SUPPLEMENT CONTAINING ADDITIONAL WORDS AND ADDITIONAL MEANINGS AND EXPLANATIONS. Cross references are to articles in the body of the work unless where the Supplement is expressly referred to. Additions to articles are marked [add.] ABAXIAL Abaxial, Abaxile (ab-ak'si-al, ab-akʼsil), a. [Prefix ab, and axis.] Not in the axis; specifically, in bot, applied to the embryo when out of the axis of the seed. Balfour. Abecedary (â-bé-së'dă-ri), n. A first principle or element; rudiment. Such rudiments or abecedaries." Fuller. Abiogenesist (a-bi'ō-jen"e-sist), n. Same as Abiogenist. Abiogenetic (a-bi'o-jen-et"ik), a. Of, pertaining to, or produced by abiogenesis. Abiogenetically (a-bi'ō-jen-et”ik-al-li), adv. In an abiogenetic manner. Ency. Brit. Abiogenist (a-bi-oj'en-ist), n. A believer in the doctrine of abiogenesis. Pop. Ency. Abiogeny (a-bi-oj'en-i), n. Same as Abiogenesis. Abirritate (ab-ir'ri-tāt), v.t. In med. to deaden, as the vital phenomena of the tissues; to debilitate. Abirritative (ab-irʼri-tāt-iv), a. In med. tending to abirritate. Ablegate (ab'leg-at), n. [Prefix ab, and legate. In the R. Cath. Ch. a special commissioner charged with conveying his insignia of office to a newly appointed cardinal. Abolitionize (ab-o-li'shon-iz), v.t. To imbue with the doctrines or principles of an abolitionist. Aborticide (a-bort'i-sid), n. [L. abortus, an untimely birth, and cado, to kill.] In obstetrics, the destruction of a monstrous fetus in utero. Abrogative (ab'rō-gå-tiv), a. [See ABROGATE.] Tending to abrogate; capable of abrogating or annulling. Absey-bookt (ab'se-bök), n. [That is an a b e book.] A primer, which sometimes included a catechism. And then comes answer like an absey-book. Shak. Absinthic (ab-sin'thik), a. Of or pertaining to absinthium or wormwood, or to an acid obtained from it. Absolutist (ab'sō-lût-ist), a. Of or pertaining to absolutism; despotic; absolutistic. All these things were odious to the old governing classes of France: their spirit was absolutist, ecclesiastical, and military. John Morley. Abstain (ab-stan'), v.t. To hinder; to obstruct; to debar; to cause to keep away from. Abstain men from marrying.' Milton. Academicism (ak-a-dem'i-sizm), n. The system or mode of teaching at an academy; an academical mannerism, as of painting. Academics (ak-a-dem'iks), n. The Platonic philosophy; Platonism. Accad (ak'ad), n. 1. A member of one of the primitive races of Babylonia; one of the dominant race at the time to which the earliest contemporaneous records reach back. This race is believed to have belonged to the Turanian family, or to have been at anyrate non-Semitic. Also written Akkad. The Accadai, or Accads, were the Highlanders who had descended from the mountainous region of Elam on the east, and it was to them that the Assyrians ascribed the origin of Chaldean civilization and writing. A. H. Sayce. 2. The language of this race; Accadian. Accadian (ak-ka'di-an), a. Belonging to the Accads or primitive inhabitants of Babylonia. Also written Akkadian. Accadian (ak-ka'di-an), n. 1. An Accad.2. The language of the Accads, a non-Semitic and probably Turanian speech spoken in Fate, fär, fat, fall: mě, met. her; ancient Babylonia previously to the later and better known Semitic dialect of the cuneiform inscriptions. A kindred dialect, the Sumerian, seems to have been in use at the same time in Babylonia. Accentuate, v.t. [add.] To lay stress upon; to emphasize; to give prominence to; to mark as of importance; as, he accentuated the views of the party on this question. Accipitral (ak-sip'i-tral), a. Of or pertaining to the Accipitres or birds of prey; having the character of a bird of prey. Of temper most accipitral, hawkish, aquiline, not to say vulturish.' Carlyle. Acclamator (ak-kla-ma'tër), n. One who expresses joy or applause by acclamation. Acclamators who had filled. . . the air with Vive le Roy.' Evelyn. Accrementitial (ak'krê-men-ti"shal), a. In physiol. of or pertaining to the process of accrementition. Accrementition (ak'krē-men-ti"shon), n. In physiol. the process of producing or developing a new individual by the growth, extension, and separation of a part of the parent; gemmation. Accumulator, n. [add.] In elect. same as Condenser. The name is now especially applied to a kind of battery devised by M. Camille Faure, by means of which electric energy can be stored and rendered portable. Each battery forms a cylindrical leaden