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DAKER

Daker, Dakir (da'ker, da'kir), n. [L. decuria,
from decem, ten.] A dicker; the number of
ten; a measure of certain commodities. See
DICKER.
The corncrake

Daker-hen (da'kér-hen), n.
or landrail, a bird of the family Rallidae.

See CRAKE.

The system of rob

Dakoit (da-koit), n. [Bengalee dakhe, a robber.] One of a class of robbers in India who plunder in bands, but seldom take life. The term was also applied to the pirates who infested the rivers between Calcutta and Burhampore, but who are now suppressed by the improved system of river police. Dakoity (da-koit'i), n. bing in bands. Dal (dal), n. A sort of East Indian vetch. Dalai-lama (da-lila-ma), n. [Tibetan, the ocean-priest, or priest as wide as the ocean.] One of the two lama popes of Tibet and Mongolia (his fellow-pope being the Tesho-lama), each supreme in his own district. Although nominally co-equal in rank and authority, the dalai, from possessing a much larger territory, is in reality much the more powerful When he dies he is succeeded by a boy, generally of four or five years of age, into whom the soul of the deceased dalai is supposed to have entered. The dalai resides at Potala near Lassa, in Tibet.

D.

The dalai-lama, who is the high-priest also of the state, is chosen by the other lamas. Brougham Dalbergia (dal-bergi-a), n. [After Nicholas Dalberg, a Swedish botanist.] A large genus of fine tropical forest trees and climbing shrubs, nat. order Leguminosa, some species of which yield most excellent timber. latifolia (the black-wood, or East Indian rosewood) is a magnificent tree, furnishing one of the most valuable furniture woods. D. Sissoides, a smaller tree, yields a wood used at Madras for gun-carriages; and D. Sissoo gives a hard durable wood, called sissoo or sissum, which, besides its use in house-building, is much employed in India for railway-sleepers, crooked timbers and knees in ship-building.

Dale (dal), n. [A. Sax. dæl, a dale or valley;
Icel. Sw. Goth. &c. dal, G. thal, O. Fris. del,
a valley. Cog. W. and Armor. dól, a wind-
ing, dale. Dell is another form of this
word; the root may be in deal.] 1. A low
place between hills; a vale or valley. 'High
over hills, and low adown the dale. Spenser.
2. Naut. a trough or spout to carry off water,
usually named from the office it has to per-
form; as, a pump-dale, &c.
Dalesman (dálz'man), n. One living in a
dale or valley.

While the contest lay between the trimmers, headed by the Alomonida, and the dalesmen, headed by the patrician Lycurgus, Pisistratus, the chief of another great family, paid his court to the mountaineers. Brougham.

More specifically, a dweller in the dales of the English and Scottish borders.

Even after the accession of George the Third, the path over the fells from Borrowdale to Ravenglas was still a secret carefully kept by the dalesmen. Dalliance (dalli-ans), n. [See DALLY.] 1. The Macaulay. act of dallying; trifling or fondling; interchange of caresses.

Dares prefer the toils of Hercules
To dalliance, banquets, and ignoble ease.
Dryden.

2. Conjugal embraces; commerce of the

sexes.

Dear daughter, since thou claim'st me for thy sire,
And my fair son here show'st me, the dear pledge
Of dalliance had with thee in heaven. Milton.

3. Delay; procrastination.

Shak

My business cannot brook this dalliance. Dallier (dal'li-er), n. One who fondles; a trifler; as, a dallier with pleasant words. Dallop, Dollop (dallop, dollop), n. A hunch; a heap.

Dally (dal'li), v.i. pret. & pp. dallied; ppr. dallying. [The root appears to be that of O.H.G.dalen, dahlen, dallen, G. dialect, tallen, to speak or act childishly, to trifle, to toy; or perhaps that of E. doll.] 1. To waste time in effeminate or voluptuous pleasures: to trifle; to lose time in idleness and trifles; to amuse one's self with idle play; to linger; to delay.

It is madness to dally any longer.

Calamy.

661

Dally (dal'li), v.t. To delay; to defer; to put
off. [Rare.]

Not by the hazard of one set battle, but by dally-
ing off the time with often skirmishes. Knolles.

Of or per

Dalmahoy (dal'ma-hoi), n. A kind of bushy
bob-wig worn by tradesmen in the last
Dalmatian (dal-ma'shi-an), a.
century, especially by chemists.
taining to Dalmatia. - Dalmatian dog, a
variety of the canine race, known also by
the names of Danish, Spotted, or Coach Dog.
It is distinguished from all other varieties by
its numerous black spots. Its form is rather
elegant, partaking both of the hound and
pointer. It is kept chiefly as an appendage
to the carriage, and shows an instinctive
fondness for the stable.

Dalmatica, Dalmatic (dal-ma'ti-ka, dal-
ma'tik), n. The vestment used by the deacon
at mass, so called from first coming from Dal-
matia. It is worn also by bishops under the
chasuble, and from a very early period was
worn by the popes when officiating pontifi-
cally. Thus Jean Diacre makes mention of
the dalmatic of

St. Gregory the
Great. It con-
sists of a long
robe with lar-
ger and fuller
sleeves
the

than tunic,

which it re-
sembled in gen-
eral shape. The
sides are left
partially
closed, and the
vestment is oc-

un

casionally or

namented with orphreys and fringes. It has longitudinal stripes before and behind, these stripes originally being

of a black col- Dalmatica, Cathedral of Chartres
our, but in la-
(twelfth century).

ter times red.

A similar robe was worn by kings at high
solemnities, as at coronations, and continues
still to be worn by the sovereigns of Eng-
land on these occasions as a super-tunic
over the tunic surcoat.

Dalriad (dal'ri-ad), n. [Ir., one of the race
of Riada, or Caibre Righfada, 'Caibre of
the long arm,' a noted prince of the Scots in
Ireland in the third century.] One of a
tribe of the Scots in Ireland, which occupied
the southern part of the county of Antrim.
It is unknown when the first Dalriads passed
over into Scotland, but it is certain that
some of them went over in 506 led by Loarn,
Fergus, &c., and settled in the west of
Argyle, founding the kingdom of 'Dalriada
in Albany. The term was afterwards changed
for Scot.
Dalriadic (dal-ri-ad'ik), a. Of or pertaining
Dal segno (dal san'yo). [It., from the sign.]
to the Dalriads, or their country.
In music, a direction to go back to the sign
S and repeat from thence to the close.
Dalt (dalt), n. [Gael. dalta, a foster-child.]
A foster-child. [Scotch.]

It is false of thy father's child; false of thy mother's
son; falsest of my dalt.
Sir W. Scott.
[See below.]

Daltonian (dal-to'ni-an), n.
One affected by colour-blindness.
Daltonism (dal'ton-izm), n. [From Dalton,
the chemist, who suffered from this defect.]
Colour-blindness (which see).

Dam (dam), n. [A form of dame.] 1. A
female parent: used of beasts, particularly
of quadrupeds.-2. A human mother, in con-
tempt.

Faithless, forsworn, ne goddess was thy dam.
Surrey.
3. A crowned man in the game of draughts.
[Local.]

