Southern District of New-York, ss. L.S. BĚ IT REMEMBERED, That on the second day of June, A. D. 1825, in the forty-ninth year of the independence of the United States of America, Charles N. Baldwin, of the said District, hath deposited in this office the title of a book, the right whereof he claims as proprietor, in the words following, to wit: "A Universal Biographical Dictionary, containing the lives of the most celebrated characters of every age and nation, embracing Warriors, Heroes, Poets, Philosophers, Historians, Politicians, Statesmen, Lawyers, Physicians, Divines, Discoverers, Inventors, and generally, all such Individuals, as from the earliest periods of history to the present time, have been distinguished among mankind; to which is added, a Dictionary of the Principal Divinities and Heroes of Grecian and Roman Mythology; and a Biographical Dictionary of eminent Living Characters." In conformity to the Act of Congress of the United States, entitled, "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and And also to an Act entitled, proprietors of such copies, during the time therein mentioned." An Act, Supplementary to an Act, entitled, "An Act for the Encouragement of Learning, by securing the copies of Maps, Charts, and Books, to the authors and proprietors of such copies, during the times therein mentioned.' and extending the benefits thereof to the arts of designing, engraving, and etching historical and other prints." JAMES DILL, Clerk of the Southern District of New-York. ADVERTISEMENT. This work embraces every article in Lempriere, generally in an abridged form; it also contains many of the articles found in the Biographical works of Jones, Watkins, Allen, &c. not included in Lempriere; besides a few original notices, prepared for this work, and to be found in no other. The number of articles are, therefore, believed to be greater than in any other Biographical Dictionary, and though in most instances they are necessarily very concise, yet it has been the aim of the compilers to give ample details when the characters are particularly conspicuous, and in other cases, to embrace in few words the leading points of interest. It is acknowledged with pleasure, that great assistance has been derived, in the compilation, from Mr. E. Lord's correct and enlarged edition of Lempriere, lately published in New-York-a work which has laid the public under many obligations; particularly for the new matter which it brings forward. The excellent work of Allen has also been of great use in forming the present a idgment. 103 B3 1826. A BIOGRAPHICAL DICTIONARY. AA AA, Peter Vander, a bookseller of Leyden, who published a work in 66 vols. folio, entitled Galerie du Monde, &c. was living in 1729. AAGARD, Nicholas and Christian, brothers, born at Wiburg, in Denmark, the eldest, distinguished for the acuteness of his philosophical writings, died 1657; the other known for his poetical talents, died 1664. AALAM, an astrologer of the ninth century, at the court of Adado Daula. AALST, Everard, a dutch painter, whose pieces were highly valued, was born at Delft, 1602, and died in 1658. AARON, elder brother of Moses, of the tribe of Levi, born A. M. 2434; he was the friend and the assistant of Moses, was happily gifted with the powers of eloquence, and became the first high-priest among the Hebrews. He died in his 123d year. AB left behind him very accurate and judicious me- AARSENS, or AERSENS, Peter, called by AARTGEN, or AFRTGEN, a painter of merit, born at Leyden in 1498. It was a custom with this painter never to work on Mondays, AARON, Raschid, a caliph of the Abassides, but to devote that day with his disciples to the distinguished by his conquests and the eccentri-bottle. He used to stroll about the streets in the city of his character, died A. D. 809, in the 23d year of his reign. AARON, Schascou, a rabbi of Thessalonica, celebrated for his writings. AARON, a British saint, put to death with his brother Julius, during Dioclescian's persecution of the Christians. AARON, a presbyter and physician of Alexandria, in the eighth century; he wrote 30 books on medicine in the Syriac language, and is the first author who makes mention of the small pox and meazles, diseases which were introduced into Egypt from Arabia, about 640. AARON, Hariscon, a