is removed by the opposite party admitting them. Admissions are either upon the record or by agreement between the parties. SYN. Admittance, access, entrance, concession. Admissory (ad-mis'so-ri), a. Granting admittance; admitting.

Admit (ad-mit'), v.t. pret. & pp. admitted; ppr. admitting. [L. admitto-ad, to, and mitto, to send.] 1. To suffer to enter; to grant entrance to, whether into a place or an office, or into the mind or consideration; as, to admit a student into college; to admit a serious thought into the mind.-2. To give right of entrance to; as, a ticket admits one into a play-house.-3. To grant in argument: to receive as true; as, the argument or fact is admitted.-4. To permit, grant, or allow, or to be capable of; as, the words do not admit such a construction. See ADMIT, v.i. 5. To acknowledge; to own; to confess; as, he admitted his guilt.-SYN. To let in, receive, allow, permit, grant, concede, acknowledge, own, confess.

Admit (ad-mit'), v.i. To give warrant or allowance; to grant opportunity; to permit: with of; as, circumstances do not admit of this; the text does not admit of this interpretation.

Admittable (ad-mit'a-bl), a. Capable of being admitted or allowed.

Admittance (ad-mit'ans), n. 1. The act of admitting. 2. Permission to enter; the power or right of entrance; and hence, actual entrance; as, he gained admittance into the church.-3.† Concession; admission; allowance; as, the admittance of an argument.-4. The custom or privilege of being admitted to the society of the great. Sir John, you are a gentleman of excellent breeding,... of great admittance. Shak.

5. In law, the giving possession of a copyhold estate.

Admittatur (ad-mit-tā'tër), n. [L., let him be admitted.] A certificate of admission, as in some colleges.

Admitter (ad-mit'èr), n. One who or that which admits.

Admittible (ad-mit'i-bl), a. [Rare.]

Admissible.

Admix (ad-miks), v t. To mingle with something else. See MIX.

Admixtion † (ad-miks'chon), n. [L. admixtio or admistio-ad, to, and misceo, mistum, mixtum, to mix. See MIX.] The act of mingling or admixing; a mingling of different substances together.

All metals may be calcined by strong waters, or by admixtion of salt, sulphur, and mercury. Bacon. Admixture (ad-miks'tür), n. 1. The act of mingling or mixing; the state of being mingled together.-2. That which is mingled or formed by mingling; a compound of substances mixed together. Admonish (ad-mon'ish), v. t. [L. admoneoad, and moneo, to teach, warn, admonish; the root is the same as in E. mind, mean. It seems to have taken the term. ish in imitation of other verbs with this ending derived through the French; comp. O. E. amoneste, O. Fr. amonester, to admonish, from L. L. monestum, a form of L. monitum, pp. of moneo.] 1. To warn or notify of a fault; to reprove with mildness.

Count him not as an enemy, but admonish him as a brother. 2 Thes. iii. 15.

2. To counsel against wrong practices; to caution or advise; to exhort; to warn.

I warn'd thee, I admonished thee, foretold
The danger and the lurking enemy. Millon.
The fruitful scenes and prospects waste
Alike admonish not to roam.
Cowper.

3. To instruct or direct; to guide. 'Ye choice spirits that admonish me.' Shak.

Moses was admonished by God when he was about to make the tabernacle. Heb. viii. 5.

4. To inform; to acquaint with; to notify; to remind; to recall or incite to duty. The angel bright, Ere he drew nigh, his radiant visage turned, Admonished by his ear.

Milton.

ADMONISHER

But Maggie stood, right sair astonished, Till by the heel and hand admonished.

Burns.

5. Eccles. to reprove a member of the church for a fault, either publicly or privately: the first step in church discipline. It has a like use in colleges.

Admonisher (ad-mon'ish-ér), n. One who reproves or counsels.

Horace was a mild admonisher, a court satirist fit for the gentle times of Augustus. Dryden. Admonishment (ad-mon'ish-ment), n. Admonition; counsel; warning.

When was my lord so much ungently temper'd To stop his ears against admonishment) Unarm, unarm, and do not fight to-day. Shak. Thy grave admonishments prevail with me. Shak. Admonition (ad-mō-ni'shon), n. The act of admonishing; counsel or advice; gentle reproof; instruction in duties; caution; direction.

Now all these things happened unto them for ensamples; and they are written for our admonition. I Cor. x. II. Eccles. public or private reproof to reclaim an offender: a step preliminary to excommunication. Admonition, Reprehension, Reproof. Admonition, a caution or warning, containing instruction as regards duty or conduct for future guidance; reprehension and reproof are both retrospective. The former is rather the milder of the two and expresses literally the act of taking back, as if to compel attention to the error committed, hence a finding fault with for something done; reproof, an authoritative faultfinding, censure addressed to inferiors and children.

A man that is an heretic, after the first and second admonition, reject. Tit. iii. 10. The admonitions, fraternal or paternal, of his fellow-Christians, or the governors of the church, then more public reprehensions. Hammond.

Those best can bear reproof who merit praise. Pope. Admonitioner (ad-mō-ni ́shon-ér), n. An admonisher; a dispenser of admonitions. Hales.

Admonitionist (ad-mō-ni'shon-ist), n. One of a body of Puritans who in 1571 sent an admonition to Parliament condemning everything in the English Church not in accord with the principles and practice of that of Geneva.

Admonitive (ad-mon'it-iv), a. Containing admonition. Instructive and admonitive emblems.' Barrow. [Rare.]

Admonitively (ad-mon'it-iv-li), adv. By admonition.

Admonitor (ad-mon'it-èr), n. An admonisher; a monitor.

Conscience is at most times a very faithful, and very prudent admonitor. Shenstone.

Admonitory (ad-mon'i-to-ri), a. Containing admonition; tending or serving to admonish. Admonitory of duty.' Barrow. Admortization (ad-mor'ti-za"shon), n. The reducing of lands or tenements to mortmain. See MORTMAIN.

Admovet (ad-möv′), v.t. pret. & pp. admoved; ppr. admoving. [L. admoveo-ad, to, and moveo, to move.] To move to; to bring one thing to another. Admoved into the light.' Evelyn. Admurmuration † (ad-mèr'mêr-ā”shon), n. A murmuring.

