SODER Sodert (so'der), n. Solder. Sodium (so'di-um), n. [See SODA.] Sym. Na (from Natrium). At. wt. 23. The metal of which soda is the oxide, discovered by Davy in 1807. He obtained it by a process exactly similar to that by which he procured potassium, which it strongly resembles in many properties. Gay-Lussac and Thénard soon afterwards procured it in greater quantity by decomposing soda by means of iron; and Brunner showed that it may be prepared with much greater facility by distilling a mixture of sodic carbonate with charcoal: it is now prepared by the latter process in considerable quantities. Sodium is a silverwhite metal, having a very high lustre. Its sp. gr. is 0972; it melts at 194° Fahr., and oxidizes rapidly in the air, though not so rapidly as potassium. It decomposes water instantly, but does not spontaneously take fire when thrown on water, unless the water be somewhat warm, or the progress of the globule of sodium upon the surface of the water be impeded. When heated in air or oxygen it takes fire and burns with a very pure and intense yellow flame. It is perhaps more abundant in our globe than any other metal, for it constitutes two-fifths of all the sea-salt existing in sea-water, in the water of springs, rivers, and lakes, in almost all soils, and in the form of rock-salt. Sea-salt is a compound of chlorine with sodium. Sodium also occurs as oxide of sodium or soda in a good many minerals; and more especially in the form of carbonate, nitrate, and borate of soda. Soda is contained in sea plants, and in land plants growing near the sea. It occurs also in most animal fluids. The only important oxide of sodium is the protoxide known as soda. See SODA. Sodom-apple (sod'om-ap-1), n. 1. The name given to the fruit of a species of Solanum (S. sodomeum).-2. A product described by Strabo, Tacitus, and Josephus, as a fruit found on the shores of the Dead Sea, beautiful to the sight, but turning to bitter ashes when eaten, in reality a gall produced on dwarf-oaks by the puncture of a species of gall-insect. The Sodom-apple or apple of Sodom is employed as a rhetorical figure to represent what excites high hopes or expectations, but ultimately produces only bitter disappointment. Your poor mother's fond wish, gratified at last in the mocking way in which overfond wishes are too often fulfilled-sodom-apples as they are. Mrs. Gaskell. Sodomite (sod'om-it), n. 1. An inhabitant of Sodom.-2. One guilty of sodomy. Sodomitical (sod-om-it'ik-al), a. Relating to sodomy. Sodomitically (sod-om-it'ik-al-li), adv. In a sodomitical manner. Sodomy (sod'om-i), n. The crime of Sodom; a carnal copulation against nature. Soet (so), n. [Fr. seau, a bucket or pail.] A large wooden vessel for holding water; a cowl. Soefult (so'fyl), n. As much as a soe will hold. A pump grown dry will yield no water; but pour a little into it at first, for one bason-full you may fetch Dr. H. More. up so many soe-fulls. Soever (so-ev'èr). A word compounded of so and ever: generally used in composition to extend or render emphatic the sense of such words as who, what, where,&c., as in whosoever, whatsoever, wheresoever. (See these words.) It is sometimes used separate from the pronoun; as, in what things soever you undertake, use diligence and fidelity. 'What love soever by an heir is shown.' Dryden. Sofa (so'fa), n. [Fr. and Sp. sofa, a sofa, from Ar. soffah, a bench for resting on before the house, from saffa, to put in order.] A long seat with a stuffed bottom, and raised stuffed back and ends. Thus first Necessity invented stools, Convenience next suggested elbow-chairs, And Luxury th' accomplish'd sofa last. Cowper. Sofa-bed, Sofa-bedstead (so'fa-bed, so'fabed-sted), n. A sofa adapted for use as a bed when required. One of these sofa-beds common in French houses.' Lord Lytton. 'Innumerable specimens of that imposition on society-a sofa-bedstead.' Dickens. Sofett (so-fet'), n. A small sofa. [Rare.] Soffit (sof'fit), n. [Fr. soffite, It. soffitta, from L. sugo, to fasten beneath (apparently through an erroneous form sufficta for suffixa)-sub, under, and figo, to fasten.] 1. In arch. (a) the lower surface of a vault or arch. (b) The under horizontal face of an architrave between columns. (c) The ceil 126 ing of an apartment divided by cross-beams into compartments. (d) The under part of an overhanging cornice, of a projecting bal $5, Soffits. cony, an entablature, a staircase, &c.-2. In scene painting, a border. See SCENE, 6. Sofi (so'f), n. [Per. sufi or sofi, probably from Gr. sophos, wise. Comp. sophi.] One of a religious order in Persia, otherwise termed dervishes. See DERVIS. Sofism (so'fizm), n. The mystical doctrines of the class of Mohammedan religionists called sofis. Written also Sufism. Soft (soft), a. [A. Sax. softe, soft, Sc. and O.Sax. saft, O.D. saeft, saft; these are contracted forms, having lost an n, seen in G. sanft, soft; comp. other, tooth, sooth, which have also lost n.] 1. Easily yielding to pressure; easily penetrated; impressible; yielding: the contrary of hard; as, a soft bed; a soft peach; soft earth; soft wood. So we speak of a soft stone when it breaks or is hewed with ease. 'A good soft pillow.' Shak. 2. Easily susceptible of change of form; hence, easily worked; malleable; as, soft iron. Her heavenly form Angelic, but more soft and feminine. Milton. 4. Easily yielding to persuasion or motives; flexible; impressible; facile; weak. A few divines of so soft and servile tempers.' Eikon Basilikë. The deceiver soon found this soft place of Adam's. Glanville. 5. Tender; timorous; fearful. However soft within themselves they are, To you they will be valiant by despair. Dryden. 6. Mild; gentle; kind; not severe or unfeeling; lenient; easily moved by pity; susceptible of kindness, mercy, or other tender affections. The tears of soft remorse." Shak. Women are soft, mild, pitiful and flexible; Thou stern, obdurate, finty, rough, remorseless. Shak. Yet soft his nature, though severe his lay. Pope. 7. Civil; complaisant; courteous; not rough, rude, or irritating; as, a person of soft man 8. Affecting the senses in a mild, bland, or delicate manner; as, (a) smooth; flowing; not rough or vehement; not harsh; gentle or melodious to the ear; as, a soft voice; a soft sound; soft accents; soft whispers. Her voice was ever soft, Gentle, and low; an excellent thing in woman. Shak. Soft were my numbers, who could take offence? Pope. (b) Not harsh or offensive to the sight; mild to the eye; not strong or glaring: not exciting by intensity of colour or violent contrast; as, soft colours; the soft colouring of a picture. The sun shining on the upper part of the clouds, made... the softest sweetest lights imaginable. Sir T. Browne. (c) Agreeable to perceive or feel. As sweet as balm, as soft as air. Shak. (d) Smooth to the touch; not rough, rugged, or harsh; delicate; fine; as, soft silk; soft skin. SOFTENING Mayhew.