Caraite rabbi who was known as physician at Constantinople in 1294; and wrote a learned commentary on the pentateuch, Hebrew grammar, &c. AARON, Hacharon or Posterior, another learned Rabbi, born in 1346; he wrote on the law of Moses, the customs of his nation, and a treatise entitled the Garden of Eden. AARON, Isaac, an interpreter of languages at Constantinople under the Comeni. AARON, Ben Chaim, the chief of the Jewish Synagogue, at Fez and Morocco, in the beginning of the 17th century; he wrote commentaries on Joshua, the Law, the Prophets, &c. AARON, Ben-aser, a learned rabbi in the 5th century, to whom the invention of the Hebrew points and accents is attributed; he wrote a Hebrew grammar, printed 1515. AARON, a Levite of Barcelona, wrote 613 precepts on Moses, printed at Venice, 1523; he died 1292. night, playing on the German flute; and in one ABA, brother-in-law to Stephen, the first ABAFFI, Michael, son of a magistrate of Hermanstad, rose by his abilities and intrigues, to the sovereignty of Transylvania, in 1661. ABACA, or ABAKA, a king of Tartary, conquered Persia, and proved a powerful and formidable neighbour to the Christians at Jerusalem, died 1289," ABANO, vid. Apono. ABARIS, a Scythian philosopher, the history of whose adventures, mentioned by Herodotus and others, appears more fabulous than authentic. ABAS, Schah, seventh king of Persia, was brave and active; he took conjointly with the English forces, 1622, the Island of Ormus, which had been in the possession of the Portuguese 122 years; he died 1629 in the 44th year of his reign. ABAS, Schah, the great grandson of the preceding, succeeded his father in 1642, in his 13th year; he patronised the Christians, and was distinguished for his benevolence and liberality; he died Sept. 25, 1666. ABASSA, an officer who revolted against Mustapha I. emperor of the Turks, and afterwards was employed against the Poles, 1634, at the head of 60,000 men. The cowardice of his troops robbed him of a victory, and he was strangled by order of the Sultan. AARSENS, Francis, lord of Someldyck and Spyck, one of the greatest ministers for negotia- ABASSA, a sister of Aaron Raschid, whose tion that the United Provinces of Holland have hand was bestowed by her brother on Giafer; at any time possessed. He was the first person her husband was sacrificed by the tyrant, and ever recognised as Dutch ambassador by the she was reduced to poverty. French court: the first of three extraordinary ABASSON, an impostor, who, under the ambassadors sent to England in 1620; and the character of the grandson of Abas the great, obsecond in 1641, who were to treat about the mar-tained the patronage of the court of France and riage of prince William, son to the prince of of the grand seignior, by whose order he was at Orange. Aarsens died at an advanced age; helllast beheaded. ABATS, Andrew, a painter of fruit and still threw him into a deep melancholy; he over aflife, born at Naples, was employed by the kingerwards kept a monthly fast on Tuesday, the of Spain, and died in 1732. day on which this fatal mischance happened, ABAUZIT, Firmin, born at Uzes, 11th Nov. and settled an annuity of 201. on the widow. 1679, fled from the persecution which attended Worn out, however, with cares and infirmities, his parents on account of their profession of he died at Croydon, Aug. 5, 1633. protestantism, and retired to Geneva, became ABBOT, Maurice, youngest brother of the distinguished for his superior progress in every archbishop, acquired consequence in comn erbranch of polite learning, but particularly cial affairs, was employed in 1624 in establishmathematics and natural history; was flattereding the settlement of Virginia, and was the first by Voltaire, and complimented by Rousseau; person on whom Charles I. conferred the hohe died March 20, 1767. nour of knighthood. He was elected represen ABBADIE, James, an eminent Protestant di-tative for London, and in 1638 was raised to the vine, and dean of Rilaloe, born at Nay, in Berne, mayoralty of the city, and died Jan. 10th, 16-40. in the year 1654 (or, according to some accounts, ABBOT, Robert, D. D. eldest brother of the in 1658,) died in the parish of Mary-la-bonne, two preceding; he was born at Guildford, was in London, 1727. The chief of this author's educated at