Adnascent (ad-nas'ent), a. [L. ad, to, nascens, growing] Growing to or on something else. Moss, which is an adnascent plant.' Evelyn.

Adnate (ad'nat), a. [L. adnatus—ad, to, and natus, grown.] Growing attached; specifically, (a) in anat. attached by cartilage; having the character of an epiphysis. See ENATE. (b) In bot. applied to a part of an organism growing attached to another by its whole length. Thus adnate stipules are such as grow to the petiole or leaf-stalk, as in the rose. Adnate anthers are such as are united to their filaments throughout their whole

1. Adnate Anther. 2, Adnate Stipule.

42

Adnoun (ad'noun), n. [Ad and noun.] In gram. an adjective or attribute. [Rare.] Adnubilated (ad-nu'bi-lat-ed), a. [L. ad, to, and nubilo, nubilatum, to be or to make cloudy, from nubes, a cloud.] Clouded; obscured.

Ado (a-dö'), n. [Prefix a for at, and do, that is, to do. The full form at do is found in Old English, at being here the sign of the infinitive, as in Icelandic.] Bustle; trouble; labour; difficulty; as, to persuade one with much ado.

Let's follow, to see the end of this ado. Shak. And what is life, that we should moan? Why make we such ado Tennyson.

ADORATION

I took him in adoors, A straggling beggar outcast from his shores. Vicar, 1630. Adopt (a-dopt'), v.t. [L. adopto ad, and opto, to desire or choose. See OPTION.] 1. To take a stranger into one's family as son and heir; to take one who is not a child and treat him as one, giving him a title to the privileges and rights of a child.-2. To take, select, or receive as one's own; as, to adopt the opinions of another; to adopt a particular mode of husbandry.

I have adopted the Roman sentiment, that it is more honourable to save a citizen than to kill an enemy. Johnson.

Adolescence (ad-ō-les'ens), n. [L. adolescentia, from adolescens, growing up, from adolesco-ad, and olesco, to grow, from oleo (only in composition), to grow. Root ol, probably cognate with al in L. alo, to nourish, to rear.] The state of growing: applied almost exclusively to the young of the human race; youth, or the period of life

between childhood and the full development

of the frame, extending in man from about fourteen to twenty-five, and in woman from twelve to twenty-one. Adolescency (ad-ō-les'en-si), n. Same as

Adolescence.

Adolescent (ad-ō-les'ent), a. [See ADOLESCENCE.] Growing up; advancing from childhood to manhood.

Schools, unless discipline were doubly strong, Detain their adolescent charge too long. Cowper. Adolode (ad'ō-lōd), n. [Gr. a, neg., and dolos, fraud.] An apparatus for detecting fraud in distillation.

Adonean (ad-ō-nē'an), a. [L. adoneus.] Pertaining to or connected with Adonis. Fair Adonean Venus.' Faber.

Adonia (a-dō'ni-a), n. A festival of two days' duration celebrated anciently in honour of Adonis, by females. The first day was spent in mourning and lamentation, and the second in feasting and merrymaking.

It

Adonic (a-don'ik), a. Of or pertaining to Adonis.-Adonic verse. See the noun. Adonic (a-don'ik), n. An Adonic verse: so called, it is said, because used in songs sung at the Adonia, or festival of Adonis. consists of a dactyl and a spondee or trochee, as rārā juventus, and on account of its animated movement is adapted to gay and lively poetry. It is, however, seldom used by itself, but joined with other kinds of

verse.

Adonis (a-dō'nis), n. [This was the name of the sun-god among the Phoenicians, of same origin as Heb. adonai, lord, adon, master.] 1. In Greek myth. the favourite of Aphrodite (Venus), said to be the son of Cinyras, king of Cyprus. He was fond of hunting, and received a mortal wound from the tusk of a wild boar. Aphrodite lamented his death, and changed him into the plant which bears his name. This name is often used as typical of manly beauty, or is applied to one who is excessively particular in his dress; an exquisite; as, he is quite an Adonis. 2. In bot. a genus of plants belonging to the nat. order Ranunculaceæ. In the cornadonis (A. autumnalis) the petals are bright scarlet, and are considered as emblematical of the blood of Adonis, from which the plant is fabled to have sprung.

Adonise, Adonize (ad'on-iz), v.t. [From Adonis (which see).] To make beautiful or attractive; to adorn one's self with the view of attracting admiration: said only of males. [Rare.]

I employed three good hours at least in adjusting and adonizing myself. Smollett. Adonist (a-dōn'ist), n. [Heb. Chal. and Syriac, Adon, Lord, a scriptural title of the Supreme Being.] One of a sect or party of Biblical critics who maintain that the Hebrew points ordinarily annexed to the consonants of the word Jehovah are not the natural points belonging to that word, and that they do not express the true pronunciation of it; but that they are vowel-points belonging to the words Adonai and Elohim, applied to the ineffable name Jehovah, which the Jews were forbid to utter, and the true pronunciation of which was lost; they were therefore always to pronounce the word Adonai instead of Jehovah.

Adoorst (a-dōrz'), adv. [A for at, and doors.] At doors; at the door.

Adoptian (a-dop'shi-an), a. Of or pertaining to the doctrine of adoption.-Adoptian controversy (eccles.), a controversy which originated in Spain in the eighth century with the Archbishop of Toledo, who maintained that although Christ, in respect of his divine nature, was by generation the Son of God, yet that, as regards his human nature, he was only a declared and adopted son. The heresy was condemned by several synods, but it has reappeared at various times, and was defended by, amongst others, Duns Scotus, in the fourteenth century. Adoption (a-dop'shon), n. [L. adoptio. See ADOPT.] 1. The act of adopting, or the state of being adopted; the taking and treating of a stranger as one's own child; as, the adoption of a child; a son by adoption.-2. The receiving of a person into a more intimate relation than formerly; reception; admission; as, the adoption of a person into a society.-3. The act of adopting or receiving as one's own what is new or not natural; selection; assumption; as, the adoption of a method of agriculture.

