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TANGIBILITY

Madagascar. The poisonous quality resides in the kernel, and one seed is said to be sufficient to kill twenty persons. It has smooth alternate thickish leaves, and large terminal cymes of pink flowers, which are succeeded by large purplish fruits containing a hard stone surrounded by a thick fibrous flesh. The genus is now often united with Cerbera. Tangibility (tan-ji-bil'i-ti), n. The quality of being tangible or perceptible to the touch or sense of feeling.

Tangibility and impenetrability were elsewhere made by him the very essence of body. Cudworth. Tangible (tan'ji-bl), a. [Fr. tangible, L tangibilis, from tango, to touch. See TACT.] 1. Capable of being touched or grasped. 2. Perceptible by the touch; tactile.

By this sense (touch), the tangible qualities of bodies are discerned, as hard, soft, smooth. Locke.

3. Capable of being possessed or realized; real; as, tangible security. 'Direct and tangible benefits to ourselves and others." Southey-4. Readily apprehensible by the mind; clear; evident; as, his actings afforded tangible proof of his guilt.

Buckle.

This is an inference resting on broad and tangible proofs accessible to all the world. Tangibleness (tan'ji-bl-nes), n. The state or quality of being tangible; tangibility. Tangibly (tan'ji-bli), adv. In a tangible manner; so as to be perceptible to the touch.

Tangie (tang'i), n. [From tang, a sea-weed.] A water-spirit of the Orkneys which appeared sometimes as a little horse, at other times as a man covered with sea-weed. Keightley. Tangierine (tan'jer-in), n. Same as Tangerine.

Tangle (tang'gl), v. t. pret. & pp. tangled; ppr. tangling. [Allied to Icel. thöngull, thang, Dan. and G. tang, tangle, sea-weed; nasalized forms corresponding to A. Sax. tagl, Goth. tagl, hair, a tail.] 1. To unite or knit together confusedly; to ravel; to interweave or interlace, as threads, so as to make it difficult to unravel the knot.

His speech was like a tangled chain. Shak. 2. To insnare; to entrap; as, to be tangled in the folds of dire necessity. Tangled in amorous nets.' Milton.

The Dauphin Stands with the snares of war to tangle thee. Shak. 3. To embroil; to embarrass; to confuse; to involve; to complicate.

Crashaw.

When my simple weakness strays
Tangled in forbidden ways.
Clear-headed friend, whose joyful scorn,
Edged with sharp laughter, cuts atwain
The knots that tangle human creeds.

Tennyson. Tangle (tang'gl), v.i. To be entangled or united confusedly. Tangle (tang'gl), n. [See the verb.] 1. A knot of threads or other things united confusedly, or so interwoven as not to be easily disengaged; as, hair or yarn in tangles.

Were it not better done as others use, To sport with Amaryllis in the shade, Or with the tangles of Neæra's hair. Milton. 2. pl. A device used in dredging, for sweeping the sea-bed in order to obtain delicate forms of marine life, too small or frangible to be obtained by ordinary dredging. It consists of a bar supported on runners, and serving to drag after it a series of masses of hemp, each of which is a sort of mop which entangles the more minute and delicate forms of marine life without injuring them. 3. Any perplexity or embarrassment.-4. A name given to some species of sea-weed belonging to the genus Laminaria (which see). Called also Tang.-5. A tall, lank person; any long dangling thing. [Scotch.] Tanglingly (tang'gling-li), adv. In a tangling manner.

Tangly (tang'gli), a. Knotted; intertwined; intricate.

Tangly (tang'gli), a. Covered with sea-weed or tangle.

Prone, helpless, on the tangly beach he lay. Falconer. Tangram (tan'gram), n. A Chinese toy used sometimes in primary schools as a means of instruction. It consists of a square of thin wood, or other material, cut into seven pieces of various shapes, as triangle, square, parallelogram, which pieces are capable of being combined in various ways so as to form a great number of different figures. Tangs (tangz), n. pl. Tongs. Written also • Taings. [Scotch.]

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Tangum (tan'gum), n. A variety of piebald horse found in Thibet, of which it is a native. It appears to be related to the Tartar horse.

Tangum or Thibet Horse. Tan-house (tan'hous), n. A building in which tanner's bark is stored. Tanier (tan'i-ér), n. Same as Tannier. Tanist (tan'ist), n. [Gael. tanaiste, a lord, the governor of a country; in Ireland, the heir-apparent of a prince; from tan, a region or territory.] One of a family from which the chiefs of certain Celtic races were chosen by election: usually applied to the actual holder of the lands and honours, and frequently to his chosen successor. See TANISTRY.

It was not unusual to elect a tanist, or reversionary successor, in the lifetime of the reigning chief. This family (the O'Hanlons) were tanists of a large territory within the present county of Armagh,

Hallam.

Lower.

Tanistry (tan'ist-ri), n. [See TANIST.] A mode of tenure that prevailed among various Celtic tribes, according to which the tanist or holder of honours or lands held them only for life, and his successor was fixed by election. According to this custom the right of succession was not in the individual, but in the family to which he belonged; that is, succession was hereditary in the family, but elective in the individual. The primitive intention seems to have been that the inheritance should descend to the oldest or most worthy of the blood and name of the deceased. This was in reality giving it to the strongest, and the practice often occasioned bloody wars in families.

They were subject to the law of tanistry, of which the principle is defined to be, that the demesne lands and dignity of chieftainship descended to the eldest and most worthy of the same blood. Hallam.

Tank (tangk), n. [0. and Prov. E. and Sc. stank, a tank, a pond, a wet ditch, from O. Fr. estanc (Mod. Fr. étang), Sp. estanque, It. stagno, a pond, a pool, from L. stagnum, a pond or pool of standing water (hence also stagnant)] A cistern or vessel of large size to contain liquids; specifically, (a) that part of a locomotive tender which contains the water. (b) The stationary reservoir from which the tank of the tender is filled. (c) A cistern for storing water on board ship. (d) The cistern of a gas-holder, in which the lower edge of the inverted chamber is beneath the water-surface, forming a seal for the gas. (e) The term is also applied to any chamber or vessel in which oil, molasses, &c., is stored for sale in measured quantities or for occasional use. Tank (tangk), n. 1. A small East Indian dry measure of about 240 grains weight.2. A weight for pearls in Bombay of 72 grains.

Simmonds.

Tank (tangk), n. The end of a file, &c., which is inserted into the handle; the tang. See TANG.

Tanka (tang'ka), n. 1. A kind of boat at Canton, Macao, &c., rowed by women. It

is about 25 feet long.-2. A woman who plies

in such a boat. Written also Tankia. Tankard (tang'kärd), n. [O.Fr. tanquart, tanquard, O.D. tanckaerd, a tankard, probably tank with the suffix -ard.] A large vessel for liquors, most commonly a rather large drinking vessel, with a cover, usually made of pewter, though also of gold, silver, &c. See PEG-TANKARD, also TANKARDBEARER.

