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Hadden, IV. 164.

Hall, S. R., V, 373.
Hall, W., XV, 127.
Halm, V. 625.

Hemann, J. G., VI. 247.
Hancock, J., XVI, 602.
Harnisch, Wilhelm, VII, 317.
Hart, J. S., V, 91.
Harvard, John, V. 523.
Harvey, T. H., XVI. 608.
Hauberle, V, 509.
Haiy, V., III, 477.
Hawley, G, XI, 94.
Hazeltine, L., XV. 481.
Hecker, V. 695.

Hedges, Nathan, XVI, 737.
Hegius, Alexander, IV.

Henkle, XVI.

Herder, VI. 195.

723.

Higginson, John, XIII, 724.

Hillhouse, James, VI, 325.

Lawrence, Amos, XVII.
Lawrence, William, II, 33.
May, Samuel J., XVI. 141.
McDonough, John, II, 736.
McGill, James, VII, 188.
McJilton, J. N., XVII.
McKeen, Joseph, I. 655.
McMynn, XIV, 391.
Mann, Horace, V, 611.
Marks, D., V. 64.
Marvin, J. G., XVI. 626.
Mason, Lowell, IV, 141.
Mayhew, Ira, XV. 641.
Medici, Lorenzo di, VII, 445.
Melancthon, Philip, IV. 741.
Micyllus, IV, 464.

Mildmay, Sir W., IV, 164.
Mirandola, Picus di, VII, 449.
Milton, John, XIV. 159.
Morhof, XI. 436.

Morse, Augustus, XV, 608.

Holbrook, J., VIII, 229; XIV, 558. Mowry, William A., XIV, 592.

Hopkins, Mark, XI, 219

Hovey, C. E., VIII, 95.

Howe, S. G., XI, 389.
Hoole, C., XII, 647.
Hopkins, E., IV. 668.
Hoss, G. W., XVI. 775.
Hubbard, F., XV.
Hubbard, R., V. 316.
Huntington, XV, 606.

Hurty, J., XVI. 776.
Ickelsamer, XI. 402.
Ives, M. B., V. 311
John of Ravenna, VII, 435.
Johnson, Samuel, VII, 461.
Johnson, Walter R., V. 781.
Jones, R. D., XV. 481.
Kelly, Robert, I. 655: X, 313.
Kempis, Thomas à, IV, 626.
Kingsbury, John, V. 9.
Kneeland, John, XV, 526.

Krachenberger, V. 79.

Krüsi, Hermann, V. 161.

Kyrle, John, the "Man of Ross,'

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Nagali, VII, 300.

Neander, V. 599.

Niederer, VII. 289.

North, Edward, XV, 486.
North, S. J., VI. 104.
Northend, C., XV. 220.
Oberlin, XVII
Oelinger, XI, 406.
Olivier, V. 508.

Olmsted, Denison, V. 367.
Orbilius, III, 157.
Orcutt, XV. 630.
Overberg, XIII, 365.
Page, D. P., V. 811.
Parish, A., XV. 523.
Partridge, A., XIII, 49, 683.
Peabody, George, I. 328; XVII.
Peabody, S. H., XIV, 395.
Pease, Calvin, XV, 631.
Peckham, J., XVI, 743.
Peers, B. O., XVI. 147.
Peet, H. P., III, 365.
Peirce, C., IV. 275.
Pelton, J. C., XVI. 626.
Perkins, T. H., I. 551.
Pestalozzi, III, 401.
Phelps, W. F., V. 827.
Petrarch, VII, 424.
Philbrick, J. D., XIV. 32.
Philelphus, VII. 441.
Phillips, John, VI. 75.
Phillips, S., VI. 66.
Pickard, J. L., XIV. 392.
Picket, Aaron, XIV, 393.
Picket, Albert. XVII.
Picus, J, VII, 449.
Pierce, J. D., XV, 640.
Plamann, VII, 309.
Platter, Thomas, V. 79.