-9. Gentle in action or motion; steady and even. On her soft axle while she paces even, She bears thee soft with the smooth air along. Milton. 10. Effeminate; not manly or courageous; viciously nice. An idle soft course of life is the source of criminal pleasures. W. Breeme. 11. Gentle; easy; quiet; undisturbed; as, soft slumbers. Soft stillness and the night Become the touches of sweet harmony. Shak 12. Foolish; simple; silly. He made soft fellows stark noodies. Barten 13. Readily forming a lather and washing well with soap; not hard; as, soft water is the best for washing. See HARD.-14. In pronunciation, not pronounced with a hard explosive utterance, but with more or less of a sibilant sound, as e in cinder, as opposed to c in candle; and g in gin, as opposed to g in gift.-Soft money, paper money, as distinguished from hard cash or coin. - Soft palate. See under PALATE.-Soft sawder, flattery, generally with the view of playing on a person; blarney. [American.] We trust to soft sawder to get them into the house, and to human natur that they never come out of it. Haliburton. -Soft soap, (a) a coarse kind of soap. See under SOAP. (b) As a slang term, flattery; Soft (soft), n. blarney; soft sawder. A soft person; a person who is weak or foolish. [Colloq. or slang.] It'll do you no good to sit in a spring-cart o' your own, if you've got a soft to drive you. George Eliot. Soft (soft), adv. Softly gently; quietly. Soft (soft), interj. Be soft; hold; stop; not Soft whispering thus to Nestor's son.' Pope. so fast. Soft! no haste." Shak. But soft my muse, the world is wide. Suckling. Soft (soft), v.t. To soften. Spenser. Softa (sof'ta), n. [Turk.] In Turkey, a pupil of a medrissa or secondary school engaged in professional studies for offices in the church, the law, the army, or the state: often restricted to students of the Koran. Written also Sophta. See HODJA Soft-conscienced (soft-kon'shenst), a. Having a tender conscience. Soft-conscienced men.' Shak. Soften (sof'n), v.t. To make soft or more soft; as, (a) to make less hard in substance. 'Soften steel and stones.' Shak. Their arrows' point they soften in the flame. Gay. (b) To mollify; to make less fierce or intractable; to make more susceptible of humane or fine feelings; as, to soften a hard heart; to soften savage natures. (c) To make less harsh or severe, less rude, less offensive or violent; as, to soften an expression. He bore his great commission in his look, The flippant put himself to school And heard thee, and the brazen fool Was softened, and he knew not why. Tennyson. (d) To palliate; to represent as less enormous; as, to soften a fault. (e) To make easy; to compose; to mitigate; to alleviate. Music can soften pain to ease. (f) To make calm and placid. Pepe. Bid her be all that cheers or softens life. Pope. (g) To make less glaring; to tone down; as, to soften the colouring of a picture. (h) To make tender; to make effeminate; to enervate; as, troops softened by luxury. (1) To make less strong or intense in sound; to make less loud; to make smooth to the ear; as, to soften the voice. Soften (sof'n), v.i. To become soft or less hard; as, (a) to become more pliable and yielding to pressure. Many bodies that will hardly melt, will seften. (b) To become less rude, harsh, or cruel; as, savage natures soften by civilization. (e) To become less obstinate or obdurate; to become more susceptible of humane feelings and tenderness; to relent. We do not know How he may soften at the sight of the child. Shak. (d) To become more mild. SOFT-EYED of colours into each other.-S. In pathol, a diminution of the natural and healthy firmness of organs or parts of organs; mollities. -Softening of the brain, mollities cerebri, an affection of the brain, in which it becomes pulpy or pasty. Soft-eyed (soft'id), a. Having soft, gentle, or tender eyes. Give virtue scandal, innocence a fear, Or from the soft-eyed virgin steal a tear. Pope. Soft-grass (soft'gras), n. The common name of two British species of plants of the genus Holcus (H. mollis and H. lanatus). See HOL CUS. Soft-headed (soft'hed-ed), a. Of weak or feeble intellect. [Familiar.] Soft-hearted (soft härt-ed), a. Having tenderness of heart; susceptible of pity or other kindly affection; gentle; meek. Thou art a prating fellow; One that hath studied out a trick to talk And move soft-hearted people. Bean. & Fl Soft-heartedness (soft'härt-ed-nes), n. The quality of being soft-hearted or kind-hearted; gentleness. A sort of soft-heartedness towards the sufferings of individuals.' Jeffrey. Soft-horn (soft'horn), n. A foolish person; one easily imposed upon; a greenhorn. [Colloq.] Softish (soft'ish), a. Somewhat soft; inclining to softness. Softling (soft'ling), n. A sybarite; a voluptuary. Effeminate men and softlings cause the stout man to wax tender. Bp. Woolton. Softly (soft'li), adv. In a soft manner; as, (a) Not with force or violence; gently; as, he softly pressed my hand. (b) Not loudly; without noise; as, speak softly; walk softly. 'In this dark silence softly leave the town. Dryden. (c) Gently; placidly. She softly lays him on a flowery bed. Dryden. (d) Mildly; tenderly. The king must die; Though pity softly pleads within my soul. Dryden. -To walk or go softly, to express sorrow, grief, contrition, and the like, by one's de meanour. And it came to pass when Ahab heard those words, that he rent his clothes, and put sackcloth upon his Besh, and fasted, and lay in sackcloth, and went softly. 1 Ki. xxi. 27. Softner (sof n-ér) See SOFTENER. Softness (soft'nes), n. The quality of being soft; as, (a) that quality of bodies which renders them capable of yielding to pressure, or of easily receiving impressions from other bodies: opposed to hardness; as, the softness of butter, of a pillow, &c. (b) Susceptibility of feeling or passion; easiness to be affected; hence, facility; simplicity; weakness; as, the softness of the heart or of our natures; softness of spirit. (c) Mildness; kindness; civility; gentleness; meekness; as, softness of words or expressions; softness of manners. Milton. For contemplation he and valour form'd, For softness she, and sweet attractive grace. (d) The acceptableness to the senses, as of feeling, sight, hearing, &c., arising from delicacy, or from the absence of harshness, violent contrast, roughness, or the like; as, the softness of a voice, of colours, of air, of the skin, &c. (e) Effeminacy; vicious deliA satire against the softness of pro cacy. sperity.' Shak. He was not delighted with the softness of the court. Clarendon (f) Timorousness; pusillanimity; excessive susceptibility of fear or alarm. This virtue could not proceed out of fear or softBacon, (g) In art, the opposite of boldness; in some instances the term is used to designate agreeable delicacy; at other times, as indicative of want of power. Fairholt. Soft-spoken (soft spó-kn), a. Speaking softly, having a mild or gentle voice; hence, mild, affable. Softy (softi), n. A soft or silly person. Colloy Soget, in. Subject. Chaucer. Soggy (sog'i), a. [Icel. söggr, damp, wet, agyi, dampness, moisture; perhaps allied to sag, to sink.] Wet; soaked with water or moisture; thoroughly wet; as, soggy land; 80ggy timber. This green and soggy multitude. B. Jonson. Soho (soho), interj. A word used in calling from a distant place; a sportsman's halloo. Schol schol-what seest thou?