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Which we copy from that valuable periodical, Downing's Horticulturist, (a work by the by, which should be in the hands of every lady and gentleman who have a taste for rural affairs.) The view presented "is one of the most pleasing of the new residences on Staten Island, New York, built by a gentleman whose grounds are towards its southern part, and snows the front elevation, and the plan of the principal floor of this dwelling." It is from the designs of A. A. Davis, Esq., Architect, New York.

"The style is

Tudor Gothic, and the intention of the Architect was to produce a pleasing & expressive building at a very moderate cost. The single large gable gives an air of ori

think, at the same
time, very pleasing
in its effect.

"By referring to the plan, which is simple and good, and sufficiently explains itself, it will be seen that the main entrance is on the side of the house, opposite the parlor front,shown in the devation.This suits the locality of the house,

and, by allowing the visitor to enter and obtain his first impression of the view from the windows of the side facing the best view, a stronger effect is produced by the landscape, than if the entrance wereupon the same side that overlooks it. The style in which the villa is designed, is a very excellent one, when the material to be used in its construction, is stone or brick. Its solidity, and the peculiarities of its details, render it, as we think, wholly unsuited to the employment of wood."

The ompliment paid to the Hon. Chas. B. Calvert, its broadest sense-if well directed energies that by the Tudges appointed by the Prince George's Agricultural Society to "award the Calvert premium," will find a hearty and enthusiastic response in the breast of every one who knows the man upon whom the Judges have bestowed their praise. If worth in

never tire in the achievement of noble deeds-if disinterested, generous, lofty zeal, in the cause of agriculture-entitle any one to the respect and love of his peers, that man is, pre-eminently, Charles B. Calvert.

NEW ENGLAND FARMER.-The first number of a new agricultural journal having the above title has reached us from Boston. It is published by J. Nourse, and edited by S. W. Cole, late editor of the "Boston Cultivator," and author of the "American Veterinarian." The present number is remarkably well gotten up, and as well filled with agricultural matter. With Mr. Cole's editorial qualifications wo have been long acquainted, and think it would puz zle him to make anything else than a highly interest ing, as well as instructive work, of any journal under his management. His journal contains 16 pages su per-royal octavo, is beautifully printed on good pa

ADDRESS OF R. J. BOWIE, Esq.--The Address delivered by Mr. Bowie, before the Agricultural Society of Montgomery County, at its late Argricultural Fair, is given to our readers in the present number of our journal; and we ask for it an attentive reading. It is a production written in good taste, and abounds in most salutary advice. Its eulogy on WASHINGTON is as chaste as beautiful, while its allusion to the fact, that that peerless man, In his first message to Congress, recommended Agriculture and Science to the fostering care and protection of that body, is peculiarly opportune at the present moment, when, as we trust, the agriculturists of our broad land are about to make an appeal to the Gen-per, and is published at $1 per year. We sincerely eral Government for justice.

Mr. Bowie's graphic description of the condition and importance of the farmer, is as truthful as well deserved; and we hope it may serve to stimulate every man that tills the earth to assume that elevated position for which Nature and Nature's God intended him. His description of the proper education of a farmer, covers the whole ground of his educational wants; and, as the time has arrived WHEN FARMERS MUST INSIST UPON THE CREATION OF SCHOOLS AND COLLEGES, we do hope that every Agricultural Society and Club in the Union will get up and forward Memorials to Congress demanding their rights. If it be constitutional to expend millions to teach men how to kill their fellow beings in the most approved style, it certainly cannot be unconstitutional to appropriate funds to establish schools to instruct husbandmen in the art of improving the earth, in order that, in the abundance of its yields, it may bid defiance to famine, and win men to the love of the ways of peace.

COLMAN'S EUROPEAN AGRICULTURE.-The Rev. Henry Colman has returned from his European tour, and has just published parts 9 and 10, which complete the work. The present numbers are filled with facts connected with the Agriculture of France, Belgium, Flanders, Switzerland and other continental countries; the which being collected in person by the distinguished author, renders the work of great value. The delay in the publication of these numbers have arisen from the distracted state of several of the countries through which Mr. C. travelled, and from several severe indispositions with which he was affected, and which, for a time, paralized his efforts.

