WATCH

Watch (woch), v. t. 1. To look with close attention at or on; to keep carefully and constantly in view or supervision; to keep a sharp look-out on or for; to observe, notice, or regard with vigilance and care; to keep an eye upon.

And they watched him and sent forth spies, that they might take hold of his words.

Luke xx. 20. Lie not a night from home; watch me like Argus. Shak. 2. To have in keeping; to tend; to guard. Flaming ministers watch and tend their charge. Milton. Paris watch'd the flocks in the groves of Ida. Broome. 3. To look for; to wait for.

We will stand and watch your pleasure. Shak. 4. In falconry, to keep awake; to keep from sleep, as a hawk, for the purpose of exhausting and taming it.

My lord shall never rest; I'll watch him tame, and talk him out of patience. Shak. -To watch out, to observe carefully the outgoing or departure of.

Noah held the door open, and watched her out. Dickens. Thank God!' said Mr. T. as he watched her out. Mrs. Gaskell. Watch-barrel (woch'bar-el), n. The brass box in a watch, containing the mainspring. Watch-bell (woch'bel), n. A large bell in ships which is struck when the half-hour glass is run out, to make known the time or division of the watch.

Watch-bill (woch'bil), n. A list of the officers and crew of a ship, who are appointed to the watch, together with the several stations to which each man belongs. Watch-box (woch'boks), n. A sentry-box. Watch-case (woch'kas), n. A case for a watch. In the following passage from the second part of Henry IV. iii. 1 some commentators define watch-case as the case or box of a watch (watchman) or sentry; others as the case or framework of a watch or clock within which continual restless motion is kept up.

O thou dull god (sleep), why liest thou with the vile In loathsome beds, and leavest the kingly couch A watch-case, or a common 'larum-bell? Shak. Watch-dog (woch'dog), n. A dog kept to watch premises and property, and give notice of intruders by barking or the like. 'Tis sweet to hear the watch-dog's honest bark, Bay deep-mouth'd welcome as we draw near home. Byron.

Watcher (woch'èr), n. One who or that which watches; one who sits up and continues awake; particularly, one who attends upon the sick during the night.

The mariners all appeared in watchet or sky-blue cloth. Milton. Watch-fire (woch'fir), n. A fire maintained during the night as a signal, or for the use of a watching party, guard, sentinels, &c. Watchful (woch'ful), a. Full of watch or vigilance; careful to observe; observant; cautious; wary; vigilant. It has of before the thing to be regulated; as, to be watchful of one's behaviour; and against before the thing to be avoided; as, to be watchful against the growth of vicious habits. "The snares of watchful tyranny.' Shak. 'Nodding a while and watchful of his blow.' Dryden. Watchful against whatever might conceal or misrepresent.' Locke. Watchfully (woch'fyl-li), adv.

In a watchful manner; vigilantly; heedfully; with careful observation of the approach of evil or attention to duty.

He must watchfully look to his own steps, who is Barrow. to guide others. Watchfulness (woch'ful-nes), n. The state or quality of being watchful; as, (a) wakefulness; sleeplessness.

Thus she all night wore out in watchfulness. Spenser. (b) Careful and diligent observation for the purpose of preventing or escaping danger, or of avoiding mistakes or misconduct; vigilance; heedfulness; heed.

By a solicitous watchfulness about one's behaviour, instead of being mended, it will be constrained. Locke.

601

Watch-glass (woch'glas), n. 1. An hour or half-hour glass used on board ships to measure the time of a watch on deck.-2. A concavo-convex glass for covering the face or dial of a watch.

Watch-guard (woch'gärd), n. A chain, cord, ribbon, &c., by which a watch is attached to the person.

Watch-gun (woch'gun), n. The gun which is fired on board ships of war at the setting of the watch in the evening and relieving it in the morning.

Watch-house (woch'hous), n. 1. A house in which a watch or guard is placed.-2. A house where the night watchmen assemble previous to the hour at which they enter upon their respective beats, and where disturbers of the peace, seized by them during the night, are lodged and kept in custody till morning, when they are brought before a magistrate; a lock-up.

Watch-key (woch'ke), n. A small key with a square tube to fit the winding arbor of a watch, and by which the watch is wound up by re-coiling the mainspring. Watch-light (woch'lit), n. A light used while sitting up or watching during the night; especially, in former times, a candle with a rush wick.

The art

Watchmaker (woch'māk-ér), n. One whose occupation is to make and repair watches. Watchmaking (woch'mak-ing), n. or operation of making watches; the business or occupation of a watchmaker. Watchman (woch'man), n. A person set to keep watch; as, (a) a sentinel; a guard. Our watchmen from the towers, with longing eyes, Expect his swift arrival. Dryden.

(b) One who guards the streets of a city or town, or a large building by night. 'The melancholy tone of a watchman at midnight.' Swift.

Watch-night (woch'nit), n. Among Methodists and kindred bodies, the last night of the year, on which occasion religious services are held till the advent of the Newyear.

Watch-paper (woch'pã-pèr), n. An oldfashioned fancy ornament, or thin tissue lining, for the inside of a watch-case. Watch-pocket (woch'pok-et), n. A small pocket in a dress for carrying a watch; also, a similar pocket in the head-curtain of a bed, or the like.

Watch-rate (woch'rāt), n. A rate authorized to be levied in England for watching and lighting a parish or borough. Watch-spring (woch'spring), n. The mainspring of a watch.

Watch-tower (woch'tou-ér), n. A tower on which a sentinel is placed to watch for enemies, the approach of danger, or the like.

Watchword (woch'wêrd), n. 1. The word given to sentinels, and to such as have occasion to visit the guards, used as a signal by which a friend is known from an enemy, or a person who has a right to pass the watch, from one who has not; a countersign; a password. Hence-2. Any preconcerted indication or a direction eagerly watched for, as a signal for action.

All have their ears upright, waiting when the watch word should come, that they should all arise into rebellion. Spenser.

3. A word used as a motto, as expressive of a principle or rule of action. Nor deal in watchwords overmuch.' Tennyson.

'Now' is the constant syllable ticking from the clock of time. Now' is the watchword of the wise. 'Now' is on the banner of the prudent. Dr. Parr. Watch-work (woch'wèrk), n. The machinery of a watch.

Water (wa'ter), n. [O.E. watere, weter, weater, A. Sax. water; O. Sax. watar, D. and L.G. water, G. wasser. The Scandinavian forms are somewhat different: Dan. vand (for vadn), Icel. vatn, Sw. vatten; similarly Goth. vato (pl. vatna). From a root vad, ud, seen also in L. udus, wet, unda, a wave; Gr. hydör, Skr. udan, water. Akin wet. Otter is also from this root, lit., the water animal.] 1. A fluid, the most abundant and most necessary for living beings of any in nature, except air.

