SEC. 44. The Justices of the Supreme Court shall be elected biennially, d their term of office shall be two years.27

SEC. 45. The Assistant Judges of the County Court, Sheriffs, High Bailiffs, d State's Attorneys shall be elected by the freemen of their respective intles.28

SEC. 46. Judges of Probate shall be elected by the freemen of their rective probate districts.29

SEC. 27. Justices of the Peace shall be elected by the freemen of their spective towns; and towns having less than one thousand inhabitants may et any number of Justices of the Peace not exceeding five; towns having e thousand and less than two thousand inhabitants, may elect seven; towns ving two thousand and less than three thousand inhabitants, may elect ten; vns having three thousand and less than five thousand inhabitants may elect elve; and towns having five thousand, or more, inhabitants may elect fifteen stices of the Peace:30

SEC. 48. The term of office of the Assistant Judges of the County Courts, eriffs, High Bailiffs. State's Attorneys, Judges of Probate and Justices of e Peace, shall be two years, and shall commence on the first day of February xt after their election.31

r.

SEC. 49. The election of the several officers mentioned in the preceding tion, shall be made at the times and in the manner now directed in the nstitution for the choice of Senators. And the presiding officer of each emen's meeting, after the votes shall have been taken, sorted and counted, all, in open meeting, make a certificate of the names of all persons voted r, with the number of votes given for each annexed to his name, and signating the office for which the votes were given, a record of which shall made in the Town Clerk's office, and he shall seal up said certificate, and all write thereon the name of the town and the words, Certificate of Votes and add thereto, in writing, the title of the office voted r, as the case may be, and shall deliver such certificate to some Reprentative chosen as a member of the General Assembly, whose duty it shall to. cause such certificate of votes to be delivered to the committee of the eneral Assembly appointed to canvass the same. And at the sitting of the neral Assembly. next after such balloting for the officers aforesaid, there all be a committee appointed of and by the General Assembly, who' shall sworn to the faithful discharge of their duty, and whose duty it shall be examine such certificates and ascertain the number of votes given for each ndidate, and the persons receiving the largest number of votes for the spective offices, shall be declared duly elected, and by such committee be ported to the General Assembly and the officers so elected shall be comissioned by the Governor. And if two or more persons designated for any e of said offices, shall have received an equal number of votes, the General ssembly shall elect one of such persons to such office.32

SEC. 50. No person in this State shall be capable of holding or exersing more than one of the following, offices at the same time: Governor, eutenant-Governor, Justice of the Supreme Court, Treasurer of the State. ember of the Senate, member of the House of Representatives, Surveyoreneral, or Sheriff. Nor shall any person holding any office of profit or trust ider the authority of Congress, be eligible to any appointment in the Legisture, or to any executive or judiciary office under this State.

SEC. 51. All elections, whether by the people or the Legislature, shall free and voluntary: and any elector who shall receive any gift or reard for his vote, in meat, drink, moneys or otherwise, shall forfeit his ght to elect at that time. and suffer such other penalty as the law shall

Amendment No. 26, 1870.

Amendments Nos. 14, 15 and 16, 1850.

Amendment No. 17, 1850.

Amendment No. 18, 1850.

Amendments No. 19, 1850; No. 24, Section 5, 1870; and Proposal No. 2, 1913. e Note 5.

Amendments No. 5, 1836; No. 20, 1850; and No. 24, Section 2. 1870.

direct; and any person who shall directly or indirectly give, promise, or be stow, any such rewards to be elected, shall thereby be rendered incapable to serve for the ensuing year, and be subject to such further punishment the Legislature shall direct.

OATH OF ALLEGIANCE OATH OF OFFICE.

SEC. 52. Every officer, whether judicial, executive, or military, in auther ity under this State, before he enters upon the execution of his office, shal take and subscribe the following oath or affirmation of allegiance to this State (unless he shall produce evidence that he has before taken the same. and also the following oath or affirmation of office, except military officers, 1 and such as shall be exempted by the Legislature.