vessel, containing alternate sheets of metallic lead and minium wrapped in felt and rolled into a spiral wetted with acidulated water. On being charged with electricity the energy may be stored till required for use. Accuse (ak-kuz), v.t. [add.] To indicate; to evince; to show; to manifest. Amphialus answered. . . with such excusing himself that more and more accused his love to Philoclea. Sir P. Sidney. Acidific (as-id-if'ik), a. Producing acidity or an acid; acidifying. Acidulent (a-sid'û-lent), a. Being somewhat acid or sour; cross; tart; peevish. Anxious acidulent face.' Carlyle. Acierage (a'sé-ér-āj), n. [Fr. acier, steel.] A process by which an engraved copperplate or an electrotype from an engraved plate of steel or copper has a film of iron deposited over its surface by electricity, in order to protect the engraving from wear in printing. By this means an electrotype of a fine engraving which, if printed directly from the copper, would not yield 500 good impressions, can be made to yield 3000 or more. Whenever the film of iron becomes so worn as to reveal any part of the copper underneath, it is removed and a fresh coating deposited; and in this way as many as 30,000 good impressions have been printed from the electrotype of a finely-engraved plate. Acoustically (a-kous'tik-al-li), adv. In relation to or in a manner adapted to acoustics. Prof. Tyndall. Acrobatic (akʼrō-bat-ik), a. Of or pertaining to an acrobat or his performance; as, acrobatic feats; acrobatic entertainments. Acronyctous (ak-rō-nik'tus), a. Same as Acronyc. Acrotism (akʼrō-tizm), n. [Gr. a, priv., and krotos, a beating.] In med. an absence or weakness of the pulse. pine, pin: note, not, möve; tühe, tub, bull; ADOPTABLE Actable (akt'a-bl), a. Capable of being acted or performed; practically possible. Is naked truth actable in true life? Tennyson. Actinology (ak-ti-nol'ō-ji), n. [Gr. aktis, aktinos, a ray, and logos, a discourse.] That branch of science which investigates the power of sunlight to cause chemical action. Actinophorous (ak-ti-nof'or-us), a [Gr.aktis, aktinos, a ray, and pherō, I carry.] Having ray-like spines. Actionless (ak'shon-les), a. Unfit to be made the subject of a legal action; not actionable. Actual (ak'tü-al), n. Something actual or real. Not... actuals, but only Egyptian budget estimates.' Fortnightly Rev. Actualist (ak'tũ-al-ist), n. One who deals with actualities: opposed to idealist. Grote. Acturience (ak-tū'ri-ens), n. [From act, and urio, the termination of Latin desiderative verbs.] A desire for action. Grote. [Rare.] Acupress (ak'ū-pres), v.t. In surg. to stop hæmorrhage in by means of acupressure. Adamantoid (ad-a-mant'oid), n. [Gr. adamos, the diamond, and eidos, resemblance.] A crystal characterized by being bounded by forty-eight equal triangles. Adeem (a-dém'), v.t. [Ladimo, to take away.] In law, to withdraw, revoke, or take away, as a grant, a legacy, or the like. Adeep (a-dep'), adv. Deeply. We shout so adeep down creation's profound.' E. B. Browning. [Rare.] Adenophorous (ad-e-nof'or-us),a. [Gr.adën, a gland, and phero, to bear.] In zool. and bot, bearing glands. Adiaphorist (ad-i-af'ō-rist), n. [Gr. adiaphora, indifferent or non-essential things. ] A follower of Melancthon in the sixteenth century, who maintained that, in matters indifferent, charity was to be preferred to uniformity, and that obedience was due to the imperial power. The Adiaphorists also accepted the interim of Charles V. See INTERIM, 2. Adiaphoristic (ad'i-af-ō-ris"tik), a. Of or pertaining to the Adiaphorists, or to the controversies between the followers of Luther and Melancthon. Adipsous (a-dip'sus), a. [Gr. priv. a, and dipsa, thirst.] Tending to quench thirst, as certain fruits. Adjutator (ad'jū-tā-ter), n. [L. adjuto, to assist.] See AGITATOR, 2. Admissive (ad-mis'iv), a. Having the nature of an admission; containing an admission or acknowledgment. More admissive than excusatory.' Lamb. Admonitorial (ad-mon'i-tö"ri-al),a. Reproving; admonishing; having the manner of an admonitor. Miss Tox has acquired an admonitorial tone, and a habit of improving passing occasions. Dickens. Adonis (a-dō'nis), n. A kind of wig formerly worn. He puts on a fine flowing adonis or white periwig. Adoptability (a-dopt'a-bil"i-ti), n. The state of being adoptable; the capability of being adopted; also, that which can be adopted or made use of. The select adoptabilities.' Carlyle. Adoptable (a-dopt'a-bl), a. Capable of, fit for, or worthy of being adopted. 