contribute also to produce, in all minds, a pious feeling of dependence and gratitude. We wish, finally, that the last object on the sight of him who leaves his native shore, and the first to gladden him who revisits it, may be something which shall remind him of the liberty and glory of his country. Let it rise till it meet the sun in his coming; let the earliest light of morning gild it, and parting day linger and play upon its summit.”

'Subdued examples' for very soft force, 'short slides,' and gentle, median stress,' and the 'purest quality.'

66

"I thought to pass away before, and yet alive I am; And in the fields all round I hear the bleating of the lamb. How sadly, I remember, rose the morning of the year! To die before the snow-drop came, and now the violet 's here. O sweet is the new violet, that comes beneath the skies, And sweeter is the young lamb's voice to me that cannot rise, And sweet is all the land about, and all the flowers that blow, And sweeter far is death than life to me that long to go.

“O look! the sun begins to rise, the heavens are in a glow ;
He shines upon a hundred fields, and all of them I know.
O sweet and strange it seems to me, that ere this day is done,
The voice that now is speaking may be beyond the sun-
Forever and forever; all in a blessed home -

And there to wait a little while till you and Effie come
To lie within the light of God, as I lie upon your breast
And the wicked cease from troubling and the weary are at rest.”

'Joyous' example for 'pure quality' and happy' median stress."

"And what is so rare as a day in June?

Then, if ever, come perfect days;

Then Heaven tries the earth if it be in tune,
And over it softly her warm ear lays:

Whether we look, or whether we listen,
We hear life murmur, or see it glisten;

Every clod feels a stir of might,

An instinct within it that reaches and towers,
And, groping blindly above it for light,
Climbs to a soul in grass and flowers;
The little bird sits at his door in the sun,
Atilt like a blossom among the leaves,
And lets his illumined being o'errun
With the deluge of summer it receives."

A striking example of both qualities may be taken from the dialogue between "Old Shylock" and "Portia." The tones of Shylock's voice, to express his spite and revenge, must be marked by the most abrupt stress' and 'aspirated or impure quality;' while the beautiful sentiments of Portia demand the smoothest stress' and 'purest quality.'

"PORTIA. Do you confess the bond?
ANTONIO. I do.

POR. Then must the Jew be merciful.

SHYLOCK. On what compulsion must I? Tell me that.

POR. The quality of mercy is not strained;

It droppeth as the gentle rain from heaven
Upon the place beneath: it is twice bless'd;

It blesseth him that gives, and him that takes:
"T is mightiest in the mightiest: it becomes
The throned monarch better than his crown:

It is enthroned in the hearts of kings,

It is an attribute to God himself,

And earthly power doth then shew likest God's,
When mercy seasons justice."

Having thus treated of, and illustrated with various kinds of pieces, each one of the elements of elocution, separately, let us now finish our work by learning how all these separate elements unite together and blend in the natural expression of each 'kind' of sentiment.

Unemotional' pieces should have 'moderate' 'standard force' and 'time' and 'slides' and 'volume,' 'middle pitch,' 'smooth stress,' and 'pure quality' of voice.

Unemotional Example.

"There is something nobly simple and pure in a taste for the cultivation of forest trees. It argues, I think, a sweet and generous nature, to have a strong relish for the beauties of vegetation, and a friendship for the hardy and glorious sons of the forest. He, who plants an oak, looks forward to future ages, and plants for posterity. Nothing can be less selfish than this. He cannot expect to sit in its shade and enjoy its shelter; but he exults in the idea that the acorn which he has buried in the earth shall grow up into a lofty pile, and shall keep on flourishing and increasing and benefiting mankind, long after he shall have ceased to tread his paternal fields."

'Bold' pieces should have 'loud' 'standard force,' 'long slides,' moderate time,' with long quantity on the emphatic syllables, middle pitch,' abrupt stress,' and slightly aspirated quality.'

66

Bold Example.

Who, then, caused the strife

That crimsoned Naseby's field, and Marston's Moor?
It was the Stuart;

so the Stuart fell!

A victim, in the pit himself had digged!
He died not, sirs, as hated kings have died,
In secret and in shade, no eye to trace
The one step from their prison to their pall:
He died in the eyes of Europe, in the face
Of the broad Heaven; amidst the sons of England,
Whom he had outraged; by a solemn sentence,
Passed by a solemn Court. Does this seem guilt?
You pity Charles! 't is well; but pity more
The tens of thousand honest humble men,
Who, by the tyranny of Charles compelled
To draw the sword, fell, butchered in the field!"

'Animated or joyous' pieces should have 'fast time,' lively, springing median stress,' 'pure quality,' 'long slides,' 'high pitch,' and 'loud force.'

Joyous Example.

"You must wake and call me early, call me early, mother dear, To-morrow 'll be the happiest time of all the glad New-Year; Of all the glad New-Year, mother, the maddest, merriest day; For I'm to be Queen o' the May, mother, I'm to be Queen o' the May.

"I sleep so sound all night, mother, that I shall never wake, If you do not call me loud when the day begins to break: But I must gather knots of flowers, and buds and garlands gay, For I'm to be Queen o' the May, mother, I'm to be Queen o' the May."

'Subdued or pathetic' pieces should have soft force,'' short (or minor) slides,' slow time,' gentle median stress,' 'pure quality,' 'high pitch,' and less than 'moderate volume.'

Subdued or Pathetic Example.

"If you're waking call me early, call me early, mother dear, For I would see the sun rise upon the glad New-Year.

It is the last New-Year that I shall ever see,

Then

66

you may lay me low i' the mould and think no more of me.

To-night I saw the sun set! he set and left behind

The good old year, the dear old time, and all my peace of mind, And the New-Year's coming up, mother, but I shall never see The blossom on the blackthorn, the leaf upon the tree."

6

'Grave' pieces should have low pitch,' slow time,' with 'long quantity and pauses,' full volume' soft force' and 'short slides' also smooth stress' and 'pure quality' when the ideas are reverential or solemn merely - but more or less 'abrupt stress' and aspirated quality' when characterized by fear or aversion, as in 'dread,' awe,' and horror.'

Grave Example.

"Come to the bridal chamber,

- Death!

Come to the mother, when she feels

For the first time her first-born's breath;
Come when the blessed seals

That close the pestilence are broke,
And crowded cities wail its stroke;
Come in Consumption's ghastly form,
The earthquake shock, the ocean storm,
Come when the heart beats high and warm
With banquet-song and dance and wine,-
And thou art terrible! the tear,

'Noble' pieces should have 'full-swelling volume' and 'median stress,' with long quantity' and 'long slides,' 'loud force,'pure quality,' and 'middle pitch.'

Noble Example.

"But to the hero, when his sword

Has won the battle for the free,

Thy voice sounds like a prophet's word,

And in its hollow tones are heard

The thanks of millions yet to be.
Bozzaris! with the storicd Brave
Greece nurtured in her glory's time,
Rest thee! there is no prouder grave,
Even in her own proud clime.

We tell thy doom without a sigh;

For thou art Freedom's now and Fame's,

One of the few, the immortal names,

That were not born to die!"

Both ludicrous' and 'sarcastic' pieces should have long circumflex slides' and 'compound' abrupt stress,' 'long quan