LIFE INSURANCE. In our advertising pages will be found the advertisement of the Albion Life Insurance Company, to which we direct the attention of those wishing to make provision for their families, in case of death. The company is, we believe, one of the safest, and the character of the Agents in this city, is a sufficient guaranty to those who wish to avail of the advantages offered in such associations, that the utmost confidence may be placed in the fulfilment of all contracts entered into with them.

wish him a full measure of public patronage, and we will conclude by adding, that should he receive all he merits, his ambition, if it be not inordinate, will be satisfied.

ST. MARY'S COUNTY AGRICULTURAL SOCIETY.-A

statement has been going the rounds, to the effect that an attempt to get up an Agricultural Society in the good old county of St. Mary's, had resulted in a failure-whilst a proposition to establish a Jockey Club was likely to find more favor. This is a mistake-there is an agricultural society in existence, and has been for years, at the head of which B. I. Heard and H. G. S. Key, esqs. have been respec tively Presidents-but from some cause, they did not succeed in getting up an Exhibition the last fall, and the error originated in the statement of that fact We hope for a better result another year. And if we mistake not, the attempt to get up a race, will also fail, if the next Agricultural Exhibition should not succeed-the lot upon which the jockey club expect to display the prowess of their full blooded heroes of the turf, is now prepared for a premium crop next year, and the motto of the enterprising owner is, no Agricultural Exhibition, no Horse Race-so that the lovers of sport will be compelled to aid in the one, before they can enjoy the other.

Our St. Mary's friends are mortified enough at the failure to which allusion has been made-and they will, we are confident, by another year, show that "some things can be done as well as others," and if life and health is spared us, we pledge ourself to be there, to chronicle their success.

A GOOD SIGN IN CAROLINE.-By the following notice in the Denton Journal, we are pleased to learn that the farmers of one of the Districts of Caroline county have formed an Agricultural Cub. We hope the example will be followed in the other Districts, and that the spirit of improvement which will be thereby aroused, will be found as beneficial as has resulted from the same means in the neighboring

counties.

"We are requested to say, that the frst meeting of the Agricultural Club of the Middle District will be held at 'Willow Grove,' the residence of Richard C. Carter, Esq. on Saturday, the 30th Dec., at 11 o'clock, A. M. A punctual attendance is requested."

THE LATE CATTLE SHOW.-The expense attendant on the necessary fixtures for the late Exhibition, was an item of no inconsiderable importance, when con

MARSH MUD.-A subcriber states that he has am-, great meliorating principle to which they should ple sources of marsh mud, woods' mould, &c. to fer-look, for improvement in the productive capacity of tilize his soil, but that, as he has but a small stock of their lands. cattle, being a young farmer, he is at a loss how to manage his mud so as to bring its meliorating properties into action. If he had sufficient stock to justify his hauling these substances into his cowyard, that would probably be the best means of in-sidered in connection with the fact, that the effort fusing life into them. That being out of the question, was altogether an expertment. It is but justice to let him mix his stable manure with them as far as our public spirited fellow citizen, JNO. GLENN, Esq., that will go in the proportion of stable manure and Vice President for the City, to say that, with the 1 marsh mud and woods-mould. If he has lime mix liberality for which he has ever been distinguished, a bushel of lime with every cart load of it, put it in- he gave assurance, to the President of the Society, to pile and occasionally turn it over with the shovel. that whatever funds should be found necessary in If he has not lime, ashes will answer. And if he carrying out the objects of the Society, should be have no fermenting material, let him put his marshforthcoming for the purpose. Although a demand mud and wood's-mould into heaps of a few cart upon him was not necessary, as the result has loads each, where it will be exposed to the winter's proved, yet the liberality of the offer should not be frosts, and it will be fit for use next spring, though unnoticed. It was worthy of the man. the materials named by him would be greatly improved by being treated with the leavening principles we have spoken of.

SHELL MARL.

We have received a specimen of Shell Marl found upon the farm of Wm. B. Turner, near Charlotte Hall, St. Mary's county, Md. It is evidently rich in Calcareous matter, and would prove on trial to be a valuable manure to any land which may have been long in culture, and, consequently, exhausted of its native supply of lime. As this is silicious marl, it would be particularly serviceable on stiff clays, as besides supplying the necessary quantum of lime, the sand, which appears to us to be about 33 per

cent. of the mass, would act as a mechanical amender of the soil by disintegrating its adhesive particles, thereby reducing its tenacity and rendering it more friable. Though, for the reason stated, this description of marl is peculiarly adapted to stiff soils, it will be found eminently serviceable to sandy, and sandy moulds, destitute of lime, as the calcareous principle existing in it will at once supply the deficiency al

luded to.

