Note.-A word having been analyzed according to one of these models, analyze each syllable according to the preceding models. In separating a word into syllables, divide it as it is pronounced. In writing, never divide a syllable at the end of a line. Each line should end with a word or an entire syllable.

Analyze the following words:

Sand, lead, sack; unction, famous, greatly; endeavor, infamous, candidly; unpopular, information, gratuitous; domestication, interrogation, incredulity; incomprehensible, indefensibleness; incompatibility, incompassionately.

Write each of these words on your slates, and divide them into syllables, marking the accented syllables.

Correct the accent in the following words:

Advertisement, prima'ry, contra'ry, legislature, lament' able, secondary, infa'mous, armis'tice, admi'rable, interest'ing.

Change the accent of the following words to the second syllable, and give the meaning of each word before and after the change:

In'sult, fer'ment, reb'el, rec'ord, pre'lude, con'jure, en'trance, es'cort, in'crease, in'valid, ob'ject, in'cense, es'say.

18. CLASSES.

1. Words are either Primitive or Derivative.

2. A Primitive or Radical word is one in no way derived from another in the same language; as, mind, faith.

3. A Derivative word is one formed by joining to a primitive some letter or syllable to modify its meaning; as, re-mind, faith-ful.

4. A Compound word is one formed by uniting two or more primitive or derivative words; as, man-worship, Anglo-Saxon.

5. A Prefix is that part of a derivative word which is placed before the radical; as, re-call, sub-join.

6. A Suffix is that part of a derivative word which is placed after the radical; as, faith-ful, change-able.

7. Prefixes and suffixes are called Affixes.

Note. The meaning and use of affixes should be learned from some work prepared for that purpose.-See De Wolf's Instructive Speller and Hand-Book of Derivative Words, and Harvey's Graded School Speller.

PART II.

ETYMOLOGY.

19. PARTS OF SPEECH.

1. Etymology treats of the classification, derivation, and properties of words.

2. With reference to meaning and use, words are divided into nine classes, called Parts of Speech.

In the sentence, "The man gave the boy a book, a sled, and a knife," the words man, boy, book, sled, and knife are names of objects. They are called Nouns, which means names. All words used as the names of objects are Nouns.

3. A Noun is a name; as, bird, Mary, light.

Point out the nouns in the following sentences:

1. The horses are in the pasture. 2. A needle has a sharp point. 3. The clouds rested on the summit of the mountain. 4. The boys got into the boat, and rowed into the middle of the stream. 5. The king was overtaken by a shower a short distance from the avenue that surrounded the city. 6. Henry and Oliver are living with Mr. Fields, their uncle. 7. Cease from anger, and forsake wrath.

In the sentence, "There are two sweet apples on that plate," sweet denotes that the apples possess a certain quality, that of being sweet; two denotes the number of apples; and that is used to designate, or point out, the plate on which the apples are. These words are called Adjectives, and they are said to describe or define the nouns which follow them.

H. G.-3.

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4. An Adjective is a word used to describe or define a noun; as, small birds, four boys, that fox.

Point out the nouns and adjectives in the following sentences:

1. A poor cripple lives in that cottage. 2. Those pupils are very studious. 3. Each soldier drew his battle blade. 4. Furious storms sweep over these lovely isles. 5. Seven vessels were wrecked in the late storm. 6. There are twenty dimes in two dollars. 7. The dry, hot air was still and oppressive.

In the sentence, "I gave him my book, and he studied his lesson," I and my are used instead of the name of the person speaking, and him, his, and he, instead of the name of the one to whom the book was given. In the sentence, "Who has the book which you were reading?" who is used instead of the name of the person inquired for; which, instead of the word book; and you, instead of the name of the person addressed. Each of these words is called a Pronoun, which means instead of a noun.

5. A Pronoun is a word used instead of a noun; as, "He is my uncle," "Who came with you?"

Point out the nouns, adjectives, and prononns in the following sen

tences:

1. I do not know where you live. 2. Who gave her that pencil? 3. She came from home an hour ago. 4. What have you there, my son? 5. Their house is much larger than our uncle's. 6. Your father is her mother's brother. 7. Whose farm is for sale in your neighborhood?

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In the sentence, Horses run," run expresses action: in the sentence, "I am," am expresses being in the sentence, "The boy sleeps," sleeps expresses state or condition. These words are used to affirm action, being, or state of their subjects. They are called Verbs. Verbs may also express action, being, or state without affirming it; as, to run, to be, to sleep.

6. A Verb is a word which expresses action, being, or state; as, Mary plays, I am, the house stands.

Point out the nouns, pronouns, and verbs in the following sentences : 1. The farmer plows in the spring and fall. 2. Their father gave them money. 3. The great tears sprang to their eyes. 4. They followed the cattle home. 5. The landlord answered his question. 6. He ordered him to go. 7. The pupils who had passed a good examination, went home with joyful hearts.

In the sentence, "I saw a boy writing with a pencil," writing denotes what the boy was doing, but it does not affirm any thing of the boy. It modifies boy, like an adjective. In the sentence, "I saw a letter, written by a boy," written is used as a modifier of letter. Both of these words are derived from the verb to write, and each of them modifies a noun. They partake, therefore, of the properties of the verb and the adjective; i. e., they express action, and they modify nouns. Such words are called Participles, which means partaking of. Some participles partake of the properties of the verb and the noun.

7. A Participle is a word derived from a verb, and partakes of the properties of a verb and of an adjective or a noun; as, "I saw a bird flying;" "A letter, written in haste."

Point out the participles in the following sentences:

1. A light was seen, shining from afar. 2. He sent me a shell, picked up on the sea-shore. 3. A deer was killed by a man, running at full speed. 4. The house struck by lightning belonged to Mr. Ellis. 5. The letter, folded neatly, was put into an envelope. 6. My photograph, taken twenty years ago, has been lost. 7. The enemy, driven from the field, rallied at the fort.

In the sentence, "The man then drove very rapidly over the bridge," then and rapidly modify drove-then denoting the time, and rapidly the manner of driving. Very modifies rapidly by denoting the degree of rapidity with which the man drove. These words, and all words used in a similar manner, are called Adverbs. Adverbs may also modify adjectives and participles.