Plummer, Caroline, XIII, 73.
Poggius, VII, 442.
Politian, VII. 445.
Pomeroy, E. C., XV. 486.
Potter, Alonzo, XVI, 599.
Powell, W. H., XVI, 167.
Pradt, J. B., XIV. 394.
Putnam, D., XV, 646.
Radwin, Florentius, IV, 623.
Ramsauer, J., VII, 301.
Randall, S. S., XIII, 227.
Ratich, V. 229.
Ray, J., XVI. 603.
Raumer, IV. 149.
Redfield. W. C., IV. 833.
Reuchlin, V. 67.

Rice, V. M., XV, 391.
Richards, Z., XIV. 23.
Richard, C. S., XVI. 764.
Richardson, M., XV, GO5.
Rickoff, A. J., XIV. 24.
Ripley, E. L., XV. 645.
Robbins, T., III, 279.
Rousseau, V, 459.
Russell, W., III, 139.
Rytwise, J., XVI, 682.
Sams, XVI, 602.

Sanborn, E. D., XVI. 762.

Sandinus, VII.

Sapidus, V. 66.

Sarmiento, XVI, 593.
Sargano, VII, 435.

Sawyer, H. E., XVI. 763.
Scheurl, C., XI. 161.

Schmidt, VII, 297.

Seymour, D., X, 321.

Sheldon, E. A., XV. 484.
Sheldon, W. E., XV. 525.
Sherwin. T., VIII. 461.
Shottelius, XI, 429.
Sill, D. M. B, XV. 645.
Slade, W., XV, 250.
Simler, V. 66.

Smith, Sir Thomas, IV, 165.
Spicer. A. C., XIV. 392.
Standish, J. V. N., XVI, 165.
Stearns, XV, 524.

Sticler, XI, 435.

Stoddard, J. V., XV. 480.

Stone, A. P., XV. 219.

Stowe, C. E., V. 586.
Strong, E. F., XV, 607.
Sturm, IV. 167.
Swett, J., XVI. 790.
Tappan, H. P., XIII. 451.
Taylor, J. O., XV. 248.
Thayer, G. F., IV, 613,
Tenney, J., XVI, 761.
Thayer, Sylvanus, XVII.
Thomasius, J., V. 742.
Thompson, J. B., XV, 487.

Thompson, Z., I. 654.

Tillinghast, N., I. 655.

Tobler, J. G., V. 205.

Todd, Henry, IV. 711.
Trotzendorf, V. 107.

Valentine, T. W., XV, 482.

Valla, VII, 443.

Van Rensselaer, VI, 223.
Vassar, M., XI, 53.
Vehrli, III, 389.
Vetrier, XVI, 665.

Vitellius, XVI, 669.
Vittorino, VII, 436.
Von Turk, V. 155

Wadsworth, J., V, 389.
Warton, J., XVI, 511.
Wayland, F., XIII. 771.
Watkinson, D., IV, 837.
Welch, A. S., XV. 642.
Weld, T., XV. 234.
Wells, F. D., XVI.
Wells, W. H., VIII, 529.
Werner, G., IV. 799.
Wessel, IV. 714.
Weston, E. P., XVI. 784.
White, E. E., XVI, 606.
Wickersham, J. P., XVI, 282.
Wichern, III, 5.

Willard, Mrs. Emma, VI. 125.

Wimpheling, V. 65.
Wines, E. C., IX, 9.
Wolf, F. A., VI. 260.
Woodbridge, W. C., V. 51.
Woodbridge, W., XVI. 136.

Woodman, J. S., XVI. 761.

Woolworth, S. B., XV, 498.

Wotton, Sir Henry, XV, 123.
Wright, L., II, 176.

Wykeham, William of, XVI, 497.
Yale, Elihu, V. 715.

Zeller, VII, 305.

Zerbolt, Gerard, IV, 625.