'The Li oil, pound: u, Sc. abune: y, Sc. fey. ADORATORY turgy or adoptable and generally adopted set of prayers.' Carlyle. Adoratory (a-dōr'a-to-ri),n. A place of worship; a church or chapel. Southey Adsignification, n. [add] An additional signification. And in this opinion (viz. that there is no adsignifi cation of manner or time in that which is called the indicative mood, no adsignification of time in that which is called the present participle) I am neither new nor singular. Horne Tooke. Adusk (a-dusk'), a. or adv. In the dusk or twilight; dark. To die and leave the world adusk. E. B. Browning. [Rare.] Adverbialize (ad-vérb'i-al-iz), v. t. To give the form or force of an adverb to; to use as an adverb. Advower (ad-vou'êr), n. The owner of an advowson; a patron. See ADVOWSON. Edæology (e-dē-ol'o-ji), n. [Gr. aidoia, the privy parts, and logos, a discourse.] That part of medical science which treats of the organs of generation; also, a treatise on or account of the organs of generation. Egithognathæ (e-gi-thog'na-thě), n. pl. (Gr. aigithos, a sparrow, and gnathos, the jaw.] In Huxley's classification of birds, drawn from their osseous structure, a sub order of Carinatæ, having the bones of the palate disposed as in the sparrow and other passerine birds. 688 ally penetrates it and becomes more firmly Agmatology (ag-ma-tol'o-ji), n. [Gr. agma, Agminate, Agminated (ag'min-at, ag'min- Agraffe, Agraff (a-graf'), n. [Fr. agrafe, a liants.' Sir W. Scott. Landor. Braided tresses, and cheeks of bloom, Agrin (a-grin'), a. or adv. In the act or Agriologist (ag-ri-ol'o-jist), n. [Gr. agrios, Egithognathous (e-gi-thog'na-thus), a. Of son. Aeroklinoscope (a'êr-o-klin"ō-sköp),n. [Gr. sensible. Esthete (es'thět), n. One devoted to the prin- Aflow (a-flō'), a. or adv. In a loose, waving After-dinner (aft'er-din-èr), a. Happening In after-dinner talk Across the walnuts and the wine. Tennyson. After-shaft (aft'èr-shaft), n. In ornith, a supplementary or accessory shaft furnished with barbs or fibres, given off at the point of junction of the shaft and quill of most feathers except those of the wings and tail. Again. [add] Also pronounced a-gan', at least in poetry, as evidenced by following passages. When she was eased of her pain O that 'twere possible Thackeray. Tennyson. Ageing (aj'ing), n. In calico-printing, a process during which the colour previously deposited on the outside of the fibre gradu The compara tive study of the customs of man in his Agronomial (ag-ro-no'mi-al), a. (Gr. agryp Agrypnotic (ag-rip-not'ik), n. One of a tribe found in the Airwards (ar' wérds), adv. Up in the air; eray. Soar airwards again.' Thack Akkad, Akkadian. See ACCAD, ACCADIAN. Alexipyretic (a-lek'si-pi-ret" ik), a. [Gr. Alfalfa (al-fal'fa), n. [Sp.] A name given A Algoid (al goid), a. [L. alga, a sea-weed, Allegorization (al'le-gor-i-ză" shon), n. Alliteral (al-lit'èr-al), a. Same as Alliter- Allomorphic (al-ló-mor'fik), a. Pertaining Allomorphism (al-lō-morʼfizm), n. [Gr. A variety ANARCHIZE Allotriophagy (al-lot'ri-of" a-gi), n. [Gr. allotrios, belonging to another, and phago, to eat.] In med. a depraved appetite for some particular article of food or for noxious or not eatable substances. The Allure (al-lür), n. [add.] Same as Allure- Alnascharism (al-nas'kêr-izm), n. An ac- With maternal alnascharism she had, in her reveries, thrown back her head with disdain, as she repulsed the family advances of some wealthy but low-born heiress. Miss Edgeworth. Already (al-red'i), a. Existing now; being at the present time or for some time past; present. Lord Hobart and Lord Fitzwilliam are both to he earls to-morrow; the former, of Buckingham, the latter by his already title. H. Walpole. Alternanthera (al-tér-nan ́ther-a), n. A genus of plants belonging to Amaranthaceæ, so called from the stamens being alternately fertile and barren. They have opposite leaves, and small tribracteate flowers, arranged in heads. Several species are grown in gardens for the sake of their richly-coloured foliage. Alternize (al- tér-niz'), v.t. To cause to Alt-horn (alt'horn), n. A musical instru- Every county is given to magnify-not to say altify Fuller. -their own things therein. Amaze (a-maz'), v.i. To wonder; to be amazed. Madam, amaze not; see his majesty Return'd with glory froin the Holy Land Ambitionist (am-bi'shon-ist), ". An ambitious person; one devoted to self-aggrandizement. 