Water, when

pure, is transparent, inodorous, tasteless; a powerful refractor of light, an imperfect conductor of heat and electricity; it is very slightly compressible, its absolute diminution for a pressure of one atmosphere being only about 513 millionths of its bulk. Although water is colourless in small quantities, it is blue like the atmosphere when viewed in mass. It assumes the solid form,

WATER

In

that of ice or snow, at 32° F., and all lower
temperatures; and it takes the form of va-
pour or steam at 212° F. under a pressure of
29.9 ins. of mercury, and retains that form
at all higher temperatures. Under ordinary
conditions water possesses the liquid form
only at temperatures lying between 32° and
212. It is, however, possible to cool water
very considerably below 32' F. and yet main-
tain it in the liquid form; the vessel con-
taining the water must be perfectly clean,
and the water must be maintained in a state
of perfect rest. Water may also be heated,
under pressure, many degrees above 212° F.
without passing into the state of steam. The
specific gravity of water is 1 at 39° 2 F., being
the unit to which the specific gravities of all
solids and liquids are referred, as a con-
venient standard, on account of the facility
with which it is obtained in a pure state;
one cubic inch of water at 62° F., and 299
inches, barometrical pressure, weighs 252-458
grains. Distilled water is 815 times heavier
than atmospheric air. Water is at its
greatest density at 39°2 F. (=4° C), and in
this respect it presents a singular exception
to the general law of expansion by heat. If
water at 39°2 F. be cooled, it expands as
it cools till reduced to 32°, when it soli-
difies; and if water at 392 F. be heated,
it expands as the temperature increases
in accordance with the general law.
a chemical point of view water exhibits
in itself neither acid nor basic properties;
but it combines with both acids and bases
forming hydrates; it also combines with
neutral salts. Water also enters, as a liquid,
into a peculiar kind of combination with
the greater number of all known substances.
Of all liquids water is the most powerful
and general solvent, and on this important
property its use depends. Without water
not only the operations of the chemist but
the processes of animal and vegetable life
would come to a stand. In consequence of
the great solvent power of water it is never
Even in rain-water,
found pure in nature.
which is the purest, there are always traces
of carbonic acid, ammonia, and sea-salt.
Where the rain-water has filtered through
rocks and soils, and reappears as spring or
river water, it is always more or less charged
with salts derived from the earth, such as
sea-salt, gypsum, and chalk. When the pro-
portion of these is small the water is called
soft, when larger it is called hard water.
The former dissolves soap better, and is
therefore preferred for washing; the latter
is often pleasanter to drink. The only way
to obtain perfectly pure water is to distil
it. Distilled water is preserved in clean
well stopped bottles, and used in chemical
operations. Water is reposited in the earth
in inexhaustible quantities, where it is pre-
served fresh and cool, and from which it
issues in springs, which form streams and
rivers. But the great reservoirs of water on
the globe are the ocean, seas, and lakes,
which cover more than three-fifths of its
surface, and from which it is raised by
evaporation, and, uniting with the air in the
state of vapour, is wafted over the earth
ready to be precipitated in the form of rain,
snow, or hail. Water is a compound sub-
stance, consisting of hydrogen and oxygen,
in the proportion of 2 volumes of the for-
mer gas to 1 volume of the latter; or by
weight it is composed of 2 parts of hydrogen
united with 16 parts of oxygen. Its formula
is H2O.-2. Water collected in a body; the
ocean; a sea; a lake; a river; any collection
of water. 'Such as travel by land or by
water.' Common Prayer.

She walks the waters like a thing of life,
And seems to dare the elements to strife. Byron.
On one side lay the Ocean, and on one
Lay a great water, and the moon was full.
Tennyson.

3. Water from the heavens; rain.

By sudden floods and fall of waters, Buckingham's army is dispersed and scatter'd. Shak.

4. Used of other fluids, liquid secretions, humours, &c.; as, (a) tears. 'Command these fretting waters from your eyes.' Shak. (b) Urine; the animal liquor secreted by the kidneys and discharged from the bladder. Shak. 5. The colour or lustre of a diamond or pearl, sometimes perhaps of other precious stones; as, a diamond of the first water, that is, perfectly pure and transparent. the figurative phrase, a man or a genius of the first water, that is, of the first excellence. 'Diamonds of a most praised water' Shak. -Water bewitched, a term applied to any

Hence

WATER

very weak liquid or greatly diluted drink. 'No more than water bewitched. Swift.

Another book... is of much more stupid character; nearly meaningless indeed, mere water bewit ched. Carlyle.

-Water of crystallization, the water which unites chemically with many salts during the act of crystallizing. It forms an essential part of the crystal, but not of the salt, and is easily expelled by heat, when the crystals generally fall to powder. --To hold water, to be able to retain water without leaking; hence, tight; sound; and fig. correct; valid; wellgrounded and developed: said of arguments, theories, and the like. Inequalities of proceeding will never hold water.' Sir R. L'Estrange. Mineral waters. See under MINERAL-Strong waters, brandy, liquors, &c. [This term, once much in use, is now almost obsolete.]

Water (water), v. t. 1. To irrigate; to overflow with water, or to wet with water; as, to water land; showers water the earth.

Alas! our young affections run to waste
Or water but the desert.

Byron.

2. To supply with water or streams of water; as, a country well watered with rivers and rivulets.-3. To supply with water for drink; as, to water cattle and horses.

Would the fountain of your mind were clear again, that I might water an ass at it. Shak.

4. To subject to a calendering process, as silk, &c., in order to make it exhibit a variety of undulated reflections and plays of light; to diversify as if with waves. Velvet and watered silk.' Locke.-5. To increase by the unwarrantable issue of new shares; as, to water the capital stock of a company by throwing new shares on the market for the purpose of deceiving the unwary as to the actual state of the company. [Commercial slang.]

Water (wa'ter), v.i. 1. To shed water or liquid matter; as, his eyes began to water.— 2. To get or take in water; as, the ship put into port to water.-3. To make water; to void urine. Prior.-4. To drink; to swallow liquor.

They call drinking deep, dyeing scarlet; and when you breathe in your watering, they cry 'hem!' Shak. 5. To gather saliva as a symptom of appetite; to have a longing desire. There was a Spaniard's mouth so watered.' Shak. Waterage (wa'tèr-aj), n. Money paid for transportation by water.

Water-aloe (wa'ter-al-o), n. See WATER

SOLDIER.

Water-apple (wa'tér-ap-1), n. A tree and its fruit of the genus Anona (A. reticulata). See CUSTARD-APPLE.

Water-avens (wa'tér-av-enz), n. See AVENS. Water-back (wa'tér-bak), n. An iron chamber or reservoir at the back of a cookingrange or stove, to utilize the heat of the fire in keeping a supply of hot water. Water-bailiff (wa'ter-ba-lif), n. 1. A custom-house officer in a port town for searching ships.-2. A former officer of the London corporation who saw to the observance of the statutes and bye-laws applicable to the river Thames. - 3. One who watches a salmon river to prevent poaching. Water-barometer (wa'tér-ba-rom-et-êr), n. A barometer in which water is substituted for mercury. See under BAROMETER. Water-barrel (wa'tér-bar-el), n. 1. A watercask.-2. In mining, a large wrought-iron barrel with a self-acting valve in the bottom, used in drawing water where there are no pumps. E. H. Knight. Water-bath (wa'tér-bath), n. 1. A bath composed of water, in contradistinction from a vapour-bath.-2. In chem. a large deep bath of water at a certain temperature, in which vessels may stand for the purpose of heat or evaporation.-3. A bain-marie (which see). Water-battery (wa'ter-bat-tér-i), n. elect. a voltaic battery in which water is the liquid used to excite electric action. Water-bean (wa'tér-bên), n. A plant, Nelumbium speciosum. See NELUMBIUM. Water-bear (wa'tér-bár), n. The popular name for the members of the family Macrobiotidæ, or bear-animalcules. See MACROBIOTIDE.