Marius was the first who drank out of a silver tank. ard, after the manner of Bacchus. Arbuthnot.

Tankard (tang'kärd), a. Of or pertaining to a tankard; hence, convivial; festive; jovial. Milton.

TANNING

Tankard-bearer (tang'kärd-bar-ér), n. One who, when London was very imperfectly supplied with water, fetched water in large tankards holding two or three gallons from the conduits and pumps in the street.

To talk of your turn in this company, and to me alone, like a tankard-bearer at a conduit! Fie! B. Jonson. Tankard-turnip (tang'kärd-tér-nip), n. A name given to such common field-turnips as are of an oblong shape, and the roots of which in general grow a good deal above the surface of the ground. There are several varieties.

Tank-engine (tangk'en-jin), n. A locomotive which carries its own water and fuel, and so dispenses with a tender, being itself a combined engine and tender. Tankia (tang'ki-a), n. Same as Tanka. Tank-iron (tangk'i-érn), n. Plate-iron. thicker than sheet or stove-pipe iron, but thinner than boiler-plate.

Tankling (tangk'ling), n. A tinkling. Tank-worm (tangk'werm), n. A nematode worm abounding in the mud in tanks in India, and believed to be the young of the Filaria or Dracunculus medinensis, or guinea-worm, a troublesome parasite on man. See GUINEA-WORM.

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sun.

Tanling (tan'ling), n. [Tan and term. -ling.] One tanned or scorched by the heat of the 'Hot summer's tanlings, and the shrinking slaves of winter.' Shak. Tan-mill (tan'mil), n. A mill for breaking up bark for tanning. Tanna (tan'na), n. In India, a police station; also, a military post. Tannable (tan'a-bl), a. Capable of being

tanned.

Tannadar (tan'na-där), n. In India, the keeper or commandant of a tanna. Tannage (tan'aj), n. The act, operation, or result of tanning; a tanning. 'Got his cheek fresh tannage.' Browning.

Tannate (tan'āt), n. A salt of tannic acid; as, the tannate of potash or of magnesia. The tannates are characterized by striking a deep bluish-black colour with the persalts of iron.

Tanner (tan'ér), n. One whose occupation is to tan hides, or convert them into leather by the use of tan.-Tanner's bark, the bark of the oak, chestnut, willow, and other trees, which abounds in tannic acid, and is employed by tanners in the preparation of leather. See TAN.-Tanner's waste, hidecuttings, &c.

Tanner (tan'èr), n. [From Gypsy tano, little -the sixpence being the little coin as compared with a shilling.] A sixpence. [Slang.] Tannery (tan'ér-i), n. 1. A place where the operations of tanning are carried on. -2. The art or process of tanning. Miraculous imTannic (tan'ik), a. Applied to a peculiar provements in tannery." Carlyle. acid which exists in every part of all species of oak, especially in the bark, but is found in greatest quantity in gall-nuts. Tannic acid, when pure, is nearly white, and not at all crystalline. It is very soluble in water, and has a most astringent taste, without bitterness. It combines with animal gelatine, forming an insoluble curdy precipitate which has been called tannogelatine. It derives its name from its property of combining with the skins of animals and converting them into leather, or tanning them. It is the active principle in almost all astringent vegetables. The name tannic acid is generally applied to what is really a mixture of several substances. Called also Quercitannic.

Tannier (tan'ni-êr), n. A plant of the genus Caladium (C. sagittæ folium), the leaves of which are boiled and eaten in the West Indies.

Tannin (tan'in), n. Same as Tannic Acid. See TANNIC.

Tanning (tan'ing), n. 1. The practice, operation, and art of converting the raw hides and skins of animals into leather by effecting a chemical combination between the gelatine of which they principally consist and the astringent vegetable principle called tannic acid or tannin. The object of the tanning process is to produce such a chemical change in skins as may render them unalterable by those agents which tend to decompose them in their natural state, and in connection with the subsequent operations of currying or dressing to bring them into a state of pliability and impermeability to water which may adapt them for the many useful purposes to which leather is

TANNOMETER

applied. The larger and heavier skins subjected to the tanning process, as those of buffaloes, bulls, oxen, and cows, are technically called hides; while those of smaller animals, as calves, sheep, and goats, are called skins. After being cleared of the hair, wool, and fleshy parts, by the aid of lime, scraping, and other means, the skins are usually steeped in an infusion of ground oak bark, which supplies the astringent or tanning principle, and thus converts them into leather. Different tanners, however, vary much in the mode of conducting the process of tanning, and also the skins intended for different kinds of leather require to be treated differently. Various improvements have been made in the process of tanning, by which time and labour are much reduced; but it is found that the slow process followed by the old tanners produces leather far superior to that produced by quick processes.-2. Appearance or hue of a brown colour produced on the skin by the action of the sun.

Diseases and distempers, incident to our faces, are industriously to be cured without any thought or blame of pride; as flushings, redness, inflammation, pimples, freckles, ruggedness, tanning, and the like. Fer. Taylor. Tannometer (tan-om'et-ér), n. A hydrometer for determining the proportion of tannin in tanning liquor.

Tan-pickle (tan'pik-1), n. The brine of a tan-pit.

The charge of the public was less than it had been when the vessels were unseaworthy, when the sailors were riotous, when the food was alive with vermin, when the drink tasted like tan-pickle, and when the clothes and hammocks were rotten. Macaulay. Tan-pit (tan'pit), n. 1. A sunken vat in which hides are laid in tan.-2. A bark-bed. Tanrec (tan'rek), n. See TENREC. Tan-spud (tan'spud), n. An instrument for peeling the bark from oak and other trees. [Local.]

Tan-stove (tan'stov), n. A hot-house with a bark-stove; also, the stove itself. Tansy (tan'zi), n. [Fr. tanaisie, tansy; Sp. atanasia, costmary; said to be from Gr. athanasia, immortality, from the medicinal properties of some of the plants of this kind, or because the dried flowers retain their natural appearance. The generic name Tanacetum seems to be a latinized form of tansy.] 1. The popular name of a genus of plants. See TANACETUM.-2. A favourite dish of the seventeenth century, and even later, made of eggs, cream, rose-water, sugar, and the juice of herbs, as endive, spinage, sorrel, tansy, and baked with butter in a shallow pewter dish.

I had a pretty dinner for them; viz., a brace of stewed carps, six roasted chickens, and a jowl of salmon, hot, for the first course; a tansy, and two neats' tongues, and cheese, the second. Pepys. Tant (tant), n. A small red spider. Called also Taint.

Tantalise (tan'ta-liz), v. t. See TANTALIZE. Tantalism (tan tal-izm), n. [See TANTALIZE] A punishment like that of Tantalus; a teasing or tormenting by the hope or near approach of that which is desired, but which is not attainable; tantalization.

