crease of national intercourse, commerce and streets of our cities from putrefying masses of can'st not complain, when to the disease, wir happiness. He administers to our health and to animal and vegetable matters. At his death, he which thou art afflicted, excruciating torment our pleasures under the saddle, and in harness. bequeaths us his flesh for food, his hair for brushes, are superadded by the ignorant efforts of suc He keeps up society and friendship in neighbour- and his fat for medical and culinary purposes. men, who at first sight, and without any invest. hoods too scattered in its population to admit of The immense and profitable disproportion be- gation to lead them to the source of thy disor visits upon foot. In vain would country churches tween the labour of the ass and the mule, and the der, pronounce a hackneyed common place opis and courts be opened without the strength of this expense of their food, render their health of great ion on thy case, and then proceed, with all exnoble animal ; nor could the great system of re-importance in those countries where wheel car-pedition to open thy veins, lacerate thy fles. presentative government be supported in an agri-riages cannot be employed to convey the products cauterize thy sinews, and drench thy stomach cultural country unless he conveyed the elector of the earth to a public market. with drugs adverse in general to the cure they

to the place of suffrage. In maintaining the free- The goat by its contributions of the delicate engage to perform."* dom and independence of nations, the horse bears flesh of its young, and of its medicinal milk to 5th. It is our duty and interest to attend in a more a distinguished part. When caparisoned with our use, is entitled to a share of medical atten- especial manner to the health of those domestic anithe furniture of war, he feels with his rider, the tion. mals which constitute a part of our aliment, in orcourage and pride of arms. In the race, he de- The courage and fidelity of the dog in defend-der to prevent our contracting diseases by eating lights us with his swiftness, in which he exceeds ing our persons and property from the midnight them. Certain vegetables upon which they feed all other four footed animals. Nor let us forget assassin and robber, and the usefulness of the cat by accident, or from necessity, impart to the his sagacity in discovering roads, and choosing the in destroying or chasing from our houses the mis-milk and flesh of some of them an unwholesome safest parts of them, when inattention or dark-chievous animals that infest our cellars and clo-quality. Great labour sometimes has the same ness, has rendered his rider, or driver, unable to sets, entitle each of them to an inquiry into the effect. A farmer in New-Hampshire, who had discover them. In the physician's midnight ex-causes and cures of their diseases. overworked a fat ox a few years ago in the time cursions to visit the sick, how often has his horse It remains only to mention the claims of poul-of harvest, killed him and sent his flesh to market. conducted him in safety, (and sometimes overcome try of all kinds, to a physician's care. They Of four and twenty persons who ate of it, fourby sleep) through interceptible paths, and across adorn our yards and fruit trees with their plu- teen died, and chiefly of diseases of the stomach deep and rapid currents of water to the door of mage. They inform us by their crowing, and and bowels. Putrid exhalations produce obstruchis patient, and again, back to his own home.-other noises, of the approach of day. A part of tions and ulcers in the livers of cattle, sheep and Still further, how often has the convivialist who them furnish us with eggs for aliment, with quills hogs, which render them unfit for aliment. They has sat too long over his evening bowl, owed his for writing, and with feathers for our beds; and are moreover always unhealthy during the season life or his limbs to the good temper of this faith-all of them in a gaeater or less number at a time, in which they propagate their species; hence the ful animal, who in spite of a contrary direction of generally constitute after death a portion of our wisdom of that church which substitutes fish for his bridle, has carried him with unbroken bones banquets, where a display is intended of hospitali- flesh during a part of the spring months. Even to the arms of his servants, to be conveyed by them ty or elegance. the heats in summer, in middle climates, lessen to his bed, in order to dose away the remains of In addition to what has been said in favour of the wholesome quality of flesh,-hence the prohis intoxication. domestic animals in their individual capacities. Iriety of living chiefly upon vegetables with a To the horned cattle we are indebted for shall only remark that collectively, they lessen small portion of salted meat during the summer many of the blessings and comforts of life. The the solitude and silence of a country re. They and autumnal seasons. strength and patience of the ox in the plough and please us with their gambole when young, and 6th. We are further called upon to study the team, have added to the wealth of the farmer in delight us, by their look and gestures in mature causes, seats, and remedies of the diseases of doevery age and country. The cow has still great-life, every time they receive food or shelter from mestic animals, by the duties which we owe to er demands upon our gratitude. Her milk, in its our hands. They furnish the means of encreas-our country and to humanity. The products of simple state, furnishes subsistence to a great part ing and perpetuating the fertility of our lands, agriculture and commerce are often lessened by of mankind. Its products in cream, butter and and finally they gratify us with a sense of our a fatal epidemic, brought on by diseases which cheese, form the most agreeable parts of the sovereignty over their labour and their lives; and blast the character of animal provisions; and A thus furnish us with a small portion of that plea-many poor families have been left to suffer all ment, and even of the luxuries of our tole. pustule upon her udder supplies a matter which, sure which the father of the human race enjoyed, the evils of penury and famine, by the death of a when introduced into the body, defends it for ever when he received from his Creator the com- single horse, upon whose labour, of a cow, upon from the small-pox, and without substituting in mission of his extensive dominion over all the whose milk, or a hog upon whose flesh, they had its room, a painful or loathsome vicarious disease. creatures that live and move upon our globe. relied exclusively for subsistence, all of whom Millions in every part of the globe unite with us A third reason why we are bound to study the perhaps perished by diseases that might have in expressions of gratitude to heaven for this im-causes and cure of the diseases of domestic ani- been cured.