-Him we go to find. Shak. 127 Soi disant (swą dẽ zạǹ). [Fr.] Calling himself; self-styled; pretended; would be. Soigne,t n. (Fr.) Care; diligence; anxiety. Romaunt of the Rose. Soil (soil), v.t. [O. Fr. soillier (Mod. Fr. souiller), to soil, to cover with filth, lit. to cover as a pig does by wallowing in mire, from L. suillus, pertaining to a swine, from sus, a sow or swine. See also the roun.] 1. To make dirty on the surface; to dirty; to defile; to tarnish; to sully; as, to soil a garment with dust. 'Our wonted ornaments now soil'd and stain'd.' Milton. Either I must, or have mine honour soil d Shak. 2. To cover or tinge with anything extraneous; as, to soil the earth with blood. Shak. 3. To dung; to manure. Men.... soil their ground; not that they love the dirt, but that they expect a crop. South. SYN. To foul, dirt, dirty, begrime, bemire, bespatter, besmear, daub, bedaub, stain, tarnish, sully, defile, pollute. Soil (soil), v.i. To take on dirt; to take a soil or stain; to tarnish; as, silver soils sooner than gold. Soil (soil). n. [In meanings 1 and 2 from the above verb; in 3 directly from Fr. souille, a miry place where a boar wallows; from L. suillus. See the verb.] 1. Any foul matter upon another substance; foulness.-2. Stain; 'Free tarnish; spot; defilement or taint. from touch or soil.' Shak. A lady's honour... will not bear a soil. Dryden. 3. A marshy or miry place to which a hunted boar resorts for refuge; hence, wet places, streams, or water sought for by other game, as deer. As deer, being stuck, fly through many soils, -To take soil, to run into the water or a Soils Improve land by dung and other sort of soils. Mortimer. Soil (soil), n. [0. Fr. soil, soile, Mod. Fr. sol, from L. solum, the soil, generally taken from the root of solidus, solid.] 1. The upper stratum of the earth; the mould, or that compound substance which furnishes nutriment to plants, or which is particularly adapted to support and nourish them; earth; ground. Wherever the surface of the earth is not covered with water, or is not naked rock, there is a layer of earth more or less mixed with the remains of animal and vegetable substances in a state of decomposition, which is commonly called the soil. may generally be distinguished from mere masses of earth by their friable nature and dark colour, and by the presence of some vegetable fibre or carbonaceous matter. In uncultivated grounds soils generally occupy only a few inches in depth on the surface; and in cultivated grounds their depth is generally the same as that to which the implements used in cultivation have penetrated. The stratum which lies immediately under the soil is called the subsoil, which is comparatively without organized matter. Soil is composed of certain mixtures or combinations of the following substances: the earths, silica, alumina, lime, magnesia; the alkalies, potassa, soda, and ammonia, oxide of iron and small portions of other metallic oxides, a considerable proportion of moisture, and several gases, as oxygen, hydrogen, carbonic acid. Besides these every soil contains vegetable and animal matters, either partially or wholly decomposed. The analysing of soils, in order to ascertain their component parts and qualities, and their adaptation to the growth of various vegetable productions, as well as the methods of improving them by means of chemical manures, form the subject of agricultural chemistry.-2. Land; country. Leads discontented steps in foreign soil.' Shak. Must I thus leave thee, Paradise? thus leave Thee native soil, these happy walks and shades? Milton. Soil (soil), v.t. [0. Fr. saouler, to glut, to gorge, to satiate, from saoul, Fr. soul; Pr. sadol; It. satollo; L. satullus, full of food, sated, dim. of satur, sated, full.] To feed (cattle or horses) in the stalls or stables with fresh grass daily mowed, instead of putting out to pasture--which mode of feeding tends to keep the bowels lax; hence, to purge by feeding upon green food; as, to soil a horse. Shak. SOL Soil (soil), n. In building, a provincial term for a principal rafter of a roof. Gwilt. Soiliness (soil'i-nes), n. Stain; foulness. [Rare.] Make proof of the incorporation of silver and tin, whether it yield no soiliness more than silver. Bacon. Destitute of soil or Soilless (soilles), a. mould. Wright. Soil-pipe (soil'pip), n. A pipe for conveying from a dwelling-house, &c., foul or waste water, night-soil, &c. Soilure (soil'ür), n. [Fr. souillure. See SOIL, v.t.] Stain; defilement; pollution. 'Not making any scruple of her soilure.' Shak. [Rare and poetical.] Then fearing rust or soilure, fashion'd for it Soilyt (soil'i), a. Dirty; foul; soiled. maunt of the Rose. Sojourn (so'jérn), v.i. [O.Fr. sojorner, sojourner (Mod. Fr. séjourner), It. soggiornare, from a hypothetical L. form subdiurnare, from L. sub, under, and diurnus, pertaining to a day, from dies, a day.] To dwell for a time; to dwell or live in a place as a temporary resident, or as a stranger, not considering the place as his permanent habitation. Abram went down into Egypt to sojourn there. Gen. xii, 10. The soldiers assembled at Newcastle, and there sojourned three days. Sir F. Hayward. SYN. To tarry, abide, stay, remain, live, dwell, reside. Sojourn (so'jêrn), n. A temporary residence, as that of a traveller in a foreign land. 'In our court have made thy amorous sojourn.' Shak. Millon. Thee I revisit now, . . . though long detained In that obscure sojourn. Sojourner (sõ'jêrn-ér), n. One who sojourns; a temporary resident; a stranger or traveller who dwells in a place for a time. We are strangers before thee and sojourners, as all our fathers were. 1 Chr. xxix. 15. Sojourning (sō jern-ing), n. The act of dwelling in a place for a time; also, the time of abode. was Ex. xii. 40. The sojourning of the children of Israel.. four hundred and thirty years. Sojournment (soʻjern-ment), n. The act of sojourning; temporary residence, as that of a stranger or traveller. God has appointed our sojournment here as a period of preparation for futurity. Wakefield. Soke, n. See Soc. Sokeman (sõk’man), n. In old Eng. law, same as Socman. Sokemanry (sök'man-ri), n. Socmanry. Sokingly, adv. Suckingly; gently. Chau cer. Soko (sōkō), n. The native name for a quadrumanous mammal closely allied to the chimpanzee, discovered by Dr. Livingstone at Manyuema, near Lake Tanganyika, in Central Africa. The flesh is esteemed a great delicacy by the natives. It feeds on wild fruits. The soko occasionally kidnaps children, but is described as otherwise harmless, unless when attacked. Sol (sol), n. [L] 1. The sun. 