The adoption of vice has ruined ten times more young men than natural inclinations. Lord Chesterfield. One who Adoptionist (a-dop'shon-ist), n. maintains that Christ was the Son of God by adoption only. Prof. Murdock. Adoptious (a-dop'shus), a. Adoptive; that is adopted or assumed. 'Pretty, fond, adoptious christendoms.' Shak. Adoptive (a-dopt'iv), a. [L. adoptivus | 1. Constituted by adoption; adopting or adopted. Adoptive father.' Ayliffe. Adoptive son.' Bacon.-2. Assumed. Adoptive and cheerful boldness.' Milton.-Adoptive arms, in her. arms enjoyed by the concession of another which the adopter is obliged to marshal with his own, as being the condition of some honour or estate left him.

Adoptive (a-dopt'iv), n. A person or thing adopted.

Adorability (a-dōr'a-bil"i-ti), n. Quality of being adorable. Coleridge. Adorable (a-doōr'a-bl), a. I. Demanding adoration; worthy of being adored; worthy of divine honours. 'The adorable Author of Christianity.' Cheyne. -2. Worthy of the utmost love or respect. Adorableness (a-dor'a-bl-nes), n. The quality of being adorable, or worthy of adoration. Adorably (a-dor'a-bli), adv. In a manner worthy of adoration. Adoration (ad-or-a'shon), n. 1. The act of adoring; the act of paying honours, as to a divine being; worship addressed to a deity; in the Christian Church, the supreme and highest form of worship due to God alone; sometimes used specifically of words addressed to the Deity expressive of a sense of his infinite holiness and perfection.

Lowly reverent Towards either throne they bow, and to the ground With solemn adoration down they cast Their crowns.

Milton

In the R. Cath. Ch. the word sometimes expresses an inferior sort of divine homage; thus, it may be applied (a) to the homage paid to the eucharist, because Catholics believe in the real presence of Christ in the sacramental elements. (b) To the ceremony of prostration before the crucifix practised in all Catholic churches on Good Friday. (c) To the worship paid to the Virgin, saints, angels, and relics. [Considered an improper

ADORE

usage, however ] The term is also applied to a ceremonious manifestation of respect and submission shown by the cardinals to the pope after his election.-2. Homage, or an act of homage, paid to one in high esteem or place; profound reverence; the utmost respect, regard, or esteem; the highest degree of love, as of a man for a woman; heart's devotion.

How does he love me? With aderations, fertile tears,

With groans that thunder love, with sighs of fire. Shak. 3. A mode by which the cardinals in conclave sometimes elect the Roman pontiff. In adoration, unlike scrutiny, the cardinals rush hastily, as if actuated by some overpowering internal impulse, and elect a pope by acclamation.-4. In art, a pictorial representation of the adoration of the infant Jesus by the magi and the shepherds. Adore (a-dor), vt pret. & pp. adored; ppr. adoring. [L. adoro, to ask in prayer, to adore ad, to, and oro, to ask. Root or, seen also in os, oris, the mouth.] 1. To worship with profound reverence; to address with exalted thoughts by prayer and thanksgiving; to pay divine honours to; to honour as a god or as divine. Bishops and priests bearing the host which he publicly adored.' Smollett

God shall be all in all. But, all ye gods,
Adore him, who to compass all this dies;
Adore the Son, and honour him as me.

Milton.

Congealed drops which do the morn adore. Spenser. Adorement† (a-dor'ment), n. Adoration; worship. Adorement of cats, lizards, and beetles Sir T. Browne. Adorer (a-dor'ėr), n. 1. One who adores: (a) one who worships or honours as divine; one who admires or esteems greatly. adorer of truth.' Clarendon. (b) One who esteems or respects highly; a lover; an admirer. I profess myself her adorer, not her friend.' Shak.

An

Adoring (a-dōr'ing), n. Act of adoration; act of homage paid by a lover.

And soft adorings from their loves receive. Keats. Adoringly(a-dōr'ing-li), adv. With adoration. Adorn (a-dorn'), vt. [L. adorno-ad, to, and orno, to deck or beautify.] 1. To deck or decorate; to add to beauty or attractiveness by dress or ornaments; hence, in general, to set off to advantage; to render pleasing, or more pleasing or attractive; to embellish; as, to adorn a speech by appropriate action, sentiments with elegance of language, or a gallery with pictures. To point a moral and adorn a tale." Johnson.

A bride adorneth herself with her jewels. Is. lxi. 10. Loveliness

Needs not the foreign aid of ornament, Butis, when unadorned, adorned the most. Thomson. 2 To display the beauty or excellence of; as, to adorn the doctrine of God. Tit. ii. 10.SYN. To deck, decorate, embellish, ornament, beautify, grace, garnish, dignify, exalt, honour Adorn, Decorate, Embellish. Adorn, to enhance the beauty of an object; to make a real addition to the beauty or attractiveness of a thing, so that it is more pleasing as a whole It may be used of what is purely moral; as, many virtues adorn his character. Decorate, to add something for the purpose of adornment; to beautify or attempt to beautify by the addition of something external and material-something which tends to attract notice to itself as a detail or part

of a whole; as, to decorate one's self with flowers or feathers; to decorate a room with wreaths of flowers or hangings. Embellish, to deck, beautify, or ornament for the purpose of attracting attention: often used of gandy or meretricious ornament. Adorn (a-dorn'), n. Ornament.

Her breast all naked as nett yvory, Webrat adorne of gold or silver bright. Spenser. Adorn (a-dorn), a. Adorned; decorated. Made so adorn for thy delight.' Milton. Adornate (a-dor'nát), v.t. To adorn. To adornate gardens.' Frampton. Adornation (ad-or-na'shon), n. Ornament. Memory is the soul's treasury, and thence she hath her partients of adornation. Wits' Commonwealth.

I will write all down: Such and such pictures; there the window; such The adornment of her bed. Shak. Adorsed, Adossed (a-dorst', a-dost'), a. [Fr. adossée, part. of adosser, to set back to back, from dos, L. dorsum, the back.] In her. applied to any two animals, birds, fishes, or other bearings placed back to back. Adosculation (ad-os'küla"shon), n. [L. ad, to, and osculatio, a kissing, from osculum, a kiss, or little mouth, dim. of os, oris, the mouth. See ORAL.]

x

Two dolphins adorsed.