'A selfish ambitionist and quack.' Carlyle. Amen (a'men), v.t. 1. To say amen to; to approve; to homologate. [Rare.] Is there a bishop on the bench that has not amend the humbug in his lawn sleeves, and called a blessing over the kneeling pair of perjurers? Thackeray. 2. To end; to finish. This very evening have I amen'd the volume. Southey Amonomania (a-mēnō-mā”ni-a), n. IL amanus, pleasant, and Gr. mania, madness.] A form of mania in which the hallucinations are of an agreeable nature. Amphiblastic (am-fi-blas'tik), a. In physiol a term applied to the series of ova intermediate between the holoblastic or mammalian ova, and the meroblastic, or ova of birds or reptiles. Amphigoric (am-fi-gor'ik),a. Of, relating to, or consisting of amphigory; absurd; nonsensical. Amphigory (am'fl-gor-i), n. [Fr. amphi gouri.] A meaningless rigmarole; nonsense verses or the like; a nonsensical parody. Amrita (am'rē tā), n. [Skr. amritam, from a, priv., and mri, to die; akin to L mora, death. See MORTAL.] In Hindu myth, the ambrosia of the gods; the beverage of immortality, that resulted from the churning of the ocean by the gods and demons. Anachorism (a-nak’ō-rizm), n. [Modelled on anachronism, from Gr. ana, here implying error or divergence, and chóra, a country.] Something not suited to or inconsistent with the country to which it is referred. J. R. Lowell. Analgesia (an-al-jë'si-a), n. [Gr. an, priv, and algos, pain] In pathol. absence of pain whether in health or disease. Dungli son. Anaphrodisia (an-afʼro-diz”i-a), n. [Gr. an, Anarchize (an'är-kiz), v.t. [Gr. anarchia, or confusion. ANCHORITISH Anchoritish (ang-kō-rit'ish), a. Of or pertaining to an anchorite, or his mode of life; anchoretic. Sixty years of religious reverie and anchoritish self-denial." De Quincey. Anchoritizm (ang'kō-rit-izm), n. The state of being secluded from the world; the condition of an anchorite. Anchorless (ang'kér-les), a. Being without an anchor; hence, drifting; unstable. homeless, anchorless, unsupported mind.' Charlotte Bronte. 'My Ancorist (ang'kō-rist), n. One withdrawn from the world; a hermit; an anchoret, or 'A woman lately turned an ananchoress. corist. Fuller. One Anecdotarian (an'ek-dō-tä"ri-an), n. who deals in or retails anecdotes; an anecdotist. 'Our ordinary anecdotarians make use of libels. Roger North. Anetic (a-net'ik), a. [Gr. anetikos, relaxing.] In med. relieving or assuaging pain; anodyne. Angelhood (an'jel-höd), n. The state or condition of an angel; the angelic nature or character. E. B. Browning. Angelolatry (án-jel-ol'a-tri), n. [E. angel, and Gr. latreia, worship.] The worship of angels. Angevin (an'jē-vin), a. Of or pertaining to Anjou, a former province in the north-west of France. Animate (an'i-māt), v.i. To become enlivened or exhilarated; to rouse. Mr. Arnott, animating at this speech, glided be hind her chair. Miss Burney. Anisometric (a-ni'sō-met”rik), a. [Gr. ani808, unequal, and metron, a measure.] A term applied to crystals which are developed dissimilarly in the three axial directions. Anisotrope, Anisotropic (an'i-sō-trōp, an'i-so-tropik), a. Having different properties in different directions; not isotropic; æolotropic. Annominate (an-nom'in-ät), v.t. To name; especially, to give a punning or alliterative name to. [Rare.] See ANNOMINATION. How then shall these chapters be annominated) Southey. Anonyme (an'on-im), n. [See ANONYMOUS.] An assumed or false name. Anserous (an'sèr-us), a. [L. anser, a goose.] Of or pertaining to a goose or geese; like a goose; hence, foolish; silly; simple. Sydney Smith. Antagonize (an-tag'ō-niz), v.t. To act in opposition to; to counteract; to hinder. [Rare.] found The active principle of valerian root is to greatly deaden the reflex excitability of the spinal cord, thus antagonizing the operation of strychnine. Amer. Ency. Ante-choir (an'tě-kwir), n. In arch. that part between the doors of the choir and the outer entrance of the screen, under the rood-loft, forming a sort of lobby or vestibule. Ency. Brit. Called also Fore-choir. Antelios (an-téli-os), n. (Gr. antelios, opposite the sun-anti, against, and helios, the sun.] The position of a heavenly body when opposite or over against the sun: used also adjectively. Ante-nave (an'tē-nāv), n. In arch. same as Galilee (which see). Anthelios (an-the ́li-os), n. Same as Antelios. Anthem (an'them), v.t. To celebrate or salute with an