Baliol college, and elected master works was, "Traité de la Verité de la Religion thereof, 1609. His eloquence as a preacher reChrétienne; Rotterdam, 1684." This has gone commended him to further patronage; he was through several editions, and is perhaps the best appointed chaplain to the king, and regius probook ever published on that subject. fessor of divinity at Oxford. He was conseABAS, Halli, a physician, and one of the crated bishop of Salisbury, 1615, and died Mar. Persian magi, who followed the doctrines of 2, 1617, in his 58th year. His writings were Zoroaster he wrote A. D. 980, a book called principally controvrsial. a royal work, which was translated into Latin ABBT, Thomas, the German translator of by Stephen of Antioch, 1127, and is now extant. Sallust, and the admired author of a treatise ABBAS, the uncle of Mahomet, opposed the " On merit," and of another, "Of dying for one's ambitious views of the impostor; but when de-country," was born at Ulm, and died at Buckefeated in the battle of Bedr, was reconciled to berg, 1766, aged 28. his nephew, embraced his religion, and thanked ABDALCADER, a Persian who was greatly heaven for the prosperity and the grace he en-revered by the mussulmans for his learning, his joyed as a mussulman. He died in the 32d year piety, and the sanctity of his manners. of the hegira. ABBASSA, vid. Abassa. ABBATEGIO, Marian d', an ecclesiastic of the 14th century, who rose by his abilities to be governor of Aquila. ABBATISSA, Paul, a famous Sicilian poet, born at Messina, 1570. He translated into Italian verse Homer's Iliad and Odyssey, and Ovid's Metamorphoses. ABBIATI, Philip, a historical painter, born at Milan 1640, died 1715. ABDALLAH, father of Mahomet, was a slave, and a driver of camels. ABDALLAH, son of Zobair, was proclaimed caliph of Mecca and Medina, after the expulsion of Yesid. After enjoying the sovereignty for four years, he was besieged in Mecca, by the successor of Yesid in Syria, and sacrificed to the ambition of his rival, 733. ABDALLAH, son of Yesid, celebrated as a mussulman lawyer in the 7th century. ABDALLAH, son of Abbas, endeavoured to raise his family on the ruins of the Onimiades; he was defeated by his rivals, who, afterwards, pretending to be reconciled, perfidiously mur ABBON, a monk of St. Germain des Près, who was present at the siege of Paris by the Normans, at the close of the 9th century; he wrote an account of this event in 1200 verses,dered him, 754. in execrable Latin, which was edited by Duplessis, 1753. ABDALMALEK, son of Marvan, was 5th caliph of the Ommiades, and began to reign, 685. ABBON, de Fleury, an ecclesiastic of Or- He was called Abulzebab, because bis breath leans, who became abbot of Fleury, supported was so offensive that it killed the very flies that the rights of the monastic order against the in-settled on his lips; he reigned 21 years, and was trusions of the bishops. He was killed in a quarrel between the French and Gascons, 1004. ABBOT, Hull, a respectable minister of Charlestown, Massachusetts, published several sermons, died 1782, aged 80. succeeded by Valid, the eldest of his 16 sons. ABDALMALEK, the last of the caliphs of the race of the Samanides, was dethroned and murdered by Mahmoud, 999. ABDALRAHMAN, or ABDERAMES, vid. Abderames. ABDAS, a bishop in Persia, who, by inconsiderately abolishing a Pagan temple of the sun, excited the public indignation against himself and his religion. ABDEMELEK, king of Fez and Morocco, was dethroned by his nephew, Mahomet; but by the assistance of troops, sent him by the sultan Selim, defeated Sebastian, king of Portugal, who had landed in Africa to support the usurper. The two African monarchs and Sebastian fell on the field, 1578. ABBOT, George, archbishop of Canterbury, born 1562, at Guildford, in Surry. In 1604 that translation of the Bible now in use was begun by the direction of king James, and Dr. Abbot was the second of eight divines of Oxford, to whom the care of translating the whole New Testament (excepting the Epistles) was committed. On April 5, 1619, Sir Nicholas Kempe laid the first stone of the hospital at Guildford. The archbishop, who was present, afterwards endowed it with lands to the value of 3001. per ann. The archbishop, being in a declining state of health, used in the summer