'And when Dan Sol to slope his wheels began.' Thom SOL son.-2. In her, a term implying or, or gold, in blazoning the arms of emperors, kings, and princes by planets, instead of metal and colour.-3. The name given to gold by the old chemists and alchemists, luna being used to denote silver. Sol (sol), n. [See SOU.] In France, a small bronze coin; now usually called a sou. Sol (sol), n. [It] In music, (a) a syllable applied in solmization to the fifth tone of the diatonic scale. (b) The tone itself. Sola (so'la), n. [The name in Bengal.] A plant of the genus Eschynomene, the E. aspera, common in moist places, and in the rainy season, in many parts of the plains of India. The name is also given to the pith-like stem, which is exceedingly light, and with which the natives of India make a great variety of useful articles, especially hats, which are in great request, being very light and cool. Helmets made of sola are much used by European troops in India. Written also Shola. Solace (solás), v. t. pret. & pp. solaced; ppr. solacing. [O. Fr. solace, solas, from L. solatium, from solor, solatus, to solace, to comfort.] 1. To cheer in grief or under calamity; to comfort; to relieve in affliction; to console: applied to persons; as, to solace one's self with the hope of future reward. We will with some strange pastime solace them. Shak. 2. To allay to assuage; as, to solace grief. A little hint to solace woe.' Tennyson. -3. To delight; to amuse. Solace (sol'ās), v.i. 1. To be happy; to take delight. 2. To take comfort; to be cheered or relieved in grief. One poor and loving child, But one thing to rejoice and solace in, And cruel death hath catch'd it from my sight. Shak Solace (solás), n. [See the verb transitive.] 1. Comfort in grief; alleviation of grief or anxiety; also, that which relieves in distress; recreation. The proper solaces of age are not music and compliments, but wisdom and devotion. Johnson. 2. Happiness; delight. SYN. Consolation, comfort, alleviation, mitigation, relief, recreation, diversion, amusement. Solacement (sol'as-ment), n. Act of solacing or comforting; state of being solaced. Solacious (so-la'shus), a. Affording comfort or amusement. Bale. Solanaceæ (sõ-la-nā'sē-ë), n. pl. A nat.order of monopetalous exogenous plants, composed of herbs or, rarely, shrubs, natives of most parts of the world, and especially within the tropics. They have alternate leaves, often in pairs, one shorter than the other, terminal or axillary inflorescence, and regular, or nearly regular, monopetalous flowers. The nightshade, potato, capsicum, tomato, egg-plant, and tobacco are all found in this order. The general property of the order is narcotic and poisonous. This prevails to a greater or less degree in all the plants of the order, although certain parts of the plants, when cultivated, are used for food. Solanaceous (sõ-la-nā'shus), a. Of, pertaining to, or resembling plants belonging to the Solanaceæ. Soland (so'land), n. Same as Solan-goose (which see). It Solander (so-lan'dèr), n. [Fr. soulandres.] A disease in horses. Solan-goose (sõʻlan-gös), n. [Icel. súla, the solan-goose.] The gannet (which see). Solania (so-lãni-a), n. The active prínciple of Solanum Dulcamara, or deadly nightshade. See the next word. Solanina, Solanine (sõ'la-ni-na,sō'la-nin), n. [L. solanum, nightshade.] (C21 H35 NO, probably.) A vegetable alkaloid obtained from various species of Solanum, as S. Dulcamara, S. nigrum, S. tuberosum, &c. forms a crystalline powder, very bitter and acrid, and highly poisonous. It is insoluble in water, but soluble in alcohol. With acids it forms salts, which are uncrystallizable. Solano (sō-lä'no), n. [Sp., from L. solanus (ventus), easterly wind, from sol, the sun.] A hot oppressive south-east wind in Spain. It is a modification of the simoom (which see). Solanum (so-là'num), n. [L., nightshade.] A genus of plants, nat. order Solanaceae, of of which it is the type. It is one of the most extensive genera of plants, including from 700 to 900 species. They are shrubs or herbs, sometimes climbing, either smooth or hairy, or (both stems and leaves) armed 128 with sharp thorns, with alternate, entire, lobed, or pinnately cut leaves, and umbellate or panicled dichotomous cymes of yellow, white, violet, or purplish flowers, and are widely distributed throughout the world, Solanum tuberosum (Potato Plant). abounding especially in America. The most important species are, the S. tuberosum, which produces the common potato, a native of America (see POTATO); S. Dulcamara, woody nightshade or bitter-sweet; S. esculentum, egg-plant; S. sodomeum, Sodom eggplant, or apple of Sodom. S. esculentum and its varieties furnish edible fruits, and the fruits of many other species are eaten. The common love-apple or tomato was formerly included in this genus under the name of S. Lycopersicum, but is now, along with several allied species, generally ranked under a separate genus, Lycopersicum. See TOMATO. Solar (sölér), a. [L. solaris, from sol, the sun.] 1. Pertaining to the sun; as, the solar system; or proceeding from, or produced by it; as, solar light; solar rays; solar influ ence. His soul proud science never taught to stray, Far as the solar walk or milky way. Pope. 2. Born under the predominant influence of the sun, according to astrological notions; influenced by the sun. 'Proud beside as solar people are.' Dryden.-3. Measured by the progress of the sun, or by its apparent revolution; as, the solar year. Solar apex, the point in space situated in the constellation Hercules, towards which the sun is moving.-Solar camera, in photog. an instrument for enlarging pictures by sunlight. - Solar chronometer, a sun-dial adapted to show mean instead of solar time. -Solar cycle, a period of twenty-eight years. See CYCLE.-Solar day. See DAY.-Solar eclipse. See ECLIPSE. Solar engine, an engine in which the heat of the solar rays is concentrated to evaporate water or expand air, used as a motor for a steam or air engine. Solar flowers, those which open and shut daily at certain determinate hours. -Solar lamp. Same as Argand-lamp (which see)-Solar microscope, a microscope in which the object is illuminated by the light of the sun concentrated upon it. See MICROSCOPE.-Solar month. See MONTH.Solar phosphori, substances which are seen to be luminous in a dark place after having been exposed to light, as the diamond, putrid fish, calcined oyster shells, &c.Solar plexus, in anat. an assemblage of ganglia which are distributed to all the divisions of the aorta.