portant contribution to the happiness of the hu-mals, is because nature is wholly passive in such 7th. By extending our knowledge of the causes man race. But our obligations to this benefactor of them as are violent, or does harm in their ef- and cure of the diseases of domestic animals, we of mankind, and to her whole species do not cease forts to remove them. This is evident in a more may add greatly to the certainty and usefulness with their lives. Their flesh affords us the most especial manner in the epidemics which some-of the profession of medicine as far as it relates agreeable aliment after death. Their tallow and times prevail among them. The horses, cattle to the human species. The organization of their the oil which is interposed between their joints, and sheep, of large neighbourhoods, and extensive bodies, the principle of animal life, and the supply the absence of the sun in candles and lamps, districts are often swept away by those general manner in which the remote and proximate causwhereby labour and study are profitably extend-diseases where no aid is afforded from medicine. es of diseases produce their morbid effects, are

es.

ed during a part of the night. Their hair affords 4th. By studying the diseases of our domestic the same as in the human body, and most of media necessary ingredient in the plaster of our hous-animals we may rescue them from the hands of cines produce in them, and us, nearly a similar Their skins protect our feet and legs in the quacks, who add to the mischievous and unsuc-operation. Their acute diseases are the same as form of shoes and boots from the injuries of the cessful efforts of nature, the evils of absurd, pain- ours. They are subject to epidemics from an imweather. They furnish likewise coverings for ful, and destructive remedies. Under this head pure atmosphere as well as from contagions. Feour books and pleasure carriages, and saddles for I shall introduce a passage from the words of Mr. vers, catarrhs-hamorrhages-dysentery--drop, our horses. Their horns supply us with combs, Vial, which exhibits those evils in the most ex--scrophula-vertigo-madness-worms, ned and even their bones are converted when fresh, in pressive and affecting language. Speaking of the hydrophobia and apoplexy, affect horsesaatism, to aliment, and when dry, into a salt of extensive veterinary science, he says, "At this moment all cattle, sheep, hogs and dogs. The,ws are subuse in medicine and in a variety of the arts. appears obscured or bewildered by the ill placed angina and tetan affect horses,eer observed in Sheep occupy the next rank in the list of do-confidence of the owners of cattle upon the black-ject to diabete Cancers hom mestic animals in their claims upon our science. smith of the parish, upon illiterate and conceited dogs. Ca Suffer and from a disease which They afford us by their wool a covering from the grooms, stupid and listless shepherds, or upon a appear to be a form of bilious fever. Cutaneous inclemency of winter during every year of their set of men infinitely more dangerous than all the eruptions and sores are common to them all. In lives, and by their deaths they supply us with a rest. Who arrogating to themselves the style of short, when we except the diseases which are the delicious aliment in the form of lamb and mut- doctors, ride about from town to town, distributing effects of certain trades and professions, of intemtheir nostrums, compounded of the refuse andva-perance, of the operations of the mind, and of a The hog is said, like the miser, to do good on-pid scraps of druggists' shops, to the destruction peculiar function in the female body, there is ly when he dies. But this is so far from being of thousands, whose varied disorders they treat scarcely a form of diseases mentioned in our systrue that he is dishonoured by the comparison.-alike, neither consulting nature, or art, for the He fattens upon the offals of our kitchens, and cause or effect.

ton.