In

Water-bearer (wa'tér-bár-ér), n. In astron. a sign of the zodiac. See AQUARIUS. Water-bearing (wa'ter-bar-ing),n. In mach. a device in which water or steam pressure is employed to counterbalance the downward pressure upon a rotating shaft, thereby obviating friction. E. H. Knight. Water-bed (wa'tér-bed), n. A bed composed of water covered by a caoutchouc mattress,

602

on which a patient rests. By this bed all sensible pressure on any part of the body is removed, so that bed-sores are averted and great relief from suffering effected. Called also Hydrostatic Bed. Water-beetle (wa'tér-be-tl), n. See DYTIS

CIDE.

It

Water-bellows (wa'ter-bel-lōz), n. A machine for blowing air into a furnace. consists of two or more inverted vessels suspended from the ends of a working-beam, and alternately rising and falling in cisterns which are nearly full of water, there being an induction-pipe and an eduction-pipe for each vessel, having their ends rising inside the vessel above the surface of the water, the induction-pipe having a valve at top, the eduction-pipe one at bottom, so that the air cannot pass in the wrong direction. Water-betony (water-bet-o-ní), n. A plant, Scrophularia aquatica. See BETONY. Water-bird (wa'ter-bérd), n. A bird that frequents the water.

Water-blinks (wa'tér-blingks), n. A British plant, Montia fontana. See MONTIA. Water-boatman (wa'tér-bōt-man), n. The boat-fly, a hemipterous insect of the genus Notonecta (N. glauca). See BOAT-FLY. Water-borne (wa'tér-börn), n. Borne by the water; floated; having water sufficient to float; as, ships water-borne by the flowing tide. Smollett.

Water-bottle (wa'tèr-bot-1), n. A glass toilet bottle; a bottle for holding water at table.

Water-brash (wa'tèr-brash), n. A form of indigestion, otherwise called Pyrosis (which see). Called also Water-qualm. Water-break (wa'tér-brak), n. A wavelet or ripple. [Rare.]

Many a silvery water break Above the golden gravel. Tennyson. Water-bridge (wa'tér-brij), n. In steamboilers, a hollow partition at the back of a furnace communicating with the other water spaces, and forming part of the heating surface. Called also Water-table. Water-budget, Water-bouget (wa'tér-bujet, wa'ter-bö-jet), n. A heraldic device intended to represent a vessel, or rather two vessels connected by a yoke, anciently

1, Modern form. 2 and 3, Ancient forms. used by soldiers for carrying water in long marches and desert places; and also by water-carriers, to convey water from conduits to the houses of the citizens. It is a bearing frequent in English coat-armour. See BOUGET.

Water-bug (wa'tèr-bug), n. The popular name for insects of the tribe Hydrocorisæ. Water-butt (water-but), n. A large openheaded cask, usually set up on end in an outhouse or close to a dwelling, serving as a reservoir for rain or pipe water. Water-caltrops (wa'ter-kal-trops), n. 1. An aquatic plant of the genus Potamogeton, nat. order Naiadaceæ, or pond-weeds. — 2. An aquatic plant of the genus Trapa. See under CALTROP.

Water-carriage (wą’têr-kar-rij), n. 1. Transportation or conveyance by water, or the means of transporting by water.-2. ↑ Means of conveyance by water; a vessel or boat.

The most brittle water-carriage was used among the Egyptians, who, as Strabo saith, would sail sometimes in boats made of earthenware. Arbuthnot. Water-cart (wa'tèr-kärt), n. A cart carrying water for sale or for watering streets, gardens, &c. For the latter purpose the cart bears a large cask or tank of water, which, by means of a tube or tubes perfor ated with holes, is sprinkled on roads and streets to prevent dust from rising, or in gardens to water plants.

Water-cask (wa'ter kask), n. A large strong hooped barrel, used in ships for holding water for the use of those on board. Iron tanks are now preferred to wooden casks. Water-caster (wa'tèr-kast-ér), n. [Water= urine, and cast, as in cast a nativity.'] A quack who professes to discover the diseases of his patients by examining their urine.

WATER-DROPWORT

Water-cement (wa'têr-se-ment), n. A cement which possesses the property of hardening under water, and is therefore em. ployed in structures which are built under water; and also for lining cisterns, for coating damp walls on basement stories, &c See CEMENT, POZZOLANA Water-chestnut (wa'tér-ches-nut), n. A plant, Trapa natans. See TRAPA. Water-chickweed (wa'tér-chik-wed), nh Same as Water-blinks.

Water-clock (wa'tér-klok), n. The clepsydra; an instrument or machine serving to measure time by the discharge of water. See CLEPSY DRA.

Water-closet (wa'tèr-kloz-et), n. A privy having a contrivance for carrying off the discharges by means of water through a waste-pipe below.

Water-colour (wa'tér-kul-ér), a. In painting, a colour carefully ground up with water and isinglass or other mucilage instead of oil Water-colours are often prepared in the form of small cakes dried hard, which can be rubbed on a moistened palette when wanted. Moist water-colours in a semi-fluid state are also used; they are generally kept in metal tubes, which preserve them from drying up: often used adjectively; as, a water-colour drawing.-Water-colour painting, (a) a species of painting in which the medium of representation is water-colours instead of oil-colours. (b) A painting done in water-colours.

Water-colourist (wa'tèr-kul-ér-ist), a. One who paints in water-colours. Watercourse (wa'ter-kōrs), n. 1. A stream of water; a river or brook.

A riotous confluence of watercourses ... Where all but yester eve was dusty dry. Tennyson 2. A channel or canal made for the convey. ance of water.-3. In law, a right to the benefit or flow of a river or stream, including that of having the course of the stream kept free from any interruption or disturbance, to the prejudice of the proprietor, by the acts of persons without his own territory, whether owing to a diversion of the water or to its obstruction or pollution. Water-craft (wa'tér-kraft), n. Vessels and boats plying on water.

Water-crake (wa'tér-krák), n. Same as Water-ousel.

Water-crane (wa'tèr-krán), n. An appar atus for supplying water from an elevated tank, as to the tender of a locomotive. Water-cress (wa'tér-kres), n. An aquatic plant, Nasturtium officinale. See NASTUR

TIUM.

Water-crow (wa'tér-krō), n. The waterousel or dipper (which see). [Scotch.] Water-crowfoot (wa'ter-kro-fot), n A common aquatic plant (Ranunculus aquatilis), with showy white flowers. Water-cure (wa'ter-kür), n. Hydropathy (which see).