Dam (dam), n. [A. Sax. seems to possess only
the verb demman, to dam; the noun is seen
in Sw. and G. damm; Dan. and D dam, as in
Amsterdam, Rotterdam, &c.; Lith. tama, a
dam.] 1. A mole, bank, or mound of earth,
or any wall, or a frame of wood, raised to
obstruct a current of water, and to raise it,
for the purpose of driving mill-wheels, or
for other purposes; any work that stops and
confines water in a pond or basin, or causes
Shak it to rise.

'DallyShak

2. To toy and wanton, as man and woman;
to interchange caresses; to fondle.
ing with a brace of courtezans."
3. To sport; to play; to frolic.

Our aerie buildeth in the cedar's top,
And dallies with the wind.

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DAMASCUS

As when the sea breaks o'er its bounds,
And overflows the level grounds,
Those banks and dams, that like a screen
Did keep it out, now keep it in. Hudibras.
Dam (dam), v.t. pret. & pp. dammed; ppr.
2. The body of water so hemmed in. [Scotch.]
damming. [See the noun.] 1. To obstruct
or restrain the flow of, by a dam; to confine
by constructing a dam, as a stream of water:
often used with in, up.-2. To confine or
restrain; to shut up or in; to obstruct.

Abortive tears from their fair eyes out-flow'd,
And damm'd the lovely splendour of their sight.
Cowley.
-To dam out, to prevent from entering, as
Damage (dam'aj), n.
water, by means of a dam.

[0. Fr. damage; Fr. dommage; Pr. damnatge, from damnaticum, a supposed form from L. damnum, loss, injury. Perhaps from the same root as in Skr. dambh, to hurt, injure, deceive; but see DAMN.] 1. Any hurt, injury, or harm to one's estate; any loss of property sustained; any hindrance to the increase of property; or any obstruction to the success of an enterprise; any injury to person, character, or reputation.

To the utmost of our ability we ought to repair any damage we have done. Beattie.

2. In law, the value in money of what is lost; the estimated money equivalent for detriment or injury sustained; that which is given or adjudged to repair a loss. In this sense the word is generally used in the plural. In common law it is the province of a jury to assess damages.-3. The cost of anything. [Colloq.]

Many thanks, but I must pay the damage, and will thank you to tell me the amount of the engraving. Damage (dam'aj), v. t. pret. & pp. damaged; Byron. ppr. damaging. [See the noun.] To hurt or harm; to injure; to impair; to lessen the soundness, goodness, or value of.

He... came up to the English admiral and gave him a broadside, with which he killed many of his men and damaged the ship. Clarendon, Damage (dam'aj), v.i. To receive harm; to be injured or impaired in soundness or value; as, green corn will damage in a mow or stack.

Damageable (dam'aj-a-bl), a. 1. That may be injured or impaired; susceptible of damage; as, damageable goods. - 2. Hurtful; pernicious. [Rare.]

The other denied it, because it would be damage able and prejudicial to the Spaniard. Camden.

Damage-cleer (dam'aj-kler), n. [L. damna clericorum.] In law, a fee formerly paid in the Courts of Common Pleas, King's Bench, and Exchequer, in certain cases where damages were recovered in these courts. Damaged (dam'ajd); p. and a. Hurt; impaired; injured; as, damaged goods; a damaged reputation.

Damage-feasant (dam'aj-faz-ant), a. [Fr.
faisant, from faire, to do.] In law, doing
injury; trespassing, as cattle: applied to a
stranger's beasts found in another person's
ground without his leave or license, and
there doing damage, by feeding or other-
wise, to the grass, corn, wood, &c. In this
case the person damaged may distrain and
impound them, as well by night as in the
day.

Damajavag (da-ma-jä'vag), n. The name
given to a preparation of the chestnut-tree,
employed as a substitute for oak bark and
gall-nuts in tanning.
Daman (dam'an), n. A rabbit-like animal
of the genus Hyrax (H. syriacus), common
in Syria and Palestine, inhabiting clefts of
rocks. It is about 11 inches long and 10
inches high, and is supposed to be the sha-
phan or cony of Scripture. See HYRAX.
Damara (dam'ar-a), n. Same as Dammara
Damar (dam'är), n. Same as Dammar.
(in both its senses).

Damar-resin (dam'är-re-zn), n. Same as
Dammar-resin.
Damascene (dam'as-sen), a. Relating to
Damascus.

[graphic]

A

Damascene (dam'as-sen), n. [L. damascenus,
from Damascus.] A particular kind of
plum, now written Damson (which see).
Damascene (dam'as-sen), v.t. To damask;
Damascus Blade (dam-as'kus blád), n.
to damaskeen.
sword or scimitar presenting upon its sur-
face a variegated appearance of watering,
as white, silvery, or black veins, in fine
lines or fillets, fibrous, crossed, interlaced,
or parallel, &c., formerly brought from the
East, being fabricated chiefly at Damascus.
The excellent quality of these blades

, wig; wh, whig; zh, azure.-See KEY

DAMASK

Tennyson.

become proverbial, but blades of equal quality are now made in this country. Damask (dam'ask), n. [From Damascus, because silk damask was originally made there.] 1. The name given to all textile fabrics, of various materials, ornamented with raised figures of flowers, landscapes, and other forms not of geometrical regularity, being the richest species of ornamental weaving, tapestry excepted.-2. A pink colour, like that of the damask-rose. Damask (dam'ask), a. 1. Of or belonging to Damascus; manufactured at Damascus; resembling the products of Damascus. 2. Of the colour of the rose so called; pink. While dreaming on your damask cheek The dewy sister eyelids lay. -Damask steel, a fine steel from the Levant, chiefly from Damascus, used for sword and cutlass blades. Damask (dam'ask), v. t. 1. To form or imprint the figures of flowers upon, as upon cloth. 2. To variegate; to diversify. A bank damasked with flowers.' Milton.3. To adorn with figures, as steel-work. 'Mingled metal damask'd 'o'er with steel.' Dryden. See DAMASKEEN. Damasked (dam'askd), p. and a. In her. applied to the field or charge when covered over with small squares, in which is depicted a variety of figures; having a running ornament all over. Called also Diapered. Damaskeen (dam'ask-ên), v.t. [Fr. damasquiner. See DAMASK.] To ornament, as a metal, particularly iron and steel, with designs produced by inlaying or encrusting with another metal, as gold, silver, &c., by etching, and the like; to damask. Damaskin (dam'ask-in), n. A Damascus blade; a damaskeened blade. 'No old Toledo blades or damaskins.' Howell. Damask-plum (dam'ask-plum), n. A small plum, the damson.

Damask-rose (dam'ask-rōz), n. A pink species of rose, Rosa damascena, a native of Damascus, and brought thence. Damasse (dam-as), n. [Fr.] A kind of linen for table-cloths, napkins, &c., originating in Flanders in the fifteenth century, and woven in flowers, figures, &c., in imitation of damask.

Damassin (dam'as-sin), n. A kind of damask, with gold and silver flowers woven in the warp and woof.

Dambonite (dam'bon-it), n. [N'dambo, native name for the tree.] A white crystalline substance existing to the extent of 0.5 per cent. in caoutchouc obtained from an unknown tree growing near the Gaboon, in Africa. It is very readily soluble in water and in aqueous, but not in absolute, alcohol.