-Solar prominences, red flame-like masses seen in the atmosphere of the sun at a total solar eclipse. -Solar spectrum. See SPECTRUM.-Solar spots, dark spots that appear on the sun's disc, usually visible only by the telescope, but sometimes so large as to be seen by the naked eye. They indicate the sun's revolutions on its axis, are very changeable in their figure and dimensions, and vary in size from mere points to spaces of 50,000 miles or more in diameter. The frequency of solar spots attains a maximum every ten-and-ahalf years, falling off during the interval to a minimum, from which it recovers gradually to the next maximum. This periodicity has been thought to be intimately connected with meteorological phenomena.-Solar system, in astron. that system of which the sun is the centre. To this system belong the planets, planetoids, satellites, comets, and meteorites, which all directly or indirectly revolve round the central sun, the whole being bound together by the mutual attractions of the several parts. According to the Ptolemaic system, framed by the SOLDANRIE Greek astronomer Ptolemy, the earth was an absolutely fixed centre, and the heavens were considered as revolving about it from east to west, and carrying along with them all the heavenly bodies, the stars and planets, in the space of twenty-four hours. The Copernican system, taught by Copernicus in the beginning of the sixteenth century, represents the sun to be at rest in the centre of the universe, and the earth and the several planets as revolving about him as a centre, while the moon and the other satellites revolve about their primaries. The heavens and fixed stars were supposed to be at rest, and their apparent diurnal motions were imputed to the earth's motion from west to east. Notwithstanding the defects of this system it produced a powerful effect, and prepared the way for the discoveries of Galileo, Kepler, and Newton. The Tychonic system, propounded by Tycho Brahé, the Danish astronomer, in the latter part of the sixteenth century, represented that the earth was fixed in the centre of the universe, and that round it revolved the sun and moon, while the planets revolved directly round the sun. Brahé's observations were of immense service to his contemporary Kepler in discovering the famous laws which ultimately led Newton to the grand theory of universal gravitation. (See KEPLER'S LAWS) The Newtonian system, so named as being adopted by Sir Isaac Newton, is the only one admitted in modern astronomy. It is frequently called the Copernican system, from its rejecting what Copernicus rejected; but it is far from receiving all that Copernicus received. this system there is no fixed centre, the son only approximating to that character from its greater magnitude. The orbits of the planets, which all revolve round the sun, are ellipses, of which the elements vary. Solar telegraph, a telegraph in which the rays of the sun are projected from and upon mirrors. The duration of the rays makes the alphabet, after the manner of the dotand-dash telegraphic alphabet; a heliostat (which see).-Solar time. The same as Apparent Time. See TIME.-Solar year. See YEAR. In Solar (so'lėr), n. In arch. a sollar; a loft or upper chamber. Solarization (sō'lér-iz-á"shon), n. In photog the injurious effects produced on a picture by over-exposing it in the camera to the light of the sun, as indistinctness of outline, obliteration of high lights, loss of relief, &c. Solarize (sō'lér-iz), v. i. pret. & pp. solarized; ppr. solarizing. In photog. to become injured by too long exposure to the action of the sun's rays. Solarize (so'lér-iz), v.t. In photog. to affect injuriously by exposing too long to the sun's rays. Solary (so'la-ri), a. Solar. [Rare.] Solas, tn. Solace; recreation; mirth; sport. Chaucer. Solatium (sō-lã'shi-um), n. [L., consolation, solace. See SOLACE, v.t.] 1. Anything that alleviates or compensates for suffering or loss; a compensation; specifically, in Scots law, a sum of money paid over and above actual damages, to an injured party, by the person who inflicted the injury, as a solace for wounded feelings. In English law, such compensation is not in strict principle admitted, but in practice there is no substantial difference.2 Eccles. an additional daily portion of food allotted to the inmates of religious houses under exceptional circumstances. Sold (sold), pret. & pp. of sell.-Sold note. See Bought and Sold Note, under BOUGHT. Soldt (sold), n. [Fr. solde, from L. solidus, a piece of money.] Salary; military pay. Soldadot (sol-da'do), n. [Sp.] A soldier. Soldant (sol'dan). Sultan. Milton. Soldanel (sol'da-nel), n. A plant of the genus Soldanella. Soldanella (sol-da-nel'la), n. [A dim. of It. soldana, a sultana.] A genus of plants, nat. order Primulacere. The species are small herbs of graceful habit, natives of alpine districts of Continental Europe. One of them, S. alpina, a native of Switzerland, with lovely blue flowers, is well known as an object of culture. Soldanelle (sol-da-nel), n. [Fr.) A species of Convolvulus, the C. Soldanella. Soldanrie, Soldanry+ (sol'dan-ri), n. The rule or jurisdiction of, or the country ruled by a soldan or sultan. Sir W. Scott. SOLDATESQUE Soldatesque (sol-da-tesk'), a. [Fr., from soldat, a soldier.] Of or relating to a soldier; soldier-like. His cane clanking on the pavement and waving round him in the execution of military cuts and sol datesque manoeuvres. Thackeray. Solder (solder), v.t. [O. Fr. solder, solider (Fr. souder); lit. to make solid, to strengthen, from L. solidus, solid.] 1. To unite by a metallic cement; to join by a metallic substance in a state of fusion, which hardens in cooling, and renders the joint solid. Hence -2 Fig. to unite or combine in general; to patch up. At the Restoration the Presbyterians, and other sects, did all unite and solder up their several schemes, to join against the church. Swift. Solder (sol'dér), n. 1. Metallic cement; a metal or metallic composition used in uniting other metallic substances by being fused between them. Hard solders are such as require a red heat to fuse them; they are employed for joining brass, iron, and the more refractory metals. Soft solders melt at a comparatively low temperature, and are used with lead and tin, of which metals they are wholly or in part composed. See SOLDERING. Hence-2. Fig. that which unites in any way. Friendship! mysterious cement of the soul! Sweet'ner of life! and solder of society! Blair. Solderer (sol'dér-ér), n. One who or a machine which solders. Soldering (sol'der-ing), n. The process of uniting the surfaces of metals, by the intervention of a more fusible metal, which being melted upon each surface, serves, partly by chemical attraction, and partly by cohesive force, to bind them together. The alloy used as a solder must not only be more fusible than the metal or metals to be united, but must also have a strong affinity for them. The solder usually contains a large proportion of the metal to which it is to be applied, in combination with some more easily fusible metal. The surfaces to be united must be made perfectly clean and free from oxide. This is commonly effected by scraping the surfaces; and in order that the formation of any oxide may be prevented during the process, borax, sal ammoniac, or rosin is used, either mixed with the solder or applied to the surfaces.