Is not such a provision like tantalism to this people? F. Quincy Tantalite (tan'ta-lit), n. The ore of the metal tantalum: an opaque mineral, with imperfect metallic lustre and iron-black colour, found in Sweden and other places. Tantalium (tan-ta'li-um), n. See TANTALUM. Tantalization (tan'ta-liz-a"shon), n. The act of tantalizing, or the state of being tantalized.

Rozinante's pains and tantalizations in this night's round, were more irksome to the beast than all his other outridings. Gayton. Tantalize (tan'ta-liz), v.t. pret. & pp. tantalized; ppr. tantalizing. [From Tantalus, a mythical king of Lydia or Phrygia, who for divulging the secrets of his father Zeus was condemned to stand in a lake of water, which receded from him whenever he stooped to drink, while branches loaded with fruit, which always eluded his grasp, were hung over his head.] To tease or torment by presenting something desirable to the view, but continually frustrating the expectations by keeping it out of reach; to excite expectations or fears which will not be realized; to tease; to torment.

Thy vain desires, at strife Within themselves, have tantalis'd thy life. Dryden.

I should otherwise have felt exceedingly tantalized with living under the walls of só great a city, full of objects of novelty, without being able to enter it. Cook.

talizes.

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Tantalizing (tan'ta-liz-ing), p. and a. Teasing or tormenting by presenting to the view something unattainable.

This was tempting news, but tantalizing too. Dickens. The major was going on in this tantalising way, not proposing, and declining to fall in love. Tantalizingly (tan'ta-liz-ing-li), adv. In a Thackeray. Tantalum (tan'ta-lum), n. Sym. Ta. At. wt. tantalizing manner; by tantalizing.

TAP

SYN. To tease, torment, excite, irritate, Tantrism (tan'trizm), n. The doctrines of provoke. the tantras. Tantalizer (tan'ta-liz-ér), n. One that tan- Tantrum (tan'trum), n. [Prov. E. tantum, from W. tant, tension, a sudden start or impulse, a gust of passion, a whim; from root tan, seen also in E. thin.] A burst of ill-humour; a display of temper; an ill-natured caprice: used chiefly in the plural; as, she is in her tantrums. Thackeray. [Colloq.] Tan-turf (tan'têrf), n. See TAN-BALLS. Tan-vat (tan'vat), n. A vat in which hides are steeped in liquor with tan. Tan-yard (tan'yard), n. An inclosure where the tanning of leather is carried on. Tanystome (tan'is-tom), n. [Gr. tanyo, to stretch, and stoma, the mouth. ] One of those dipterous insects, which have a projecting proboscis, with the last joint of the antennæ undivided, including the gadflies. Tanzimat (tan'zi-mat), n. [Ar., pl. of tansim, a regulation.] Lit. regulations. The name given to the organic laws, constituting the first contribution towards constitutional government in Turkey, published in 1844 by Sultan Abdul-Medjid.

182. A rare metallic element discovered in the Swedish minerals tantalite and yttrotantalite. It was long believed to be identical with Niobium, but their separate identity has been established. Written also Tantalium.

Tantalus (tan'ta-lus), n. [See TANTALIZE. The name was given because from their voracity these birds seem never to have enough.] A genus of wading birds, family Ardeida or heron family. T. loculator is the woodibis of America, which frequents extensive swamps, where it feeds on serpents, young alligators, frogs, and other reptiles. The African tantalus (T. ibis) was long regarded as the ancient Egyptian ibis, but it is rare in Egypt, belonging chiefly to Senegal, and is much larger than the true ibis.-Tantalus cup, a philosophical toy,

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consisting of a siphon so adapted to a cup that the short leg being in the cup, the long leg may go down through the bottom of it. The siphon is concealed within the figure of a man, whose chin is on a level with the bend of the siphon. Hence, as soon as the water rises up to the chin of the image it begins to subside, so that the figure, like Tantalus in the fable (see TANTALIZE), is unable to quench his thirst. Tantamount (tan'ta-mount), a. [Fr. tant, L. tantus, so much, and E. amount.] Equivalent, as in value, force, effect, or signification; as, silence is sometimes tantamount to consent.

Tantalus Cup.

Put the questions into Latin, we are still never the nearer, they are plainly tantamount; at least the difference to me is undiscernible. Waterland.

Actions were brought against persons who had defamed the Duke of York; and damages tantamount to a sentence of perpetual imprisonment were demanded by the plaintiff and without difficulty obtained. Macaulay.

Tantamount + (tan'ta-mount), v.i. To be tantamount or equivalent. That which in God's estimate may tantamount to a direct undervaluing.' Jer. Taylor. Tantity (tan'ti-ti), n. A term used by Mr. James Mill. See under QUANTITY. Tantivy (tan-tiv'i), adv. [Said to be from the note of a hunting horn.] Swiftly; speedily; rapidly.-To ride tantivy, to ride with great speed.

Tantivy (tan-tiv'i), n. 1. A rapid, violent gallop.-2. A devoted adherent of the court in the time of Charles II.; a royalist. [The nickname may be traceable to the foxhunting habits of the country squires of the period.]

Those who took the king's side were anti-Birming hams, abhorrers, and tantivies. These appellations soon became obsolete. Macaulay.

Collier... was a Tory of the highest sort, such as in the court of his age was called a tantivy. Macaulay

3. A mixture of haste and violence; a rush; a torrent.

Sir, I expected to hear from you in the language of the lost groat, and the prodigal son, and not in such a tantivy of language; but I perceive your communication is not always yea, yea. Cleaveland.

Tantivy (tan-tiv'i), v.i. To hurry off; to go off in a hurry. Miss Burney. Tantlingt (tant'ling), n. [Based on tantalize.] One seized with the hope of pleasure unattainable; one exposed to be tantalized. Tantra (tan'tra), n. [Skr., from tan, to believe. ] A division, section, or chapter of certain Sanskrit sacred works of the worshippers of the female energy of Siva. Each tantra has the form of a dialogue between Siva and his wife. The tantras are much more recent productions than the Vedas, possibly posterior even to the Christian era, although their believers regard them as a fifth Veda, of equal antiquity and higher authority.

Tap (tap), v.t. pret. & pp. tapped; ppr. tapping. [Fr. taper, to tap, to rap, to strike, tape, a tap, a slap, probably ultimately from the sound (comp. rap, rat-tat, pat), though the French verb is directly from the Teutonic; comp. Prov. G. tapp, tapps, a blow, G. tappen, to grope; Icel. tapsa, tæpta, to tap or touch lightly.] 1. To strike with something small, or to strike with a very gentle blow; to pat gently; as, to tap one with the hand; to tap one on the shoulder with a cane.

He had always joked and tapped their shoulders when he went by. Dickens.

2. To put a new sole or heel on, as on a boot or shoe. [Local.]

Tap (tap), v.i. To strike a gentle blow; as, he tapped at the door.

Tap (tap), n. 1. A gentle blow; a slight blow with a small thing.