Dame (dām), n. [Fr. dame; Pr. dama, It. dama; from L. domina, a mistress, fem. of dominus, a lord; same root as E. tame.] 1. A mistress; a woman in authority; especially, a lady in rank or culture; more specifically, the wife of a knight or baronet. 'Sov'reign of creatures, universal dame.' Milton.

Not all these lords do vex me half so much As that proud dame, the lord protector's wife. Shak. 2. A woman in general; particularly, a woman of mature years. Shak.

One old dame

Came suddenly on the queen with the sharp news. Tennyson.

3. The mistress of an elementary school, especially when an old woman with but little education.

Like many others born in villages, he (Robert Hall) received his first regular instruction at a dame's school -that of Dame Scotton. Dr. O. Gregory.

Dameisel, Damoiseaut (dam'i-zel, dam'oi-zo), n. [O. Fr., from L. L. dominicellus, dim. of L. dominus, a lord. See DAME and DAMSEL.] The son of a king, prince, lord, or knight before he had entered on the order of knighthood. Written also Damoisel.

Dame's-violet, Dame-wort (dāmz'vi-ō-let, dam'wêrt), n. The popular names of Hesperis matronalis, nat. order Cruciferæ. It is an erect herb, with a perennial root; the stems, from 2 to 3 feet high, are few or solitary; and the leaves are serrate. Its flowers are pale, purplish, and sweet-scented, especially in the evening. It flowers in May and June, and grows in meadows and plantations, but is not a native of Britain, having merely escaped from cultivation. Damianist (da'mi-an-ist), n.

Eccles. one

of a sect founded by Damian, bishop of Alexandria, in the sixth century, who denied

662

any distinction in the Godhead, yet using the names of Father, Son, and Holy Spirit. Dammar (dam'mär), n. See DAMMARA. Dammara (dam'már-a),n. 1. A genus of trees, nat. order Coniferæ, from the other species of which they are distinguished by their large, lanceolated, leathery leaves, with numerous and nearly parallel veins, and by their seeds having a wing at one side instead of proceeding from the end. Dammara orientalis is a lofty tree, attaining on the mountains of Amboyna a height of from 80 to 100 feet. Its light timber is of little value, but it yields the well-known dammarresin. Another species is D. australis, the kauri- or cowrie-pine (which see). D. Moorii, a tree 40 feet high, is found in New Caledonia. D. obtusa, a large timber tree used in ship-building, is a native of the New Hebrides.-2. Dammar-resin (which see). See DAMMARDammarin (dam'mär-in), n.

RESIN.

Dammar-resin (dam'mär-re-zin), n. A gum or resin resembling copal, produced by various species of dammar. The East Indian or cat's-eye resin is got from the Dammara orientalis, and when mixed with powdered bamboo bark and a little chalk is used for caulking ships. Another variety, the cowrie or kauri gum, is obtained from the D. australis of New Zealand; it is colourless or pale yellow, hard and brittle, and has a faint odour and resinous taste. Both gums are used for colourless varnish, for which purpose they are dissolved in turpentine. Called also Dammara, Dammarin. Damn (dam), v. t. [L. damno, to condemn, from damnum, damage, a fine, penalty. Pott derives it from root da, as in dare, to give.] 1. In theol. to sentence to eternal torments in a future state; to consign to punishment in hell; to procure or cause to be eternally condemned.

He that believeth not shall be damned. Mark xvi. 16. That which he continues ignorant of, having done the utmost lying in his power that he might not be South. ignorant of it, shall not damn him.

[Used interjectionally, in a profane sense, as a term of execration.]-2. To condemn; to decide to be wrong or worthy of punishment; to censure; to reprobate.

He that doubteth is damned if he eat. Rom. xiv. 23. 3. To condemn; to decide to be bad, mean, or displeasing by open expression, as by hissing or other mark of disapprobation; as, to damn a play or a mean author.

For the great dons of wit, Phoebus gives them full privilege alone To damn all others, and cry up their own. Dryden. Damn (dam), n. The execration employed by those who use the verb profanely; a curse; an oath. Generally written Dn. Moore. Damnability (dam-na-bil'i-ti), n. Liability to damnation; state or quality of deserving damnation; damnableness.

Damnable (dam'na-bl), a. 1. That may be damned or condemned; deserving damnation.

A creature unprepared, unmeet for death;
And to transport him in the mind he is
Were damnable.

Shak.

2. Odious, detestable, or pernicious. [Low.] O thou damnable fellow! did not I pluck thee by the nose for thy speeches? Shak. Damnableness (dam'na-bl-nes), n. The state or quality of deserving damnation. Damnably (dam'na-bli), adv. 1. In a manner

to incur severe censure, condemnation, or punishment.-2. Odiously; detestably; sometimes excessively. [Low.]

The more sweets they bestowed upon them, the

more damnably their conserves stunk. Dennis.

Damnation (dam-na'shon), n. [L. damnatio, damnationis, from damno. See DAMN.] 1. Sentence or condemnation to punishment in the future state, or the state in which such punishment is undergone.

How can ye escape the damnation of hell?
Mat. xxiii. 33-

2. Eternal punishment in a future life. --3. A crime so great as to be worthy of eternal punishment; a detestable and horrid deed. [Rare and poetical.]

Besides, this Duncan

Hath borne his faculties so meek, hath been
So clear in his great office, that his virtues
Will plead like angels, trumpet-tongued, against
The deep damnation of his taking-off. Shak.

4. The act of damning or censuring by open expression, as by hissing or other mark of disapprobation; condemnation.

Don't lay the damnation of your play to my account. Fielding. Damnatory (dam'na-to-ri), a. Containing

DAMPER

a sentence of condemnation; condemning to damnation; condemnatory.

Boniface was in the power of a prince who made light of his damnatory invectives. Hallam. Damned (damd), p. and a. 1. Suffering punishment in hell, lost, consigned to perdition. -2. Hateful; detestable; abominable. [Low] What a damned epicurean rascal is this. Shak. Damnific (dam-nif'ik), a. [See DAMNIFY.} Procuring loss; mischievous. Damnification (dam'ni-fi-ká"shon), n. law, that which causes damage or loss. Damnify (dam'ni-fi), v.t. pret. & pp. damnified; ppr. damnifying. [L. damnificodamnum and facio.] To cause loss or damage to; to hurt in person, estate, or interest; to injure; to endamage; to impair. [Rare.]

In

They acknowledge the power of the Englishman's God... because they could never yet have power to damnify the English either in body or goods. Boyle. Damning (dam'ning; colloq. pron. dam'ing), a. That condemns or exposes to damnation; as, a damning sin. Damningness (dam'ning-nes), n. Tendency to bring damnation. The damningness of sin.' Hammond. Damoclean (da-mok-lē'an), a. Relating to Damocles, a flatterer, who, having extolled the happiness of Dionysius, Tyrant of Syracuse, was placed by the latter at a magnificent banquet, under a sword suspended over his head by a single hair. Hence, applied to any condition, especially one of eminence, threatened with extreme danger. Damoiselle, Damosel (da-mwa-zel', dam'ozel), n. [0. Fr.; Pr. and It. donzella, from L.L. dominicella, a dim. of domina, a mistress. See DAMSEL.] 1. A young unmarried lady; a damsel. Written also Damosella, Damoselle. [Obsolete or poetical.]