* General Observations on the Veterinary Me

performs the office of a scavenger, in cleaning the "Miserable animal! bereft of speech, thouldicine, p. 16, 17.

of nosology, but what is to be met with infest degree of morbid excitement. Many other names have been mentioned, is calculated in no but what is to be estic animals. instances of the light which the anatomy, physio- one instance to do any harm, but on the conencourage us to extend to them the be-logy, and remedies for the diseases of domestic trary, much good, by increasing our obligations s of medicine, let us attend to the light and animals have shed upon medicine, shall be men- to treat our domestic subjects with tenderness wledge which several branches of our science tioned from this chair in our lectures upon the in- and care. If the opinion be erroneous, let the already derived from them. During those stitutes and practice of physic. justice and mercy of the SUPREME BEING, in in which it was deemed criminal to dissect a 8th. We are bound to study the means of pre- his conduct to his brute creation, remain uniman body, the bodies of domestic animals af-serving the health of domestic animals, by all peached. The divine government in this world, ed the only sources of instruction in anatomy those precepts in the Old and New Test ment, may be compared to the dreary prospect of an physiology, and even since those ages of ig- which recommends kindness to them, and protec- extensive and highly cultivated country, on a nce and prejudice have passed away, many tion from outrage and oppression. A portion of winter's day. The last revolution of our globe, ortant discoveries have been derived from the the humane spirit of those precepts, has per- will clothe this prospect with all the beauties e sources by accident or design. vaded all countries, and descended in a particular of the vernal and all the products of the autumThe discovery of the salivary glands in an ox, manner to the nations of the east. One of the nal months. It will then appear that the apDr. Wharton; of the fallopian tubes in an ewe, tales of a philosopher of India, has recorded this parent discord in the being and end of all intelliRufus; of the thoracic duct in a horse, by fact in a striking manner. A traveller who was gent and animated creatures, was tachius; of the lacteals in a kid, by Erasistra- permitted to visit the place of torment for wicked and of the pancrease in a turkey, by Dr. Mau- men, saw there every part of the body of a man "Harmony not understood;" Hoffman, led to the discovery of the same of high rank in flames, except one of his feet. And that all their sufferings were a necessary ts in the human body; and it is well known Upon asking the reason why that part of his body part of "universal good." at the circulation of the blood, and the peristal- alone was exempted from the rage of the fire, he But if the claims of domestic animals be so motion of the bowels in man, were first sug- was told, that the only kind action that man had numerous and the advantages of attending to sted by experiments and observations upon performed during his whole life, was to liberate their health be so great, and above all, if their ose functions in some of the above named ani- a lamb which had been entangled by one of its high destiny hereafter be in the least degree feet, by means of a briar in crossing a field, and probable, it may be asked, why do we doom Many useful hints have been taken from the that as a reward for that act, his foot was ex-them with so much cruelty to premature death, stincts of domestic animals. They generally empted from punishment. and afterwards feed upon their flesh? I answer,

ire to places of silence and darkness, and dis- I proceed in the ninth and last place, to men- that by destroying them we prevent their perver an unwillingness to move, and to eat, when tion a reason for making the health of domestic ishing by hunger, for in the present state of culdisposed, and thereby teach us the advantages animals the subject of our studies and care, tivation of our earth, there would not be subsisretirement, rest and abstinence in the begin- which I should hesitate in delivering, had it not tence for them and their offspring for more than ng of acute diseases. been sanctioned by the name of a man whose a few years, by which means their species would The approach of epidemics is often known by discoveries in physiological, metaphysical, and soon be extinct. By thus multiplying their y e sickness of certain domestic animals, or by theological science, mark an ara in the achievers, we multiply life, sensatione pains of a eir deserting our habitations. ments of the human mind: I mean the great and ment. We, moreove Many useful remedies for the cure of the dis- good,-I had almost said the inspired Dr. Hart- gradual death from sickness and the miscric ases of the human body, have been discovered ly ;- And that is, their probable relation to of a helpless old age. To destroy them by the y observing their salutary effects upon domestic us in a resurrection after death, and an exis- knife, therefore, and to use them as a hellebore was introduced into tence in a food, is so far from being cruel that it is ractice as a purge, in consequence of its purging sage from the Doctor's works upon this subject. an act of kindness and benevolence to them. qualities having been observed in the goat. The After expressing a doubt concerning the re- To the proposal for studying the diseases of dose of the seton in certain diseases of the human demption of the brute creation, he adds, "How-mestic animals, it may be objected that their body, was first suggested by its efficacy in the dis- ever, their fall with Adam, the covenant made want of speech will forever prevent their imrases of cattle. The benefits of frictions in glan- with them after the deluge, their serving for parting to us an account of the seats and sympular diseases are pointed out by the improve- sacrifices for the sins of men, and as types and toms of their diseases. This objection, I am ent in the quality of the milk, and the increase emblems in the prophecies, and their being com- aware, will be urged by those physicians who tits quantity, which are obtained by currying manded to praise God, seem to intimate that believe that every disease has a specific proxthere is mercy in store for them, more tho we imate cause, and requires an appropriate reme

the cow.