She gives her right hand woman a tap on the shoulder. Addison.

2. A piece of leather fastened upon the bottom of a boot or shoe in repairing or renewing the sole or heel.

Tap (tap), v.t. [A. Sax. tæppan, to tap, to draw out liquor; L.G. and D. tappen, Icel and Sw. tappa, G. zapfen; the lit. meaning is to draw out liquids by removing the tap or faucet. See the noun.] 1. To pierce so as to let out a fluid; as, to tap a cask, a tree, a tumour, or anything that contains a pentup fluid.

Wait with patience till the tumour becomes troublesome, and then tap it with a lancet. Sharpe.

2. To treat in any analogous way for the purpose of drawing something from; as, it was discovered that the telegraph wires had been tapped.-To tap the admiral, to broach surreptitiously a cask of liquor: from the story that when a certain admiral's body was being conveyed to England in spirits. the sailors tapped the cask containing it and drank the liquor.-3. To cause to run out by broaching the cask or vessel.

He has been tapping his liquors, while I have been spilling my blood." Addison.

Tap (tap), n. [A. Sax. tappa (whence the verb tappan, to tap), L.G. tappe, D. and Dan. tap, Icel. tappi, G. zapfen, a tap, a plug, a faucet; from same root as tip and top. Hence tapster, and from the German through the French tamp, tampion.] 1. A pipe or hole through which liquor is drawn from a cask.-2. A plug or spile to stop a hole in a cask.-3. The liquor, especially in respect of quality, which is drawn through a tap. [Colloq.]

Sending out a meagre servant to offer a glass of 'something' to the post-boy, who answered that he thanked the gentleman, but if it was the same tap as he had tasted before, he had rather not. Dickens. 4. A tap-house or tap-room.-5. An instrument employed for cutting the threads of internal screws or nuts. It consists simply of an external or male screw of the required size, formed of steel, and more or less tapered, portions of the threads being filed away in order to present a series of cutting edges. This being screwed into the nut in the manner of an ordinary bolt, forms the thread required. On tap, (a) ready to be drawn; as, we have Bass on tap. (b) Broached or furnished with a tap; as, the barrel of Bass is on tap.

Tap (tap), n. [Scotch.] A top; a head; a crest or the like.-Tap of tow, (a) the quantity of flax that is made up into a conical

TAP-BOLT

form to be put upon the distaff. (b) A very irritable person; a person easily inflamed, like a bundle of flax.

Tap-bolt (tap'bolt), n. A bolt with a head on one end and a thread on the other end, to be screwed into some fixed part, instead of passing through the part and receiving a nut.

Tap-cinder (tap'sin-dér), n. The slag produced in the process of puddling iron. Tape (tap), n. [A. Sax. tæppe, a fillet, probably like tapestry, tippet, from the Greek.] 1. A narrow fillet or band; a narrow piece of woven work, used for strings and the like; as, curtains tied with tape.-2. In printing, one of the travelling bands which hold and conduct the sheet of paper in a steam-press; also, a similar band in a paperfolding machine. 3. Spirituous or fermented drink. [Slang.]

Tape (tap), v.t. To use sparingly; to make a little go a great way: often with out. Sir W. Scott. [Scotch.]

Tapeism (tap'izm), n. Same as Red-tapery. Tape-line, Tape-measure (tap'lin, tápmezh'ur), n. A tape marked with inches, &c., and inclosed in a case, used in measuring.

Tapen (tap'n), a. Made of tape. C. Reade. Taper (ta pér), n. [A. Sax. tapor, taper; probably from the Celtic; comp. W. tampr, a taper, tampru, to burn like a torch; Ir. tapar, a taper; also Skr. tap, to burn.] 1. A small wax candle; a long wick coated with wax or other suitable material.-2. A small lighted wax candle, or a small light. Shak

Get me a taper in my study, Lucius.

3. Tapering form; gradual diminution of thickness in an elongated object; that which possesses a tapering form; as, the taper of a spire.

From the beaver the otter differs in his teeth, which are canine; and in his tail, which is feline, or a long taper. N. Grew.

Taper (tā'per), a. [Supposed to be from the form of a taper.] Long and regularly becoming slenderer toward the point; becoming small toward one end; as, taper fingers. Taper (tä'per), v. i. 1. To become gradually slenderer; to grow gradually less in diameter; to diminish in one direction; as, a sugar-loaf tapers toward a point. 2. To diminish; to grow gradually less.

We saw him tapering away till he appeared a mere speck, as he went down the mountain-side, and finally disappeared altogether. W. H. Russell. Taper (ta'per), v. t. To cause to taper; to make gradually smaller especially in diam

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Tapering (ta pêr-ing), a. Becoming regularly smaller in diameter toward one end; gradually diminishing toward a point. Taperingly (ta'per-ing-li), adv. In a tapering manner.

Taperness (tā'per-nes), n. The state of being taper.

A Corinthian pillar has a relative beauty, dependent on its taperness and foliage. Shenstone.

Tapestry (tap'es-tri), n. [O.E. tapecery, tapecerye, from Fr. tapisserie, tapestry, carpeting, from tapis, formerly tapestry, now a carpet, from L. tapes, tapete, from Gr. tapes, tapētos, a carpet, a rug.] A kind of woven hangings of wool and silk, often enriched with gold and silver, representing figures of men, animals, landscapes, &c.,

and formerly much used for lining or covering the walls and furniture of apartments, churches, &c. Tapestry is made by a process intermediate between weaving and embroidery, being worked in a web with needles instead of a shuttle. Short lengths of thread of the special colours required for the design are worked in at the necessary places and fastened at the back of the texture. The term tapestry is also applied to a variety of woven fabrics having a multiplicity of colours in their design, which, however, have no other characteristic of true tapestry. See GOBELIN.-Tapestry carpet, the name given to a very elegant and cheap two-ply or ingrain carpet, the warp or weft being printed before weaving so as to produce the figure in the cloth.

Tapestry (tap'es-tri), v. t. pret. & pp. tapestried; ppr. tapestrying. To adorn with tapestry or as if with tapestry.

The Trosachs wound, as now, between gigantic walls of rock tapestried with broom and wild roses. Macaulay.

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Tapet + (tap'et), n. [L. tapete. See TAPESTRY.] Worked or figured stuff; tapestry. Spenser.

Tapeti (tap'e-ti), n. The Brazilian hare, the Lepus Brasiliensis, a rodent mammal inhabiting South America.

Tapetless (tap'et-les), a. [Lit. not having a tap or head.] Heedless; foolish. Burns. [Scotch.]