But damosella virgin, was this directed to you? Shak. 2. The wife of an esquire. Damouch (da-much), n. The Arab name for Nitraria tridentata, believed to be the lotus-tree of the ancients.

Damp (damp), a. [This word does not seem to occur in A. Sax., but is seen in Icel dampi, G. dampf, D. and Dan, damp, steam, vapour, fog, smoke; M.H.G. dimpfen, to smoke. Wedgwood connects it with dam] 1. Being in a state between dry and wet, moderately wet; moist; humid; as, a damp cloth; damp air; sometimes foggy; as, the atmosphere is damp. But it may be damp without visible vapour.

Wide anarchy of chaos damp and dark. Milton. 2. Dejected; sunk; depressed; chilled 'With looks down-cast and damp.' Milton. [Rare.]

Damp (damp), n. 1. Moist air; humidity: moisture; fog.

Night... with black air Accompanied, with damps and dreadful gloom. Milten

2. Dejection; depression of spirits; chill. A secret damp of grief comes o'er my soul. Addison, 3. A noxious exhalation issuing from the earth, and deleterious or fatal to animal life. Damps exist in wells which continue long covered and not used, and in mines and coal-pits; and sometimes they issue from the old lavas of volcanoes. These damps are distinguished by miners under the names of choke-damp, consisting chiefly of carbonic acid gas, which instantly suffocates, and firedamp, consisting chiefly of light carburetted hydrogen, so called from its tendency to explode. See FIREDAMP. 1. To moisten; to make Damp (damp), v.t. humid or moderately wet.-2. To chill, as ardour or liveliness; to deaden; to depress or deject; to abate; as, to damp the spirits, to damp the ardour of passion.

I do not mean to wake the gloomy form
Of superstition dressed in wisdom's garb
Akenside
To damp your tender hopes.

3. To weaken; to make dull; as, to damp sound. 4. To check or restrain, as action or vigour; to make languid; to discourage; as, to damp industry.

Usury dulls and damps all industries, improvements, and new inventions.

Bacon.

SYN. To depress, dispirit, deject, restrain. discourage, check.

Dampen (damp'en), v.t. To make damp or moist. W. Johnson.

Dampen (damp'en), v.i. To grow or become damp. Byron.

Damper (damp'èr), n. 1. He who or that which damps, chills, or discourages. [Colloq i This was rather a damper to my ardour a his behalf. T. J

DAMPISH

2. An iron plate sliding across a flue of a furnace, &c., so as to contract or altogether close the passage in order to check or regulate the draught of air. 3. A piece of movable mechanism in a pianoforte made of wood and covered with cloth, which, after the finger has left the key, immediately checks the vibration of the strings, thereby preventing that confusion of sound which would result were the vibrations allowed to continue; also, the mute of brass instruments, as the horn, &c. -4. A kind of bread-made simply of flour and water, in thick cakes, without fermentation, and baked on a flat stone.

Dampish (damp'ish), a. Moderately damp or moist.

Bob did look dampish, inasmuch as the rain was streaming from his neck, elbows, cuffs, skirts, and knees. Dickens.

Dampishly (damp'ish-li), adv. In a dampish

manner.

Dampishness (damp'ish-nes), n. A moderate degree of dampness or moistness; slight humidity.

Dam-plate (dam'plat), n. In a blast-furnace, the cast-iron plate which covers the damstone.

Dampne, tv.t. To condemn. Dampned for to die. Chaucer.

Dampness (damp'nes), n. Moisture; fogginess; moistness; moderate humidity; as, the dampness of the air, of the ground, or of a cloth.

Damp-off (damp'of), v.i. In hort, to ulcerate, as the stems of seedlings and other tender plants, in consequence of the soil and atmosphere in which they are vegetating being too damp or moist. Flower seedlings in stoves and hotbeds are especially liable to damp-off

Dampy (damp'i), a. 1. Somewhat damp;

moist. Dampy shade.' Drayton.--2. Dejected; sorrowful Dampy thoughts.' Hayward

Damsel (dam'zel), n. [Fr. demoiselle, O. Fr. damoiseelle; Prov. damisela and donzella, from L.L. dominicella, dim. of L. domina, also domna, a mistress. See DAME.] 1. A young man or woman of noble or gentle extraction; as, Damsel Pepin; Damsel Richard, prince of Wales.-2. A young unmarried

[blocks in formation]

Damson (dam'zn), n. [Contr. from damascene, the Damascus plum.] The fruit of Prunus communis, variety damascena, a small black, dark-bluish, purple, or yellow plum. The finest variety of this plum is the Shropshire damson, which is extensively multiplied in the nurseries by grafting. Damson-cheese (dam'zn-chez), n. A conserve of fresh damsons, pressed into the shape of a cheese.

Dam-stone (dam'ston), n. The retaining wall of the crucible at the bottom of a blastfurnace.

Dan (dan), n. [O. Fr. dan, dans, a master, from L. dominus. See DAME.] A title of honour equivalent to master, don, or sir; used by Chaucer, Shakspere, Prior, &c., but now met with only in poetry. Dan Cupid, giant-dwarf.' Shak 'Dan Chaucer, the first warbler.' Tennyson.

Dan (dan), n. In mining, a small truck or sledge used in mines to convey the coals to the pit-mouth.

Danæaceæ, Danæeæ (da-nē-a'sê-ê, da-në'. é-ė), n. pl. A sub-order of tropical ferns, with ringless spore-cases, buried in the fleshy substance of the under surface of the frond, and each opening at the top by a small round pore One species is used in the Sandwich Islands to perfume cocoanut oil, and the rhizome of another forms an article of diet there.

Danaite (da na-it), n. [After J. D. Dana, an American mineralogist.] A mineral composed of arsenic, sulphur, and iron, and sometimes containing also cobalt, found in New Hampshire in the United States. Dance (dans), v.i. [Fr danser; Sp. Pg. dansar from O. H. G. danson, to draw. The modern German form tanzen is from the Romance] 1. To leap or move with measured steps, regulated by a tune, sung or played on a musical instrument; to leap or step with graceful motions of the body, corresponding with the sound of the voice or of an instrument

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2. To leap and frisk about; to move nimbly Dandle (dan'dl), v.t. pret. & pp. dandled;

or up and down.

All my blood danced in me, and I knew
That I should light upon the Holy Grail. Tennyson.
-To dance upon nothing, to be hanged.
[Low.]

Dance (dans), v.t. To make to dance; to cause to move up and down, or back and forth; to dandle.

Thy grandsire loved thee well;

Many a time he danced thee on his knee. Shak -To dance attendance, to wait with obsequiousness; to strive to please and gain favour by assiduous attentions and officious civilities.

A man of his place, and so near our favour,
To dance attendance on their lordships' pleasure.
Shak

Dance (dans), n. 1. A leaping or stepping
with motions of the body adjusted to the
measure of a tune; a lively brisk exercise
or amusement, in which the movements of
the persons are regulated by art in figure,
and by the sound of instruments in mea-
sure. Tipsy dance and jollity.' Milton-
2. A tune by which dancing is regulated, as
the minuet, the waltz, the cotillon, &c.-
Dance of death, in allegorical painting and
sculp. a subject illustrative of the universal
power of death, in which a death or skele-
ton figures prominently: very frequently
met with in ancient buildings, stained glass,
and in the decoration of manuscripts.
Dance-music (dans'mu-
zik), n. Music specially
intended to be danced to.
Dancer (dans'èr), n.
One
Dancette, Dancy (dan-
who practises dancing.
set', dan'si), a. In her.
noting a line of division
of the same character as
indented, but larger, con-
sisting only of three teeth.
A fesse dancette has but

Dancette.

three indentations, unless otherwise described.