anthem or song. Keats. Anthography (an-thog'ra-fi), n. [Gr. anthos, a flower, and graphe, description.] That branch of botany which treats of flowers; a description of flowers. Anthoid (an'thoid), a. [Gr. anthos, a flower, and eidos, form] Having the form of a flower; resembling a flower. Anthropocentric (an-thro'pō-sen"trik), a. [Gr. anthropos, a man, and kentron, a centre.] Appellative of or pertaining to any theory of the universe or solar system in which man is held to be the ultimate end, and in which he is assumed to be the chief or central part of creation. Anthropogenic (an-thro'po-je"nik), a. or pertaining to anthropogeny. Anthropogeny (an-thro-poj'en-i), n. [Gr. anthropos, man, and gennaō, to beget.] The science of the origin and development of man. Of Antianarchic (an'ti-an-är"kik), a. Opposed to anarchy or confusion. • Your antianarchic Girondins.' Carlyle. Anticyclone (an'ti-si-klön), n. A meteorological phenomenon presenting some features opposite to those of a cyclone. It consists of a region of high barometric j, job; g. go; ch, chain; ch, Sc. loch; 689 pressure, the pressure being greatest in the Antilogous (an-til'o-gus),a. In elect. applied Antozone (ant'ō-zōn), n. A compound for- Anybody (en'ni-bo-di), n. 1. Any one person; body. Used only in the phrase at anyrate; that is, whatever considerations are to be taken account of; under any circumstances; whatever else; as, you at anyrate need not reproach me; he was going there at anyrate. Anyrate (en'ni-rāt), n. Anywhen (en'ni-when), adv. At any time. 'Anywhere or anywhen.' De Quincey. [Rare.] Apedom, Apehood (ap'dum, ap'hud), n. The state of being an ape, or of being apish. This early condition of apedom." De Quincey. [Gr. There's a dog-faced dwarf That gets to godship somehow, yet retains Browning. His apehood. Aperitive (a-per'it-iv), n. An aperient. Gentle aperitives.' Richardson. Aphanapterix (af-an-ap'tér-iks), n. aphanes, obscure, and pteryx, a wing] A genus of large Ralline birds, incapable of flight, the remains of which are found in the post-tertiary deposits of Mauritius. They survived into the human period, and were exterminated at a comparatively late date. Aphasia (a-fā'zi-a), n. [Gr. a, priv., and phasis, speech.] In pathol. a symptom of certain morbid conditions of the nervous system, in which the patient loses the power of expressing ideas by means of words, or loses the appropriate use of words, the vocal organs the while remaining intact and the intelligence sound. There is sometimes an entire loss of words as connected with ideas, and sometimes only the loss of a few. In one form of the disease, called aphemia, the patient can think and write, but cannot speak; in another, called agraphia, he can think and speak, but cannot express his ideas in writing. In a great majority of cases where post-mortem examinations have been made, morbid changes have been found in the left frontal convolution of the brain. Aphasic (a-fā'zik), a. Of or pertaining to aphasia. Aphasic (a-fa'zik), n. A person affected with aphasia. Apheliotropism (af-ē'li-ot" rō-pizm), n. [Gr. apo, away from, helios, the sun, and trope, a turning.] In bot. a tendency to turn away from the sun or the light, as opposed to heliotropism (which see). Darwin. Aphemia (a-fe'mi-a), n. [Gr. a, priv., and phemi, I speak.] In pathol. a form of aphasia in which the patient can think and write, but cannot speak. See APHASIA. Aphorisming (af-or-iz'ming), a. Much given to the use of aphorisms. There is no art that hath been more cankered in her principles, more soiled and slabbered with aphor Milton. isming pedantry, than the art of policy. Aphrodisian (af-ro-diz'i-an), a. [Gr. aphrodisios, pertaining to sexual pleasures, from Aphrodite, the goddess of love.] Of, or pertaining to, or given up to unlawful sexual pleasures. They showed me the state nursery for the children of those aphrodisian dames, their favourites. C. Reade Apnoea (ap-ne'a), n. [Gr. a, priv., and pnoie, a breathing, from pneo, to breathe.] In med, absence of respiration; insensible respiration; asphyxia. ARREAR Apogeotropism (ap'o-gé-ot"rō-pizm), n. [Gr. Apologetict (a-pol'o-jet"ik), n. An apology. with the aposiopestic Aposiopestic (ap'o-si-o-pes"tik), a. Ready sympathy ... made him alive to a certain Lamb. Aquamanile (ak'wa-ma-ni'le), n. [From L. aqua, water, and manare, to flow.] The basin in which, according to the ancient church ceremony, the priest washes his Aquamanile. Also ap hands in celebrating the mass. plied to vessels of the ewer kind formerly used in private houses, and frequently made into grotesque forms representing a real or fabulous animal or the like. Arc, n. [add.]