1. In bot. (a) the impregnation of plants by the falling of the farina on the pistils. (b) The inserting of one part of a plant into another.-2. In physiol. impregnation by external contact merely, and not by intromission, as in fishes.

Adossed. See ADORSED.

Adown (a-doun), prep. [Prefix a, off, and down, A. Sax. of-dune, off or from the down or hill.] 1. From a higher to a lower situation; down: implying descent. Adown her shoulders fell her length of hair. Dryden. 2. From top to bottom of; along the length of; downwards; all along.

Full well 'tis known adown the dale, Though passing strange indeed the tale. Percy, Reliq. Adown (a-doun'), adv. From a higher to a lower part; downward; down; to or on the ground. Crept adown to where the waters slept.' Tennyson. Thrice did she sink adown. Spenser.

Adoxa (a-doks'a), n. [Gr. a, without, and doxa, glory.] A genus of plants, nat. order Caprifoliacea. The only species, A. moschatellina (moschatel), is a little inconspicuous plant, 4 or 5 inches high, found in woods and moist shady places in all parts of Europe. The pale-green flowers have a musky smell, and the plant is much sought after by the curious for the sake of its modest delicate appearance.

Adpressed (ad-prest), a.

In bot. a term

applied to branches or leaves which rise parallel and close to the stem, and are brought into contact with it without adhering to it.

Adpromissor (ad-pro-mis'or), n. [L.] In Rom, law, an accessory to a promise in order to give a stipulator greater security. Ad quod damnum. [L.] In law, a writ to inquire whether certain liberties to be granted by the crown, as a fair, highway, &c., will be to the public damage. Adragant (ad'ra-gant), n. Gum-tragacanth. Adread + (a-dred'), a. [O.E. adrad, adradde -prefix a, in, or a (for of), intens., and dread. See DREAD.] Affected by dread. Thinking to make all men adread.' Sir P. Sidney. Adreamt (a-dremt'), pp. or a. Used only in the phrase, I was adreamt, for, I dreamed.

I was adreamt on thee too.

Webster.

[In Oxfordshire adreamt means dosing. Halliwell.]

Adrianople-red (ad' ri-an-ō-pl-red), n. [From Adrianople, a city of Turkey. ] Turkey-red: a dyer's term for red obtained from madder.

Adriatic (ad'ri-at-ik), a. [L. Adriaticus or Hadriaticus, Adriatic, pertaining to Adria or Hadria, a town between the mouths of the Po and the Adige.] Pertaining to the Adriatic (ad'ri-at-ik), n. The Gulf of Venice; gulf called, from Venice, the Gulf of Venice. a sea that washes the eastern coast of Italy. Adrift (a-drift'), a. or adv. [Prefix a, on, and drift, a driving or floating. See DRIVE.] 1. Floating at random; impelled or moving without direction; not fastened by any kind of moorings; at the mercy of winds and currents: as an adjective it always follows its noun. 'Trees adrift down the great river.' Milton.

So on the sea she shall be set adrift, And who relieves her dies. Dryden. Hence-2. Fig. swayed by any chance impulse; also, all abroad; at sea; at a loss.

Frequent reflection will keep their minds from running adrift. Locke.

ADULARIA

Adrogate (ad'ro-gát), v.t. To adopt by adrogation.

Clodius, the enemy of Cicero, was adrogated into a plebeian family. Smith, Dict. Antiq. Adrogation (ad-rō-gã'shon), n. [L. adrogatio, arrogatio-ad, to, and rogo, to ask, whence rogation, interrogation.] A species of adoption in ancient Rome, by which a person capable of choosing for himself was admitted into the relation of a son by a vote of the Comitia Curiata, or in later times a rescript of the emperor: so called from the questions put to the parties. Written also Arrogation.

All the later writers, ... call the kind of adoption which was confirmed by a law of the people an adrogation. Middleton. Adroit (a-droit'), a. [Fr. adroit, dexterous -a, to, and droit, right, as opposed to left (comp. dexterous, from L. dexter, right); Pr. dreit, It. dritto, diritto, from L. directus, straight di for dis, and rego, rectum, to guide straight.] Dexterous; skilful; active in the use of the hand, and, figuratively, in the exercise of the mental faculties; ingenious; ready in invention or execution. 'Adroit mechanics.' Prof. Bain.

He (Halifax) was adroit in intrigue; and it was difficult, even for shrewd and experienced men, who had been amply forewarned of his perfidy, to withstand the fascination of his manner, and to refuse credit to his professions of attachment. Macaulay. SYN. Dexterous, skilful, ingenious, expert, ready.

Adroitly (a- droit li), adv. In an adroit manner; with dexterity; readily; skilfully. Use yourself to carve adroitly and genteelly. Chesterfield. Adroitness (a-droit'nes), n. The quality of being adroit; dexterity; readiness in the use of the limbs or of the mental faculties. Adroitness was as requisite as courage. Motley. Adry + (a-dri'), a. or adv. [Prefix a for of, intens., and dry.] Thirsty; in want of drink. Doth a man that is adry desire to drink in gold? Adscititious (ad-si-ti 'shus), a. [From L. adscisco, ascisco, to take knowingly, to appropriate-ad, to, and sciscor, to seek to know, an inceptive from scio, to know.] Added; taken as supplemental; additional; not requisite.

Burton.

The fourth epistle on happiness may be thought adscititions, and out of its proper place. F. Warton. Adscititiously (ad-si-ti'shus-li), adv. In an

adscititious manner.

Adscript (ad'skript), n. [L. adscriptus, pp. of adscribo, to enrol-ad, to, and scribo, to write. ] One who is held to service as attached to some object or place; as, when a slave is made an adscript of the soil. Adscriptive (ad-skript'iv), a. Held to service as attached to some object or place, as a serf or slave.

terms.