Tape-worm (tap'werm), n. [From their resemblance in shape to a tape.] The name common to certain internal parasites (Entozoa) constituting the order Cestoidea or Taeniada of the sub-kingdom Annuloida, found in the mature state in the alimentary canal of warm-blooded vertebrates. Tape-worms are composed of a number of flattened joints or segments, the anterior of which, or head (which is the true animal), is furnished with a circlet of hooks and suckers, which enable it to maintain its hold on the mucous membrane of the intestines of its host. The other segments, called proglottides, are simply generative organs budded off by the head, the oldest being furthest removed from it, and each containing when mature male and female organs. The tape-worm has neither mouth nor digestive organs, nutrition being effected by absorption through the skin. The length of the animal varies from a few inches to several yards. The ova do not undergo development in the animal in which the adult exists. They require to be swallowed by some other warm-blooded vertebrate, the ripe proglottides being expelled from the bowel of the host with all their contained ova fertilized. The segments or proglottides decompose and liberate the ova, which are covered with a capsule. After being swallowed the capsule bursts and an embryo, called a proscolex, is liberated. This embryo, by means of spines, perforates the tissues of some contiguous organ, or of a blood-vessel, in the latter case being carried by the blood to some solid part of the body, as the liver or brain, where it surrounds itself with a cyst, and develops a vesicle containing a fluid. It is now called a scolex or hydatid, and formerly was known as the cystic worm. The scolex is incapable of farther development till swallowed and received a second time into the alimentary canal of a warm-blooded vertebrate. Here it becomes the head of the true tape-worm, from which proglottides are developed posteriorly by gemmation, and we have the adult animal with which the cycle begins. Eight true tape-worms occur in man, Tonia solium, the cystic form of which produces the measles of the pig, being the most common. Another, T. mediocanellata, is developed from the scolex, which causes measles in the ox. The tape-worm of the dog, T. serrata, is the adult form of the scolex which produces staggers in sheep. T. Echinococcus of the dog produces hydatids in man, through the development in man of its immature young, Tap-hole (tap'hol), n. The hole in the puddling-furnace through which the tap-cinder is let out, and which during puddling is Tap-house (tap'hous), n. stopped up. A house where liquors are retailed; a house where beer is served from the tap. Shak. Taphrenchyma (taf-ren'ki-ma), n. [Gr. taphros, a pit, and enchyma, tissue-en, in, and cheo, to pour.] In bot. pitted, dotted, or porous tissue; bothrenchyma.

mass.

Tapinage,t n. [Fr. tapinois, by stealth.] A lurking or skulking. Chaucer. Tapioca (tap-i-o'ka), n. [Native American name.] A farinaceous substance prepared from cassava meal, which, while moist or damp, has been heated for the purpose of drying it on hot plates. By this treatment the starch-grains swell, many of them burst, and the whole agglomerates in small irregular masses or lumps. In boiling-water it swells up and forms a viscous jelly-like Ure. See CASSAVA. Tapir (tä'pir), n. [Fr. Sp. and Pg., from the native Brazilian name.] An ungulate or hoofed animal of the genus Tapirus. The nose resembles a small fleshy proboscis; there are four toes to the fore-feet, and three to the hind ones. The South American tapir (T. americanus) is the size of a small ass, with a brown skin, nearly naked. The flesh is eaten. Another American species has been discovered in the Cordilleras, the back of which is covered with hair, and the bones of the nose more elongated and

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Malay Tapir (T. malayanus).

is larger than the American species, and is a most conspicuous animal from the white back, rump, and belly contrasting so strongly with the deep sooty black of the rest of the body as, at a little distance, to give it the aspect of being muffled up in a white sheet. The tapirs are allied both to the hog and to the rhinoceros, but they are much smaller than the latter. Fossil tapirs are scattered throughout Europe, and among them is a gigantic species, T. giganteus, Cuv., which in size must have nearly equalled the elephant.

Tapirida (ta-pir'i-dē), n. pl. The tapir tribe of animals, which differ from the pig tribe in possessing only three toes on each hind foot, and in the better development of the proboscis.

Tapiroid (ta'pir-oid), a. [Tapir, and Gr. eidos, resemblance.] Allied to the tapir or the tapir family.

Tapirotherium (ta'pir-o-the"ri-um), n. [Tapir, and Gr. therion, a wild beast.] A fossil quadruped of the eocene period, having intimate structural relations with the existing tapirs.

Tapirus (ta'pir-us), n. A genus of pachydermatous quadrupeds. See TAPIR. Tapis (tä-pe), n. [Fr. See TAPESTRY.] Carpeting; tapestry. Formerly tapestry was used to cover the table in a council chamber; hence, to be on or upon the tapis, to be under consideration, or on the table.

The house of lords sat till past five at night. Lord Churchill and Lord Godolphin went away, and gave no votes in the matter which was upon the tapis. Henry Lord Clarendon, Tapist (ta'pis), v.t. To cover with figures like tapestry. Holland. Tapiser,t n. [See TAPESTRY.] An upholsterer; a maker of tapestry. Chaucer. Tapisht (täp'ish), v. t. or i. [Prov. E. tappis, to be close to the ground, from Fr. (se) tapir, tapissant, to squat; of same origin as taper, to bung, to plug. See TAP.] To cover; to conceal; to hide; to lurk in a covert or hiding-place; to lie close to the ground, as partridges and game.

When the sly beast, tapish'd in bush or brier,
Nor art nor pains can rouse out of his place.
Fairfax.

Tapite,t v.t. To cover with tapestry. Chau

cer.

Taplash (tap'lash), n. [From tap, a spigot, and lash, probably lush.] 1. Poor beer.

Did ever any man run such taplash as this at first broaching? Bp. Parker.

2. The last running of small-beer; the dregs or refuse of liquor. The taplash of strong ale and wine.' Halliwell.

Tapling (tap'ling), n. The strong double leather made fast to the end of each piece of a flail.

Tapnet (tap'net), n. A frail or basket made of rushes, &c., in which figs are imported. Tappe,t n. A tap or spigot., Chaucer. Tappet (tap'et), n. [A dim. from tap, to strike gently.] 1. A small lever connected with the valve of the cylinder of a steamengine.-2. Any small cam, more particularly when it acts only during a small part of the revolution of the axis on which it is fixed. Hence also the separate teeth of a cam-wheel employed to lift a vertical bar or stamper, are called tappets when small, and wipers when they are very large. Tappet motion, the apparatus for working the steam-valve of a Cornish steam-engine, consisting of levers connected to the valves, moved at proper intervals by tappets or projecting pieces fixed on a rod connected to the beam. Same as

Tappicet (tap' pis), v.t. and i
Tapish. Sir W. Scott.

TAP-PICKLE

Tap-pickle (tap'pik-1), n. The uppermost and most valuable grain in a stalk of oats; hence, fig. one's most valuable possession; in the case of a woman, chastity. Burns. [Scotch.]

Tapping (tap'ing), n. In surg. paracentesis, or the operation of removing fluid from any of the serous cavities of the body in which it has collected in large quantity. Tappit-hen (tap'it-hen), n. [Scotch.] 1. A hen with a crest.-2. A colloquial term denoting a kind of tankard containing 3 quarts, or according to some 1 quart, so named from the knob on the lid as being supposed to resemble a crested hen.