Dancette (dan-set), n. In arch. the chevron or zigzag moulding

n.

peculiar to Norman architecture. Dancing master (dans' ing-mas-tér), A teacher of dancing. Dancing-room (dans'ing-rom), n. A room for dancing a ball-room;

Dancette Moulding.

ppr. dandling. [Of same origin as G. tand, prattle, frivolity, tandeln, to toy, to trifle, to lounge, to dandle. Cog. Fr. dandiner, to jog: It. dandolare, to swing, to loiter.] 1. To shake or jolt on the knee, as an infant; to move up and down in the hand; literally, to amuse by play.

Then... ye shall be dandled on her knees. Is. lxvi. 12. 2. To fondle, amuse, or treat as a child; to pet.

They have put me in a silk gown and gaudy fool's Addison. cap; I am ashamed to be dandled thus.

3. To defer or protract by trifles.

They doe dandle their doings, and dalle in the service to them committed. Spenser.

4. To put off as with trifling excuses or by cajolery; to wheedle; to cajole.

King Henry's embassadors, having been dandled by the French during these delusive practices, returned without other fruit of their labours. Speed. Dandler (dan'dler), n. One who dandles or fondles.

Dandruff (dan'druf), n. [Probably Celtic; W. ton, skin, and drwg, bad.] A scurf which forms on the head, and comes off in small scales or particles.

Dandy (dan'di), n. [Possibly Fr. dandin, a ninny, akin to E. dandle. But it may be connected with dainty.] A man who pays excessive attention to dress; one who dresses with special finery; a fop; a coxcomb.

Your men of fashion, your Muscadins' of Paris, Disraeli. and your dandies of London. Dandy (dan'di), a. Finely or foppishly dressed; dainty; foppish; trim; gay.

He had not been seated there very long, before he felt an arm thrust under his, and a dandy little hand in a kid glove squeezing his arm. Thackeray. Dandy (dan'di), n. [Hind. daundee, a boatman, a rower, from daund, an oar.] A boatman of the Ganges. [Anglo-Indian.] Dandy (dan'di), n. Naut. a vessel rigged as a sloop, and having also a jigger-mast. Dandy, Dandy-roller (dan'di, dan'di-rōlér), n. A roller of woven wire, forming part of a paper-making machine, employed to press the liquid from the pulp, and to bar or stripe the paper.

Dandy-cock, Dandy-hen (dan'di-kok, dan'di-hen), n. A bantam fowl. [Local.] Dandyish (dan'di-ish), a. Like a dandy. Dandyism (dan'di-izm), n. The manners and dress of a dandy; foppishness.

I had a tinge of dandyism in my minority. Byron. Dandyize (dan'di-iz), v.i. To act or become like a dandy. [Rare.]

Dandyize (dan'di-iz), v.t. To form like a dandy; to dandify. [Rare.]

specifically, a public room, licensed for Dandyling (dan'di-ling), n. A little dandy:

music and dancing. Dandelion (dan'di-li-un), n. [Fr. dent de lion, lion's tooth.] A well-known plant, Taraxacum officinale, nat. order Compositæ, having a naked stalk with one large bright yellow flower, and a tapering milky perennial root. The root has been employed to adulterate coffee. It acts as an aperient and tonic, and is highly esteemed in affections of the liver. The seed of the plant is furnished with a white pappus, and is transported far and wide by the wind. The flowers open in the morning between five and six o'clock, and close between eight and nine in the evening. Hence this was one of the plants chosen by Linnæus for his floral clock.

Dander (dan'dèr), v.i. [Probably another form of dandle.] 1. To wander about aimlessly. [Provincial and Scotch. ]-2. To talk incoherently; to maunder. [Provincial.] Dander (dan'dër), n. [A corruption of dandruff (which see)] 1. Dandruff; scurf.2 Anger; passion. When his dander is up. Quart Rev. [Vulgar.] [It would almost seem that to dander must have been attributed the sense of scruff or back part of the neck as well as of scurf, and that it came to have the sense of anger from the idea of a boar's or dog's neck bristling with rage]

Dander (dan'dër), n. [Icel tendra, to kindle; tindra, to emit sparks. Akin tinder.] A cinder; specifically, in the plural, the refuse

of a furnace.

Dandify (dan'di-fi), v.t. To make or form like a dandy.

Dandiprat (dan'di-prat), n. [Dandy, a fop, and prat, probably for prate, or for brat.] 1. A little fellow; an urchin: a word of fondness or contempt. The smug dandiprat smells us out.' Massinger.-2. A small piece

a ridículous fop.

Dane (dán), n. A native or inhabitant of Denmark.

Danebrog, Dannebrog (dan'ē-brog), n. [In O. Dan. brog means cloth. Hence Danebrog is equal to the cloth or banner of the Danes.'] A Danish order of knighthood, said to have been instituted in 1219, and revived in 1693. The decorations consist of a cross of gold pattée, enamelled with white, and suspended by a white ribbon, embroidered with red.

Danegelt, Danegeld (dan'gelt, dan'geld), n. [Dane, and gelt, geld, money.] In Eng. hist. an annual tax formerly laid on the English nation for maintaining forces to oppose the Danes, or to furnish tribute to procure peace. It was at first one shilling, and ultimately seven, for every hide of land, except such as belonged to the church. When the Danes became masters of England the danegelt was a tax levied by the Danish princes on every hide of land owned by the Anglo-Saxons. Danewort (dan'wêrt), n. The popular name of Sambucus Ebulus, a species of elder, called dwarf elder or wall-wort.

Dang, Dung (dang, dung), pret. and pp. of ding. [Scotch.]

Dangt (dang), v.t. In Sc. ding.] To beat, with notion of overthrowing, or causing to descend; to throw or force down; to dash. Till she, o'ercome with anguish, shame, and rage, Danged down to hell her loathsome carriage. Marlowe. Danger (dán'jêr), n. [Fr. danger; O. Fr. dangier, dongier, a feudal term for right to woods and waters, which Littré refers to a fictive L. form dominiarium, from dominus, a lord; but which Wedgwood and others endeavour to trace from L. damnum, loss (through damnarium, domigerium, or simi

DANGER

lar forms), which in the middle ages was used in the sense of a legally imposed fine, and hence of the territory over which the right of a seignior to impose a fine extended, and then of any inclosed field, in all of which senses the word danger is found in old writers.] 1. Peril; risk; hazard; exposure to injury, loss, pain, or other evil; as, it is easy to boast of despising death when there is no danger.

Our craft is in danger to be set at naught. Acts xix. 27. 2. Power; jurisdiction; domain; as, to come within his danger.

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Chaucer.

And him alway such plentie send Of gold and silver for to spend Withouten lacking or daungere. So let your daunger sugred ben alite, That of his death ye be not all to wite. Chaucer. SYN. Peril, jeopardy, risk, hazard, insecurity, venture.