-Autogenous soldering is the union of two pieces of metal without the intervention of any solder, by fusing them at the point of junction by jets of flame from a gas blowpipe or by other means. Soldering-bolt, Soldering-iron (sol'dering-bolt, sol'der-ing-i-ern), n. A tool consisting of a copper bit or bolt having a pointed or wedge-shaped end, fastened to an iron rod with a wooden handle, and with which solder is melted and applied in the ordinary method of working. Soldier (söl'jer), n. [0. Fr. soldier, soldoier, from LL soldarius, solidarius, a soldier; lit one who receives military pay, from L. soldus, solidus, military pay: lit. a solid piece of money. (See SOLID.) Mod. Fr. soldat, a soldier, is from a form solidatus.] 1. A man engaged in military service; one whose occupation is military; a man who serves in an army; one of an organized body of combatants. Soldier, from the L. solidus, the name of a coin, meant originally one who performed military service, not in fulfilment of the obligations of the feudal law, but upon constraint, and for stipulated pay. Soldier, therefore, in its primary signification is identical with kareling or mercenary. G. P. Marsh. 2 A common soldier; a private; a member of a military company who is not an officer. That in the captain's but a choleric word Which in the soldier is flat blasphemy. Shak 3 Emphatically, a brave warrior; a man of military experience and skill, or a man of distinguished valour.-4. A white ant. See TERMITE.-Soldiers and sailors, soldier beetles Soldier-beetle (sol'jér-be-tl), n. A name given to coleopterous insects of the genus Telephorus, from their reddish colour, or from their combativeness. They are carnivorous and voracious insects. Soldier-crab (söl'jér-krab), n. A name given to the hermit-crab, from its extreme combativeness. Soldieress (söl'jêr-es), n. A female soldier. Beau, & Fl. ch, chain; 129 Soldiering (sol'jer-ing), n. The state of being a soldier; the occupation of a soldier. Soldierlike, Soldierly (sōl'jer-lik, sōl'jér-li), a. Like or becoming a soldier; brave; martial; heroic; honourable. A soldier-like word.' Shak. His own (face) tho' keen and bold and soldierly Sear'd by the close ecliptic, was not fair. Tennyson. Soldiership (sol'jer-ship), n. Military qualities; military character or state; martial 'Setskill; behaviour becoming a soldier. ting my knighthood and my soldiership aside. Shak. Hunting is the best school of soldiership. Prof. Blackie. Soldiery (sol'jer-i), n. 1. Soldiers collectively; a body of military men. I charge not the soldiery with ignorance and contempt of learning, without exception. Swift. 2. † Soldiership; military service. Sir P. Sidney. Soldieryt (sōl'jer-i), a. Of or relating to soldiers; military. 'Soldiery ballads.' Milton. Soldo (sol'do), n. [It. Fr. sol, sou.] A small Italian coin, the twentieth part of a lira. Sole (sol), n. [Fr. sole, the sole of the foot, of a shoe, &c., a beam, the fish, from L. solea, a sandal, a sole, the fish, a sill, of same origin as solum, the base, the soil, solidus, solid.] 1. The under side of the foot. From the crown of his head to the sole of his foot he is all mirth. Shak. 2. The foot itself. Spenser. [Rare. 1-3. The bottom of a shoe or boot; or the piece of leather which constitutes the bottom. 'Dancing shoes with nimble soles.' Shak. The caliga was a military shoe with a very thick sole, tied above the instep. Arbuthnot. 4. The part of anything that forms the bottom, and on which it stands upon the ground; the bottom or lower part of anything; as, (a) in agric. the bottom part of a plough, to the forepart of which is attached the point or share. (b) In far. the horny substance under a horse's foot, which protects the more tender parts. (c) In fort. the bottom of an embrasure or gun-port. (d) Naut. a piece of timber attached to the lower part of a rudder, to render it level with the false keel. (e) The seat or bottom of a mine: applied to horizontal veins or lodes. (f) The floor of a bracket on which a plummerblock rests. (g) The plate which constitutes the foundation of a marine steam-engine, and which is bolted to the keelsons. (h) The floor or hearth of the metal chamber in a furnace. (i) In carp. the lower surface of a plane.-5. A marine fish belonging to the Pleuronectidæ or flat-fishes, of an oblong form, with a rounded muzzle. It is the P. solea, Linn., the Solea vulgaris, Cuvier, and Sole (Solea vulgaris). is so called probably from its shape. These Sole (sol), adv. Alone; by itself; singly. ch, Sc. loch; g. go; j, job; n, Fr. ton; SOLEMNITY Solea (so'le-a), n. [L., a slipper.] 1. The under surface of the foot or hoof of an animal; the sole.-2. The sole; a genus of malacopterygious fishes belonging to the Pleuronectidæ or flat-fish family. S. vulgaris is the common sole. See SOLE. Solecism (sol'e-sizm), n. [Gr. soloikismos, said to be derived from Soloi, in Cilicia, the Athenian colonists of which lost the purity of their language.] 1. An impropriety in the use of language, arising from ignorance; a gross deviation from the idiom of a language, or a gross deviation from the rules of syntax. Among modern grammarians the term is often applied to any word or expression which does not agree with the established usage of writing or speaking. As customs change, that which may be regarded as a solecism at one time may at another be considered as correct language. Hence a solecism differs from a barbarism, which consists in the use of a word or expression altogether contrary to the spirit of the language. There is scarce a solecism in writing which the best author is not guilty of. Addison. 2. Any unfitness, absurdity, or impropriety, as in behaviour; a violation of the rules of society. To take Assay of venison or stale fowl by your nose, Which is a solecism at another's table. Massinger. The idea of having committed the slightest solecism in politeness was agony to him. Sir W. Scott. Solecist (sol'e-sist),n. [Gr. soloikistes.] One who is guilty of a solecism in language or behaviour. Solecistic, Solecistical (sol-e-sis'tik, sol-esis'tik-al), a. Pertaining to or involving a solecism; incorrect; incongruous. The use of these combinations, with respect to the pronouns, is almost always solecistical. Tyrwhitt. Solecistically (sol-e-sis'tik-al-li), adv. In a solecistic manner. Solecize (sol'e-siz), v.i. [Gr. soloikizo.] To commit solecisms. Dr. H. More. Sole-leather (sōl'leTH-ér), n. Thick strong leather used for the soles of shoes. Solely (sol'li), adv. Singly; alone; only: without another; as, to rest a cause solely on one argument; to rely solely on one's own strength. 