The benefits of fasting in fevers are strongly urged may expect, to be revealed in due time."t dy; but students of medicine, who believe that y the slow putrefaction of the flesh of domestic In favor of these remarks of Dr. Hartly, it all diseases have one proximate cause, will find nimals, which are deprived of food several days may be said, that as moral evil and death ac- no difficulty in discovering their existence and before they are killed. companied each other in the human race, they force in dumb animals.-The full or frequent

The benefits of wakefulness, and a standing pos- are probably connected in the brute creation.- pulse, the loss of appetite, the dejected head, ure in curing madness, are suggested by the prac- That they possess nearly all of our vices and and the languid and watery eye, are certain tice of some of the farmers in England, who tame virtues; that the perfection of the divine govern- marks in all brute animals of one of the most the most intractable and vicious horses, by con- ment required that their vices should be pun- frequent diseases with which they are affected, ning ther in a pound, and keeping them awake ished and their virtues rewarded; that repara- that is fever. The watery eye, an inability to and upon their feet, by pricking them with a sharp tion should be made to them for their accumula- bark, or barking with a stertorous hoarseness, ail, for three or four days, whenever they show a ted sufferings in this world; and that the divine indicates the approach of madness in the dog. isposition to sleep or to lie down. bounty discovered in the gift of their pleasures The elevation of the hair on the back of a cat, The cure of madness in a dog, by means of a pro- would be rendered abortive, unless they were and its not falling upon its feet when thrown fuse hemorrhage which followed the cutting off his placed in a situation to make returns for them, from a moderate height, are the premonitory ail, suggests the propriety of copious blood-let-in praise and gratitude in a future state of ex- signs of that disease which has lately been so ing in the hydrophobia. Perhaps a remedy uni-istence. fatal to that species of animals in Europe and

ormly certain in that awful disease, may be re- It is alike foreign to my inclinations, and to America. The tail of a horse losing its regularerved to reward the successful application of in-the design of this lecture, to enter further into ity of motion from side to side, indicates that he fustry and humanity, to its cure, in the affection-this question. To such of you as wish to see all is indisposed, and the part in which his disease ite centinels of our houses and our lives. the arguments that are urged in its favour, from is seated is pointed out by one of his ears incliThe safety of blood-letting in old people, is de-reason and revelation, I beg leave to recommend ning backwards to the side affected. In acute ucible from the appearances of inflammation the perusal of an essay in the works of Dr. Hil- pains, particularly from the colic, he bites his hich are discovered in the bodies of old animals drop, a learned and pious clergyman of the manger. The seat of diseases in the abdomen at die of acute diseases. The famous race church of England, entitled "Free thoughts where the signs are absent, may be known by orse Eclipse, so long known and celebrated at upon the brute creation." In whatever way the pressing the hand upon the whole belly of the ew-Market in England, died in the 26th year of controversy may be decided, I shall only add, animal. It will discover marks of pain, when age of a colic, after two days sickness. Upon that a belief in the opinion suggested by the the diseased part is pressed. Diseases of the ssecting his body, not only the whole alimenta- physician, and defended by the divine, whose head, lungs, kidneys, limbs and skin, are as easily known as the same diseases are in the canal, omentum and mesentery, exhibited * Vial's elements on the Veterinary art, p. 9, 10, same parts of the human body.

is

arks of violent inflammation, but the stomach,
rer, spleen, lungs, blood vessels and glands, all 11.
scovered the same and other effects of the high-† History of Man, Vol. ii. p. 486.

There are indeed circumstances, which favor our acquiring a more accurate knowledge of the

diseases of dumb animals than of those of our] While I lament the want of a veterinary in-Yarmouth to Liverpool, nor what extent of te own species. From the causes formerly men- stitution in our country, I am happy in an op-ritory lies between Falmouth and the Orkneys.tioned, the number of their diseases is more li-portunity of mentioning that the diseases of do- London is to them all the world, and the Stock mited, and their symptoms are more obvious, mestic animals have not escaped the notice of Exchange contains every thing of worth and vafor they are not multiplied, nor complicated by the agricultural society of Philadelphia. They lue that is in it. Imagination roots up reality, and intemperance in eating or drinking, nor are they have recommended the study of them in strong the bubbles of the brain are held to be more solid under the influence of passions which suspend terms, in their late address to the physicians than rocks, and more durable than pastures and or alter them, and in some instances, to prevent and citizens of the United States; and it would fields. The unhappy possessors of these have their evolutions. be an act of injustice not to acknowledge, that nothing; own nothing-or their possessions are