Dangert (dān'jêr), v. t. To put in hazard; to expose to loss or injury. Shak. Dangerfully (dan'jèr-ful-li), adv. In a manner to expose to danger; dangerously. [Rare.]

Dangerous (dān'jèr-us), a. 1. Perilous; hazardous; exposing to loss; unsafe; full of risk; as, a dangerous voyage; a dangerous experiment. The dangerous year.' Shak. It is dangerous to assert a negative. Macaulay. 2. Creating danger; causing risk of evil; as, a dangerous man; a dangerous conspiracy. 3. In danger, as from illness. [Colloq.] 4. Fearful of loss; niggardly; sparing.

Chaucer.

My lord to me is hard and dangerous. Chaucer. He was to sinful men not dispitous, Ne of his speche dangerous. SYN. Hazardous, perilous, unsafe, insecure. Dangerously (dan'jér-us-li), adv. With danger; with risk of evil; with exposure to injury or ruin; hazardously; perilously; as, to be dangerously sick; dangerously situated. Dangerousness (dán'jer-us-nes), n. Danger; hazard; peril; a state of being exposed to evil; as, the dangerousness of condition or disease.

Danger - signal (dán'jêr-sig-nal), n. The signal used on railways to indicate that there is some obstruction ahead, or some obstacle involving danger to an advancing train. Danger is indicated by certain positions of the movable arms of a semaphore during the day, and by a red lamp at night. When he gives up the profitable application of his time, it is then that, in railway language, the danger. Gladstone. signal is turned on."

Dangle (dang'gl), v.i. pret. & pp. dangled; ppr. dangling. (Cognate with Dan. dingle, Sw. and Icel. dingla, Sc. dingle, to swing. Akin dandle.] To hang loose, flowing, shaking, or waving; to hang and swing.

He'd rather on a gibbet dangle. Hudibras. -To dangle about, or after, to hang on with importunity; to be a humble officious follower of; to beset; as, to dangle about a woman; to dangle after a minister for fa

vours.

The Presbyterians, and other fanatics that dangle after them, are well inclined to pull down the present establishment. Swift.

Dangle (dang'gl), v.t. To carry suspended loosely, and with oscillatory motion; to cause to dangle; to swing.

Maud with her sweet purse-mouth, when my father dangled the grapes. Tennyson.

Dangler (dang'glèr), n. One who dangles or hangs about: said particularly of men who hang about women. Danglers at toilets.' Burke.

Danish (dan'ish), a. Belonging to the Danes or Denmark.

Danish (dan'ish), n. The language of the

Danes.

Daniskt (dan'isk), a. Danish. Spenser.
Dank (dangk), a. [Nasalized form allied to
dag, Sw. dagg, dew.] Damp; moist; humid.
My lips were wet, my throat was cold,
My garments all were dank. Coleridge.
Dank (dangk), n. 1. Moisture; humidity.
'The rawish dank of winter.' Marston.-
2. The watery element. [In both uses rare
or obsolete. }

Yet oft they quit
The dank, and, rising on stiff pinions, tour
The mid aerial sky.

Milton.

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Danubian (da-nub'i-an), a. Pertaining to or bordering on the river Danube; as, the Danubian Principalities.

Dap (dap), v.i. [Onomatopoetic.] To drop or let fall the bait gently into the water: an old angling word. Walton. Dapaticalt (da-pat'ik-al), a. [L. dapaticus, from daps, a feast.] Sumptuous in cheer. Dape (dap), v.i. Same as Dap (which see). Dapedium, Dapedius (da-pe'di-um, da-pe'di-us), n. [Gr. dapedon, a pavement.] A genus of fossil ganoid fishes of the lias. The surface of the scales resembles a tesselated pavement.

Daphnad (daf'nad), n. The name applied by Lindley to the Thymelaceæ. In bot. the term apDaphnal (daf'nal), a. plied by Lindley to the alliance comprising the daphnads and the laurels. See DAPHNE. Daphne (daf'në), n. [Gr., the laurel-tree.] 1. In myth. a nymph of Diana feigned to have been changed into a laurel.-2. In bot. a genus of thymelaceous plants, containing many species inhabiting the more temperate parts of Europe and Asia. Some of the species are cultivated in gardens for their beauty or fragrance, others are of medicinal importance, and a few are employed in the manufacture of hemp and paper. Two species are natives of Britain-D. Laureola (the spurge laurel), with evergreen leaves and green flowers in the axils of the leaves; and D. Mezereon (the mezereon), with very fragrant flowers, which appear before the deciduous leaves. Both species flower early in spring, and are found in woods and copses.

The water-flea, a genus of minute crustaceans belonging to the order Cladocera, division Branchiopoda. The best known species is the D. pulex, or 'branch-horned' water-flea, which is a favourite microscopic object. The head is prolonged into a snout, and is provided with a single, central, compound eye; it is also furnished with antenna which act as oars, propelling it through the water by a series of short springs or jerks. These animals are very abundant in many ponds and ditches; and as they assume a red colour in summer the swarms which abound in stagnant water impart to it the appearance of blood. Daphnidea, Daphniidae (daf-ni'dê-a, dafnii-dē), n. pl. A family of crustaceans, order Cladocera, of which the genus Daphnia is the type. See DAPHNIA. Daphnin, Daphnine (dafʼnin), n. (C31 H34 019 +4 HO.) The bitter principle of the Daphne alpina, discovered by Vauquelin. It is obtained in small crystals, hard, transparent, of a grayish colour and a bitter taste. Daphnomancy (daf'no-man-si), n. [Gr. daphne, a laurel, and manteia, divination.] Soothsaying by means of the laurel. Dapico (da-pë’kõ), n. The South American name for a species of caoutchouc obtained from the roots of Siphonia elastica. Dapifer (dap'i-fér), n. [L. dapes, feast, and fero, to bear.] One who brings meat to the table; a steward; a seneschal. Dapper (dap' pèr), a. [The same word as the D. dapper, Sw. and Dan. tapper, G. tapfer, brave. Cog. (Slav.) Bohem. dobry, good.] Small and active; nimble; brisk; lively; neat; pretty. A dapper little man.' Milton. The pert fairies and the dapper elves.' Milton. Dapper ditties... to feed youth's fancy. Spenser. Dapperling (dap'pèr-ling), n. A dwarf; a

Daphnia (daf'ni-a), n.

little fellow.

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DARE-DEVIL

Dapple (dap'pl), v. t. pret. & pp. dappled; ppr. dappling. To spot; to variegate with spots. The gentle day

Dapples the drowsy east with spots of gray. Shat. A surface dappled o'er with shadows flung Wordsworth. From many a brooding cloud. Dapple (dap'pl), n. A single spot on any dappled animal.

He has. as many eyes on his body as any gray mare hath dapples. Sidney Dapple-bay (dap'pl-bā), a. Of a bay colour, variegated by dapples, or spots of a different colour or shade.

Dappled (dap'pld), a. Spotted; variegated with spots of different colours or shades. "The dappled turf.'_Wordsworth. 'Dappled Flanders mares.' Pope. Dapple-gray (dap'pl-gra), a. Of a gray co

lour, variegated by spots of a different colour or shade. His steed was all dapple-gray."

Chaucer.

