A Manual of Chemistry: Containing the Principal Facts of the Science, Arranged in the Order in which They are Discussed and Illustrated in the Lectures at the Royal Institution of Great Britain, Volumen2J. Murray, 1830 |
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Términos y frases comunes
acetate added affords alcohol alkalis alloy alumina ammonia analysis antimony arsenic arsenic acid baryta Berzelius bismuth blue brown carbonate of lime carbonate of potassa carbonic acid caustic charcoal Chim chloride cobalt cold colour combined compound consists contain cooling copper crucible crystalline crystals decomposed deposited difficultly digested dilute dissolved distilled dried equivalent evaporated to dryness excess exposed ferrocyanate filtered flame formed fused gallic acid glass gold grains green ignited insoluble lead liquid liquor magnesia manganese matter mercury metal mineral mixed mixture muriatic acid nickel nitrate nitrate of silver nitric acid obtained oxalic acid oxide of iron oxygen peroxide Phil platinum portion potash powder precipitate proportional protoxide pure quantity red heat residue salt saturated separated silica soda soil solu soluble soluble in water solution specific gravity starch sublimate substance sugar sulphate sulphuric acid tartar Tartrate temperature thrown tion tube vegetable washed weight yellow zinc
Pasajes populares
Página 357 - ... to the rising plant. And when the leaves are fully developed, the ground is shaded, and any injurious influence, which in the summer might be expected from too great a heat, entirely prevented ; so that the temperature of the surface, when bare and exposed to the rays of the sun, affords at least one indication of the degrees of its fertility; and the thermometer may be sometimes a useful instrument to the purchaser or improver of lands.
Página 359 - Water, and the decomposing animal and vegetable matter existing in the soil, constitute the true nourishment of plants: and as the earthy parts of the soil are useful in retaining water, so as to supply it in the proper proportions to the roots of the vegetables...
Página 77 - ... the carding will prevent the metal from running away, and in a few minutes it will cool and take the impression, without the slightest injury to the paper from which it was taken.
Página 361 - In a moist climate where the quantity of rain that falls annually equals from 40 to 60 inches, as in Lancashire, Cornwall, and some parts of Ireland, a siliceous sandy soil is much more productive than in dry districts ; and in such situations, wheat and beans will require a less coherent and absorbent soil than in drier situations ; and plants having bulbous roots will flourish in a soil containing as much as 14 parts out of 15 of sand. Even the exhausting powers of crops will be influenced by like...
Página 187 - In order, however, to guard effectually against cavities, the barrel may be weighed after filling it, and the actual weight of its contents being thus ascertained, may be compared with that weight of platina and water which it is known by estimate that the barrel ought to contain *. A circular piece of soft paper first, and then of woollen cloth, being laid upon the surface, allow the water to pass, during partial compression by the force of the hand with a wooden plug. A circular plate of copper...
Página 350 - ... the weights of the oxides ascertained after they have been heated to redness will denote their quantities. Should any magnesia and lime have escaped solution in the muriatic acid, they will be found in the sulphuric acid ; this, however, is rarely the case ; but the process for detecting them, and ascertaining their quantities, is the same in both instances. The method of analysis by sulphuric acid is sufficiently precise for all usual experiments ; but if very great accuracy be an object, dry...
Página 351 - A given weight of it, for instance 400 grains, must be heated red for half an hour in a crucible, mixed with one-third of powdered charcoal. The mixture must be boiled for a quarter of an hour, in a half pint of water, and the fluid collected through the filtre, and exposed for some days to the atmosphere in an open vessel.
Página 348 - Carbonate of lime, in all its states, contains a determinate proportion of carbonic acid, ie nearly 43 per cent., so that when the quantity of this elastic fluid given out by any soil during the solution of its calcareous matter in an acid is known, either in weight or measure, the quantity of carbonate of lime may be easily discovered. When the process, by diminution of weight, is employed, two parts of the acid, and one part of the matter of the soil, must be weighed in two separate bottles, and...
Página 190 - ... the fire, by smearing over its surface with a moistened mixture of equal parts by measure of crystallized borax and common salt of tartar, which, when in fusion, is a ready solvent of such impurities*, and then exposing it, upon a platina tray, under an inverted pot, to the heat of a wind-furnace. The ingot on being taken out of the furnace, is immediately to be plunged into dilute sulphuric acid, which in the course of a few hours will entirely dissolve the flux adhering to the surface.
Página 353 - I found the soil taken from a field at Sheffieldplace in Sussex, remarkable for producing flourishing oaks, to consist of six parts of sand, and one part of clay and finely divided matter. And one hundred parts of 'the entire soil submitted to analysis produced parts.