-Electric arc, in electric lighting, the light emitted by an electric current in crossing over the small interval of space between the carbon points. Called also Voltaic arc. Archaist (ar-kā'ist), n. An antiquarian; an archæologist. E. B. Browning. Archbishopess (ärch-bish'up-es), n. The wife of an archbishop. Miss Burney. Architecture (ärki-tek-tür), v.t. To construct; to build. Keats. This was architectur'd thus By the great Oceanus, Arcosolium (är-ko-sō'li-um), n. [L. L., from L. arcus, an arch, and solium, a sarcophagus, a throne.] A term applied to those receptacles for dead bodies of martyrs in the Catacombs which consist of a deep niche cut in the rocky wall, arched above, and under the arch a sarcophagus excavated in the solid rock. The flat cover of the sarcophagus might be used as an altar; and such tombs were often richly ornamented. Arctogeal (ärk-tō-jë'al), a. [Gr. arctos, the north, and gea, the earth.] Of or pertaining to the colder parts of the northern hemisphere. The great arctogeal province.' Huxley. Arenated (ar'ē-na-ted), a. [L. arena, sand.] Rule Of A democracy of mere numbers is no democracy, Kingsley. but a mere brute arithmocracy. Arithmocratic (a-rith'mō-krat ̋ik ), a. or pertaining to an arithmocracy or rule of numbers. American democracy, being merely arithmocratic, provides no representation whatsoever for the more educated and more experienced minority. Kingsley. Armsweep (ärm'swēp), n. The length of reach or swing of an arm. Browning. [Poetical.] Arrear (a'rer), v.t. To cause to rise; to raise up; to rear. A desperate presumption arreared. Fuller. w, wig; wh, whig; zh, azure. -See KEY. 182 ARREAR Arreart (a'rer), n. The rear. 'The arrear consisting of between three and four thousand foot.' Heylin. Arrowlet (a'ro-let), n. A little arrow. Ten nyson. Arthrography (ar-throg'ra-fl), n. [Gr. arthron, a joint, and graphe, description.] In anat. a description of the joints. Arthurian (är-thû'ri-an), a. ing to King Arthur, or to the legends connected with him and his knights of the Round Table. Of or pertain Among the writers of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries the historical existence of Arthur was, with a few rare exceptions, denied, and the Arthurian legend regarded purely as an invention of the worthy chronicler, Geoffrey of Monmouth. Ency. Brit. Artiad (är'ti-ad), n. [Gr. artios, even.] In chem. a name given to an element of even equivalency, as a dyad, tetrad, &c.: opposed to a perissad, an element of uneven equivalency, such as a monad, triad, &c. Ascham (as'kam), n. [After Roger Ascham, who in 1544 published Toxophilus, a celebrated treatise on archery.] In archery, a large case fitted up with the necessary drawers and compartments for the reception of the bow, arrows, string, and other necessary accoutrements. Aseity (a-se'i-ti), n. [L. a, from, and se, one's self; lit. the state of being from or by one's self.] The state or condition of having an independent existence. The absolute being and aseity of God.' Prof. W. R. Smith. By what mysterious light have you discovered that ascity is entail'd on matter? Gentleman Instructed, 1704. Asininity (as-i-nin'i-ti), n. The quality of being asinine; obstinate stupidity. Asiphonate (a-si'fon-at), a. Of or pertaining to the Asiphonata; not possessing a respiratory tube or siphon. H. A. Nicholson. Askance (a-skans'), v.t. To turn aside, as the eyes; to make look with indifference. O, how are they wrapp'd in with infamies That from their own misdeeds askance their eyes. Shak. Askingly (ask'ing-li), adv. In an entreating manner; with expression of request or de sire. How askingly its footsteps hither bend! It seems to say, 'And have I found a friend?' Coleridge. Asleep, a. or adv. [add.] 1. Having a peculiar, numb, or prickly feeling, as in the hands or feet. His legge sterke stiff. was all aslepe, and in a manner Udall 2. Stunned; senseless. So saying, she... gave Susy such a douse on the side of the head as left her fast asleep for an hour and upward. H. Brooke. Asmear (a-smer'), a. Smeared over; bedaubed. I came into Smithfield, and the shameful place, being all asmear with filth, and fat, and blood, and foam, seemed to stick to me. Dickens. Asquat (a-skwot'), adv. In a squat or huddled up manner; coweringly. 