APPROPRIATIONS FOR THE ESTABLISHMENT OF AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS.-At the late Maryland State Agricultural Society's meeting, the following resolution was passed with great unanimity of senti.

ment:

Resolved, As the sense of this Society, that as far as the government of the United States may be deemed constitutionally competent to the establishment of schools, academies or other institutions for the diffusion of the sciences applicable to any art or industry, it would better become a Republican government, resting for support on the free will of the people, and would better comport with the true interest and glory of the country, that provision should first and most especially be made, to disseminate a knowledge of the science of cultivating the earth.

We hail its passage with unmingled feelings of pleasure, as the precursor to a species of legislation calculated to bring about a new condition of things in the agricultural community. The resolution looks to the action of the several State Legislatures of the Union, to operate upon that of the Nation. But, as our Legislature will not meet for a year to in Congress, with the view of economising time, to come, we appeal to our Senators and Representatives move a resolution granting a sufficient donation of the public lands to Maryland to establish and sustain an Agricultural School on the Western, and one on the Eastern Shore of this State. Such a proposition may not pass the first session; but that it will ultiAlthough we are not asked our opinion with re- of those who are aware of the determined feeling mately find favor, there can be no doubt in the minds spect to the quantity which should be applied per now existing, and daily gaining strength, among the acre, we will volunteer in that regard, and say, that agricultural community, to assert and maintain their 200 bushels may be advantageously applied upon an rights. Thus far, every other interest has had apacre of clay, and half that quantity upon light soils-propriations made for their benefit; but, although to either of which it cannot fail to prove highly ben

The shells in this specimen evidently belong to the scallop family, and if so, doubtless contain a per centum or two of bone earth, and is, therefore, the more valuable.

eficial.

Those who have deposites of Marl upon their estates, should always have them analyzed, as, when they know the constituent elements of such bodies, they can go to work advisedly in their application, and proportion their dressings so as to give a definite quantity of lime to each acre, that mineral being the

and comprise eight-tenths of our entire population, they are the most important of all other interests, the agricultural class has, comparatively, received nothing at the hands of government. As to the constitutional question, that has been long since settled; and precedents may be found, in numbers, of kindred tutes. To that Senator or that Representative who exercises of power, throughout the National stamay make the first move in this matter, much honor is in store.

SUPPLY OF WOOL.

with a roller. The advantage to the wheat-crop from these processes would more than compensate for the labor.

3. Guano being a costly manure, it should be the policy of those using it to so apply it as to prolong its beneficial action upon the soil to the longest pos

The editor of "The Plough, the Loom, and the Anvil," has received a letter from the largest Woollen manufacturer in the United States, which states"that there is not annually raised in the Union wool enough by 10,000,000 pounds to meet the demands of the manufacturer; AND THAT HE CAN POINT OUT ARTI-sible period-and this can only be done, as we have CLES MADE OF WOOL NOW IMPORTED THAT WILL REQUIRE THIRTY MILLIONS OF POUNDS OF A MEDIUM FINE

QUALITY TO SUPPLY THE CONSUMPTION."

indicated above, by ploughing it in. Its use as a topdressing, we believe can only be justified by neces. sity. If ploughed in, its good effects would be visible for several years-if applied to the surface, no one, we should think, could reasonably expect to derive benefit beyond a single crop, unless combined with the fixers before recommended, and even when thus used, its action would not be continued beyond a couple of years.