Dar (dar), n. [Fr. dard, a dart, and also the dace.] See DACE.

Darby (darbi), n. 1. A plasterer's tool, about 3 feet or 3 feet long and 7 inches broad, with two stout handles at the back, used for floating a ceiling. 2. pl. Handcuffs. 'Hark ye! Jem Clink will fetch you the darbies.' Sir W. Scott. [The phrase 'father Derbies bands' for handcuffs occurs in Gascoigne's Steel Glas, 1576. The origin is unknown.]

Darby and Joan (där-hi and jōn). A loving, old-fashioned, virtuous couple. (The names belong to a ballad said to have been written by Henry Woodfall, an apprentice of Darby, and the characters are John Darby, a printer of Bartholomew Close, who died in 1730, and his wife, who is described to be as chaste as a picture cut in alabaster '] You might have sat, like Darby and Joan, and flattered each other; and billed and cooed like a pair of pigeons on a perch. Thackeray.

Darbyites (dar'bi-its), n. pl. See PLYMOUTH BRETHREN.

ran.

Dare (dar), v.i. pret. dared or durst; pp dared; ppr. daring. [A. Sax. ic dear, I dare, he dear, he dare, we durran, we dare; ic dorste, I durst; Goth. daursan, O.H.G. turCog. Gr. tharsein, to be courageous; Skr. dharsh, to hold out, to have courage | To have courage for any purpose; to have strength of mind or hardihood to undertake anything; to be bold enough; not to be afraid; to venture; to be adventurous.

I dare do all that may become a man;
Who dares do more, is none.
Shak
Dare to be true. Nothing can need a ly.
Geo Herbert.

Dare (dar), v. t. pret. & pp. dared; ppr. daring. 1. To challenge; to provoke, to defy, as, to dare a man to fight.

Time, I dare thee to discover
Such a youth, and such a lover.

Pryden.

See

2. To venture on; to attempt to perform. But this thing dare not. Shak. Dare (dar), v. t. [Perhaps akin to daze, dazzle Comp. frore, frozen; gare, gaze; &c. GAZE. Wedgwood would not connect it with daze, but with the D. and L.G. bedaren, to become still or calm.] To stupefy by sudden terror; to terrify; to daunt.

For I have done those follies, those mad mischiefs, Would dare a woman. Beau, & FI --To dare larks, to catch larks by producing such terror that they dare not rise, as by means of a mirror or a piece of red cloth, or by walking round where they are crouching with a hawk on the fist, and then throwing a net over them.

All hush, all tremble, like a lark that's dared. Fanikat Daret (dar), v.i. To lie or squat close to the ground, like a frightened bird or hare; to look anxiously around, as such a lurking

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Sextus Pompeius hath given the dare to Casar. Dare (dár), n. [See DAR.] The dace (which see).

Dare-devil (dar'de-vil), n. A desperado. one who fears nothing and will attempt anything.

A humorous dare-devil-the very man
To suit my purpose.
Lord Lyttone

Dare-devil (darde-vil), a. Characteristic of or appropriate to a dare-devil; reckless, inconsiderately rash and venturesome.

I doubt if Rebecca, whom we have seen plously

DAREFUL

praying for consols, would have exchanged her poverty and the dare-devil excitement and chances of her life, for Osborne's money and the humdrum gloom which enveloped him, Thackeray. Darefult (dar'ful), a. Full of defiance. Shak.

Darer (dār′ēr), n. One who dares or defies;
a challenger. Beau. & Fl
Darg, Dargue (darg), n. [A contr. for day-
wark, that is, day-work.] A day's work; a
certain quantity of work. [Scotch.]
Darg (darg), v.i. To be employed at day-
work; as, What are you doing this year?'
I'm darging. [Scotch.]

Darger (därg'ér), n. A day-worker. [Scotch.]
Daric (da'rik), n. [Gr. dareikos, from Dareios,
Darius, from Pers. dara, a king.] In fumis.

Golden Daric, from British Museum.

(a) a gold coin of Darius the Mede, weigh-
ing about 129 grains, value about 258., and
bearing on one side the figure of an archer.
(b) A silver coin having the figure of an
archer, and thence called a daric. (e) Any
very pure gold coin.

Daring (daring), a. 1. Bold; courageous;
intrepid, fearless; adventurous; brave; stout.
Grieve not, O daring prince, that noble heart.
Pope.
To this day we may discern in many parts of our
financial and commercial systein the marks of that
vigorous intellect and daring spirit. Macaulay.
2. Audacious; impudent.

Is there none
Will tell the king I love him tho' so late?
Now-ere he goes to the great battle? none:
Myself must tell him in that purer life,
But now it were too daring.

Tennyson.

Daring (dar'ing), n. Boldness; adventurous

ness.

Fool

Daring-hardy (dár′ing-härd-i), a.
hardy; audacious. Shak.
Daringly (dar'ing-li), adv. Boldly; courage-
ously; fearlessly; impudently; defiantly.

Some of the great principles of religion are every day openly and daringly attacked from the press. Atterbury. Daringness (dar'ing-nes), n. Boldness; courageousness; audaciousness.

Dariole (da-ri-ōl), n. [Fr.] A little sweet cake baked with cream.

Dark (dark), a. (A. Sax. deorc. The word does not occur in the other Teutonic languages. Cog. perhaps Gael. and Ir. dorch, dark, black.] 1. Destitute of light; not radiating or reflecting light; obscure.

The sun to me is dark, And silent as the moon.

Milton.

2. Wholly or partially black; having the quality opposite to white; as, a dark colour or substance.

Byron.

Lovely in your strength, as is the light Of a dark eye in woman. 3. Gloomy; disheartening; not cheerful; having unfavourable prospects; as, a dark time in political affairs.

There is, in every true woman's heart, a spark of heavenly fire, which beams and blazes in the dark hour of adversity. Irving.

4. Obscure; concealed; secret; mysterious; not easily understood or explained; as, a dark saying; a dark passage in an author. What may seem dark at the first will afterward be found more plain. Hooker,

What is your dark meaning, mouse, of this light word? Shak

5. Not enlightened with knowledge; destitute of learning and science; rude; ignorant; as, a dark age.

The age wherein he liv'd was dark; but he
Could not want sense who taught the world to see.
Denham.

6. Wanting sight; blind.

Thou wretched daughter of a dark old man.
Dryden

7. Morally black; atrocious; wicked; sinister.

Fit vessel, fittest imp of fraud, in whom
To enter, and his dark suggestions hide. Milton.

8. Keeping designs concealed.

The dark unrelenting Tiberius.

Gibbon.

9. Destitute of spiritual enlightenment or means of grace.

'What did you mean,' said A to B, 'by telling me that was such a very dark village? I rode over there to-day, and found the street particularly broad

665

and cheerful, and there is not a tree in the place.'
'The gospel is not preached there,' was B's laconic
reply.
F. C. Hotten.

10. Not fair: said of the complexion.-
Dark horse, in horse-racing, a horse whose
capabilities are not generally known, or con-
cerning whose chances of success in a pend-
ing race little or no information is to be
had; hence, any competitor for a prize or
honours about whom nothing certain is
known.

Every now and then a dark horse is heard of, who is supposed to have done wonders at some obscure small college. Cambridge Sketches.