The seats of their diseases, moreover, are it was in consequence of the excellent remarks set at nought, and valued at nothing: their rights, more perfectly known from the greater facility contained in the part of the address to which I nothing; their sufferings, nothing; their families. of dissecting and examining their bodies after have alluded, being impressed upon me with prospects, conditions in life, nothing at all; ncdeath. Again there are circumstances which peculiar force by the enlightened and patriotic thing to the nation: let them suffer, go, flee, starve favour the operation of medicine upon them, of president of that society, that I was led to se--there are fundholders enough to cover the which we are deprived in our fellow creatures. lect the interesting subject of our lecture for the whole surface of the kingdom. The famine that These are, no prejudices against the names or present occasion. wastes Ireland; the sword which exterminates

taste of medicine,-a rare rejection of them af- But in vain will be the efforts of public bo- the Greeks; and the measures which destroy the ter they have been received into the stomach, dies, and private individuals to disseminate ve-agricultural property of this kingdom, appear to and the absence of all fear and solicitude, about terinary knowledge in our country without a us to be part and parcel of the same politics; of the issue of their diseases. provision for regular and oral instruction upon it. the same unbending contempt of public opinion. I have then, gentlemen, laid before you, a From the public spirit of the trustees of our and of the wise and repeated admonitions of probrief detail of the obligations we owe to our University, and particularly from their dispo-gressive experience. If this be not so, why are domestic animals, and the reciprocal advantages sition to promote every branch of science con- the cultiva ors of the soil converted to paupers! to be derived from extending to them the be- nected with medicine, there is reason to believe, Struggling between life and death, steeped nefits of the science of medicine. In performing that it is only necessary to lay before them the poverty to the very lips," some have put unhappy this task, I have endeavoured to become the or- advantages of a veterinary chair, in order to in- ends to their own lives; many have died of broken gan of speech for the dumb and a suppliant for sure its establishment. hearts; many have run away from their credi

selves.

b the sman

creatures that are unable to plead for them- Should the subject of the diseases of domes-tors; many have sold up what they had, while tic animals, be connected with instruction upon they could yet escape with something; and many Permit me to recommend the subject to your the principles of agriculture, and implements of thousands have been sold up to the last stick they attention in your future studies. From the know-husbandry, so as to constitute what is called in owned, and turned naked on the world. Whateledge you will acquire of the anatomy of the hu- some European universities, "œconomics," or a ver may be said of landlords, as to their share in man body in this university, of the laws which system of rural economy, it would form a still producing these effects, it is altogether the re-aceconomy, you will easily comprehend more useful branch of education, not only for tion of a most desperate money system, against from both, which take physicians, but for private gentlemen. I have which it was the indispensable duty of Ministers place in the bodies and functions of inferior ani- lived to see the medical school of Philadelphia (to provide, so as equally to respect the uti possimals. By acquiring this kind of knowledge, you emerge from small beginnings, and gradually ad- detis in all interests; without which it is impossi w add to the resources of medicine as far as it vance to its present flourishing condition, but ble for any thing that is done, to be permanently relates to the human body, and by disseminating I am not yet satisfied with its prosperity and prosperous. By pursuing the contrary course, we it gratuitously your neighbourhood, you will fame, nor shall I be so, until I see the veteri- have a taxation utterly incompatible with the cirbecome the benefactors of your country. nary science taught in our University. culation of money, and the value of things: not For a while, your knowledge in this branch of One of the patriots and heroes of the Ameri- to repeat the ruin of landed property, we have science, must be acquired by reading, observa- can revolation, who died suddenly a few years luxuriant fields of corn which bring tears into the tion and experiments; for as yet no societies or ago, in his barn yard, said with his last breath eyes of the cultivators :-the bounties of Heaven schools have been established for cultivating, or to his servant who stood by him, "take care of converted into plagues, and abundance in a source teaching it in the United States. the creatures." Nearly in the same words which of alarm and horror. The blessings of God Al

Selections from late numbers of the London Far-
mer's Journal, received at the office of the

American Farmer.

curse upon the country, which prevents our en joying the fruits of our labour.