'Sitting asquat between my mother and sister.' Richard son. Asseveratory (as-sev'èr-a-to-ri), a. Of the nature of an asseveration; solemnly or positively affirming or averring. After divers warm and asseveratory answers made by Mr. Atkins, the captain stopped short in his walk Roger North Assibilation (a-sib'i-la"shon), n. The act of making sibilant; specifically, in philol. the assimilation of a dental or guttural consonant with a following i-sound, as in the word nation, in which in pronunciation the ti is assibilated. Assyriologist (as-sir'i-ol"o-jist), n. skilled in or well acquainted with the antiquities, language, &c., of ancient Assyria. Asterisk, n. [add.] In the Greek Ch. an appliance in the One 經 Paten with Asterisk. form of a star or cross, with the ends bent to serve as supports, placed during the liturgy over the paten so as to keep the cover of the latter from touching the sacred bread. Astrakhan (as'tra-kan), n. A name given to sheep-skins with a curled woolly surface obtained from a variety of sheep found in Bokhara, Persia, and Syria; also, a rough fabric with a pile in imitation of this. Astrogeny (as-troj'e-ni), n. [Gr. astron, a star, and gennao, to produce.] The creation 690 or evolution of the celestial bodies. Spencer. H. Astrologuet (as'tro-lög), n. An astrologer. Tom D'Urfey. Astucious (as-tu'shus),a. Designing; subtle; astute. Louis,... like all astucions persons, was as desirous of looking into the hearts of others as of concealing his own. Sir W. Scott. Astucity (as-tu'si-ti), n. The quality of being astute; astuteness. With astucity, with swiftness, with audacity.' Carlyle. Asura (as'u-ra or a-su'ra), n. In Hind myth. one of the demons born from the thigh of Brahma while the quality of darkness pervaded his body. Asura is a general name for all the giants and demons who composed the enemies of the gods and the inhabitants of Pátála; and a special designation for a class of these of the first order. Garrett. Athermancy (a-ther'man-si), n. [Gr. a, priv., and thermaino, I heat.] The power or property of absorbing radiant heat: corresponding to opacity in the case of light; as, the athermancy of oleflant gas and of other compound gases. Prof. Tyndall. Athrob (a-throb'), a. or adv. Throbbing; in a throbbing or palpitating state or manner. E. B. Browning. Attractivity (at-trak-tiv'i-ti), n. Attractive power or influence. Attrist (a-trist'), v.t. [Prefix at for ad, and L. tristis, sad.] To grieve; to sadden. How then could I write when it was impossible but to attrist you! when I could speak of nothing but unparalleled horrors. H. Walpole. Aubade (o-bad), n. [Fr.] Open-air music performed at daybreak, generally at the door, or under the window, of the person whom it is intended to honour: distinguished from Serenade (which see). Longfellow. Audient (a'di-ent), a. [L. audiens, hearing. See AUDIENCE.] Playing the part of a hearer; listening. E. B. Browning. Audiometer (a-di-om'et-ér), n. [L. audio, to hear, and Gr. metron, measure.] An instrument, among the constituent parts of which are an induction-coil, a microphone key, and a telephone, devised to measure with precision the sense of hearing. Audiometric (a'di-o-met"rik), a. of or pertaining to audiometry. Audiometry (-di-om'et-ri), n. The testing of the sense of hearing, especially by means of the audiometer. Audiphone (a'di-fon), n. [L. audio, to hear, and Gr. phone, a sound.] An acoustic instrument by means of which deaf persons are enabled to hear, and even deaf-mutes can be taught to hear and to speak. The essential part of the instrument is a fanshaped plate of hardened caoutchouc which is very sensitive to the influence of sound waves. The sufferer from deafness holds the instrument in his hand and touches the top-edge against his upper teeth; and the sounds are collected and conveyed by the teeth to the auditory nerve without having to pass through the external ear. Auricomous (a-rik'o-mus), a. [L aurum, gold, and coma, hair.] 1. Having golden hair.