Their hostess appeared with a huge pewter measuring pot, containing at least three English quarts, familiarly denominated a tappit-hen. Sir W. Scott.

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Tapsalteerie (tap-sal-te'ri), adv. Topsyturvy. Burns. [Scotch.]

Tapster (tap'ster), n. [Tap, and term. -ster.]
A person employed in a tavern, &c., to tap
or draw ale or other liquor.
Taptoo (tap-tö'), n.
TATTOO.

A beat of drum. See

Same as Taboo.

Tapu (ta-pu), n. Tapul (ta'pul), n. In milit. antiq. the sharp projecting ridge down the centre of some breastplates.

Taqua-nut (tä’kwä-nut), n. The seed or nut of the South American tree Phytelephas macrocarpa, introduced into this country under the name of vegetable ivory, and used as ivory.

Tar (tär), n. [A. Sax. teru, tero, L.G. tär, D. teer, Icel. tjara, G. theer, tar. Origin unknown.] 1. A thick, dark-coloured, viscid product obtained by the destructive distillation of organic substances and bituminous minerals, as wood, coal, peat, shale, &c. Wood-tar,such as the Archangel, Stockholm, and American tars of commerce, is generally prepared by a very rude process. A conical cavity is dug in the ground, with a cast-iron pan at the bottom, from which leads a funnel. Billets of wood (such as pine or fir) are thrown into this cavity, and being covered with turf are slowly burned without flame. The tar which exudes during combustion is conducted off through the funnel. In this country wood-tar is chiefly obtained as a by-product in the destructive distillation of wood for the manufacture of wood-vinegar (pyroligneous acid) and woodspirit (methyl alcohol). It has an acid reaction, and contains various liquid matters of which the principal are methyl-acetate, acetone, hydrocarbons of the benzene series, and a number of oxidized compounds, as carbolic acid. Paraffin, anthracene, naphthalene, chrysene, &c., are found among its solid products. It possesses valuable antiseptic properties, owing to the creasote it contains, and is used extensively for coating and preserving timber and iron in exposed situations, and for impregnating ships' ropes and cordage. Coal-tar is extensively obtained in Britain in the process of gas manufacture. It is a very valuable substance, in as much as the compounds obtained from it form the starting-points in so many chemical manufactures. See COAL-TAR.-2. A sailor: so called from his tarred clothes, hands, &c. 'Hearts of oak are our ships, jolly tars are our men.' Sea song. In Senates bold, and fierce in war A land commander, and a tar. Swift. Tar (tär), v. t. pret. & pp. tarred; ppr. tarring. To smear with tar; as, to tar ropes.-To tar and feather a person, to pour heated tar over him and then cover with feathers. This mode of punishment, according to Rymer's Fœdera, is as old at least as the crusades; it is a kind of mob vengeance still taken on extremely obnoxious personages in some parts of America.

Tart (tar), v.t. [Also tarre, tarr, and tarry, from A. Sax. tirian, tirigan, tyrgan, Sc. targe, tairge, D. tergen, to irritate, provoke, vex. See also TARRY.] To incite; to hound; to provoke. See TARRE.

Tara (tä'ra), n. A kind of plant. See TARO. Tara-fern (tä'ra-fèrn), n. A species of fern (Pteris esculenta) from the root or rhizome of which a flour was obtained which formed a staple article of food to the natives of

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New Zealand before the settlement by the British.

Tarandus (ta-ran'dus), n. [Altered from L. tarandrus, supposed to be the reindeer.] In some systems of zoology the specific name of the reindeer (Cervus Tarandus); in others, a separate genus in which it is classed under the name of Tarandus rangifer.

Taranis (tar'a-nis), n. [W. and Corn. taran, thunder.] A Celtic divinity, regarded as the evil principle, but confounded by the Romans with Jupiter.

In

Tarannon-shale (ta-ran'on-shal), n. geol. a pale-coloured shale constituting the upper member of the Llandovery formation of Silurian rocks. It has few fossils. Tarantass (tar-an-tas'), n. A large covered travelling carriage without springs, but balanced on long poles which serve the purpose, and without seats, much used in Russia. Tarantella (tar-an-tella), n. [It., older form tarantola, a spider. See TARANTULA.] A swift, whirling Italian dance in six-eight measure; also, the music suited for the Tarantism, Tarantismus (ta-ranʼtizm, tardance. an-tiz'mus), n. [It. tarantismo. See TARANTULA] 1. A fabulous disease, said to have been endemic in the neighbourhood of Tarentum, characterized by an excessive desire to dance to the sound of musical instruments, and popularly supposed to be Accaused by the bite of the tarantula. cording to others, the disease consisted in a state of somnolency, which could not be overcome except by music and dancing. 2. A disease in its effects resembling St. Vitus's dance and leaping ague. Tarantula (ta-ran'tu-la), n. [It. tarantella, formerly tarantola; Fr. tarentule, from L. Tarentum, now Taranto, in the south of Italy, in whose vicinity the animal is found.] 1. A kind of spider, the Lycosa tarantula, found in some of the warmer parts of Italy. When full it grown is about the size of a chestnut, and is of a

brown colour. Tarantula (Lycosa tarantula). Its bite was at a, Arrangement of the eyes. one time sup

posed to be dangerous, and to cause the disease called tarantism (which see); it is now known not to be worse than the sting of a common wasp.

Such three weeks of swearing! Saw the sun ever such a swearing people? Have they been bit by a swearing tarantula i Carlyle.

2. A dance; also, the music to which it is performed. See TARANTELLA. Tarantulated (ta-ran'tu-lat-ed), p. and a. Bitten by a tarantula; suffering from tarantism.

Taraquira (tar-a-kë'ra), n.

A species of

American lizard. Taraxacine (ta-rak’sa-sin), n A crystallizable substance extracted from the Taraxacum officinale or dandelion, and on which the active diuretic and tonic properties of the rootstock probably depend. Taraxacum (ta-rak'sa-kum), n. [From old tarasacon, Ar. or Per. tarashaqun, taraxacum or wild endive.] A genus of plants, nat. order Compositae. T. officinale is the dandelion (which see).

Taraxis (ta-rak'sis), n. [Gr., from tarassō, to confound.] A slight inflammation of the eye.

Tarboggin (tär-bogʻin), n. The name in Canada for a light sleigh or sledge. Also called Toboggin.

Tarboosh, Tarbouche (tär bösh), n. [Ar. name.] A red woollen skull-cap, usually ornamented with a blue silk tassel, and worn by the Egyptians, Turks, and Arabs; a fez. Tarcelt (tar'sel), n. See TERCEL. Tardationt (tär-da'shon), n. [From L. tardo, tardatum, to make slow, from tardus, slow. See TARDY] The act of retarding or delaying; retardation. Bailey. Tardigrada (tär'di-grã-da), n. pl. 1. Cuvier's name for the first family of edentate mammals or quadrupeds, comprising, of living genera, the sloth only. See SLOTH.-2. A family of mites. Same as Macrobiotida (which see).

