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the appointment and fix the compensation of such deputies, clerks, and subordinate officers.

Similar provisions: Pen. Code, § 23.

Further instances of continued statutes: See post, §§ 697, 1415, subd. 4, and §§ 4331, 4442.

Legislation § 19. Enacted March 12, 1872; (1) subd. 8 retaining act of Stats. 1867-68, p. 604; (2) subd. 9, act of Stats. 1865-66, p. 641; (3) subd. 10, act of Stats. 1869–70, p. 585; (4) subd. 11, act of Stats. 1865-66, p. 332; (5) subd. 12, act of 1865-66, p. 637; (6) subd. 13, act of 1865-66, p. 857; (7) subd. 14, act of 1867-68, p. 13; (8) subd. 15, act of Stats. 1869–70, p. 325; (9) subd. 16, act of Stats. 1859, p. 298; (10) subd. 17, act of Stats. 1865–66, p. 322; (11) subd. 18, act of Stats. 1851, p. 432; (12) subd. 19, act of Stats. 1865-66, p. 848; (13) subd. 20, act of Stats. 1869-70, p. 815; (14) subd. 21, act of Stats. 1869-70, p. 746; (15) subd. 22, act of Stats. 1869-70, p. 744. The code commissioners say: "The acts retained by this and other provisions of the codes, but not incorporated in either code, are chiefly temporary in their character, and for that reason ought not to have a place in a code intended to be permanent. But, in order to do away with the use of the volumes of the statutes, all such acts should be compiled and published in one volume. We have in the fifth part of this code made provisions for such publication." See post, § 4494, for code commissioners' note. § 20. This act, how cited, etc. This act, whenever cited, enumerated, referred to, or amended, may be designated simply as the Political Code, adding, when necessary, the number of the section.

This act, how cited. The constitution nowhere uses the word "code." but speaks of the way in which an "act" may be revised or amended: Const., art. IV, § 24. See opinion of Mr. Justice McKinstry, in Earle v. Board of Education, 55 Cal. 494.

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PART I.

OF THE SOVEREIGNTY AND PEOPLE OF THE STATE, AND OF THE POLITICAL RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF ALL PERSONS SUBJECT TO ITS JURISDICTION.

TITLE I. SOVEREIGNTY OF THE STATE. §§ 30-44.

II. PERSONS COMPOSING THE PEOPLE OF THE STATE. §§ 50-52.
III. POLITICAL RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF ALL PERSONS SUBJECT TO THE
JURISDICTION OF THE STATE.
(11)

§§ 54-60.

TITLE I.

Sovereignty of the State.

Chapter I. Residence of Sovereignty. § 30.

II. Territorial Jurisdiction of the State. §§ 33-35.
General Rights of the State Over Persons. §§ 37.
IV. General Rights of the State Over Property. §§ 40-44.

III.

CHAPTER I.

Residence of Sovereignty.

§ 30. Sovereignty resides in the people.

§30. Sovereignty resides in the people. The sovereignty of the state resides in the people thereof, and all writs and processes must issue in

their name.

§3.

People of state:

1. Political supremacy of: See Const., art. I, § 2.

2. Rights of: See Const., art. I, §§ 10, 19, 23.

Style of process: See Const., art. VI, § 20.

Prosecutions in name of people: See Const., art. VI, § 20.

State sovereignty. State inseparable part of Union: Const., art. I,

Federal constitution supreme law of land: Const., art, I, § 3.
Legislation § 30. Enacted March 12, 1872.

CHAPTER II.

Territorial Jurisdiction of the State.

$33. Territorial jurisdiction, limitations on.

$34. Legislative consent to purchase, etc., of lands by United States for public use; jurisdiction over.

$35. Conveyance of state lands for lighthouse sites.

§ 33. Territorial jurisdiction, limitations on. The sovereignty and jurisdiction of this state extends to all places within its boundaries as established by the constitution, but the extent of such jurisdiction over places that have been or may be ceded to, purchased, or condemned by the United States, is qualified by the terms of such cession or the laws under which such purchase or condemnation has been or may be made. Boundary of state: Const., art. XXI, § 1.

Purchase or condemnation by United States: Post, § 34.
Legislation § 33. Enacted March 12, 1872.

§ 34. Legislative consent to purchase, etc., of lands by United States for public use; jurisdiction over. The legislature consents to the purchase or condemnation by the United States of any tract of land within this state for the purpose of erecting forts, magazines, arsenals, dockyards, and other needful buildings, upon the express condition that all civil process issued from the courts of this state, and such criminal pro

cess as may issue under the authority of this state, against any person charged with crime, may be served and executed thereon in the same mode and manner and by the same officers as if the purchase or condemnation had not been made.

Lighthouses, and other aids to navigation. Submarine sites for: See post, § 35.

Legislation § 34. Enacted March 12, 1872.

§ 35. Conveyance of state lands for lighthouse sites. The governor, on application therefor by a duly authorized agent, may convey to the United States any tract of land not exceeding ten acres, belonging to the state and covered by navigable waters, for the site of a lighthouse, beacon, or other aid to navigation. After such conveyance the United States shall have jurisdiction over such tract, subject to the right of the state to have concurrent jurisdiction so far that all process, civil or criminal, issued under authority of the state may be executed by the proper officers thereof within such tract, upon any person or persons amenable to the same, in like manner and with like effect as if such conveyance had not been made.

Legislation § 35. Added by Stats. 1907, p. 581; the code commissioner saying, "Codifies the statute of 1873-74, p. 621."

CHAPTER III.

General Rights of the State Over Persons.

§ 37. Rights over persons enumerated.

§ 37. Rights over persons enumerated. The state has the following rights over persons within its limits, to be exercised in the cases and in the manner provided by law:

1. To punish for crime;

2. To imprison or confine for the protection of the public peace or health or of individual life or safety.

3. To imprison or confine for the purpose of enforcing civil remedies; 4. To establish custody and restraint for the persons of idiots, lunaties, drunkards, and other persons of unsound mind;

5. To establish custody and restraint of paupers for the purposes of their maintenance;

6. To establish custody and restraint of minors unprovided for by natural guardians, for the purposes of their education, reformation, and maintenance;

7. To require services of persons, with or without compensation: In military duty; in jury duty; as witnesses; as town or village officers; in highway labor; in maintaining the public peace; in enforcing the service of process; in protecting life and property from fire, pestilence, wreck, and flood; and in such other cases as are provided by statute.

Declaration of rights of people: Const., art. I, §§ 1-24.
Police powers of state: Post, §§ 2949-3387.

Legislation § 37. Enacted March 12, 1872.

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