-2. Applied to a preparation which gives a golden hue to the hair. Lord Lytton. Aurific (a-rif'ik), a. [L. aurum, gold, and facio, to make.] Capable of transmuting substances into gold; gold-making. Some experiments made with an aurific powder.' Southey. Ausonian (a-so'ni-an), a. [L. Ausonia, a poetical term for the whole Italian peninsula, from Ausones, the name given to the primitive inhabitants of middle and lower Italy.] Of or pertaining to Italy or the Italians. Longfellow. [Poetical.] Autogony (a-tog'o-ni), n. [Gr. autos, self, and gone, generation, birth.] The genera tion of simple organisms from an inorganic formative fluid. Rossiter. Autokinetical (a'to-ki-net"i-kal), a. [Gr. autos, self, and kineo, to move.] Self-moving. Dr. H. More. Automatize (a-tom'a-tiz), v.t. To make an automaton or self-acting machine of. A god-created man, all but abnegating the character of man; forced to exist, automatised, mummy. wise... as Gentleman or Gigman. Carlyle. Autonomist (a-ton'o-mist), n. One who advocates or favours the principle of autonomy. Autorial (a-to'ri-al), a. Of or pertaining to an author. Testing the autorial power.' Poe. BALDICOOT Autotheism (a-to-the'izm), n. [add.] The worship of one's self; excessive self-esteem. Nineteenth Century. Autotheist (a-to-the'ist), n. One given to autotheism; one who makes a god of himself. He begins to mistake more and more the voice of that very flesh of his, which he fancies he has conquered, for the voice of God, and to become without knowing it an autotheist. Kingsley Auxiliar (ag-zil'i-ar), n. An auxiliary. My auxiliars and allies. Sir H. Taylor. Avenous (a-ve'nus), a. In bot, wanting veins or nerves, as the leaves of certain plants. Aviculture (a'vi-kul-tür), n. The breeding and rearing of birds. Baird. One who wields an Axeman (aks'man), n. axe; one who cuts down trees; a woodman. Whittier. B. Baccara, Baccarat (bak'ka-ra, bak'ka-rat), n. [Fr., origin unknown.] A game of cards introduced from France into England and America. It is played by any number of players or rather bettors, and a banker. The latter opens the play by dealing two cards to each bettor, and two to himself, and covering the stakes of each individual with an equal sum. The cards are then examined, and those belonging to the bettors which when added score nine points, or nearest that number, take their own stake and the banker's. Should he, however, be nearest the winning number of points, he takes all the stakes on the table; in any case he takes the stakes of the players who have not scored so near the winning points as himself. Various other numbers, as 19, 29, 18, &c., give certain advantages in the game. Court cards count as ten points, the others according to the number of pips. Bacciform (bak'si-form), a. [L. bacca, a berry, and forma, form.] Shaped like a berry. Bachelorhood (bach'el-ér-hud),n. The state of being a bachelor; bachelorship. A long easy life of bachelorhood. Thackeray. Bacillus (ba-sil'lus), ". A species of rodlike, microscopic organisms belonging to the genus Bacterium. Certain diseases are be lieved to be caused by these bodies being introduced into the system. Back-scraper, Back-scratcher (bak'skrap-ér, bak'skrach-èr), n. Same as Scratchback, 2. A back-scratcher of which the hand was ivory.' Southey. Back-string (bak'string), n. A leadingstring by which a child is supported or guided from behind. 'The back-string and the bib.' Couper. Badminton, n. [add] A kind of claretcup or summer beverage, so called from being invented at the Duke of Beaufort's seat of that name. 'Soothed or stimulated by fragrant cheroots or beakers of Badminton.' Disraeli. Bag-fox (bag'foks), n. A fox kept in confinement, and slipped from a bag, when no other victim of a hunt is to be had. Misa Ferrier. Baking-powder (bak'ing-pou-der), n. A powder used in baking bread chiefly as a substitute for yeast. The common ingredients are powdered tartaric acid, bicarbonate of soda, and potato farina. Balance-handled (bal'ans-han-did), a. A term applied to table-knives which have the weight of the handle so adjusted that when the knives are laid on the table the blades do not touch the table-cloth. Balaniferous (bal-a-nifèr-us), a. [L bal anus, Gr. balanos, an acorn, and fero, to bear.] Bearing, yielding, or producing acorns. Balanoid (bal'a-noid), a. [Gr. balanos, an acorn, and eidos, resemblance.] Having the form or appearance of an acorn; relating or pertaining to the cirriped family Balanida or acorn-shells. Balanoid (bal'a-noid), n. A cirriped of the family Balanidæ or acorn-shells. Baldicoot (bal'di-köt), n. 1. The common coot. Hence-2. Fig. a monk, on account of his sombre raiment and shaven erown. 'Princesses that. demean themselves to hob and nob with these black baldicoots." Kingsley. |