Many estates peopled with crown peasants have been ceded to particular individuals on condition of establishing manufactories; these peasants, called adscriptive, working at the manufactories on fixed Brougham. Adscriptus glebæ (ad-skrip'tus glē'bē). [L.] Belonging or attached to the soil, as a serf. This term was in Rome applied to a class of slaves attached in perpetuity to and transferred with the land they cultivated. Colliers and salt-workers in Scotland were in a similar position till the passing of 15 Geo. III. xxviii.

Adsignification (ad-sig'ni-fi-kā"shon), n. A modification of meaning by means of a prefix or suffix. Tooke. Adsignify (ad - sig'ni-fi), v. t. To add signification or meaning to a word by a prefix or suffix. Tooke. [Rare.] Adstipulator (ad-stip'u-lat-ér), n. In law, an accessory party to a promise, who has received the same promise as his principal did, and can equally receive and exact pay

ADULATE

the Alps, but the best specimens are from Ceylon.

Adulate (ad'u-lat), v.t. [See ADULATION.] To show feigned devotion to; to flatter servilely.

It is not that I adulate the people, Without me there are demagogues enough. Byron. Adulation (ad-ū-lā'shon), n. [L. adulatio, adulationis, a fawning. Origin doubtful, many etymologies being suggested; as, ad, and root ul-Gr. oura, a tail, the primary sense being to wag the tail like a fawning dog; ad, and aula, a hall, the primary sense being to wait in the hall, as a Roman client on his patron; ad, and ululo, to whine like a dog; ad, and Gr. doulos, a slave.] Servile flattery; praise in excess, or beyond what is merited; high compliment.

Adulation pushed to the verge, sometimes of nonsense, and sometimes of impiety, was not thought to disgrace a poet. Macaulay.

-Adulation, Flattery, Compliment. Adulation, praise proceeding from a fawning servile spirit, and generally intended to produce some ulterior advantage to the bestower of such homage; flattery, praise bestowed to gratify the vanity of the object of it, with or without a purpose on the part of the flatterer; compliment is less strong and more sincere than flattery, and may be the expression of the respect or esteem the bestower entertains for the recipient. Adulator (ad'ū-lāt-ér), n. A flatterer; one who offers praise servilely. Adulatory (ad'u-lat-o-ri), a.

Flattering;

containing excessive praise or compliments; servilely praising; as, an adulatory address. You are not lavish of your words, especially in that species of eloquence called the adulatory. Chesterfield. Adulatress (ad'ū-lāt-res), n. A female adulator or flatterer. Adullamite (a-dul'am-it), n. A member of a party of the more moderate Liberals who seceded from the Whig leaders and voted with the Conservatives on the occasion of Earl Russell and Mr. Gladstone introducing a measure for the reduction of the elective franchise in 1866. They received the name from their being likened by Mr. Bright to the political outlaws who took refuge with David in the cave of Adullam; 1 Sam. xxii. 1, 2. The party was also known collectively as The Cave.

Adult (a-dult'), a. [L. adultus, grown to maturity, from oleo, to grow. See ADOLESCENCE.] 1. Having arrived at mature years, or to full size and strength; as, an adult person or plant. The elaborate reasonings of the adult man.' Herbert Spencer. 2. Pertaining or relating to adults; suitable for an adult; as, adult age; adult school. Adult (a-dult'), n. A person, animal, or plant grown to full size and strength; one who has reached the age of manhood or womanhood.

Adultedt (a-dult'ed), p. and a. Completely grown.

Now that we are not only adulted but ancient Christians, I believe the most acceptable sacrifice we can send up to heaven is prayer and praise.

Howell.

Adultert (a-dul'tèr), n. [L.] An adulterer. We receive into our mass open sinners, the covetous, the extortioners, the adulter, the back-biter. Tyndale. Adultert (a-dul'tér), v.i. 1. To commit adultery.

He adulters still; his thoughts lie with a whore. B. Fonson. 2. To pollute; to adulterate. 'Adultering spots." Marston.

The person

Adulterant (a-dul'tér-ant), n. or thing that adulterates. Adulterate (a-dul'tér-at), v. t. pret. & pp. adulterated; ppr. adulterating. [L. adultero, from adulter, mixed, or an adulterer-ad, to, and alter, other.] 1. To debase or deteriorate by an admixture of foreign or baser materials; as, to adulterate liquors; to adulterate drugs; to adulterate coffee.

The present war has... adulterated our tongue with strange words. Spectator. 2. To give a hybrid character to. 'Excellent forms of grafting and adulterating plants and flowers.' Peacham. SYN. TO corrupt, debase, contaminate, vitiate, sophisticate. Adulteratet (a-dul'tér-āt), v.i. To commit adultery.

But Fortune, oh!

She adulterates hourly with thine uncle John. Shak Adulterate (a-dul'tér-āt), a. 1. Tainted with adultery. The adulterate Hastings.' Shak.

44

2. Debased by foreign mixture; adulterated. 'Adulterate copper.' Swift. Adulterately (a-dul'tér-at-li), adv. In an adulterate manner.

Adulterateness (a-dul'tér-at-nes), n. The quality or state of being adulterated or debased.

Adulteration (a-dul'tér-a"shon), n. The act of adulterating, or the state of being adulterated or debased by foreign mixture; the use of ingredients in the production of any professedly genuine article, which are cheaper and of a worse quality, or which are not considered so desirable by the consumer as other or genuine ingredients for which they are substituted. The adulteration of liquors, drugs, tea, bread, beer, &c., is punishable by law. See further in extract.

Adulteration, a term not only applied in its proper sense to the systematic mixture of articles of commerce, food, drink, drugs, &c., with noxious or inferior ingredients, but also by magistrates and analysts to accidental impurity, and even in some cases to actual substitution. The chief objects of adulteration are to increase the weight or volume of the article, such as water added to milk, butter, &c.; to give a colour which either makes a good article more pleasing to the eye or else disguises an inferior one, as Prussian blue, black lead, &c., to green teas, annatto to cheese, alum to bread, &c.; to substitute a cheaper form of the article, or the same substance from which the strength has been extracted, as tea mixed with spent leaves; and to give it a false strength, as cocculus indicus to beer and alcohol to wine. Pop. Ency. One who Adulterator (a-dul'tér-at-ér), n. adulterates. Adulterer (a-dul'tėr-èr), n. [Formed either from the E verb adulter, or more probably from L. adulter, with an additional English noun termination.] 1. A man guilty of adultery; a married man who has sexual commerce with any woman except his wife. See ADULTERY.-2. In Scrip. an apostate from the true faith; a very wicked person. Jer. ix. 2; xxiii. 14; Jam. iv. 4.