SALE OF FINE STOCK.-Col. Alex. S. Matthews, of

This information should stimulate the land owners of our country to make all possible exertions to so increase their flocks of sheep, as to be able, in a few years, to make up this deficiency in the supply of suitable wool to meet the demands of the home market—a market, which, after all that may be said upon the subject, is the best and most reliable for the farmer, being, as it is, less subject to fluctuations than the foreign ones. As the excessive Wythe County, Va., has just purchased from Col. growth of any commodity always tends to depreci- Capron, of Laurel, the fine bull Gledhow, which reate value, it is ever safest for the agricultural com-ceived the second prize at the late Cattle Show in munity when it may be either increasing its produc- this city. A portrait of Gledhow appeared in the tion of an article, or engaging in a new one, to ob- American Farmer of January last, and is considered serve caution and exercise prudence; neither to be afraid to venture in, nor to wade beyond their depth -the better policy being, in the onset, to feel the market, and weigh well its advantages and disadvantages before they risk too much capital to meet its demands. Those who have lands calculated for sheep culture-and there are hundreds of thousands of such lands in Maryland, and the South, and southwest, which are now doing nothing for their owners, and which could at little expense be converted into sheep-walks-we say, all possessing such lands should set themselves to work, to prudently occupy them with flocks of sheep, and raise wool, taking care to regulate the extent of their respective enterprises by the actual demand for the article.

ON THE APPLICATION OF GUANO. A correspondent in Prince William County, Virginia, asks the following questions:

"Will you please inform me if Guano can be profitably applied to the Wheat crop now growing? If so, would you use it during the winter or in the spring, and how would you direct its use?"

To these questions we answer,

1. That, from the volatile nature of the nutritive portions of guano, the most profitable way of applying it, is to plough it in.

one of the finest bulls ever brought into this State. Col. C. having recently obtained the beautiful bull Valentine, which bore off the first honors at the late Show, consented to part with Gledhow, who will, no doubt, be found a great acquisition to the fertile grazing regions to which he is bound. Col. Matthews has also engaged Valentine, deliverable in two years, by which time the loving dames of the fair plains of Laurel will be required to accept the attentions of

another new lover.

The cows Cleopatra and Miss Model, full blooded former of which bore off one of the prizes, accom Durhams, which were exhibited at our Fair, the pany Gledhow to his new home.

Col. Capron has also sold some of his young stock, of the Durham and Devon breeds, to Col. C. Carroll, who, we learn, is entering with much spirit into the introduction of improved breeds of stock into his neighborhood. He has recently purchased from Col. Ware, of Va., a number of his fine Cotswolds; and we doubt not that, when another year revolves around, our next Fair will be graced with many a beautiful specimen of superior breeds of animals, from the princely estate of Dougbregan Manor.

CORRECTION.-In the notice of Col. Ware's sheep, on page 196, of December No., for $20, read £20.

2. That it may be applied as a top-dressing to the growing wheat; but that we would advise Plaster or F. P. BLAIR, Esq., of this county, states, in the Globe, pulverized charcoal to be combined with it. As a that his farm now produces eighteen barrels or ninety bushels top-dressing we would use 200 lbs. guano and 1 bushel of plaster per acre-that when combined with charcoal 10 bushels per acre should be incorporated with it. We should prefer the spring to winter-and we should select a dry time, when the frost is out of the ground-so soon as sown, we would lightly harrow the ground, and follow the harrow-Montgomery Co. (Md.) Journal.

of corn to the acre. A few years ago, Mr. Blair's farm was as unsightly a looking place as could be seen in our countypoor and barren enough. Mr. Blair has just done what many others, owning poor lands in this county, can do, if they will make the effort. It has been ascertained, by actual experiment, which has not in a single instance failed, that our exhausted and worn out lands can be readily reclaimed, at comparatively a trifling expense. A little capital, with a smart sprinkling of industry and perseverance, is all that is required.

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ADDRESS

Delivered before the Montgomery County Agricultural
Society, at its late Annual Exhibition,
September 14, 1848.

bidding him cherish his country and her institutions, and the memory of those by whom she was made free!

The FATHERS of our country, were the farmers of the land. He who was "first in war, first in peace, and first in the hearts of his countrymen," was the most systematic, practical and successful farmer of Virginia. The forethought of the farmer, united with the valor of the soldier and the wisdom of the statesman; the eye that watched the enemy by the camp fires of Valley Forge, and planned the caption, over the fields of Mount Vernon, and directed the rotation of their crops. Regular as the seasons, and equal as justice, every field had its appointed task, every implement its appointed place.