TARENTISM

Tardigrade (tärʼdi-grad), a. [L. tardigradus -tardus, slow, and gradus, step.] 1. Slowpaced; moving or stepping slowly. George Eliot.-2. Of or pertaining to the family Tardigrada.

Tardigrade (tär‍di-grād), n. One of the Tardigrada.

Tardigradous† (tär'di-gråd-us), a. Moving, walking, or stepping slowly; slow-paced. 'A slow and tardigradous animal.' Sir T.

Browne.

Tardily (tär'di-li), adv. In a tardy manner; with slow pace or motion; slowly. Shak. Tardiness (tar'di-nes), n. The state or quality of being tardy; as, (a) slowness, or the slowness of motion or pace. (b) Unwillingness; reluctance manifested by slowness. (c) Lateness; as, the tardiness of witnesses or jurors in attendance; the tardiness of students in attending prayers or recitation. Slowness; Tarditation (tar-di-ta'shon), n. tardity. To instruct them to avoid all snares of tarditation in the Lord's affairs. Herrick.

Tardity (tär'di-ti), n. [L. tarditas, from tardus, slow.] Slowness; tardiness.

Our explication includes time in the notions of velocity and tardity. Sir K. Digby. Tardo (tär dō), a. [It.] In music, a term signifying that the piece to which it is affixed is to be performed slowly. Tardy (tardi), a. [Fr. tardif, tardy, slow, backward, as if from a form tardivus, froni L. tardus, slow (whence retard).] 1. Moving with a slow pace or motion; slow. Check the tardy flight of time.' Sandys.-2. Late; dilatory; not being up to time. The tardy plants in our cold orchards plac'd.' Waller.

You may freely censure him for being tardy in his payments. Arbuthnot.

3. Characterized by or proceeding from reluctance; unwilling to move or act; hanging back 'Tardy to vengeance, and with mercy brave.' Prior.-To take one tardy.t to take or come upon one unprepared, unready, or unaware.

But if thou think'st I took thee tardy,
And darest presume to be so hardy,

To try thy fortune o'er afresh,

I'll wave my title to thy flesh.

Hudibras.

Tardyt (tär'di), v. t. pret. & pp. tardied; ppr. tardying. To delay; to make tardy; to hinder.

Which had been done, But that the good mind of Camillo tardied My swift command. Shak. Tare (tár), n. [Probably shortened from some of the provincial names such as tarefitch, targrass, which seem to be from the provincial tare, brisk, eager; comp. quickgrass.] The common name of different species of Vicia, a genus of leguminous plants, known also by the name of vetch. There are numerous species and varieties of tares or vetches, many of which have been proposed to be introduced into general cultivation, but that which is found best adapted for agricultural purposes is the common tare (Vicia sativa), of which there are two principal varieties, the summer and winter tare. They afford excellent food for horses and cattle, and hence are extensively cultivated throughout Europe. (See VETCH.) The name tare is also given to two British vetches which are sometimes separated from Vicia under the name of Ervum, E. hirsutum, or hairy tare, and E. Both are tetraspermum, or smooth tare. annuals, and are found growing in fields and hedges. The tare mentioned in Scripture (Mat. xiii. 36) is supposed to be the Lolium temulentum or darnel (which see). Tare (tär), n. [Fr. tare, Pr. It. and Sp. tara, O. Sp. atara, tare; from Ar. tarha, or, with the article, at-tarha, waste, tare.] In com. a deduction made from the gross weight of goods as equivalent to the real or approximate weight of the cask, box, bag, or other package containing them. Tare is said to be real when the true weight of the package is known and allowed for, average when it is estimated from similar known cases, and customary when a uniform rate is deducted. Tare (tar), v. t. pret. & pp. tared; ppr. taring. To ascertain or mark the amount of tare. Tare (tár), a pret. of tear, now obsolete or poetical.

Dragons of the prime
That fare each other in their slime. Tennyson.

Tarentella (tar-en-tella), n. Same as Tarantella.

Tarentism (ta-ren'tizm), a. Same as Tarantism (which see).

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That on the field his targe he threw, Whose brazen studs and tough bull-hide Had death so often dash'd aside. Sir W. Scott. Targe, Tairge (tärj, tarj), v.t. [A. Sax. tirigan, tyrgan, D. tergen, to vex, provoke, irritate. See TAR, to incite.] [Scotch.] 1. To beat; to strike.-2. To keep in order or under discipline.

Callum Beg took this opportunity of discharging an obligation, by mounting guard over the hereditary tailor of Slioch nan Ivor; and, as he expressed himself, targed him tightly till the finishing of the job. Sir W. Scott.

3. To rate or reprimand severely.-4. To exercise; to catechize or cross-examine severely. Burns.

Target (target), n. [Formerly written also targuet, a dim. form from O. Fr. targue (also targe), a kind of targuet or shield almost square' (Cotgrave); targué, 'armed or covered with a targuet' (Cotgrave); the French being probably taken from O.H. G. zarga, Mod. G. zarge, a frame, border, brim, &c. The word in similar forms is widely spread, probably by borrowing.] 1. A shield or buckler of a small kind, circular in form,

Leather-covered Highland Target.

cut out of ox-hide, mounted on light but strong wood, and strengthened by bosses, spikes, &c., often covered externally with a considerable amount of ornamental work. These four came all a-front and mainly thrust at me. I made me no more ado, but took all their seven points in my target, thus. Shak.

2. The mark set up to be aimed at in archery, musketry, or artillery practice and the like. An archery target usually consists of leather or canvas stuffed with straw, and painted with concentric rings of various colours, the centre generally golden. The targets used in rifle practice in Britain are generally square or oblong metal plates, and are divided into three or more sections, called bull's-eye, inner (or centre), and outer, counting from the centre of the target to its edges; some targets have an additional division called a magpie, situated between the outer and the inner. It is the marksman's aim to put his shots as near the central point as possible, as if he hits the bull's-eye there are counted in his favour 5 points, the centre 4 points, the magpie 3 points, and the outer 2 points or some similar proportions.

Targeted (tär'get-ed), a. Furnished or armed with a target; having a defensive covering like a target. Not rough and targeted as the rhinoceros.' Bp. Gauden. Targeteer, Targetier (tär-get-er'), n. One armed with a target.

For horsemen and for targetiers none could with him compare. Chapman. Targum (tär'gum), n. [Chal. targum, interpretation, from targem, to interpret.] A translation or paraphrase of the Hebrew Scriptures in the Aramaic or Chaldee language or dialect, which became necessary after the Babylonish captivity, when Hebrew began to die out as the popular language. The Targum, long preserved by oral transmission, does not seem to have been committed to writing until the first centuries of the Christian era. The most ancient and valuable of the extant Targums are those ascribed to or called after Onkelos and Jonathan Ben Uzziel. All the Targums taken

310

together form a paraphrase of the whole of the Old Testament, except Nehemiah, Ezra, and Daniel.