In all other countries, it has accompanied the dictated this kind direction, I shall conclude mighty, we see, are not withheld, neither are the advanced stages of civilization. In Greece and this lecture. TAKE CARE OF THE HEALTH OF industry and toil of man wanting; but there is a Rome, the necessity of offering such animals DOMESTIC ANIMALS. only in sacrifice, as were perfectly sound, added to the motives for taking care of their health. The Arabians cultivated veterinary medicine Farewell to Holkham-its lovely fields-its with nearly the same zeal that they did the mebeauteous flocks-its golden harvests-and its dicine of the human body. In France and Gerhappy faces! Three days last week, thrice five many the health of domestic animals, has for We should address our readers at this time, if leader and patron,-the hospitable owner of that hundred yeomen should have followed their great many years been a part of the studies of regular appropriately, with a melancholy epistle :-last fine domain, where so many meetings have asbred physicians. In St. Domingo, a society call-week was the usual Anniversary of the HOLKHAM sembled, to view the luxuriant crops raised by ed the "Philadelphians," was established ma- Festivities How striking and awful is the contrast superior tillage-the improved implements and ny years ago, consisting chiefly of physicians, in rural affairs, between that prosperity which ac- their application-and finally, all the successful whose principal business was to investigate and companied the progress of this and such like insti- results of wise and liberal experiments, and of cure, what they called epizootic diseases, that tutions, and the gloom of poverty and distress which consummate skill and management. We may is the diseases of domestic animals. They fa- now pervades the country! We may truly say, justly and truly lament the want that we feel, in voured the world with one valuable publica- unless it be the fixed determination of our Rulers the exhiliration of that delightful occasion, and in tion upon them, before the civil war in that to destroy and overturn the whole landed proper- the Report to which we endeavoured to give some island put an end both to their labours and their ty of the empire, that there needs no other evi- thing of a graphic expression, to convey the dence of its decay and want of support, than the scene, with its merits to all British farmers, to

name.

A veterinary school has been lately establish- simultaneous surcease of all the Societies and foreign climes, and to future ages. We have noed in London, under the patronage of some Meetings which were at once the ornaments and thing now to offer but vacancy. Dull and spiritof the most respectable noblemen, private gen-, schools of rural life. tlemen, and physicians in the British nation. Al- As the measures of our Rulers turn all our the hope of a subject which might elevate the less as the gloomy times, we have not once a-year ready it has diffused a great deal of knowledge hopes and exertions to disappointment and pover-fancy, or divert the thoughts of men from the through Great Britain, particularly of the dis-ty, so it is natural that our remarks, instead of distress that surround them.—Farewell—a long eases of the horse. Of this knowledge, a con- unavailing lamentations, should turn to gall and farewell to Holkham! Royal and Noble Guests, siderable portion has fallen to the share of the bitterness of heart. The Ministers know nothing farewell!-Here was an assemblage to meliorate farmers and farriers, much to the advantage of of the country: they cannot tell how far it is from humanity; condescension and affability graced the titled ranks; and the free mixture of opinion year, with a dwelling house for the professor, spread beneficially among all. Farewell to these

that noble animal!*

* The Dublin_society of arts have lately es-(Dr. Peel,) valued at sixty-six pounds ster-delightful scenes, for the sun has set which lighttablished a professorship of the veterinary art, ling a year. Carr's Stranger in Ireland. p. 29. ed them up; the prosperity of agriculture is and endowed it with a salary of fifty pounds a Richard Peters, Esq. fallen, and its interests are trampled on and des

pised. May He whose high behests are thwarted Of
for a time by the ignorance and folly of man, bless
the wise and liberal patron of the scenes we have
witnessed! Blessed is he in the good he has done Few nobles live in our degenerate days.
to mankind; blessed is he in the love and grati-
tude of British cultivators; thrice blessed in the
admiration of the liberal and enlightened of all na-
tions, and in that his name and character shall de-

scend thro' future generations to all posterity, as Who now to heaven such gratitude displays?
one of the greatest benefactors of the human race. Great COKE-and nobly he the pious tribute pays.

Daily ascend, whose hands thy fields employ, The following poem, descriptive of the busi- And mix with all the blessings they enjoy: ness and festivities of the Holkham Meeting, was (Sweet is the bread of virtuous industry). written by the Editor, and very partially circulat- Blessing and blessed is he whose talents claim, ed in 1820. It is now given to our readers and the At once the landlord's and the patriot's fame: public, not as a splendid poem, but as a faithful Whose bounty, boundless as the swelling sea, record and description; and as a meed of honest Gives to the admiring world his annual jubilee. though inadequate praise of a character and an institution alike unrivalled, and deserving of all Her morning song the sky-lark has begun, possible celebrity from much higher efforts of the Muses.