THE OATH OR AFFIRMATION OF ALLEGIANCE.

You do solemnly swear (or affirm) that you will be true and faithful the State of Vermont, and that you will not, directly or indirectly, do any act or thing injurious to the Constitution or Government thereof. (If a oath) So help you God. (If an affirmation) Under the pains and penalties of perjury.

You

THE OATH OR AFFIRMATION OF OFFICE.

do solemnly swear (or affirm) that you will faithful
for the
of

execute the office of
and will therein do equal right and justice to all men, to the best of y
judgment and ability, according to law. (If an oath) So help you
(If an affirmation) Under the pains and penalties of perjury.

IMPEACHMENTS.

SEC. 53. The House of Representatives shall have the power to order impeachments, which shall in all cases be by a vote of two-thirds of is members.33

SEC. 54. Every officer of State, whether judicial or executive, shall te liable to be impeached by the House of Representatives, either when in or after his resignation or removal for maladministration.34

The Senate shall have the sole power of trying and deciding upon impeachments. When sitting for that purpose, they shall be on oath, or affir tion, and no person shall be convicted, without the concurrence of two-thir of the members present. Judgment in cases of impeachment shall not extend further than to removal from office and disqualification to hold or enjoy an office of honor, or profit, or trust, under this State. But the person co victed shall, nevertheless, be liable and subject to indictment, trial, jus ment, and punishment, according to law.

MILITIA.

SEC. 55. The inhabitants of this State shall be trained and armed f its defence, under such regulations, restrictions, and exceptions, as Congres agreeably to the Constitution of the United States, and the Legislature of this State, shall direct. The several companies of Militia shall, as ofte as vacancies happen, elect their Captain and other officers, and the Captais and Subalterns shall nominate and recommend the field officers of their spective regiments, who shall appoint their staff officers.

GENERAL PROVISIONS.

SEC. 56. No person ought in any case, or in any time, to be decis guilty of treason or felony, by the Legislature, nor to have his sentence p conviction for felony commuted, remitted, or mitigated by the Legislature.

33 Amendment No. 25, Section 3, 1870.

34 Amendments Nos. 7 and 8, 1836.

Proposal No. 4, made by the senate on December 7, 1910, concurred in by C house on January 11, 1911, concurred in by the senate on January 30, 1913, concur in by the house on January 28, 1913, ratified on March 4, 1913, and procla adopted on April 8, 1913.

SEC. 57. As every freeman, to preserve his independence (if without a ficient estate) ought to have some profession, calling. trade, or farm, ereby he may honestly subsist, there can be no necessity for, nor use in. ablishing offices of profit, the usual effects of which are dependence and vility, unbecoming freemen, in the possessors or expectants, and faction. tention and discord among the people. But if any man is called into public vice to the prejudice of his private affairs, he has a right to a reasonable npensation; and whenever an office through increase of fees or otherwise, comes so profitable as to occasion many to apply for it, the profit ought be lessened by the Legislature. And if any officer shall wittingly and - willy, take greater fees than the law allows him, it shall ever after disqualify n from holding any office in this State, until he shall be restored by act legislation.

SEC. 38. All deeds and conveyances of lands shall be recorded in the wn Clerk's office in their respective towns; and, for want thereof, in the unty Clerk's office in the same county.

SEC. 59. The Legislature shall regulate entails in such manner event perpetuities.

as to SEC. 6. To deter more effectually from the commission of crimes, by tinued visible punishments of long duration, and to make sanguinary punments less necessary, means ought to be provided for punishing by hard or, those who shall be convicted of crimes not capital, whereby the crimi| shall be employed for the benefit of the public, or for the reparation injuries done to private persons: and all persons at proper times ought be permitted to see them at their labor.

SEC. 61. The estates of such persons as may destroy their own lives, ill not, for that offence, be forfeited, but shall descend or ascend in the ne manner as if such persons had died in a natural way. Nor shall any ticle which shall accidently occasion the death of any person, be deemed a dand, or in any wise forfeited on account of such misfortune.