'Me left solely heir to all his lands.' Shak. Solemn (sol'em), a. [L. sollemnis, sollennis, that occurs every year, hence, from the stated occurrence of religious festivals, religious, festal, solemn-sollus, all, every, and L. annus, a year. See SOLID.] 1. Marked by religious rites or ceremonious observances; connected with religion; sacred. 'Before the solemn priest I have sworn." Shak. 'Feasts so solemn and so rare.' Shak. The worship of this image was advanced and a solemn supplication observed every year. Stillingfleet. 2. Fitted to excite or express awful, reverent, or serious reflections; awe-inspiring; serious; grave; impressive; as, a solemn pile of building. Suits of solemn black.' Shak. With solemn march goes slow and stately by them.' Shak. There reign'd a solemn silence over all. Spenser. 3. Accompanied by seriousness or impressiveness in language or demeanour; impressive; earnest; as, to make a solemn promise: a solemn utterance. With a solemn earnestness.' Shak. Why do you bend such solemn brows on me? Shak. 4. Affectedly grave, serious, or important; as, to put on a solemn face. The solemn fop, significant and budge; A fool with judges, amongst fools a judge. Cowper. 5. Accompanied with all due forms or ceremonies; made in form; formal; regular: now chiefly a law term; as, probate in solemn form. Solemness (sol'em-nes), n. The state or quality of being solemn; solemnity; seriousness or gravity of manner. Prithee, Virgilia, turn thy solemness out o' door and go along with us. Shak. Solemnity (so-lem'ni-ti), n. [Fr. solennité. See SOLEMN.] 1. The state or quality of being solemn; grave seriousness; gravity; impressiveness; solemness; as, the solemnity of his manner; the solemnity of the ceremony.2. Affected or mock gravity or seriousness; a look of pompous importance or grandeur. Solemnity's a cover for a sot. Young. 8. Stateliness; dignity. [Rare.] SOLEMNIZATE 4. A rite or ceremony performed with religious reverence; religious or ritual ceremony; as, the solemnities at a funeral. Great was the cause; our old solemnities From no blind zeal or fond tradition rise, But saved from death, our Argives yearly pay These grateful honours to the god of day. Pope. 5. A proceeding adapted to impress awe or The forms and solemnities of the last judgment.' Atterbury.-6. In law, a solemn or formal observance; the formality requisite to render a thing done valid. Solemnizate (so-lem'niz-at), v.t. To sol reverence. emnize. Solemnization (sol'em-niz-a'shon), n. The act of solemnizing; celebration. Soon after followed the solemnization of the mar riage. Bacon. Solemnize (sol'em-nīz), v.t. pret. & pp. solemnized; ppr. solemnizing. [O. Fr. solemniser. See SOLEMN.] 1. To dignify or honour by ceremonies; to celebrate; to do honour to; as, to solemnize the birth of Christ. To solemnize this day the glorious sun Met from all parts to solemnize this feast. Milton. 2. To perform with ritual ceremonies and respect, or according to legal forms: used especially of marriage. Our nuptial rites be solemnized.' Shak. 'Baptisms to be administered in one place, and marriages to be solemnized in another.' Hooker. 3. To make grave, serious, and reverential; as, to solemnize the mind for the duties of the sanctuary. Solemnizer (sol'em-niz-ér), n. One who solemnizes; one who performs a solemn rite. Solemnly (sol'em-li), adv. In a solemn manner; as, (a) with religious ceremonies; reverently; devoutly. (b) With impressive seriousness. I do solemnly assure the reader that he is the only person from whom I have heard that objection. Swift. (c) With all due form; ceremoniously; formally; regularly; as, this question has been solemnly decided in the highest courts. (d) With formal gravity, importance, or stateliness; with pompous or affected gravity. Dryden. Solemnness (sol'em-nes), n. Same as Solemness. Solempnely, adv. Solemnly. Chaucer. Solen (so'len), n. [Gr. sölën, a tube, a kind of shell-fish.] 1. A genus of lamellibranchiate molluscs, forming the type of the family Solenidæ, and known by the common name of razor-shell. The species are found in all parts of the world on sandy beaches or shoals, where they burrow vertically, and lie concealed at a depth of about 6 inches, when the tide leaves the beach dry. They are distinguished by the great length of the respiratory tubes; hence perhaps the name, although it may also apply to the shell, which resembles a tube.-2. In surg. a semicircle of thin wood, or strips of wood, used for preventing the contact of the bed-clothes in wounds, fractures, &c. Solenaceous (sõ-le-ná'shus), a. to the Solenacea. Soleness (sol'nes), n. The state of being sole, alone, or being unconnected with others; singleness. Chesterfield. Solenette (sõl-net'), n. Relating [Dim. of sole.] A small British fish, Monochirus lingulatulus, closely allied to the sole. It is seldom more than 5 inches long, and of a reddish-brown colour. Solenidæ, Solenacea (sō-lē'ni-dē, sō-lē-nā'se-a), n. pl. A family of lamellibranchiate molluscs, including the genus Solen and several others. Solenite (sölé-nit), n. [From Gr. sōlēn, a pipe or tube.] A finely-leaved fossil plant from the oolite series of the Yorkshire coast, supposed to belong to the order Marsiliacex, and so called from its fistular or pipe-like shape. Solenodon (sō-lē'nō-don), n. [Gr. sōlēn, a tube, and odous, odontos, a tooth.] A genus of insectivorous mammals of the family Talpida, and of which the agouta of Cuba and Hayti is the sole member. See AGOUTA. Solenoid (sole-noid), n. [Gr. sōlën, a tube, and eidos, appearance. ] In electro-dynamics, n helix of stout copper wire having the conjunctive wire turned back along its axis, so as to neutralize that component of the effect of the current which is due to the length of the helix, and reduce the whole effect to that of a series of equal and parallel circular currents. 130 Sole-plate (sōl'plāt), n. In mach. the bedplate; as, the sole-plate of an engine. Soler, Soleret (sol'ér, sol'ér), n. [From L. sol, sun. See SOLLAR.] A loft or garret; a sollar. I thought to have lodged him in the solere chamber. Sir W. Scott. Soleret (sol'ér-et), n. See SOLLERET. Solert (sol'ert),a. [L. solers, solertis.] Crafty; subtle. 