Water-deck (wa'tér-dek), n. A painted piece of canvas used for covering the saddle and bridle, girths, &c., of a dragoon's horse. Water-devil (wa'ter-de-vil), a. A name sometimes given to the larva of a British aquatic insect of the genus Hydrophilus, the H. piceus, common in ponds and ditches. Water-dock (wa'tér-dok), n. In bot Rumex aquaticus and R. Hydrolapathum Water-doctor (wa'ter-dok-tér), . 1. A water-caster (which see).-2. A hydropathist (which see).

Water-dog (wa'tèr-dog), n. 1. A dog accus tomed to the water, and having remarkable swimming powers; specifically, a waterspaniel. See WATER-SPANIEL-2. A name given in some parts of the United States to various species of salamanders.-3. A name for small, irregular, floating clouds in a rainy season, supposed to indicate rain. [Provincial English and Scotch. 1-4. A sailor, especially an old sailor; a salt." [Colloq] Water-drain (wa'tèr-drân), A drain or Water-drainage (water-drán-aj), n. The draining off of water.

channel for water to run off.

Water-dressing (wa'tèr-dres-ing), a In surg. the treatment of wounds and ulcers by the application of water or of dressings saturated with water only. Dunglison Water-drop (wa'ter-drop), n. A drop of water; hence, a tear. 'Waste huge stones with little water-drops.' Shak.

Shak

Let not women's weapons, water-drops, Stain my man's cheeks. Water-dropwort (wa ́ter-drop-wèrt), a The common name of several British plants of the genus (Enanthe. See ENANTHE

Waterer (wa'tér-ér), n. One who waters. Cook.

Waterfall (wa'tèr-fal), n. 1. A fall or perpendicular descent of the water of a river or stream, or a descent nearly perpendicular; a cascade; a cataract.-2. A stock or neck-tie with long ends. [Colloq.]

A gaudy-figured satin waistcoat and waterfall of
the same material, and resplendent with jewellery.
Macmillan's Mag.
A naval battle.

Water-fight (wa’tér-fit), n.
Milton.
Water-flag (wa'têr-flag), n. A plant, Iris
Pseudacorus. Called also Yellow Iris and
Flower-de-lis. See IRIS.

Water-flannel (wa'ter-flan-nel), n. A plant, Conferva crispa, one of the algae, which forms beds of entangled filaments on the surface of water.

Water-flea (wa'tèr-fle), n. A name given to various small entomostracous crustaceans,

one of the most common of which is Daphnia pulex. (See DAPHNIA.) Another is the Polyphemus stagnorum, common in stagnant pools and ditches in some parts of Britain and of the continent of Europe. Water-flood (wa'ter-flud), n. A flood of water; an inundation.

Water-flowing (wa'tèr-flō-ing), a. Flowing like water; streaming.

My mercy dried their water flowing tears. Shak. Water-fly (wa'tér-fli), n. 1. An insect that is seen on the water; specifically, a member of the genus Perla.-2. Used as an emblem of emptiness and vanity. Dost know this water-fly? Shak.

Water-fowl (wa'tér-foul), n. 1. A bird that frequents the water, or lives about rivers, lakes, or on or near the sea; an aquatic fowl. The term is generally applied to web-footed birds, but sometimes employed also to include herons, plovers, and other birds which frequent rivers, lakes, and sea-shores. 2. Such birds collectively; wild-fowl. Water-fox (wa'tèr-foks), n. A name given to the carp on account of its supposed cunning. Iz. Walton.

Water-frame (wa'tèr-frām), n. The name given to Arkwright's frame for spinning cotton on account of its having been at first driven by water. Called also Throstle (which see).

Το

Water-furrow (wa'tér-fu-rō), n. In agri. a deep furrow made for conducting water from the ground and keeping it dry. Water-furrow (wa'ter-fu- rõ), v.t. plough or open water-furrows in; to drain by means of water-furrows. Tusser. Water-gage (wa'tér-gāj), n. Same as Water-gauge.

Water-gall (wa'têr-gal), n. [Water, and O. E. galle, Icel. galli, G. galle, fault, flaw, imperfection. ] 1. A cavity made in the earth by a torrent of water.-2. An appearance in the sky known from experience to presage the approach of rain; a rainbowcoloured spot; an imperfectly formed or a secondary rainbow; a weather-gall.

And round about her tear-distained eye
Blue circles streamed, like rainbows in the sky.
These water-galls in her dim element
Foretell new storms.

Shak.

False good news are always produced by true good, like the water-gall by the rainbow. H. Walpale. Water-gangt (wa'tèr-gang), n. A trench or course for conveying a stream of water. Water-gas (wa'ter-gas), n. An illuminating gas obtained by decomposing water. Steam is passed over red-hot coke, when the oxygen being absorbed the hydrogen and carbonic oxide are passed through a retort in which carbonaceous matter is undergoing decomposition, absorbing therefrom sufficient carbon to render it luminous when lighted. Water-gauge (wa'tér-gāj), n. 1. An instrument for measuring or ascertaining the depth or quantity of water, as in the boiler of a steam-engine.-2. A wall or bank to restrain or hold back water.

Water-gavel (wa'tèr-ga-vel), n. In law, a rent paid for fishing or any other benefit derived from some river. Water-germander (wa'têr-jêr-man”dér), n. A plant, Teucrium Scordium.

practises the art of water-gilding (which see). Water-gilding (wa'ter-gild-ing), n. The gilding of metallic surfaces by covering them with a dilute solution of nitrate of mercury and gold, called quick-water, and then volatilizing the mercury by heat. The gold is thus left adhering to the surface, upon which it is afterwards burnished. Called also Washgilding.

mea

Water-gladiole (wa'tèr- glad - i -¿1), n. A name given to the flowering-rush (Butomus umbellatus). See FLOWERING-RUSH. Water-glass (wa'tèr-glas), n. 1. A waterclock (which see). 'Full time sured by the water-glass.' Grote.-2. A soluble alkaline silicate made by boiling silica in an alkali, as soda or potassa, used to give surfaces, as of walls, a durable coat or covering resembling glass as a vehicle for colours in wall-painting and other purposes. A painting thus fixed has no gloss, and can be seen in all lights. Called also Soluble Glass. Water-god (wa'tèr-god), n. In myth. a deity that presides over the water. Water-gruel (wa'ter-grü-el), n. A liquid food composed of water and a small portion of meal or other farinaceous substance boiled and seasoned with salt.

I could eat water-gruel with thee a month for this jest, my dear rogue. B. Jonson.

Water-gut (wa'tér-gut), n. The common name of cryptogamic plants of the genus Enteromorpha, nat. order Ulvacea. The most general species, E. intestinalis, occurs in fresh as well as salt water, E. compressa being the more common species on tidal rocks. When floating in the water these plants very much resemble the intestines of an animal, hence the name. Water-hammer (wa'tér-ham-mėr), n. toy, consisting of a vessel partially filled with water, and from which the air is exhausted, the vessel being hermetically sealed. It is so called because when the water is shaken it strikes against the vessel with a noise similar to that of a hammer, there being no air to impede its motion.

A

Water-hemlock (wą - tér-hem'lok), n. A British plant (Cicuta virosa), growing in ditches, lakes, and rivers. See CICUTA. Water-hemp (wa'tér-hemp), n. A North American plant (Aenida cannabina), growing in salt marshes.