BY RICHARD J. BOWIE, ESQ. Ladies, Mr. President, and Gentlemen:-If the honor of addressing you, which I now enjoy, implied the possession of theoretical or practical knowledge of agriculture, I should not occupy my present position. Neither my profession nor pursuits warrant the inference. This society, recognizing in one of its hum-tures of Trenton and Yorktown, roved in imaginablest members a zealous sciolist, has selected him as its organ on this occasion, to speak of the wants, the unskilful most sensibly feel, and those general relations of the farmer to the community, which, though obvious to all, need occasional remembrance, that they may not be overlooked in the struggles of life. Aware that what should proceed from myself would have but few claims on your attention, I invoke your consideration, by premising that much which I shall submit to you is derived from eminent agricultural writers, clothed sometimes in their language, sometimes in my own.

Allow me to congratulate you upon the recurrence of our third anniversary, under circumstances so auspicious.

The climate, the soil, the seed, were duly examined and considered; the means proportioned to the end; the profit and loss ascertained with mercantile exactness. What a study for an American farmer! "High as the Alps o'ertop the Appenine,

Or Chimborazo's lofty peak the Grampian hills, Towers o'er other men, great WASHINGTON." Great as were his military deeds, and inestimable as his political and civil services, scarcely less valuable is his example as a farmer, if closely studied and pursued.

Let it be ever remembered by farmers, that his first message commended Agriculture and Science to the fostering care and protection of Congressplacing them prominently before the Representatives of the people as objects of especial interest, equal in magnitude and importance to any commitled to them.

The most sanguine expectations of the friends of this association have been more than realized. Its Increasing numbers, the widening circle of generous emulation among the farmers of the county, the rapid improvements in many parts, and the decidedly increased productions of others, bear unequivocal testimony to its usefulness. This neighborhood alone, formerly one of the least productive of the county, dependent upon others for breadstuffs, not If these suggestions had been adopted as promptonly supplies its own wants in that respect, but ex-ly as those relating to the Military Academy, who ports a surplus, Its effects upon the moral and in- can doubt that the triumphs of the sword would have tellectual character of the county, at home and been rivalled, if not eclipsed, by those of the plow, abroad, are not the less apparent; and if this were and the period hastened" when nations shall learn the time and place to speak of them, we might point with exultation to the encomiums bestowed on the intellectual efforts of some of our citizens, who have treated on agricultural themes.

war no more."

"Tho' he threw back the fetters and headed the strife,
Till man's charter was fairly restored;
Yet he prayed for the moment when freedom and life,
Would no longer be pressed by the sword."

We have but one unpropitious event to deplore: the inscrutable, mysterious, but doubtless all-wise How long will civilized and enlightened man dispensation, which struck down, in the pride and make force the arbiter of right-worship a sceptre, in prime of life, the late President of this Club, whose the form of a sword-idolize its wearers, and prosenergy and enterprise largely contributed to its for-trate himself before the car of martial glory and remation, and whose influence and character commended it to public favor.

Instinct with vigor and intelligence, his voice and eye, twelve months ago, filled and animated this crowded hall; now, the reaper is gathered to his fathers, and the plowman lies level with the furrows of the plain. The highest eulogy we can pay him as a farmer, is to imitate his example; the most instructive moral we can draw from the lamented demise, is to put not only our farms, but our houses in

order.

As if to reward us for our efforts to ameliorate the soil, and elevate ourselves in the scale of moral and intellectual improvement, a munificent Providence has poured upon us every blessing, which, as a people, we could desire, and infinitely more than we deserve. While Europe is convulsed with civil strife, and wasted by disease, America, resting from the labors of a luxuriant harvest, sits under her "own vine and fig tree," inhaling health in every breeze, "with none to make her afraid." What a contrast between the old world and the new! How eloquently does it speak to the heart of every American,

nown?

Craving your indulgence for this digression, in paying a feeble tribute to the Farmer of Mount Vernon, I address myself to the more immediate objects of this meeting.

The admirable addresses delivered before you, at the previous annual exhibitions of this society, have developed the process of vegetation from the germ to the fruit; the organization and growth of plants, the constituents of the soil, and general geological features of our county, with a perspicuity and beauty, alike honorable to the lecturers and yourselves. I propose to consider, not the seed, but the sower; not the farm, but the farmer, his position, relations, and duties.

"By a necessity founded on the nature of things, society is divided into two classes :—the one, by its labor, produces or draws from the earth riches, continually renewing, which supply the other with subsistence and materials for all its wants; the other, employed in giving those materials such preparations and forms as render them proper for the use of man."

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