'Because man was the wisest (or most solert and active) of all animals.' Cudworth. Solertiousness (so-lêr'shus-nes), n. The quality of being solert; expertness; craftiness; slyness. Hacket. Soleship (sol'ship), n. Single state; soleness. [Rare.] This ambition of a sole power... this dangerous soleship is a fault in our church indeed. Sir E. Dering. Soleus (sõ'lē-us), n. [L., from solea, a sole.] A muscle of the leg, shaped like the solefish. It serves to extend the foot. Sol-fa (sōl'fa), n. See TONIC SOL-FA. Sol-fa (sol'fa), v.i. In music, to sing the notes of the scale in their proper pitch, using the syllables do (or ut), re, ini, fa, sol, la, si, which, when applied to the notes of the natural scale, that of C, are equivalent to C, D, E, F, G, A, B. Sol-fa (solfa), v.t. To sing, as the notes of a piece of music, to the syllables do, re, mi, fa, sol, la, si, instead of to words. See SOLMIZATION. Solfanaria (sol-fa-nä'ri-a), n. [It] A sulphur mine. Solfatara (sol-fä-tä'rä), n. [It., name of a volcano near Naples.] A volcanic vent emitting sulphureous, muriatic, and acid vapours or gases. Sol-feggiare (sol-fej'i-ä"re), v.i. [It] To sol-fa. Solfeggio (sol-fej'i-õ), n. [It.] In music, (a) a system of arranging the scale by the names do (or ut), re, mi, fa, sol, la, si. (b) An exercise in scale singing. See SOLMIZATION. Soli (so'li), pl. of solo. See SOLO. Solicit (so-lis'it), v. t. [Fr. solliciter, from L. sollicito, from sollicitus, agitated, anxious, solicitous, from sollus, whole, and cieo, citum, to move, to stir, to agitate. See SOLID.] 1. To ask from with some degree of earnestness; to make petition to; to apply to for obtaining something. Did I solicit thee From darkness to promote me? Milton. 2. To ask for with some degree of earnestness; to seek by petition; as, to solicit an office; to solicit a favour. But would you undertake another suit, Shak. [1 and 2 are the ordinary meanings of this verb.]-3. To awake or excite to action; to summon; to invite. That fruit solicited her longing eye. Milton, Sounds and some tangible qualities solicit their proper senses, and force an entrance to the mind. Locke. 4. To try to acquire; to try to obtain. [Rare.] To solicit by labour what might be ravished by arms was esteemed unworthy of the German spirit. Gibbon. 5. To disturb; to disquiet; to make anxious: a Latinism. Solicit not thy thoughts with matters hid. Milton. But anxious fears solicit my weak breast. Dryden. 6. To enforce the claims of; to plead; to act as solicitor for or with reference to. Should My brother henceforth study to forget The vow that he hath made thee, I would ever Ford. Solicit thy desert. 7. In law, (a) to incite to commit a felony. (b) To endeavour to bias or influence by offering a bribe to. The judge is solicited as a matter of course by the parties, and they do not approach empty-handed. Brougham. SYN. To ask, request, crave, supplicate, entreat, beg, beseech, implore, importune. Solicit (so-lis'it), v. i. To make solicitation for some one or for a thing. There are a great number of persons who solicit for places. Addison. Solicitant (so-lis'it-ant), n. One who solicits. Solicitation (sō-lis′i-tă”shon), n. The act of soliciting; as, (a) an earnest request; a seeking to obtain something from another with some degree of zeal and earnestness; as, the solicitation of a favour. (b) Excitement; invitation. Children are surrounded with new things, which, SOLID by a constant solicitation of their senses, draw the Locke. mind constantly to them. (c) Endeavour to influence to grant something by bribery. The practice of judicial solicitation has even prevailed in less despotic countries. Brougham. (d) The offence of inciting or instigating a person to commit a felony. It is an indictable offence, although no felony be in fact committed. SYN. Request, asking, supplication, entreaty, importunity. Solicitor (so-lis'it-èr), n. [See SOLICIT] 1. One who solicits; one who asks with earnestness.-2. An attorney; a law agent; one who represents another in court. In England the term was formerly applied distinctively to agents practising before the courts of chancery, but by the Judicature Act of 1873 all persons practising before the supreme courts at Westminster are now called solicitors. (See ATTORNEY.) In Scotland the term solicitor is applied to writers or general legal practitioners, and is synonymous with attorney in England. Generally in the U. States solicitor and attorney are synonymous, and they also act as counsel. Solicitor-general (sõ-lis'it-ér-jen ́ér-al), n An officer of the crown, next in rank to the attorney-general, with whom he is in fact associated in the management of the legal business of the crown and public offices. On him generally devolves the maintenance of the rights of the crown in revenue cases, patent causes, &c. The solicitor-general of Scotland is one of the crown counsel, next in dignity and importance to the lord-advocate, to whom he gives his aid in protecting the interests of the crown, in conducting prosecutions, &c. Solicitorship (so-lis'it-ér-ship), n. Rank or condition of a solicitor. Massinger. Solicitous (so-lis'it-us), a. [L. sollicitus, anxious, disturbed, uneasy. See SOLICIT] Anxious, whether to obtain, as something desirable, or to avoid, as something evil; eager; concerned; apprehensive; disturbed; uneasy; restless; careful: followed by about or for (rarely of) before the object. 'A worldly solicitous temper.' Locke. The tender dame solicitous to know Whether her child should reach old age or no. Addison. No man is solicitous about the event of that which South he has in his power to dispose of. He was solicitous for his advice. Clarendon. Our hearts are pure when we are not solicitous of the opinion and censures of men. Fer. Taylor. Solicitously (sõ-lis'it-us-li), adv. In a so0licitous manner; anxiously; with care and Solicitude (sō-lis'i-túd), n. [L. sollicitudo. See SOLICIT.] The state of being solicitous; uneasiness of mind occasioned by the fear of evil or the desire of good; carefulness; concern; anxiety. 'The great labours of worldly men, their solicitude and outward shows. Sir W. Raleigh.-Care, Solicitude, Concern, Anxiety. See under CARE-SYN. Carefulness, concern, anxiety, care, trouble. Solicitudinous (sõ-lis'i-tüd-in-us), a. Full of solicitude. [Rare.] Move circumspectly, not meticulously, and rather carefully solicitous, than anxiously solicitudinous. Sir T. BreURL. Solid (solid), a. [Fr. solide, from L. solidus, solid, firm, compact, from same root as solum, the soil (whence E. soil), sollus, whole (whence the sol- in solicit, solemn), salvus, safe (E. safe), Gr. holos, whole, Skr. sarva, whole.] 1. Having the constituent particles so connected together that their relative positions cannot be altered without the application of sensible force; possessing the property of excluding all other bodies from the space occupied by itself; impenetrable; hard; firm; compact: opposed to liquid and gaseous. See the noun. O, that this too, too solid flesh would melt, 2. Not hollow; full of matter; as, a solid globe or cone, as distinguished from a hollow one. 3. Having all the geometrical |