Water-hemp-agrimony (wa-ter-hemp'ag-ri-mon-i), n. A plant, Bidens tripartita. Eupatorium cannabinum is also called water-hemp-agrimony.

Water-hen (wa'tér-hen), n. A water-fowl of the genus Gallinula, the G. chloropus, belonging to the family Rallidae. It is known also by the names of Moorhen and Gallinule (which see).

Water-hog (wa'tér-hog), n. 1. A South American rodent mammal (Hydrochorus capybara) of aquatic habits. See CAPYBARA-2. A name sometimes given to an African genus of Suida (Potamochoerus) closely allied to the wart-hog. Water-horehound (wa-tér-hōr hound), n. A British plant, Lycopus europæus, called also Gypsy-wort (which see). Water-horse-tail (wa-ter-hors'tal), n. The common name of several British aquatic plants of the genus Chara, nat. order Char

aceæ.

Water-hyssop (wa-tèr-his'sop), n. A plant, Gratiola officinalis, nat. order Scrophulariaceæ. See GRATIOLA. Water-inch (wa'tér-insh), n. In hydraulics, a measure of water equal to the quantity discharged in 24 hours through a circular opening of 1 inch diameter leading from a reservoir, under the least pressure, that is, when the water is only so high as to merely cover the orifice. This quantity is 500 cubic feet very nearly. Wateriness (wa'tér-i-nes), n. The state of being watery. Arbuthnot. Watering (wa'ter-ing), n. 1. The act of overflowing or sprinkling with water; the act of supplying with water for drink or other purposes.-2. The place where water is supplied.-3. The process of giving a wave-like appearance to anything; a mode of ornamentation whereby a wave pattern is produced, or where the article subjected to the process is made to exhibit a wavy lustre and different plays of light; specifically, (a) A process of giving a wave-like appearance to fabrics by passing them between metallic rollers variously engraved, which bearing unequally upon the stuff render the surface unequal, so as to reflect

WATER-LOGGED

the light differently. (b) A similar effect produced on metal, as on a sword blade, by welding together various qualities of steel. (c) A similar effect produced in house-painting by wiping the ground with a dry brush, in a flowing or irregular manner, while wet with colour.

Same

Watering-call (wa'tèr-ing-kal), n. Milit a call or sound of a trumpet on which the cavalry assemble to water their horses. Watering-can (wa'tér-ing-kan), n. as Watering-pot. Watering-place (wa'ter-ing-plās), n. 1. A place where water may be obtained, as for a ship, for cattle, &c.-2. A town or place to which people resort at certain seasons in order to drink mineral waters, or for bathing, &c., as at the sea-side.

Watering-pot (wa'tèr-ing-pot), n. A hand vessel for sprinkling water on plants, and the like; a watering-can; a water-pot.Watering-pot shell, the popular name for a genus (Aspergillum) of lamellibranchiate mollusca belonging to the family Gastrochaenidae.

Watering-trough (wa'tèr-ing-trof), n. A trough in which cattle and horses drink. Waterish (wa'ter-ish), a. 1. Resembling water; watery; thin, as a liquor. 'Fed upon such nice and waterish diet.' Shak. Hence2. Fig. weak; insipid. Dryden.-3. Moist; somewhat watery; as, waterish land. 'Waterish Burgundy.' Shak.

Some parts of the earth grow moorish or waterisk, others dry. Sir M. Hale. Waterishness (wa'tèr-ish-nes), n. The state or quality of being waterish. Floyer. Water-laid (wa'tèr-lad), a. Applied to a certain kind of rope. See ROPE. Waterlander, Waterlandian (wa'terland-er, wa'tér-land-yan), n. A member of the more moderate of the two sections into which the Dutch Anabaptists became divided in the sixteenth century on the question of excommunication, both with regard to the strictness and severity with which it was applied, as well as the extent to which it reached, their opponents extending it to the relatives of the offender: so called from a district in Holland called Waterland.

Water-leaf (wa'tèr-lef), n. The common name of plants of the genus Hydrophyllum, so called from their having in the spring a small quantity of water in the cavity of each leaf.

Water-leg (wa'ter-leg), n. In steam-boilers, a vertical water space connecting other water spaces, and crossing a flue space, by which its contents are heated.

Water-lemon (wa'tèr-le-mon), n. A plant
of the genus Passiflora, the P. laurifolia.
See PASSIFLORA.
Waterless (wa'tèr-les), a.

water.

Destitute of

Alas! the snow shall be black and scalding, The sea waterless, fish in the mountain. Wyatt. Water-level (wa'ter-lev-el), n. 1. The level formed by the surface of still water.-2. A levelling instrument in which water is employed instead of mercury or spirit of wine. It consists of a glass tube containing water, open at both ends, and having the ends turned up. When the tube is placed on a

horizontal surface the water will stand at the same height in the turned up ends, and when placed in an inclined position the water will manifestly stand highest in the depressed end.

Hydraulic

Water-lily (wa'têr-lil-i), n. The common name of aquatic plants of the genera Nymphæa and Nuphar, distinguished for their beautiful flowers and large floating leaves. The royal water-lily is the Victoria regia. See NYMPHEA and NUPHAR Water-lime (wa'tèr-lim), n. lime. See under HYDRAULIC. Water-line (wa'tér-lin), n. In ship-building, one of those horizontal lines supposed to be described by the surface of the water on the bottom of the ship, and which are exhibited at certain depths upon the sheerdraught. The most particular of these lines are, the light water-line, which shows the depression of the ship's body in the water when she is light or unladen; and the load water-line, which exhibits her depression in the water when laden. Water-locust (wa'tér-lō-kust), n. SWAMP-LOCUST TREE. Water-logged (wa'ter-logd), a. Lying like a log on the water. Applied to a ship when by leaking and receiving a great quantity of water into her hold she has become so

See

WATERMAN

heavy as to be nearly or altogether unmanageable, though still keeping afloat. Waterman (wa'tèr-man), n. 1. A boatman; a ferryman; a man who manages watercraft; one who plies for hire on rivers, &c. The waterman forlorn, along the shore, Pensive reclines upon his useless oar.