To see the wonders rumour celebrates,
And hear the truth recorded by his tongue :

But never Fame her brazen trumpet blew,
To pour a praise so pure, a note so true;
And never did benevolence among
Mankind establish facts more useful, or more
strong.

Where all her brightest forms combined we Proceed, great master of the rural art!

I herewith forward to you some patterns of wool, dyed with this woad, and regret I had not preserved some coloured with woad only, by In fortune great-but greater still in mind.-which artists acquainted with the subject, would Happy-unmov'd by envy's poison'd dart ;- know its superior qualities. I have always obThy worthy compeers round-a noble band-served in England, that our woad plant produAttest their love with voice and willing hand, ces more in quantity and better in quality, in a

AMERICAN FARMER.

warm season; and I attribute its great perfec-of the accuracy of his remarks. Hopson will who think such studies unworthy of men who tion here to the same cause. Your manufacturers of woollens cannot fully ness is questioned. be able to speak for himself, where his correct- would be thought scientific. That illustrious succeed until they become well acquainted with this useful plant, as no good blue, black, green, panying the letter, may be seen at this office, cultural exercises and competitions should be The beautiful specimens of colouring, accom-than thirty years since, recommended that agriand revered Philosopher and Philanthropist, more or purple colour can be produced without it where the name and address of the gentleman made a part of scholastic amusements; and we All other modes are imperfect, expensive, and who forwarded them may be obtained. mischievous. Having made this country my home, I shall take pleasure in communicating rejoice to learn that those who may be justly this knowledge, to any one that may need denominated the wise men of Virginia, (the noit, for a moderate compensation. Written direcPHILADELPHIA COUNTY MEETING. tions may be given for growing and preparing at Whittal's Tavern, on the 19th of September, in their plan a Pattern farm, where every opeblest of titles) have it in contemplation to esAt a meeting of farmers held in Germantown, University near Charlottesville; comprehending tablish a Professorship of Agriculture at their woad, without any chance of error; but to use STEPHEN DUNCAN having been called to the chair, ration of Husbandry and Horticulture will be it properly, requires considerable attention and and J. B. SIMS appointed secretary. good instructions. I suppose it be produced for three or four of the farmers of this and the adjacent counties ted-such a scheme is worthy of men who have It was unanimously declared that the interests and effects philosophically explained and illustraexhibited upon scientific principles, and causes cents per pound-perhaps for something less would be essentially promoted by the establish- honoured, while they enjoyed the highest hoI have sold some of mine at Baltimore this sea- ment of an efficient agricultural society, and ac-nours of their country-should it recive from son for 12 cents, by which you will per-cordingly it was ceive there is great profit in its cultivation. In my opinion no substitute for woad will be found can, Aaron Clement, John Tomlinson, Albanus C. to predict with confidence, that the young men of Resolved, That Manuel Eyre, Stephen Dun-led state, the countenance it deserves, we venture the agricultural community of that enlightenworthy of attention, although it seems friend Hopson thinks he has discovered one, Blight, and John Hare Powel, be constituted a to an honourable and an elegant science. That your Logan, Joseph B. Sims, Reuben Haines, George Virginia will turn to the study of agriculture as which will answer the purposes both of woad committee, with full powers to carry into effect Physic and the Law will no longer be characand indigo. Your correspondent will confer a the intention of this meeting; to co-operate with terised as the only learned professions, and their favour on me, by giving a description of the wild such committees as shall have been appointed by votaries will cease, like swarms of locusts, to indigo plant, as he terms it. I will investigate Montgomery, Bucks, Chester or Delaware coun- cumber the earth, as they were threatening its properties, and communicate the result to ty, and to meet on Saturday, the 19th of October, to do.

him.

may

at the sign of the Buck near the 8th mile stone,

Your correspondent who has written on the on the Lancaster turnpike, in order to organize the rich and hospitable English Commoner, has scarlet dye appears to be acquainted with only the association of practical farmers for the ad- discontinued his Annual Agricultural Festivals, a part of the theory of that art, as two essen-vancement of agriculture and rural economy. It will be seen in this paper that Mr. Coke tial ingredients are not mentioned, one of which

STEPHEN DUNCAN, Chairman.

THE FARMER.

BALTIMORE, FRIDAY, OCTOBER 25, 1822.