Adulteress (a-dul'tér-es), n. 1. A woman guilty of adultery.-2. In Scrip. a woman guilty of apostasy from the true faith. Jam. iv. 4.

Adulterine (a-dul'tèr-in), a. 1. Proceeding from adulterous commerce. 'An adulterine bastard.' Sir F. Palgrave.-2. Debased; spurious.

When any particular class of artificers or traders thought proper to act as a corporation, without a charter, such were called adulterine guilds. Adam Smith. Adulterine (a-dul'tér-in), n. In civil law, a child begotten in adultery. Adulterize (a-dul'tér-iz), v.i. To be guilty of adultery. Milton. [Rare.] Adulterous (a-dul'tér-us), a. 1. Guilty of adultery; pertaining to adultery.-2. Illicit: said of combinations or relations of any

kind.

Some of our kings have made adulterous connections abroad. Burke.

3. Spurious; corrupt; adulterated. 'Forged and adulterous stuff.' Trans. of Casaubon. [Rare.]-4. In Scrip. faithless in religion; very wicked. Mat. xii. 39. Adulterously (a-dul'tèr-us-li), adv. In an adulterous manner.

Adultery (a-dul'tèr-i), n. [L. adulterium. See ADULTERATE.] 1. Violation of the marriage-bed; a crime or a civil injury which introduces or may introduce a spurious offspring into a family. When committed between two married persons it is sometimes termed double adultery; and when only one of the parties is married it is termed single adultery. In many continental countries adultery is regarded as a criminal offence, but in none does the punishment exceed imprisonment for a short period accompanied by a fine. In England, formerly, it was punished by fine and imprisonment, and in Scotland it was frequently made a capital offence. In Great Britain at the present day, however, it is punishable only by ecclesiastical censure. But when committed by the wife, adultery is regarded as a civil injury, and forms the ground of an action of damages against the paramour. No corresponding action is competent to the wife either in England or America. Adultery forms the most common ground of divorce. See DIVORCE.-2. In Scrip. (a) all manner of lewdness or unchastity, as forbidden by the seventh commandment. Mat. v. 28. (b) Idolatry or apostasy from the true God. Jer.iii. 8.-3. In old laws, the fine and penalty imposed for the offence of adultery.4. Eccles. the intrusion of a person into a bishopric during the life of the bishop.5. In old arboriculture, the grafting of trees, from the process being considered as an un

ADVANCE

natural union. -6.† Adulteration; corruption. All the adulteries of art.' B. Jonson. 7. Injury; degradation; ruin.

You might wrest the caduceus out of my hand to the adultery and spoil of nature. B. Jonson. Adultness (a-dult'nes), n. The state of being adult.

Adumbrant (ad-um'brant), a. [L adumbrans, ppr. of adumbro. See ADUMBRATE. ] Giving a faint shadow, or showing a slight resemblance.

Adumbrate (ad-um'brat), v. t. [L. adumbro, to shade-ad, and umbra, a shade.] 1. To give a faint shadow of; to exhibit a faint resemblance of, like a shadow; to indicate or give tokens of by resemblance or correspondence; to shadow forth.

Heaven is adumbrated by all positive excellences. Decay of Piety. Both in the vastness and the richness of the visible universe the invisible God is adumbrated. Is. Taylor. 2. To overshadow, partially darken, or conceal.

Nor did it (a veil) cover, but adumbrate only Her most heart-piercing parts. Marlowe. Adumbration (ad-um-bra'shon), n. 1. The act of adumbrating or making a shadow or faint resemblance.-2. A faint sketch; an imperfect representation of a thing; something that suggests by resemblance, or shadows forth.

Our knowledge is ... at best a faint confused aðumbration. Glanville.

In distracted black-magical phantasmagory, adumbrations of yet higher and

stupendously in the back-ground her alliances hover Carlyle. 3. In her. the shadow only of a figure, outlined, and painted of a colour darker than the field.

Adumbrative (ad-um'bra-tiv), a. Shadowing forth; faintly resembling; suggesting by resemblance.

Adumbratively (ad-um'bra-tiv-li), adv. In an adumbrative manner. Adunation (ad-u-nă'shon), n. [L. ad, to, and unus, one.] The state of being united; union. Real union or adunation.' Boyle. Aduncity (ad-un'si-ti), n. [L. aduncitas, hookedness-ad, to, and uncus, a hook. ] Hookedness; a bending in form of a hook. 'The aduncity of the pounces and beaks of the hawks.' Pope and Arbuthnot. Aduncous (ad-ungk'us), a. [L. aduncus, hooked. See ADUNCITY.] Hooked; bent or made in the form of a hook.

Ad unguem (ad un'gwem). [L] To the nail, or touch of the nail; exactly; nicely. Adunquet (ad-ungk), a. Aduncous; hooked. 'Parrots have an adunque bill.' Bacon. Adure † (ad-ür'), v.t. [L. aduro-ad, and uro, Adurent't (ad-ur'ent), a. to burn.] To burn up. Bacon. [L. adurens, ppr. of aduro. See ADURE.] Burning; heating. Bacon. Adust (a-dust'), a. [L. adustus, burned, the participle of aduro, to burn. See ADURE.] 1. Burned; scorched; become dry by heat; hot and fiery. The Libyan air adust. Milton.-2. Looking as if burned or scorched. 'A tall, thin man, of an adust complexion." Sir W. Scott.-3. In med. having much heat: said of the blood and other fluids of the body; hence, ardent; sanguine; impetuous. The same adust complexion (temperament) has impell'd

Charles to the convent, Philip to the field. Горе. Adustedt (a-dust'ed), a. Become hot and dry; burned; scorched. Howell.

Adustiblet (a-dust'i-bl), a. Capable of being

burned up.