Gay. 2. A person who waits at a cab-stand for the purpose of supplying the horses with water, calling the cabmen when they are absent, and the like, for which he receives a fee of a copper. He wears a badge and a number. 'Cab,' said Mr. Pickwick. Here you are, sir," shouted a strange specimen of the human race. This was the waterman. Here you are, sir, Now, then, first cab!' And the first cab having been fetched from the public-house, where he was smoking his first pipe, &c. Dickens. Water-mark (wa'tér-märk), n. 1. The mark or limit of the rise of a flood; the mark indicating the rise and fall of the tide.-2. A water-line (which see). 3. In paper-making, any distinguishing device or devices indelibly stamped in the substance of a sheet of paper during the process of manufacture. They are produced by bending wires to the form of the required device, &c., and attaching them to the surface of the wire-cloth of the mould or machine. The water-marks used by the earlier papermakers have given names to several of the present standard sizes of paper, as pot, foolscap, crown, elephant, and post, the latter being so called from the device of a postman's horn as water-mark. Water-meadow (wa'tèr-me-dō), n. A meadow capable of being kept in a state of fertility by being overflowed with water at certain seasons from some adjoining stream. Water-measure (wa'tér-mezh-ür), n A measure formerly in use for articles brought by water, as coals, oysters, &c. The bushel used for this purpose was larger than the Winchester bushel by about three gallons. Water-melon (wa'tér-mel-on), n. A plant and its fruit, the Cucumis Citrullus, or Cit rullus vulgaris, nat. order Cucurbitaceae. This plant requires a warm climate to bring it to perfection. It also requires a dry, sandy, warm soil, and will not grow well in any other. The fruit abounds with a sweetish liquor resembling water in colour, which is very refreshing, and the pulp is remarkably rich and delicious. It forms the chief part of the meat and drink of the people of Egypt for several months of the year, and is largely cultivated in India, China, Japan, America, and in short in most dry hot parts of the world for the sake of its juice. Water-meter (wa'tèr-me-tér), n. 1. An instrument that measures the quantity of water that passes through it, as a gas-meter measures gas. There are various kinds of contrivances for this purpose.-2. An instrument for determining the amount of water evaporated in a given time, as from a steamboiler.

The

Water-milfoil (wa'tèr-mil-foil), n. common name of three British perennial aquatic plants with crowded, often whorled, leaves, of the genus Myriophyllum, nat. order Halorageæ.

Water-mill (wa'tèr-mil), n. A mill whose machinery is moved by water. Water-mint (wa'tèr-mint), n. A plant, Mentha aquatica, which grows in wet grounds and ditches.

Water-mite (wa'ter-mit), n. One of the Hydrachnidæ, a division of the Acarida. Water-mole (wa'tér-mōl), n. Same as Duckbill (which see).

Water-murrain (wa'têr-mur-an), n. A disease among cattle.

Water-net (wa'tér-net), n. A species of green-spored algae, nat. order Hydrodictyee and genus Hydrodictyon (H. utriculatum), which has the appearance of a green net, composed of filaments inclosing pentagonal and hexagonal spaces. Water-newt (wa'tèr-nut), n. A name common to two species of long-tailed batrachians of the genus Triton, T. punctatus and T.

cristatus, from their frequenting ponds,

ditches, &c. See NEWT. Water-nixie (wa'tèr-nik-si), n. A waterspirit; an elf inhabiting the water.

The shallowness of a water-nixie's soul may have a charm until she becomes didactic. George Eliot. Water-nut (wa'tèr-nut). n. One of the large edible seeds of plants of the genus Trapa; a singhara-nut. See TRAPA, Water-nymph (wa'tèr-nimf), n. See NAIAD. Water-opossum (wa'tèr-o-pos-sum), n. See YAPOCK

Same

Water-parting (wa'tér-part-ing), n. as Watershed. Water-pepper (wa'ter-pep-pér), n. 1. The common name of a plant of the genus Polygonum (P. Hydropiper), common by sides of lakes and ditches in Britain, and acrid enough to be used as a vesicant.-2. Same as Water-wort. Water-pillar† (wa'tèr-pil-ér), n. A waterspout.

Water-pimpernel (wa'ter-pim-për-nel), n. A British aquatic plant, Samolus Valerandi, called also Brook-weed. See SAMOLUS.

Water-pipe (wa'tér-pip), n. A pipe for the conveyance of water. See PIPE. Water-pitcher (wa'tér-pich-ér), n. 1. A pitcher for holding water.-2. The popular name of plants of the order Sarraceniacem, of which Sarracenia pupurea, or side-saddle flower, a plant inhabiting marshy places in North America, is the type. They have their name from the form of their leaves, which somewhat resemble that of pitchers or trumpets.

Water-plant (wa'tér-plant), n. A name common to such plants as live entirely in water, or which require a preponderating quantity of water as the medium of their existence. All the species of the orders Nymphæaceæ, Callitrichaceæ, Ceratophyllaceæ, Podostemaces, Butomaceæ, Naiadaceæ, Pistiaceæ, Alismaces are water-plants as well as the species of cryptogamic plants of the family Algae.

Water-plantain (wa'tér-plan-tān), n.

The

common name of various species of British plants of the genus Alisma, nat. order Alismaceæ. One species, A. Plantago (great water-plantain), is a common wild plant in wet ditches and by river sides. Water-plate (wa'tér-plat), n.

A plate with

a double bottom, filled with hot water to keep food warm.

Lamd.

WATER-SNAKE

action. 'Violent water-quakes. Holland [Rare.] Water-qualm (wa'tèr-kwam), n. See WATER-BRASH. Water-quintain † (wa'tér-kwin-tán), n A tilt on the water. Strutt Water-rabbit (water-rab-bit), n. An American variety of rabbit (Lepus aqueticus), remarkable for swimming and diving in water. It is found chiefly in Louisiana and Mississippi. Called also Swamp-hare. Water-radish (wa'ter-rad-ish), n. A species of water-cress, Nasturtium amphidium Water-rail (wa'tèr-ral), n. A bird of the genus Rallus; the R. aquaticus. See RAL

LUS.

Water-ram (wa'tèr-ramı), n. A machine for raising water, otherwise called the Hydrau lic Ram. See under RAM. Water-rat (wa'tér-rat), n. A rodent animal of the genus Arvicola (4. amphibia) and family Muridae, which lives in the banks of streams or lakes. Called also Water-vole. (See VOLE.) The name water-rat is also given to the Tasmanian beaver-rat (Hydromis chrysogaster). See BEAVER-RAT. Water-rate (water-rat), n. A rate or tax for the supply of water. Water-ret (wa'ter-ret), v.t. in water, as hemp; to water-rot. Water-rice (water-ris), n. In bot. Indian rice, a grass of the genus Zizania (Z. aquatica).

To ret or rot

Water-rocket (wa'tèr-rok-et), n. 1. A plant of the genus Nasturtium, a species of watercress. 2. A kind of firework to be discharged in the water.

Water-room (wa'tér-röm), n. The space in a steam-boiler occupied by water, as distinct from the steam-room or that which contains steam.

Water-rot (wa'têr-rot), v. t. To rot by steeping in water; to water-ret; as, to water-rot hemp or flax.

Water-rugt (wa'tèr-rug), n. A species of dog.

Hounds and greyhounds, mongrels, spanie's, curs, Shoughs, water-rugs, and demiwolves, are clept All by the name of dogs.

Shak

Water-sail (wa'tèr-sal), n. Naut, a small sail used in very light airs and smooth water under a studding-sail or driver-boom. Water-sallow (wa'ter-sal-lo), n. See WATERWater-sapphire (wa'ter-saf-fir), n. A pre

This kind of dish above all, requires to be served up hot, or sent off in water-plates. Water-poise (wa'tèr-poiz), n. meter or instrument for ascertaining the specific gravity of different liquids. Water-pot (wa'tér-pot), n. 1. A vessel for holding or conveying water; a watering-pot. To use his eyes for garden water-pots, Ay, and laying autumn's dust.

Shak.