SEC. 62. Every person of good character, who comes to settle in this State, ving first taken an oath or affirmation of allegiance to the same, may rchase, or by other just means acquire, hold and transfer land, or other il estate: and after one year's residence shall be deemed a free denizen reof, and entitled to all rights of a natural born subject of this State, ept the privileges of a freeman, the right to which is herein elsewhere termined, and except also that he shall not be capable of being elected easurer, or Representative in Assembly, until after two years' residence, t be eligible to the office of Governor or Lieutenant-Governor until he ill have resided in this State as required by section 23 of this Constitution. SEC. 63. The inhabitants of this State have liberty in seasonable times, hunt and fowl on the lands they hold, and on other lands not inclosed, d in like manner to fish in all boatable and other waters (not private property) der proper regulations, to be made and provided by the General Assembly.

SEC. 64. Laws for the encouragement of virtue and prevention of vice and morality, ought to be constantly kept in force, and duly executed; and a mpetent number of schools ought to be maintained in each town, for the venient instruction of youth; and one or more grammar schools to be inporated and properly supported, in each county in this State. And all reious societies, or bodies of men that may be united or incorporated for the vancement of religion and learning, or for other pious and charitable purposes, all be encouraged and protected in the enjoyment of the privileges, immunities. destates, which they in justice ought to enjoy, under such regulations as General Assembly of this State shall direct.

SEC. 65. No charter of incorporation shall be granted, extended, changed amended by special law, except for such municipal, charitable, educational, nal or reformatory corporations as are to be and remain under the patronage control of the State: but the General Assembly shall provide by general ys for the organization of all corporations hereafter to be created. All general

laws passed pursuant to this section may be altered from time to the s repealed.36

th

SEC. 66. The General Assembly may pass laws compelling compensation for injuries received by employees in the course of their employment resulting ve in death or bodily hurt, for the benefit of such employees, their widows, a next of kin. It may designate the class or classes of employers and employees to which such laws shall apply.37

SEC. 67. The Declaration of the political rights and privileges of the habitants of this State, is hereby declared to be a part of the Constitution this Commonwealth; and ought not to be violated on any pretence whatsoeve

AMENDMENT OF THE CONSTITUTION.

447

SEC. 68. At the fifth biennial session of the General Assembly of this Sta following that of A. D. 1910, and at the session thereof every tenth year there after, the Senate may, by a vote of two-thirds of its members, make propos of amendment to the Constitution of the State, which proposals of amendmen if concurred in by a majority of the members of the House of Representatives shall be entered on the journals of the two Houses, and referred to the General Assembly then next to be chosen, and be published in the principal newspapers ad of the State; and if a majority of the members of the Senate and of the Hot of Representatives of the next following General Assembly shall respective concur in the same proposals of amendment, or any of them, it shall be t duty of the General Assembly to submit the proposals of amendment so curred in to a direct vote of the freemen of the State; and such of said p posals of amendment as shall receive a majority of the votes of the free voting thereon shall become a part of the Constitution of this State.

The General Assembly shall direct the manner of voting by the p và upon the proposed amendments, and enact all such laws as shall be necess to procure a free and fair vote upon each amendment proposed, and to cam into effect all the provisions of this section.38

SEC. 69. The persons severally elected in 1912 to the offices mentione section 35 shall hold such offices until the term of their successors elected first Tuesday next after the first Monday of November, A. D. 1914, shall be a V as herein provided.39

SEC. 70. The Justices of the Supreme Court are hereby authorized directed to revise Chapter II of the Constitution by incorporating into Chapter all amendments of the Constitution that are now or may be then force and excluding therefrom all sections, clauses and words not in fore se rearranging and renumbering the sections thereof under appropriate titles as a their judgment may be most logical and convenient; and said revised Chapte II as certified to the Secretary of State by said Justices or a majority the shall be a part of the Constitution of this State in substitution for exist Chapter II and all amendments thereof. 40

STATE OF VERMONT-CHAMBERS OF THE JUSTICES OF THE SUPREME COUST To the Secretary of State:

We hereby certify that the foregoing instrument, divided into seventy ** tious numbered consecutively, is a revision of Chapter II of the Constituti

Proposal No. 5, made by the senate on December 7, 1910, concurred in bet house on January 11, 1911, concurred in by the senate on January 21, 1913. com in by the house on January 28, 1913, ratified on March 4, 1913, and proclaimed on April 8, 1913. Proposal No. 7, made by the senate on December 7, 1910, concurred in house on January 11, 1911, concurred in by the senate on January 30, 1913. TETOR in by the house on February 4, 1913, ratified on March 4, 1913, and pra adopted on April 8 1913.

38 Amendment No. 25, Sections 1 and 2, 1876.

39 Proposal No. 2, 1913. See Note 5.

Proposal No. 8, made by the senate on December 7, 1910, concurred in las 17 house on January 11, 1911, concurred in by the senate on December 1, 152-.. curred in by the house on January 29 1913, and ratified on March 4, 1913.

is State made by us by virtue of the authority and direction of a constituonal provision in that regard ratified and adopted by the people of this State n the fourth day of March, A. D. 1913, as appears by the Proclamation of the overnor dated the eighth day of April, A. D. 1913.

Done at Montpelier this twenty-ninth day of September, A. D. 1913.

JOHN W. ROWELL, Chief Justice.

OVELAND MUNSON, JOHN H. WATSON, SENECA HASELTON, GEORGE M. POWERS, Associate Justices.

The following proclamation, issued by the governor on April 8, 1913, gives in full he amendments adopted in 1913:

GOVERNOR'S PROCLAMATION, APRIL 8, 1913. ·

Whereas, The following Articles of Amendment of the Constitution have een submitted to a direct vote of the freemen of the State for their ratification nd adoption, as provided by the Constitution and by an act of the General Assembly of 1912, entitled "An act relating to the proposed Articles of Amendment to the Constitution", approved February 10, 1913, to wit:

FIRST ARTICLE OF AMENDMENT.
ARTICLE 11.

Every bill which shall have passed the senate and house of representatives. shall, before it becomes a law, be presented to the governor; if he approve, he shall sign it; if not, he shall return it, with his objections in writing, to the house, in which it shall have originated; which shall proceed to reconsider it. If, upon such reconsideration, two-thirds of the members present of the house shall pass the bill, it shall, together with the objections, be sent to the other house, by which it shall, likewise, be reconsidered, and, if approved by twothirds of the members present of that house, it shall become a law.

But, in all such cases, the votes of both houses shall be taken by yeas and lays, and the names of the persons voting for or against the bill shall be ntered on the journal of each house, respectively. If any bill shall not be returned by the governor, as aforesaid, within five days, (Sundays excepted) after it shall have been presented to him, the same shall become a law, in like nanner, as if he had signed it; unless the two houses, by their adjournment. within three days after the presentment of such bill, shall prevent its return; n which case, it shall not become a law.

!

SECOND ARTICLE OF AMENDMENT.

ARTICLE 24, SECTIONS 1, 2, 4, 5 AND 6.

SECTION 1. The General Assembly shall meet biennially on the first Wednesday next after the first Monday of January, beginning in A. D. 1915. SEC. 2. The governor, Heutenant-governor, treasurer, secretary of state. inditor of accounts, senators, town representatives, assistant judges of the County courts, sheriffs, high bailiffs, state's attorneys, judges of probate and justices of the peace, shall be elected biennially, on the first Tuesday next after he first Monday of November, beginning in A. D. 1914.

SEC. 4. The term of office of senators and town representatives shall be wo years, commencing on the first Wednesday next after the first Monday of January following their election.

SEC. 5. The term of office of the assistant judges of the county court. sheriffs, high bailiffs, state's attorneys, judges of probate and justices of the peace, shall be two years, and shall commence on the first day of February ext after their election.

SEC. 6. The persons who shall be severally elected in 1912 to the offices mentioned in this article shall hold such offices until the term of their succes