Adustion (a-dust'yon), n. 1. The act of burning, scorching, or heating to dryness; a state of being thus heated or dried. Harvey.— 2. In med. cauterization. Advailable (ad-văl ́a-bl), a. Available. Simon Fish. [Rare.]

Ad valorem (ad va-lõ'rem). [L.] Lit. according to value: used (a) in com. as applied to customs or duties, levied according to the value or worth of the goods, as sworn to by the owner. (b) In law, as applied to lawyers' fees for the drawing of certain deeds or other work chargeable according to the value of the property involved. Advance (ad-vans'), v. t. pret. & pp. advanced; ppr. advancing. (O. Fr. advancer, Fr. avan cer, to push forwards, Pr. avant, abans, It avanti, forward, before; L. abante, from before, in front-ab, from, ante, before. This is also the origin of E. van, advantage.] 1. To bring forward; to move further in front.

Now morn, her rosy steps in the eastern clime
Advancing, sow'd the earth with orient pearl.
Multon

ADVANCE

2 To impel: to incite. That lewd ribauld with vyle lust advaunst. Spenser.-3. To promote; to raise to a higher rank; as, to advance one from the bar to the bench.4 To commend; to extol; to praise. 'Greatly advancing his gay chivalrie. Spenser-5. To raise; to enhance; as, to advance the price of goods-6. To improve or make better, to benefit; to promote the good of; as, to advance one's true interests.

As the calling dignifies the man, so the man much more advances his cailing. South.

7 To forward in time; to accelerate the growth of; as, to advance the growth of plants-8. To offer or propose; to bring to view or notice, as something one is prepared to abide by, to allege; to adduce; to bring forward; as, to advance an opinion or an argument.-9. To put forth or exhibit with a view to display. [Rare.]

And every one his love-feat will advance Unto his several mistress.

Shak.

10. In com to supply beforehand; to furnish on credit, or before goods are delivered, or work done; or to furnish as a part of a stock or fund; to supply or pay in expectation of reimbursement; as, to advance money on loan or contract, or towards a purchase or establishment.

They advanced the money out of their own funds, and took the sheriff's deeds in their own name. Kent. 11. To raise; to lift up; to elevate. They advanced their eyelids.' Shak.

O, peace! Contemplation makes a rare turkeycock of him: how he jets under his advanced plumes! Shak. A cherub tall; Who forthwith from the glittering staff unfurled The imperial ensign; which, full high advanced, Shone like a meteor. Milton.

SYN To bring forward, forward, promote, further, raise, elevate, exalt, improve, heighten, accelerate, allege, adduce, assign. Advance (ad-vans), v.i. 1. To move or go forward; to proceed; as, the troops adranced-2. To improve or make progress; to grow better, greater, wiser, or older; as, to advance in knowledge, in stature, in wisdom, iu rank or dignity, or in years.— 3 To rise in rank, office, or consequence; as, he rapidly advanced through all the grades of promotion.

Advance (ad-vans), n. 1. A moving forward or towards the front; a march forward. 2 Gradual progression; improvement; as, an advance in religion or knowledge. – 3. Advancement; promotion; preferment; as, an advance in rank or office.-4. An offer

or tender.

The advance of kindness which I made was feigned. Dryden. 5. First step towards the attainment of any result to be brought about by the mutual consent of different parties; as, A made an advance towards a reconciliation with B. In this sense it is very frequently used in the plural.

The amours of an empress require the plainest adriances. Gibbon.

6. In com (a) addition to price; rise in price; profit; as, an advance on the prime cost of goods, there is an advance on cottons. (b) A giving beforehand; a furnishing of something before an equivalent is received, as money or goods, towards a capital or stock, or on loan, or in expectation of being reimbursed in some way; as, A made large ad

vances to B

I shall, with great pleasure, make the necessary advances. Fay.

The account was made up with intent to show what advances had been made. Kent.

(e) The money or goods thus furnished.In advance, (a) in front; before; as, the cavalry marched in advance. (b) Beforehand, before an equivalent is received. They paid you in advance the dearest tribute of their affection. Junius.

(e) sed adjectively, in the sense of having made an advance; as, A is in advance to B a thousand pounds.

45

vanced strategic ideas of the day.' Grote. 'The more advanced European thinkers.' Buckle.-3. Having reached a comparatively great length of years; as, he is now at an advanced age.

Advancement (ad-vans'ment), n. 1. The act of moving forward or proceeding.2. The act of promoting, or state of being promoted; preferment; promotion, in rank or excellence; improvement; furtherance. 3. Settlement on a wife, or jointure. Bacon. 4. In law, provision made by a parent for a child during the parent's life, by gift of property to which the child would be entitled as heir after his parent's death.-5. The payment of money in advance; money paid in advance. SYN. Progress, progression, improvement, proficiency, promotion, exaltation, elevation, preferment, enhancement. Advance-note (ad-vans'not), n. A draft on the owner or agent of a vessel, generally for one month's wages, given by the master to the sailors, on their signing the articles of agreement.

Advancer (ad-vanser), n.

1. One who advances; a promoter.-2. A branch of a buck's horn, the second from the base. Advancive, Advansive (ad-vans'iv), a. Tending to advance or promote. [Rare.] Advantage (ad-van'tāj),n. [O. Fr. advantage, Fr. avantage, that which forwards, from avant, before. See ADVANCE.] 1. Any state, condition, circumstance, opportunity, or means specially favourable to success, prosperity, interest, reputation, or any desired end; anything that aids, assists, or is of service; as, he had the advantage of a good constitution, of an excellent education; the enemy had the advantage of elevated ground. The advantages of a close alliance.' Macaulay.

Advantage is a better soldier than rashness. Shak.
Give me advantage of some brief discourse. Shak.
2. Superiority or prevalence: with of or over.
Lest Satan should get an advantage of us.
2 Cor. ii. 11.
I have seen the hungry ocean gain
Advantage on the kingdom of the shore. Shak.
3. Benefit; gain; profit.

What advantage will it be to thee? Job xxxv. 3.
Yet hath Sir Proteus, for that's his name,
Made use and fair advantage of his days. Shak.
4. Usury; interest; increase.
Methought you said you neither lend nor borrow
Upon advantage.
Shak.