Dark (dark), n. 1. Darkness; obscurity; the -Dark-house,t a mad-house. Shak absence of light.

There was neither fire nor candle: she died in the dark. Dickens.

2. A dark hue; a dark spot; a dark part.
Some darks had been discovered. Shirley.
All the spirit deeply dawning in the dark of hazel
Tennyson.

eyes.

3. Secrecy; as, things done in the dark.4. Obscure condition or state; obscurity; a state of ignorance.

We are as much in the dark and as void of know-
ledge as before.
Locke.
Darkt (därk), v.t. To darken; to obscure.
That cloud of pride which oft doth dark

Her goodly light, with smiles she drives away.
Spenser.

Darken (därk'n), v.t. 1. To make dark or
black; to deprive of light; as, close the
shutters and darken the room.-2. To ob-
scure; to cloud.

They (the locusts) covered the face of the whole
earth, so that the land was darkened.
Ex. x. 15.

3. To make dim; to deprive of vision.
Let their eyes be darkened.

Rom. xi. 10.

4. To render gloomy. All joy is darkened.'
Is. xxiv. 11.-5. To deprive of intellectual
vision; to render ignorant or stupid.
Their foolish heart was 'darkened. Rom. i. 10.
His confidence seldom darkened his foresight.
Bacon.

6. To obscure; to perplex; to render less
clear or intelligible.

Who is this that darkeneth counsel by words without
knowledge!
Job xxxviii. 2.

7. To render less white or clear; to tan; as,
a burning sun darkens the complexion.
8. To sully; to make foul; to make less bright

or illustrious.

I must not think there are
Evils enough to darken all his goodness. Shak.
You are darkened in this action, sir,
Even by your own.
Shak.

Darken (därk'n), v. i. To grow dark or darker;
also, to grow less white or clear.

One who or that

Some little of this marvel he too saw
Returning o'er the plain that then began
To darken under Camelot. Tennyson.
Darkener (dark'n-ér), n.
which darkens.
Darkful+ (därk'ful), a. Full of darkness.
All thy body shall be darkful.' Wycliffe's
Bible, Luke xi. 34.
Darkish (dark'ish), a.

dark.

Dusky; somewhat

Darkle (därk'l), v.i. [From darkling.] To appear dark or show indistinctly.

To the right towers Arthur's lofty seat:... to the left darkles the castle. Darkling (därkʼling), adv. [Dark, and term. Blackwood's Mag. -ling, as in flatling.] In the dark; at night. 'As the wakeful bird sings darkling.' Milton. That though I wrestle darkling with the fiend, I shall o'ercome it. Darkly (därk'li), adv. In a dark manner; F. Baillie. obscurely; dimly; blindly; uncertainly; with imperfect light, clearness, or knowledge. What fame to future times conveys but darkly down. Dryden.

Darkness (därk'nes), n. The state or quality of being dark. More particularly, (a) the want of physical light; gloom; obscurity. Darkness was upon the face of the deep. Gen. i. 2. (b) State of being or acting in the dark, or in circumstances where light is excluded; privacy; secretness; secrecy.

What I tell you in darkness, that speak ye in light. Mat. x. 27. (e) State of being blind physically; hence, state of mental or intellectual blindness or obscurity, more especially in respect of religious and moral subjects. "Sons of dark

ness." Milton.

Men loved darkness rather than light, because their deeds were evil. Jn. iii. 19. Ring out the darkness of the land, Ring in the Christ that is to be. Tennyson.

DARRAIGN

(d) Condition of not presenting a clear prospect, view, or meaning to the mind; want of intelligibility; as, the darkness of a subject or discussion.-Darkness, Obscurity, Dimness. Darkness, the opposite of light, and indicating the complete absence of it, whether the light is physical or mental. Obscurity, the state of being overclouded or concealed through the intervention of something which obstructs the light, or the understanding; as, clouds produce an obscurity in the sky; the style of this author is full of obscurity. Dimness, indistinctness, through the intervention of an imperfectly transparent medium, or imperfection in the eye of the person looking: it is specifically applied to the sight itself; as, dimness of vision.

Darkness and light are both alike to thee.
Ps. cxxxix. 12.
They were now brought forth from obscurity to be
contemplated by artists with admiration and despair.
Macaulay.
Not with a total blindness but such a dimness
that they could not see anything distinctly. Patrick.
Darksome (därk'sum), a. Dark; gloomy;
obscure; as, a darksome house; a darksome
cloud.

Who hath not spent the darksome hours
Weeping and watching for the morrow,

He knows you not, ye unseen Powers. Carlyle.
Darky (dark'i), n. 1. A popular name for a
negro, from his dark complexion. -2. A
policeman's lantern; a bull's eye. Dickens.
Darling (darling), a. [A.Sax. deorling-deor,
[Slang.]
dear, and dim. term. ling.] Dearly beloved;
favourite; regarded with great kindness and
tenderness; as, a darling child. Some dar-
ling science. Watts. Darling sin.' Mac-
aulay.

Darling (därling), n. One much beloved; a favourite; as, that son was the darling of his father.

And can do nought but wail her darling's loss. Shak. Darlingtonia (där-ling-tō'ni-a), n. [From Dr. Darlington, an American botanist.] A remarkable genus of American pitcher-plants, nat. order Sarraceniacea. A single species is known from California. The leaves are long and trumpet-shaped, with a wing rising from one side of the mouth. The single flowers have whitish sepals and purple Darn (därn), v.t. [W. and Armor. darn, Ir. petals; the style is pentafid. darne, a piece, a patch.] To mend a rent or hole by imitating the texture of the cloth or stuff with yarn or thread and a needle; to sew together with yarn or thread. To darn up, to patch up; repair.

To darn up the rents of schism by calling a council.
Millon.

Darn (därn), n. A place mended by darning.
Darn (därn), v.t. To damn (when used as a
colloquial oath); as, darn that fellow; he is
a darned hard cuss. [United
States.]

Darn (därn,) v. t. or i. [A. Sax.
dearn, secret.] To hide.
[Scotch]

Darnel (dar'nel), n. [From the
fact that this plant is believed
to cause intoxication it is
called in Fr. ivraie, from ivre,
drunk, and Wedgwood accord-
ingly connects its English
name with Lith. durnas, fool-
ish,mad.] The popular name of
Lolium temulentum, the only
poisonous British grass. It
appears to be the infelix loli-
um of Virgil, and the tares of
Scripture. Its properties are
said to be narcotic and stupe-
fying, but recent researches
have cast some doubt on its re-
ported deleterious qualities.
Itis metwith in our corn-fields.
Darner (därn'ér), n. One who
Darnel (L. temu mends by darning.
lentum).

Darnex, Darnix (därn'eks, därn'iks), n. A coarse damask manufactured at Tournay (Dornick), for hangings, carpets, &c. Written also Darnic. 'With a fair darner carpet of my own.' Beau. & Fl. See DORNICK. Daroo-tree (da-rö'trē), n. The Ficus Sycomorus, or Egyptian sycamore. Darra (da'ra), n. Darraign, Darrain, Darreinet (da-ran'), Same as Durra. v.t. [Norm. daraigner, deraigner, L.L. deraisnare, contr. from derationare-de, and ratio, reason, and (in the Latin of the middle ages) a legal account of one's actions. 'From the arena of the forum the term was

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