to go to Hamp- ABDERAMES, a caliph of the race of Omshire for the sake of recreation; and being in miades, was invited into Spain by the Saracens. vited by lord Zouch to hunt in his park at Bran-He assumed the title of king of Corduba, and zill, he met there with the greatest misfortune the surname of just; he died, 790, after reigning that ever befell him; for he accidentally killed 32 years. his lordship's keeper, by an arrow from a cross- ABDERAMES, a Saracen general of the cabow, which he shot at a deer. This accident hiph Heschain, who, after conquering Spain, 732. penetrated into Aquitain and Poitou, and was at infamous treatment forced Abelard to a cloister, last defeated by Charles Martel, near Poitiers, to conceal his confusion, and he put on the habit in the abbey of St. Denis. He afterwards reABDERAMES, a petty prince, in the kingdom | tired to a solitude in the diocese of Troyes, and of Morocco. He murdered Amadin, his prede- there built an oratory, which he named the cessor and nephew, and was himself assassi-Paraclete, where great numbers of pupils renated by a chieftain, 1505. sorted to him. Here again his success excited ABDIAS, a native of Babylon, who pretend that envy by which he had through life been ed to be one of the 72 disciples of our Saviour, persecuted; and having been several times in wrote a legendary treatise, called Historia certa- danger of his life, by poison and other artifices, menis Apostolici, which was edited aud trans-he was at length received by Peter the Venerable lated into Latin, by Wolfgang Lazius, Basil, 1571. ABDISSI, a patriarch of Assyria, who paid homage to Pope Pius IV. 1562, and extended the power of the Romish church in the East. ABDOLONYMUS, a Sidonian of the royal family, placed on the throne by Alexander the Great. ABDON, a Persian, who suffered martyrdom under the persecution of Decius, 250. into his abbey of Clugni, in which sanctuary Abelard was treated with the utmost humanity and tenderness. At length, having become infirin from the prevalence of the scurvy and other disorders, he was removed to the prior of St. Marcellus, on the Saon, near Chalons, where he died, April 21, 1142, in the 63d year of his age. His corpse was sent to Heloise, who deposited it in the Paraclete. ABELL, John, an English musician in the ABDULMUMEN, a man of obscure origin, chapel royal of Charles II. celebrated for a fine seized the crown of Morocco, his death put a counter-tenor voice, and for his skill on the lute. stop to his meditated invasion of Spain, 1156. He continued in the chapel till the RevoluABEILLE, Gaspard, a native of Riez, intion, when he was discharged as being a Papist. Provence, born 1648, died at Paris, 1718. Upon this he went abroad, and at Warsaw met ABEILLE, Scipio, brother of the preceding, with a very extraordinary adventure. He was surgeon in the regiment of Picardy, died 1697. sent for to court; but evading to go by some ABEL, second son of Adam, was cruelly slight excuse, was commanded to attend. At murdered by his brother Cain. the palace, he was seated in a chair in the midABEL, king of Denmark, son of Valdimar,dle of a spacious hall, and suddenly drawn up to II. usurped the throne 1250, and was killed in a great height, when the king, with his attendbattle two years after. ants, appeared in a gallery opposite to him. At ABEL, Frederick Gottfried, a native of Hal-the same instant number of wild bears were berstadt, abandoned divinity for the pursuit of medicine; he died 1794, aged 80. turned in, when the king bid him choose, whether he would sing, or be let down among the bears. Ahell chose the former, and declared afterwards, that he never sung so well in his life ABELLA, a female writer born at Salerne, in the reign of Charles of Anjou. ABEL, Charles Frederic, whose great musical ability, both as composer and performer, was an honour to the age in which he lived. His instrumental performance, particularly on the Viol di Gamba, was much distinguished for its elegance and fine feeling. He died, at London, after three days' sleep, on the 20th of June, 1787. ABELA, John Francis, a commander of the ABENDANA, Jacob, a Spanish Jew, who order of Malta, known by an excellent work||died 1685, prefect of the Synagogue in London. called "Malta illustrata," in fol. 1647. ABELLI, Lewis, a