Abbott, Gorham D., XVI, 600.
Alcott, W. A., IV. 629.
Allen, F. A., XV. 682.
Andrews, I. W., XVI. 605.
Appleton, Samuel, XII. 1.
Arnold, Thomas, IV, 545.
Bailey, Ebenezer, XII, 401.
Baker, W. S., XIV. 401.
Baldwin, Theron, XV. 269.
Barnard, F. A. P., V. 753.
Barnard, Henry, I. 1.
Bateman, N., XVI. 166.
Bates, S. P., XV. 1.
Bishop, N., XVII.
Blewett, B. G., XVI, 432.
Brooks, Charles, I, 587.
Brown, Nicholas, III, 291.
Bulkley, J. W., XIV, 28.
Burrowes, T. H., VI, 107.
Camp, D. N., XV, 605.
Carter, J. G., V, 407.
Coburn, C. R., XV. 679.
Colburn, D. P., XI. 289.
Colburn, Warren, II, 294.
Davies, Charles, XV, 479.
Dowse, Thomas, IX, 355.
Dwight, Edmund, IV. 1.
Dwight, Francis, V, 803.
Edwards, Richard, XVI, 167.
Emerson, G. B., V. 417.
Everett, E., VII, 325.
Farnum, Paul, III, 397.
Faville, O., XVI, 759.
Felton, C. C., X. 265.
Fisk, Wilbur, VI, 297.
Fowle, W. B., X, 597.
Gallaudet, T. H., I. 417.
Galloway, S., XVI, 601.
Garfield, James A.. XVII. 1.
Goodnow, I. T., XVI. 387.
Green, John, XIII, 606.

Greene, S. S., XIV. 609.

Gregory, J. M., XV, 643.

PORTRAITS.

Griscom, John, VIII. 325.
Hagar, D. B., XV. 517.
Hall, S. R., XV. 5.
Hart, J. S., V, 91.
Haüy, V., III, 477.
Hazeltine, L., XV. 481.
Henkle, William D., XVI, 432.
Hillhouse, James, VI, 325.
Holbrook, Josiah, VIII. 1.
Hopkins, Mark, XI, 219.
Hovey, C. E., XIII. 94.
Howe, S. G., XI. 321.
Johnson, W. R., V. 781.
Kelley, Robert, X, 313.
Kingsbury, John, V. 9.
Lawrence, Abbott, I. 137.
Lawrence, William, II, 1.
Lewis, Samuel, V. 727.
Lindsley, Philip, VII. 9.
Lord, A. D., XVI, 607.
Lyman. Theodore, X, 1.
Lyon, Mary, X, 609.
McCarty, H. D., XVI. 388.
McGill, James, VII. 188.
McJilton, J. N., XVII.
McMynn, J. G., XIV. 391.
Mann, Horace, V, 611.
Mason, Lowell, IV. 141.
Mayhew, Ira, XV, 641.
North, E., XVII.
North, S. J., VI. 104.
Northend, Charles, XVI, 510.
Olmsted, Denison, V, 367.
Orcutt, Hiram, XV. 630.
Page, D. P., V. 811.
Parish, A., XV, 523.
Partridge, Alden, XIII, 657.
Peabody, George, II, 642.
Peckham, Isaiah, XVI. 743.
Peet, H. P., III, 366.
Peirce, Cyrus, IV. 275.
Perkins, T. H., I. 551.
Pestalozzi, IV, 65.

Phelps, Mrs. A. Lincoln, XVII.
Phelps, W. F., V. 827.
Philbrick, J. D., XIV. 32.
Phillips, Samuel. VI, 66.
Pickard, J. L., XIV. 129.
Potter, Alonzo, XVI. 1.
Randall, S. S., XIII, 227.
Ray, I., XVI, 603.
Richards, Z., XIV. 23.
Rickoff, A. J., XIV. 24.
Russell, William, III. 139.
Ryerson, E., XVII.