I have seen since my arrival in this country. JOSEPH B. SIMS, Secretary. Your friend is also in an error in supposing he where for so many years he had entertained can render colour more brilliant by using steam. many hundred of the most distinguished friends I have made use of steam in dying for nearly of Agriculture and Practical Farmers of Engthirty years, and am well acquainted with its land and of Europe-considering his boundadvantages and disadvantages. less hospitality, this may be regarded as a and expeditious mode; but it cannot be used for MEDICAL UNIVERSITY-DOCTOR RUSH his friends in America, he says, he has been It is a cheap strong evidence of the great depression of fine colours, such as Saxon blue, green, pink, the farming interests in that country; and crimson, scarlet, orange, yellow, and all other in truth, we learn that in a letter to one of -THE UNIVERSITY OF VIRGINIA. delicate colours, but at the expense of their ryland University, far from being unsuited, as to be better able, than any others in England, The notice taken in our last paper, of the Ma- and a third per cent, and his Tenants are known beauty. compelled to reduce his rents thirty-three All dyers should know, that when bright co-nal, falls directly under the heads-Internal Im- British population. some have intimated, to the columns of this Jour to support the existing burdens on that class of lours are wanted, the first step to be taken is to provement and Domestic Economy. Though it clear the water of all mineral and animal sub- has been said "a little learning is a dangerous continues to bestow the most munificent enstances. This is all that is necessary to pre- thing," yet there can be no doubt that any young couragement on the agricultural associations in pare the liquor for any bright colour; but if raw man attending with a willing heart to a single his neighbourhood, giving as many hundred, as Gen. Van Ransellaer-the Coke of America, water be added, or steam suffered to flow into course of lectures, would forever derive satisfac- some other wealthy citizens give single dollars, the vessel, the beauty of the colour will be des- tion and benefit therefrom, in all the ordinary pur- to such objects. troyed, in proportion to the quantity admit-suits of rural life. The rudiments of Anatomy ted." The letter, from which the foregoing is an ture of the animal frame, would be best adapted has occurred since our last. would teach him to know what particular strucextract, adds a number of other particulars, con- to the various purposes, to which domestic aninected with the subject of manufactures. In the prices of country produce, little change states, among other things, that large quantities the harness or saddle-an ox for the shambles It mals are applied. Did he want a horse for of Fullers' Earth are said to be found on the or the yoke-a hog to be reared in the stye, or banks of the Wabash; but after diligent search, to seek with activity a more precarious sub- offered at private sale. There is probably no none, in a pure state, has yet been discovered in sistence in the woods-he would make a judi- farm in Maryland which combines so much Late the residence of A. C. Hanson, Esq. is the vicinity of Cincinnati. has put to us the following questions, to which principles of anatomy, and of mechanicks.-ated between nine or ten miles from Baltimore, Our correspondent cious selection by a direct application of the beauty with so much intrinsic value. It is situwe hope some one will furnish satisfactory an-Did he wish to ascertain by what process any near the Washington Turnpike, commanding a swers, as we are unable to do it ourselves: given substance on his farm might be most view of all the intervening country, &c. The

BELMONT,

1. What quantity of woad would be consumed speedily converted into manure; in what stage land has been highly improved, and is now in annually, in the vicinity of New York and of putrefaction such manure might be applied order to produce excellent crops of wheat, corn, Philadelphia, estimating one pound of woad to with most effect, according to the nature of the tobacco, &c., and being admirably adapted to five pounds of wool, dyed of a dark blue? 2. Would the manufacturers give a reasona-lights of chemistry, he would make these inves-ry farm. The buildings are valuable, and consoil and the crops to be grown; it is by the grass, would make a beautiful grazing and daible compensation to be instructed in the art of tigations-in truth,there is no species of know-sist of a large and well finished Dwellingdying generally? 3. Whether it would answer any good pur-knowledge is power, and if we have not lei-house, Dairy, &c. &c., with an excellent garden ledge which is not worthy of acquisition, for house, Overseer's house, Barn, Stables, Icepose, for a person who understands the manu-sure to acquire the ornamental, let us embrace well stocked with choice fruit, and a good apple facture of woad, and its various applications in all opportunities to gain as much as possible of orchard. The farm contains between seven or the art of dying, to establish himself in this part that which is useful. In this paper we have giv eight hundred acres, of which about 300 are of the country? It is proper to remark, that we are wholly un en from the late Doctor Rush-he who gave exis-in wood. acquainted with the writer of this letter; nor this country-a lecture on the importance of stu- cation to the Subscriber in Baltimore, or Mrs. tence and character to Medical Institutions in ha e we a sufficient knowledge of some of the dying the Diseases of Domestic Animals. Let P. Hanson, on the premises. Terms of sale will be made known by applitopics embraced in his communication, to judge his great example humiliate the vanity of those

J. I. DONALDSON.