native of Vexin Francois, who was made Bishop of Rhodes, died at Paris 1691, in his 88th year. valued. ABENGNEFIL, an Arabian physician, of the 12th century. ABENMELÉK, a learned rabbi, who wrote, in Hebrew, a commentary on the Bible; it was published at Amsterdam, 1661, in folio. ABERCROMBIE, James, a major general in the British army in Canada, in 1756: he displayed a want of talents, and was superseded by general Amherst. ABENEZRA, Abraham, a Spanish rabbi, surABELARD, Peter, one of the most celebrated named the wise, great, and admirable, died 1174, doctors of the 12th century, was born in the vil-aged about 75. His commentaries are highly lage of Palais, in Brittany. That he might enjoy all the sweets of life, he thought it necessary to have a mistress, and accordingly fixed his affections on Heloise, a niece of a canon at Paris. He boarded in this canon's house, whose name was Fulbert; where, pretending to teach the young lady the sciences, he soon made love to his scholar. Abelard now performed his public functions very coldly, and wrote nothing but amorous verses. Heloise, at length, being likely to become a mother, Abelard sent her to a sister ABERCROMBIE, John, a horticultural writer of his in Brittany, where she was delivered of all of much note. His first work was published un To soften the canon's anger, he offered to der the title of " Mawe's Gardener's Calendar ;** marry Heloise privately; Fulbert, however, was the flattering reception of which led him to better pleased with this proposal than his niece, pursue his literary labours on professional subwho, from a strange singularity in her passion,jects, to which he prefixed his own name. chose rather to be the mistress than the wife of died at Somers' Town, in 1806, in the 80th year Abelard. At length, however, she consented to of his age. a private marriage; but, even after this, would ABERCROMBY, Sir Ralph, a brave British on some occasions affirm with an oath, that she general, born in Scotland 1743, received his was still unmarried. Her husband thereupon death-wound (like Wolfe) in the moment of a sent her to the monastery of Argenteuil; where, great victory over the French, within four miles at his desire, she put on a religious habit, but not of Alexandria, in Egypt, March 21, 1801, and the veil. Heloise's relations, looking upon this as died on the 28th of the some month. a second piece of treachery in Abelard, were ABERCROMBY, Thomas, M. D. a native of transported to such a degree of resentment, that Forfar, became physician to James II. by re they hired ruffians, who foreing into his cham-nouncing the protestant religion; he died 1728, ber by night, deprived him of its manhood. This laged 70. son. He ABERNETHY, John, an eminent dissenting minister, born at Coleraine, in Ireland, 1680; died at Dublin 1740. His best esteemed works are a set of sermons on the "Divine and Moral Attributes." ABGARUS, a king of Edessa, famous for the letter which he is said to have sent to our Saviour, and for the answer he received. ABGILLUS, son of the king of the Frisii, surnamed Prester John, was in the Holy land with Charlemagne. ABIATHAR, son of Abimelech, was the high priest of the Jews, and the friend and fellow sufferer of David. bellion against his father, and was slain by Joab about 1030, B. C. ABSALOM, archbishop of Lunden, in Denmark, minister and friend of Waldemir, displayed his abilities in the cabinet, in the field, and in the fleet, was humane and benevolent; he died universally regretted, 1202. ABSTEMIOUS, Laurentius, an Italian writer, born at Macerata, in La Marca de Ancona, who devoted himself early to the study of polite literature. He published, under the pontiticate of Alexander VI. a treatise, entitled "Hecatomythium," from its containing 100 fables, which have been often printed with those of ABIGAIL, wife of Nabal, married to David Æsop, Phædrus, Gabrius, Avienus, &c. after Nabal's death, 1057, B. C. ABUBEKER, father-in-law of Mahomet, was ABIJAH, son of Rehoboam, was king of Ju-elected his successor. After a reign of 2 years dah after his father, 958, B. C. and 6 months, he expired in the 63d year of his ABIOSI, John, an Italian physician and as-age. tronomer, in the beginning of the 16th century. ABLANCOURT, vid. Perrot. ABLE, or ABEL, Thomas, a