Sarmiento, D. F., XVI, 593.
Sawyer, H. E., XVI. 763.
Scammon, Jos. T., XVII.
Sears, B., XVII.

Sheldon, E. A., XV. 484.
Sheldon, W. E., XV, 525.
Sherwin, Thomas, VIII. 461.
Silliman, Benjamin, XVII.
Standish, J. V. N., XVI, 165.
Stoddard, J. F., XV, 675.
Stone, A. P., XV, 519.
Stowe, C. E., V. 586.
Swett, John, XVI. 790.
Tappan, H. P., XIII, 449.
Thayer, Sylvanus, XVII,
Thayer, G. F., IV, 613.
Tillinghast, N., II. 568.
Van Rensselaer, Stephen, VI, 223.
Vassar, Matthew, XI. 1.
Wadsworth, James, V. 389.
Watkinson, David, XVII.
Wayland, Francis, XIII. 1
Wells, D. F., XVI. 749.
Wells, W. H., VIII. 529.
Weston, E. P., XVI. 783.
Whitford, W. C., XVII.
Wichern, J. H., III. J.
Wickersham, J. P., XV. 677
Willard, Mrs. Emma, VI, 1.
Wines, E. C., IX, 9.
Woolworth, S. B., XV, 385.

I. EDUCATION:-A NATIONAL INTEREST.

HISTORICAL DEVELOPMENT.

In the ordinance of the Congress of the Confederation in 1785, respecting "the disposing of lands in the Western territory," "section sixteen of every township" was reserved for the maintenance of public schools.

The ordinance of 1787, "for the government of the Territory northwest of the river Ohio," confirmed the ordinance of 1785, and declared "that religion, morality and knowledge being necessary to good government and the happiness of mankind, schools and the means of education shall be forever encouraged."

The Constitution of the United States, after setting forth in the Preamble in words of sublime import the national objects for which the people of the United States had ordained this fundamental law, expressly grants to Congress the power "to dispose" of the public lands and other property-"to exercise exclusive jurisdiction" over the district to be ceded as the seat of government-and "to lay and collect taxes, &c., to provide for the common defense and general welfare."

In the Convention of 1787, which framed the Constitution, Mr. Charles Pinckney, of South Carolina, on the 29th of May and the 18th of August, and subsequently Mr. Madison, of Virginia, submitted propositions "to provide for the establishment of a National University at the seat of government," "for the advancement of useful knowledge," "and the promotion of agriculture, commerce, trades and manufactures." On the 14th of September, both of these delegates moved to insert in the list of powers vested in Congress, "to establish a university in which no preference or distinction should be allowed on account of religion." This motion was opposed by Gouverneur Morris, of New York, and was lost, as reported by Mr. Madison, expressly on the ground that the power to establish such a university was included in the grant of exclusive legislation over the district in which the government should be located. And as we learn from other sources, and from

the subsequent recommendations by President Washington, the power to encourage agriculture, trade, manufactures, and education, was understood by him, and other statesmen, to be included in the first clause of the enumerated powers of Congress "to lay taxes and to provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States."

GEORGE WASHINGTON.

Fresh from the discussions of the Convention which framed the Constitution, of which he was the presiding officer, and called by the unanimous voice of his countrymen to inaugurate, as its chief executive, the national government, George Washington, in his first formal recommendation of special measures to both Houses of Congress, on the 8th of January, 1790, after commending further legislation for an efficient and uniform plan of military organization, as well as of a national judiciary, calls attention to the necessity of "uniformity in the currency, weights and measures;" "the advancement of agriculture, commerce, and manufactures," "the effectual encouragement, as well as to the introduction of new and useful inventions from abroad, as to the exertions of skill and genius in producing them at home;" "facilitating the intercourse between the distant parts of our country by a due attention to the post-office, and post-roads"-did not hesitate to add:—