Targumist (tär'gum-ist), n. The writer of a Targum; one versed in the language and literature of the Targums. Milton. Tarhood (tär hud), n. The state of being a tar or sailor; sailors collectively. H. Walpole. Tarian (tari-an ), n. [W.] A kind of ancient British shield.

Tariff (tarif), n. [Fr. tarif, Sp. tarifa, from the Ar. tarif, explanation, information, a list of things, particularly of fees to be paid, from 'arafa, to inform.] 1. A list or table of goods with the duties or customs to be paid for the same, either on importation or exportation; a list or table of duties or customs to be paid on goods imported or exported whether such duties are imposed by the government of a country or agreed on by the governments of two countries holding commerce with each other. The principle of a tariff depends upon the commercial policy of the state by which it is framed, and the details are constantly fluctuating with the change of interests and the wants of the community, or in pursuance of commercial treaties with other states.2. A table or scale of charges generally.3. In the United States, the term applied to a law of congress fixing the import duties. Tariff (tarif), v.t. To make a list of duties on, as on imported goods.

Tarin (tarin), n. [Fr.] The siskin. Tarlatan (tarla-tan), n. [Perhaps Milanese tarlantanna, linsey-woolsey.] A thin cotton stuff, resembling gauze, used in ladies' dresses.

Tarn (tärn), n. [Icel. tjörn, a tarn.] 1. A small mountain lake or pool, especially one which has no visible feeders. Fled like a glittering rivulet to the tarn.' Tennyson. And soon a score of fires I ween,

From height, and hill, and cliff were seen,
They gleamed on many a dusky tarn,
Haunted by the lonely earn.
Sir W. Scott.

2. A bog; a marsh; a fen. [Local.] Tarnation (tär-na'shon), n. A euphemistic substitute for Damnation: a softened oath in use among Americans. Used also adjectively and adverbially; as, it's tarnation strange. 'A tarnation long word.' Ld. Lytton.

Tarnish (tär'nish), v. t. [Fr. ternir, to make dim, ppr. ternissant, from 0.H.G. tarnjan, to cover, to conceal; cog. A. Sax. dernan, Sc. dern, to conceal, to hide; A. Sax. derne, secretly.] 1. To soil by an alteration induced by the air, or by dust, and the like; to diminish or destroy the lustre of; to sully; as, to tarnish a metal; to tarnish gilding; to tarnish the brightness or beauty of colour.-2. To give, as to gold or silver, a pale or dim cast with out either polishing or burnishing it.-3. To diminish or destroy the purity of; to cast a stain upon; to sully; as, to tarnish reputation or honour.

Let him pray for resolution, that he may discover nothing that may discredit the cause, tarnish the glory, and weaken the example of the suffering. Jeremy Collier.

Tarnish (tär'nish), v.i. To lose lustre; to become dull; as, polished substances or gilding will tarnish in the course of time.

If a fine object should tarnish by having a great many see it, or the music should run mostly into one man's ears, these satisfactions would be made inclosure. Jeremy Collier.

Tarnish (tär'nish), n. A spot; a blot; soiled

state.

Tarnisher (tär'nish-ér), n. One who or that which tarnishes.

Taro (tä'ro), n. [Native name.] A plant of the genus Colocasia, C. esculenta, C. macrorhiza, and other species, nat. order Araceæ, cultivated in the Pacific Islands for the sake of its esculent root, which, although pungent and acrid in its natural state, becomes mild and palatable by washing or boiling after being deprived of its rind. A pleasant flour is also made of the roots or tuber, and the leaves are used as spinach. The name is also given to the allied Caladium esculenta, whose tuberous root and leaves are used in the same manner. Taro (tä'ro), n. A Maltese money of account, worth about 13d. sterling. Taroc (tarok), n. A game at cards played with seventy-eight cards. Tarpan (tär'pan), n. The wild horse of Tartary, belonging to one of those races which are by some authorities regarded as original, and not descended from domestic animals. They are not larger than an ordinary mule, are migratory, and have a toler

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tion.

Tarpaulin, Tarpauling (tär-pa'lin, tär-paling), n. [Tar, and O. E. pauling, a covering for a cart or wagon, equivalent to palling. See PALL.] 1. Canvas well daubed with tar, and used to cover the hatchways, boats, &c., on shipboard, and also to protect agricultural produce, goods in transit, &c., from the effects of the weather.-2. A sailor's hat covered with painted or tarred cloth; a painted or tarred canvas cover generally.3. A sailor. [Colloq.]

To a landsman, these tarpaulins, as they were called, seemed a strange and half-savage race. Macaulay. Written also Tarpawling. Tarpeian (tär-pe'i-an), a. Epithet of a rock on the Capitoline hill at Rome over which persons convicted of treason to the state were hurled. It was so named, according to tradition, from Tarpeia, a vestal virgin of Rome, and daughter of the governor of the citadel on the Capitoline, who, covetous of the golden bracelets worn by the Sabine soldiery, opened the gate to them on the promise of receiving what they wore on their left arms. Disgusted with her treachery they overwhelmed and crushed her to death with their shields, and she was buried at the base of the rock.

Bear him to the rock Tarpeian, and from thence
Into destruction cast him.
Shak

Tarquinish (tär'kwin-ish), a. Like Tarquin,
a king of Rome; proud; haughty.
Tarrace, Tarrass (tar'as), n. [G. tarrass,
trass, tarrace, probably of similar origin to
Fr. terrasse, earthwork, from terre, L. terra,
earth.] A volcanic earth of the Eifel dis-
trict of the Rhine used as a cement; also, a
plaster or cement made in Holland from a
soft rock near Collen. Written also Terrace
and Trass. See TRASS.
Tarragon (tar'a-gon), n. [O. Fr. targon (Mod.
Fr. estragon), Sp. taragona, It. targone, tar-
ragon, from L.L. name draco, for the proper
Latin name dracunculus, a dim. of draco, a
dragon.] A plant of the genus Artemisia,
A. Dracunculus, used for perfuming vinegar
in France.

Tarret (tär), v.t. To stimulate; to urge on;
to provoke. See TAR, to provoke.
Like a dog that is compelled to fight.
Snatch at his master that doth tarre him on.

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Writs of error are the tarriers that keep his client Sir T. Overbury. undoing somewhat the longer. Tarrock (tar'ok), n. [Greenland tatarrok, tarrock.] A name given to the young of the Larus tridactylus, or kittiwake gull. See KITTIWAKE.

Tarrow (tar'o), v.i. To delay; to hesitate; to feel reluctance; to loathe; to refuse [Scotch.]

Tarry (tar'i), v.i. pret. & pp. tarried; ppr. tarrying. [This word seems to be due to the confusion of two others. . These two

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