chaplain at the court of Henry VIII., was executed July 30, 1540. ABNER, son of Ner, was Saul's uncle, and his faithful general, and was perfidiously slain by Joab, 1048, B. C. ABUCARA, Theodore, the metropolitan of Caria, obtained a seat in the synod held at Constantinople, 869; he wrote treatises against the Jews and Mahometans, which have been pub lished. ABUDHAHER, the father of the Carmatians, in Arabia, opposed the religion of Mahomet, plundered the temple of Mecca, and died in posABULFARAGIUS, Gregory, son of Aaron, ABOUBEKER, vid. Abubeker. ABOUGEHEL, one of the enemies of Ma-session of his extensive dominions, 953. homet and his religion. ABOUHANIFAH, surnamed Alnooman, aa physician, born in 1226, in the city of Malatia, celebrated doctor among the mussulmans, born in the 80th year of the hegira. near the source of the Euphrates in Armenia. He wrote in Arabic, a history which does hoap-nour to his memory; it is divided into dynasties consists of ten parts, and is an epitome of uni versal history, from the creation of the world to his own time. ABOU-JOSEPH, a learned mussulman, pointed supreme judge of Bagdat by the caliphs Hadi and Aaron Raschid. ABOULAINA, a mussulman doctor, celebrated for his wit. ABULFEDA, Ismael, prince of Hamah, in ABOU-LOLA, an Arabian poet, born at Ma-Syria, but better known as author of Tables ora in 973, became a brahmin, and died 1057. of Geography of the regions beyond the river ABOU-NAVAS, an Arabian poet, whose Oxus. He began his reign in the 743d year of merit was protected and encouraged at the court the hegira, and ended it three years afterwards, of Aaron Raschid. aged 72. ABOU-RIHAN, a geographer and astronomer, who employed 40 years of his life in travelling through India. ABULGASI-BAYATUR, khan of the Tartars, reigned 20 years, respected at home and abroad, resigned the sovereignty to his son, ABRABANEL, Isaac, a Jew of Lisbon, em-wrote the only Tartar history known in Europe; ployed in offices of importance, by Aphonso V. of Portugal, fled into Spain, and from thence to Naples, then to Corfu, and at last to Venice, where he died, 1508, in his 71st year. ABRAHAM, the patriarch, was born at Ur, in Chaldea, A. M. 2004; he died in his 175th year. ABRAHAM, Nicholas, a learned Jesuit in Lorraine, was 17 years divinity professor at Pont a Mousson, where he died, Sept. 7, 1655, in his 66th year. ABRAHAM, Ben-choila, a Spanish rabbi, skilled in astrology, prophesied that the coming of the Messiah would be in 1358. Died, 1303. ABRAHAM, Usque, a Jew of Portugal. He undertook, with Tobias Athias, to translate the bible into Spanish, in the 16th century. he died 1663. ABULOLA, vid. Aboulola. ABU-MESLEM, a mussulman governor of Khorasan, who, in 746, transferred the dignity of caliph from the family of the Ommiades to that of the Abbassides, by which he occasioned the death of 600,000 men. He was thrown into the Tigris, 754. ABUNDIUS, a bishop of Come, in Italy, who assisted at the council of Constantinople, as the representative of Leo, and died, 469. ABUNOWAS, an Arabian poet, deservedly patronized by Aaron Raschid, died 810. ABU-OBEIDAH, a friend and associate of Mahomet, extended his conquests over Palestine land Syria, and died 639. ABU-SAID-EBN-ALJAPTU, a sultan, the ABRAHAM, an emperor of the Moors of Afri-ast of the family of Zingis-khan, died 1335. ca, in the 12th century, was dethroned by his ABUSAID-MIRZA, a man of enterprise, who subjects, and his crown usurped by Abdulmumen. placed himself at the head of an army, and deABROSI, John, an Italian physician. Heclared himself independent; he was killed in an wrote a dialogue on astrology, 4to. Venice, 1494. ambush, 1468, aged 42 ABRUZZO, Balthasar, a Sicilian, known for his abilities as a philosopher and a civilian, died, 1665, aged 64. ABRUZZO, Peter, a Neapolitan architect in the 17th century. ABUTEMAN, a poet in high repute among the Arabians, born a Yasem, between Damascus and Tiberias, about 846. ABYDENE, wrote a history of Chaldea and Assyria, of which valuable composition only a ABSALOM, son of king David, distinguished few fragments have been preserved by Eusebius, for his personal acquirements, his popularity, ACACIUS, surnamed Luscus, founder of the and his vices, murdered his brother, headed a re-llsect of the Acaciani, died, 365. |