2. A chamber-pot. Water-power (wa'ter-pou-ér), n. The power of water employed or capable of being employed as a prime mover in machinery. Water-pox (wa'ter-poks), n. In pathol. varicella, a variety of chicken-pox. Water-privilege (wa'tèr-priv-i-lej). n. 1. The right to use running water to turn machinery.-2. A stream or body of water capable of being utilized in driving machinery. Waterproof (wa'ter-prof), a. Impervious to water; so firm and compact as not to admit water; as, waterproof cloth, leather, or felt. Many solutions and compositions have been employed for the purpose of rendering cloth and other things water-proof, but caoutchouc or india-rubber has now nearly superseded all other agents for this purpose. Waterproof (wa'ter-prof). n. Cloth rendered waterproof; an over-coat or other article of dress made of such cloth.

And, moodily retired within caps and waterproofs, we plashed onwards. W. H. Russell. To render Waterproof (wa'ter-pröf), v.t. impervious to water, as cloth, leather, &c. Waterproofing (wa'tèr-pröf-ing), n. 1. The act of rendering impervious to water. — 2. Any substance, as caoutchouc, a solution of soap and alum, or of isinglass with infusion of galls, for rendering cloth, leather, &c., impervious or nearly impervious to

water.

Water-purpie (wa'ter-pur-pi), n. [That is, water-purple, from its colour.] A species of Veronica (V. Beccabunga) found in moist places; brook-lime. [Scotch.]

Cresses or water-purpie, and a bit oat-cake can serve the master for breakfast as weel as Caleb. Sir W. Scott.

Water-purslane (wa'têr-pèrs-lán), n. An annual plant of the genus Peplis, P. Portula. Water-quake (wa'tèr-kwāk), n. A violent disturbance of water produced by volcanic

cious stone of an intense blue colour and transparent, found in small rolled masses in Ceylon. It is a variety of iolite consisting of silica, alumina, magnesia, with a small proportion of protoxide of iron and a trace of manganese. Called also Sapphire d'eau.

Waterscape (wa'tér-skap), n. [Water, and the -scape of landscape.] In the fine arts, a water or sea view as distinguished from a landscape; a seascape. [Rare.] Water-scorpion (wa'ter-skor-pi-on), n. See NEPIDE

Watershed (wa'têr-shed), n. [Water, and shed, a parting, line of division. See SHED, a parting.] An imaginary line or boundary which runs along the ridge of separation between adjacent seas, lakes, or river-basins, and represents the limit from which water naturally flows in opposite directions. It generally follows the line of highest elevation between the waters of whose basins it forms the drainage limit, but there are many exceptions to this rule. When a watershed casts its waters in more than two directions it is said to be quaquaversal. Called also Water-parting.

Water-shield (wa'ter-sheld). n. A name common to aquatic plants of the order Hydropeltida or Cabobombace, from the shield-shaped floating leaves Water-shoot (wa'ter-shot), n. 1. A sprig or shoot from the root or stock of a tree. [PTOvincial English -2. A wooden trough for discharging water from a building. Gilt Water-shrew (wa'tèr-shro), n. An insec. tivorous aquatic animal, the Sorex fediens. Water-shutt (wa'têr-shut), n. A well-cover. A large well-squared stone, which he would cut To serve his style, or for some water-shist. IV. Brosm Water-side (wa'tér-sid), n. The brink of water; bank or margin of a river, stream, or lake; the sea-shore. Water-snail (wa'tér-snál), n. 1 A name common to a group of gasteropodous molluscs inhabiting water.-2. The Archimedean screw. [Rare.]

Water-snake (wa'ter-snik), n. A enake that frequents the water; a name common

WATER-SOAK

to the numerous species of the family Hydridæ.

Water-soak (wa'têr-sōk), v.t. To soak or fill the interstices of with water. Water-sodden (wa'tèr-sod-n), a. Soaked and softened in water. Tennyson. Water-soldier (wa'tér-sōl-jer), n. A plant, Stratiotes aloides. Called also Water-aloe. See STRATIOTES.

The Water-spaniel (wa'tèr-span-yel), n. name given to two varieties of the dog called spaniel, viz. the large water-spaniel and the small water-spaniel. See SPANIEL. Water-speedwell (wa'ter-spēd-wel), n. plant of the genus Veronica, the V. maritima.

Α

Water-spider (wa'ter-spi-dêr), n. A name common to the spiders constituting the family Natantes (which see). Called also Water-tick.

Water-spout (wa'ter-spout), n. A remarkable meteorological phenomenon frequently observed at sea, and exactly analogous to the whirlwinds experienced on land. It occurs when opposite winds of different temperatures meet in the upper atmosphere, whereby a great amount of vapour is condensed into a thick black cloud, to which a vertical motion is given. This vertical motion causes it to take the form of a vast funnel, which, descending near the surface of the sea, draws up the water in its vortex, which joins in its whirling motion. The whole column, which after the junction extends from the sea to the clouds, assumes a magnificent appearance, being of a light colour near its axis, but dark along the sides.

Water-spout.

When acted on by the wind the column assumes a position oblique to the horizon, but in calm weather it maintains its vertical position, while at the same time it is carried along the surface of the sea. Sometimes the upper and lower parts move with differ

ent velocities, causing the parts to separate from each other, often with a loud report. The whole of the vapour is at length absorbed in the air, or it descends to the sea in a heavy shower of rain. Sudden gusts of wind, from all points of the compass, are very common in the vicinity of water-spouts. What are sometimes called water-spouts on land are merely heavy falls of rain of a very local character, and may or may not be accompanied with whirling winds. They occur generally during thunder-storms, and differ only from severe hail-storms in point of temperature.

Water-sprite (wa'tèr-sprit), n. A sprite or spirit inhabiting the water.

As if it dodged a water-sprite,

It plunged, and tacked, and veered. Coleridge. Water-standing (wa'tér-stand-ing),a. Wet with water; perpetually filled with tears. 'An orphan's water-standing eye.' Shak. [Rare.]

Water-starwort (wa'ter-stär-wêrt), n. The common name of British plants of the genus Callitriche. See STARWORT. Water-stead (wa'ter-sted), n. An old name for the bed of a river. Admiral Smyth. Water-supply (wa'ter-sup-pli), n. amount of water supplied to a community for drinking, culinary, detergent, and other purposes; as, the water-supply of a town. Water-tabby (wa'tèr-tab-i), n. A waved silk stuff. See TABBY.

The

Water-table (wa'tèr-tā-bl), n. In arch. a string-course moulding, or other projection, so placed as to throw off water from a building.

Water-tank (wa'tèr-tangk), n. A fixed cistern on shore, or a metal receiver on board ship, for holding water. Simmonds. Water-tap (wa'tér-tap), n. A tap or cock by which water may be drawn from any supply. Water-tath (wa'têr-tath), n. [Water, and

605

Prov. tath, cow's or sheep's dung dropped on the pasture, hence the luxuriant grass growing about such dung; Icel. tath, dung, tatha, hay of a dunged field.] A species of coarse grass growing in wet grounds, and supposed to be injurious to sheep. [Provincial English.]

