127. Chromatic Scale in the Tenor.

128. Chromatic Scale in the Bass.

CHAPTER XIX

MODULATION

Modulation Defined. A change of key in the course of a piece is called modulation.

There are two principal kinds of modulation:

I. The passing modulation, or transition, in which no ending or cadence is made in the new key, and which does not last usually for more than two or three pulses.

2. The cadence modulation, in which an ending, or cadence, is made in the new key.

3. The change of key is indicated by incidentals, as #4 or 7, without change of key signature, unless the passage in the new key is extended. In the latter case the key signature is changed.

The More Common Modulations in the Major Mode. The more common modulations in the major mode are:

I. From any key to the key of its dominant.

2.

From any key to the key of its subdominant.

3. From any key to its relative minor key.

4.

From any key to the relative minor key of its dominant.

5. From any key to the relative minor key of its subdominant.

It is not always easy to ascertain just where the change of key is made without a knowledge of harmony. However, if the intervals are sung correctly a mental sense of the change is soon experienced.

MODULATIONS IN THE MAJOR MODE

Change of Key, to the Dominant Key. C to G.

Key, C.

Change of Key, to Relative Minor Key. C to A Minor.

Change of Key, to the Relative Minor Key of the Dominant. C to E Minor. d. Key, C.

2

Change of Key, to Relative Minor Key of the Subdominant. C to D Minor.

e.

Key, C

Key, D Minor.

Transpose these exercises into different keys.

Key, C.

129. Students name the changes of key in the following five exercises.

Five exercises from Graduated Exercises, by permission of Novello, Ewer & Co.

Students write scale names to Nos. 129 to 131 inclusive.

WORK.

Transitions or Passing Modulations.

I. Work, and thou wilt ev-er bless the day; They that work enjoy the time of play; 2. Round, a- bove, the roll-ing planets glow; Should they pause, how col-or-less they'd grow!

0:4

God is living, and is work-ing still; Work would'st thou true joy and pleasure feel. Joy and beau-ty-tell us where were they? If the world did not this law bey.

WEARY, AS WITH CLOSING EYE.

Transitions.
Slow.

1. Weary, as with clos-ing eye, On my peaceful bed I lie;
2. Have I thro' the day in aught Sinned in words, or deed, or thought,

The words Passing Modulation and Transition have practically the same meaning.