Nor am I less persuaded, that you will agree with me in opinion, that there is nothing which can better deserve your patronage than the promotion of science and literature. Knowledge is in every country the surest basis of public happiness. In one, in which the measures of government receive their impression so immediately from the sense of the community, as in ours, it is proportionably essential. To the security of a free constitution it contributes in various ways: by convincing those who are intrusted with the public administration, that every valuable end of government is best answered by the enlightened confidence of the people; and by teaching the people themselves to know and to value their own rights; to discern and provide against invasions of them; to distinguish between oppression and the necessary exercise of lawful authority, between burdens proceeding from a disregard to their convenience and those resulting from the inevitable exigencies of society; to discriminate the spirit of liberty from that of licentiousness, cherishing the first, avoiding the last, and uniting a speedy but temperate vigilance against encroachments, with an inviolable respect for the laws.

Whether this desirable object will be the best promoted by affording aid to seminaries of learning already established, by the institution of a national university, or by any other expedients, will be well worthy of a place in the deliberations of the legislature.

In his speech to both Houses of Congress, December 7th, 1796, after referring to the measures adopted for the encouragement of manufactures, and urging immediate attention to agriculture as a matter of individual and national welfare-and especially of constituting a board (or as has since been done, by a National Depart

ment) "charged with collecting and diffusing information, and enabled by premiums and small pecuniary aids to encourage, and assist a spirit of discovery and improvement. This species of establishment contributes doubly to the increase of improvement, by stimulating to enterprise and experiment, and by drawing to a common center the results everywhere of individual skill and observation, and spreading them thence over the whole nation"-he again returns to the expediency of establishing a national university, and also a military academy; and proceeds:―

The assembly to which I address myself, is too enlightened not to be fully sensible how much a flourishing state of the arts and sciences contributes to national prosperity and reputation. True it is, that our country contains many seminaries of learning highly respectable and useful; but the funds upon which they rest are too narrow to command the ablest professors, in the different departments of liberal knowledge for the institution contemplated, though they would be excellent auxiliaries.

Amongst the motives to such an institution, the assimilation of the principles, opinions and manners of our countrymen, by the common education of a portion of our youth from every quarter, well deserves attention. The more homogeneous our citizens can be made in these particulars, the greater will be our prospect of permanent union; and a primary object of such a national institution should be, the education of our youth in the science of government. In a republic, what species of knowledge can be equally important, and what duty more pressing in its legislation, than to patronize a plan of communicating it to those who are to be the future guardians of the liberties of the country.

In a letter addressed to Alexander Hamilton, from Philadelphia, September 1st, 1796, referring to the topics which he wished to introduce in his Farewell Address, a draft of which he had enclosed in a former letter, Washington regrets "that another subject (which in my estimation is of interesting concern to the well-being of this country) was not touched upon also ;”

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I mean education generally, as one of the surest means of enlightening and giving just ways of thinking to our citizens, but particularly the establishment of a university; where the youth from all parts of the United States might receive the polish of erudition in the arts, sciences, and belles-lettres; and where those who were disposed to run a political course might not only be instructed in the theory and principles, but (this seminary being at the seat of the general government, where the legislature would be in session half the year, and the interests and politics of the nation of course would be discussed,) they would lay the surest foundation for the practical part also.

But that which would render it of the highest importance, in my opinion, is, that at the juvenile period of life, when friendships are formed, and habits established, that will stick by one, the youth, or young men from different parts of the United States would be assembled together, and would by degrees discover that there was not that cause for those jealousies and prejudices which one part of the Union had imbibed against another part:-of course sentiments of more liberality in the general policy of the country would result from it. What but mixing of people from different parts of the United States during the war rubbed off those impressions? A century, in the ordinary intercourse, would not have accomplished what the seven years' association in arms did; but that ceasing, prejudices are beginning to revive again, and never will be eradicated so effectually by any other means as the intimate intercourse of characters in early life,-who in all probability will be at the head of the counsels of this country in a more advanced stage of it.

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