Water-thermometer (wa'ter-thér-momet-ér), n. An instrument, in which water is substituted for mercury, for ascertaining the precise degree of temperature at which water attains its maximum density. This is at 392 F. or 4° C., and from that point downwards to 32° F. or 0° C., or the freezingpoint, it expands, and it also expands from the same point upwards to 212° F. or 100o C., or the boiling-point. See WATER. Water-thief (wa'ter-thef), n. A pirate.

Shak.

Water-thyme (wa'tèr-tim), n. See ANA

CHARIS.

Water-tick (wa'tér-tik), n. Same as Waterspider.

Water-tight (wa'tèr-tit), a. So tight as to retain or not to admit water; as, a vessel, tube, or joint is water-tight when it has that degree of closeness which prevents the passage of water.

Water-trefoil (wa'tér-tre-foil), n. A plant, Menyanthes trifoliata. Called also Marshtrefoil, Bog-bean or Buck-bean. See MENY

ANTHES.

Water-trunk (wa'tér-trungk), n. A deal cistern lined with lead to hold water. Simmonds.

Water-tupelo (wa-tér-tū'pe-lō), n. A large species of tupelo, Nyssa denticulata, growing in swamps in the southern parts of the United States, the fruit of which is sometimes used for a preserve. Water-tuyere (wa'tér-twi-yar), n. In metal. a tuyere so constructed that cold water is made to flow in a continuous stream around a blast of air. Written also Water-twyer. Water-twist (wa'ter-twist), n. A kind of cotton twist: so called from being first made by the water-frame, the motive power of which was a water-wheel.

Water-twyer (wa'tér-twi-er), n. See WATER

TUYERE.

Water-vascular (wa'tèr-vas-kū-lėr), a. In physiol. applied to a peculiar system of canals in the bodies of the members of the sub-kingdom Annuloida, by which water circulates through the system. Water-violet (wa-têr-vï'ō-let), n. A plant, Hottonia palustris. See FEATHER-FOIL. Water-vole (wa'tèr-võl), n. A water-rat. See VOLE.

Water-wagtail (wa-tér-wagʻtāl), n.

WAGTAIL.

See

Water-way (wa'ter-wā), n. 1. That part of a river, arm of the sea, &c., through which vessels enter or depart; the fair-way.-2. In ship-building, a name given to the thick planks at the outside of the deck, wrought over the ends of the beams, and fitting against the inside of the top-timbers, to which, as well as to the ends of the beams, they are bolted, and thus form an important binding. Their inner edge is hollowed out to form a channel for water to run off the deck. In iron vessels the water-way assumes many different forms. Water-weak (wa'ter-wek), a. Weak as water; very feeble or weak. If lustie now, forthwith am water-weak.' Davies. Water-weed (wa'ter-wed), n. A common name for aquatic wild plants generally, but specifically applied to Anacharis Alsinastrum, or water-thyme. See ANACHARIS. Water-wheel (wa'tér-whel), n. In hydraulics, (a) a kind of wheel for raising water in large quantities, as the Persian wheel. See under PERSIAN. (b) A wheel moved by water, and employed to turn machinery. There are four principal kinds of waterwheels, the overshot wheel, the undershot wheel, the breast-wheel, and the turbine. See these terms. (c) The paddle-wheel of a steamer.

Water-willow (wa'ter-wil-lö), n. A plant of the genus Salix, the S. aquatica; called also Water-sallow.

Water-wing (wa'ter-wing), n. A wall erected on the bank of a river, next to a bridge, to secure the foundations from the action of the current.

Water-with (wa'tér-with), n. [With in this word withy. See WITHY.] A species of vine (Vitis caribea) which grows in the West Indies in parched districts. It is so full of clear sap or water that, by cutting a piece 2 or 3 yards long, and merely holding

2. Ornamental wall-painting in distemper. Weale.-3. pl. (a) A term commonly applied to the aggregate of constructions and appliances for the collection, preservation, and distribution of water for domestic purposes, for the working of machinery, or the like, for the use of communities. (b) The structure or structures in which a spout, jet, or shower of water is produced; an ornamental fountain or fountains; also, an exhibition or exhibitions of the play of fountains. Bp. Wilkins.

Water-worm (wa'ter-werm), n. The popu lar name for one of the Naïdida. Water-worn (wa'tér-wörn), a. Worn by the action of water; especially, smoothed by the force or action of running water or water in motion; as, water-worn pebbles. Waterwort (wa'ter-wert), n. The common name of two British species of aquatic plants of the genus Elatine. See ELATINE. Water-wraith (wa'ter-ráth), n. A supposed water-spirit, whose appearance prognosticates death or woe to the person seeing it. By this the storm grew loud apace, The water-wraith was shrieking. Campbell. Watery (wa'tér-i), a. 1. Of or pertaining to The watery god

water.

Roll'd from a silver urn his crystal flood. Dryden. 2. Resembling water; thin or transparent, as a liquid; as, watery humours. "The oily and watery parts of the aliment.' Arbuth not.-3. Consisting of water. From your watery grave.' Shak. 'The watery plain.' Byron. Chasms and watery depths.' Coleridge.-4. Abounding in, filled with, or containing water; wet; moist. "The chaste beams of the watery moon.' Shak. 'Her watery eyes.' Beau. & Fl.

We'll use this unwholesome humidity, this gross Shak. watery pumpion.

5. Tasteless; insipid; vapid; spiritless; as, watery turnips.-6. Having a longing desire; vehemently desiring; watering.

7. In her. a term sometimes used for Undé or Wavy.-Watery fusion, in chem. the fusion or dissolution of a soluble salt containing water of crystallization in its own water on being exposed to heat. Water-yam (wa'tèr-yam), n. A Madagascar plant, the lattice-leaf or lace-leaf (Ouvirandra fenestralis), which grows in running streams. It has a root-stock about 6 or 9 inches long and about the thickness of a man's thumb, which is farinaceous and used for food. See LATTICE-LEAF. Wattle (wot'l), n. [A. Sax. wætel, watul, a wattle, a hurdle, a covering, a tile, a dim. form akin to withe, withy (which see). "The original sense is something twined or woven together; hence it came to mean a hurdle woven with twigs, or a bag of woven stuff; hence the baggy flesh on a bird's neck." Skeat.] 1. A hurdle made of interwoven rods or wands.-2. A rod laid on a roof to support the thatch. Simmonds. 3. The fleshy lobe that grows under the throat of the domestic fowl, or any appendage of the like kind, as an excrescence about the mouth of some fishes.-4. A name given to various Australian and New Zealand species of acacia, which yield gummy and astringent matters, and whose bark is therefore sometimes imported for tanning. A. mollissima is called silver wattle; A. affinis, black wattle.

Wattle (wot'l), v. t. pret. & pp. wattled; ppr. wattling. 1. To bind with twigs.-2. To twist or interweave; to interlace; to plat; to form a kind of net-work with flexible branches; as, to wattle a hedge.-3. To form by platting twigs. The folded flocks penn'd in their wattled cotes.' Milton. The thickfleeced sheep from wattled folds.' Byron. Wattle-bark (wot'l-bärk), n. A bark used for tanning, obtained from several species