And with advantage means to pay thy love. Shak. Advantage (ad-van'tāj), v.t. pret. & pp. advantaged; ppr. advantaging. 1. To bring advantage to; to be of service to; to benefit; to yield profit or gain to.

What is a man advantaged, if he gain the whole world, and lose himself, or be cast away? Luke ix.25. 2. To gain ground, or win acceptance for; to promote or further. [Rare and obsolete.]

The Stoics that opinioned the souls of wise men dwelt about the moon, and those of fools wandered about the earth, advantaged the conceit of this effect. Sir T. Browne.

3. To increase, as by interest. Advantaging their love with interest of ten times double gain of happiness.' Shak. Advantageable (ad-van'táj-a-bl), a. Profitable; convenient; gainful. [Rare.]

It is advantageable to a physician to be called to the cure of declining disease." Sir J. Hayward. Advantage-ground (ad-van'tāj-ground), n. Ground that gives advantage or superiority; a state that gives superior advantages, as for annoyance or resistance; vantage-ground. Clarendon.

Advantageous (ad-van-tā'jus), a. Being of advantage; furnishing convenience or opportunity to gain benefit; gainful; profitable; useful; beneficial; as, an advantageous position of the troops; trade is advantageous to a nation.

Some advantageous act may be achieved By sudden onset. Milton. SYN. Opportune, convenient, profitable, beneficial, useful, gainful. Advantageously (ad-van-tá'jus-li), adv. In an advantageous manner; profitably; usefully; conveniently.

It was advantageously situated, there being an easy passage from it to India by sea. Arbuthnot. Advantageousness (ad-van-tā'jus-nes), n. The quality or state of being advantageous; profitableness; usefulness; convenience.

Advance (ad-vans), a. Being before, either in time or place; beforehand, or in front; advanced; as, advance money; advance guard Advance fosse, advance moat, advance ditch, in fort a ditch thrown round the esplanade or glacis of a place. Advanced (ad-vanst), p. and a. 1. Situated in front or before others. Hence-2. In the front, as regards intellectual, scientific, political, or moral progress, and the like; as, an advanced Liberal. Advanced men of science. H. Spencer. 'The most ad

The last property, which qualifies God for the fittest object of our love, is, the advantageousness of his to us, both in the present and the future life.

Boyle.

ADVENTURE

Advectitious (ad-vek-tish'us), a. [L. advectitius, from adveho, to conduct-ad, to, and veho, to carry.] Brought from another place. Advene (ad-vēn'), v.. [L. advenio, to come to--ad, to, and venio, to come.] To accede, or come to; to be added to, or become a part of, though not essential. Where no act of the will advenes as a co-efficient.' Coleridge. [Rare.]

Advenient (ad-vě'ni-ent), a. Advening; coming from outward causes; superadded.

Divided from truth in themselves, they are yet farther removed by advenient deception. Sir T. Browne.

Advent (ad'vent), n. [L. adventus, an arrival, from advenio-ad, to, and venio, to come.] 1. A coming; approach; visitation. 'Death's dreadful advent.' Young.

With the advent of the empire all this was destined to undergo a complete change. Merivale. Specifically-2. The coming of our Saviour. Hence-3. A period including four Sundays before Christmas, beginning on St. Andrew's day, or on the Sunday nearest to it either before or after it, appointed by the English and other Christian Churches, to be kept as a season of devotion, with reference to the coming of Christ in the flesh, and his second coming to judge the world. Advent is first mentioned as a period to be observed by the church on the occasion of the Synod of Lerida in 524 A. D.

Adventitious (ad-ven-tish'us), a. [L. adventitius, from advenio. See ADVENT. ] 1. Added extrinsically; not essentially inherent; foreign; accidentally or casually acquired; specifically, in fine arts, applied to that which does not properly belong to a subject, but which is adopted in a picture or other work of art to give it additional power or effect. Th' adventitious fire rais'd by high meats.' Bowles.

To things of great dimensions, if we annex an ad. ventitious idea of terror, they become beyond comparison greater. Burke.

2. In bot. applied to anything produced in an abnormal position, as leaf-buds on the surface of a stem, or roots from the aerial stems or branches, as in the banian-tree. Adventitiously (ad-ven-tish'us-li), adv. In an adventitious or extrinsic manner; accidentally.

Adventitiousness (ad-ven-tish'us-nes), n. The state of being adventitious. Adventive (ad-vent'iv), a. 1. Accidental; adventitious. 'The relative and adventive characters of offences.' Bacon. Specifically2. In bot. applied to plants not commonly indigenous appearing spontaneously in a country.

One who or

Adventivet (ad-vent'iv), n. that which comes from without.

That the natives be not so many, but that there may be elbow-room enough for them, and for the adventives also. Bacon.

Adventry (ad-ven'tri), n. An enterprise; an adventure.

Act a brave work, call it thy last adventry. B. Jonson. Adventual (ad-vent'u-al), a. Relating to the season of advent. Bp. Sanderson. Adventure (ad-ven'tūr), n. [O. Fr. adventure, aventure, Fr. aventure, Sp. Pr. aventura, It. avventura, L.L. adventura, aventura, from L. aventurus, about to arrive, fut. part. of advenio, adventum, to arrive. (See ADVENT.) The same word appears in G. as abenteur, M.H.G. aventiure.] 1. Hazard; risk; chance. At all adventures' (that is, at all hazards). Shak. To try the fair adventure of to-morrow." Shak. 2. A hazardous enterprise; a bold and dangerous undertaking of uncertain issue. He forged,

But that was later, boyish histories Of battle, bold adventure, dungeon, wreck. Tennyson. 3. A speculation of any kind, commercial, financial, or mining; specifically, a speculation in goods sent abroad.-4. A remarkable occurrence in one's personal history; a note-worthy event or experience in one's life; as, to tell all his adventures would fill a volume.-5.† Peril; danger.

He was in great adventure of his life. Berners. -Bill of adventure, a writing signed by a merchant, stating that goods shipped in his name belong to another, the adventure or chance of which the person so named is to stand, with a covenant from the merchant to account to him for the produce. Adventure (ad-ven'tür), v. t. pret. & pp. adventured; ppr. adventuring. 1. To risk or