349 pass unnoticed the violations of its rights and samples thereof in the manner prescribed by the this act, to be received by them on the delivery interests; but our limits compel us to touch but provisions of this act, select without favour, af- of the tobacco from which the same shall have slightly on subjects, the fatal consequences of fection, prejudice or partiality, such samples as been drawn. which it would require volumes fully to expose. in my conscience and judgment I shall deem a terests. The most injurious, of such violations of our fair sample of the average quality of tobacco in of the inspectors aforesaid, when required by the rights, are the immense indirect taxes levied on the hogshead from which such sample shall be owner or his agent to draw duplicate samples, so to 8. And be it enacted, That it shall be the duty agriculture, for the exclusive benefit of the pa-drawn, as far as can be ascertained by the breaks do, and to stamp the samples so drawn, according per, stock, commercial and manufacturing in-directed hereafter to be made; and further, that to the provisions of this act, the owner or his agent Against the existing privileges and I will use every diligence to ascertain the true first agreeing to pay him aforesaid, for every dumonstrous pretensions of the last, our societies quality of tobacco inspected by me, whenever I plicate sample thus furnished. have already made a determined, and we hope shall suspect that any fraud has been used or not an ineffectual opposition. May such exertions practised in the packing thereof." continue, until the great agricultural interest is 9. And be it enacted, That it shall be the duty fully awakened to a sense of its wrongs, which of said inspector as aforesaid to break each and of the ware-house to be provided for the safe 2. And be it enacted, That it shall be the duty tion ware-house shall be located, to cause a part of the levy court of the county where an inspecalone is necessary for their removal. The de-every hogshead by him inspected in not less than keeping of samples; and it shall be the duty of struction of every fragment of exclusive privi-five different places. lege is demanded, not more by the interest of 3. And be it enacted, That it shall be the duty the boxes (to be provided by the owners) in which agriculture and the principles of sound political of the said inspectors as aforesaid, when requir- the samples shall be deposited, shall not be inthe said inspector or inspectors, to take care that economy, than by the sacred rights of property ed by the owner or agent to draw samples of the jured nor the same opened, unless by the permiswhich alone can offer security for freedom. The commercial interest, (even on the grounds the same; and such samples so to be drawn, it shall be the duty of said inspectors to attend Tobacco which he or they shall inspect, to draw sion of the owners thereof, or their agents. And assumed by the advocates of monopoly,) needs no shall consist of not less than three bundles to once in each of the months of April, May, June, legal privileges, to be prosperous, rich and great.be of the average quality of the tobacco in the July, August, September, October and November Its natural advantages have made their privileges hogshead from which the sample shall be drawn, in every year, for showing the said samples to. conferred by government, rather nominal than as far as can be ascertained by the breaks here- dealers; which days shall be appointed by the said real, and the few cases in which they have effect, after directed to be made. serve to oppress agriculture and outrage justice, 4. And be it enacted, That it shall be the duty in as many news-papers in the District of Columwithout converting even a tythe of the injury to of each and every inspector, when required so bia and Baltimore, as they shall deem necessary levy court, and notice thereof shall be published the benefit of commerce. to do by the owner of any tobacco by him inspect-to give information of the days so appointed; and All these oppressions, however, are trivial ed, to confine the said samples by him drawn, in the provisions of this section are hereby declared when compared to the legal privileges conferred one bundle, by tying them together with a strong not to extend to the city and county of Baltion banking. Their defenders are now silent-no-tape run through the head of said sample in such more. thing is now heard of the once boasted blessings manner as may appear to him most likely to prewhich our country was to receive from banks.-vent the said bundle from separating: and it shall of each and every inspector of this state to make But though convinced of their evil effects and be the duty of the said inspector to confine on an entry of the tobacco by them inspected, which 10. And be it enacted, That it shall be the duty worse tendencies, we refrain from their destruc- the said sample so united together, a slip of paste-may have been inspected at some other waretion, spell-bound, by the stale doctrine that char-board, and to seal the said tape and paste-board house, and to incorporate a statement of the qualiters are inviolable-that the people once des- with sealing-wax, and to impress the said wax, ty thereof so re-inspected in the quarterly repoiled of a right, are not justified in resuming it. with the stamp hereinafter directed to be pro- ports to be by them made as hereinafter directWe console ourselves too, under this submission, vided, so that the name of the inspection where ed. with the belief that with the profits of banking, the said tobacco shall be inspected, may be le the whole system must sink, and that its present gible on the said wax; and it shall be the duty of the several inspectors, on the first Monday of state shews its end to be not far distant. This of the said inspector to write on the said paste- April, July, October and January in each and 11. And be it enacted, That it shall be the duty expectation is vain; when robbers are numer-board, the number of the hogshead from which every year, to report to the treasurer of the state ous, their dividend of booty must necessarily be the sample shall have been drawn, the name of for the western shore, the quantity of tobacco insmall. The present temporary depression of the owner thereof and the name of the said in-spected, re-inspected and delivered from his inthe paper interest offers the strongest proof of spector. its alarming strength; in this season of its greatest weakness-notwithstanding a loss of both pro- of the governor and council for the time being. A report of the Tobacco inspected at and delivered 5. And be it enacted, That it shall be the duty be signed by the inspector, shall be as follows: spection house. And the form of such report, to perty and character without parallel-although to cause to be prepared, a stamp for each and universally execrated-yet it is enabled to retain every inspection of tobacco as aforesaid, for which unimpaired its exclusive privileges, and to pay as an inspector is or shall be appointed, and on little regard to the opinion of the people as it has which stamp, the name of the inspection for from inspection ware-house during the ever done to patriotism, probity or honour. quarter commencing on the day of — which it shall or may be prepared shall be enthe year eighteen hundred andthe day of ; ending on dred and in the year of eighteen hun It is possible for us to convert our wilderness graven, and to cause the same to be forwarded into a garden, to increase tenfold the products of to the inspector or inspectors thereof, to be by our field-but if the system be not overthrown, him or them used in stamping the wax by which the increase of toil alone would be our share, the tape through the said samples as aforesaid, while the profits would go to augment the wealth shall be secured as aforesaid. and power of chartered corporations and privileged orders. INSPECTION OF TOBACCO. spected. Number de livered. in Domestic growth. Growth Reinspect Total. ed. state. And it shall be the duty of the treasurer of 6. And be enacted, That it shall be the duty of the clerk of the council to transmit to the clerks Number inof the several counties to which such stamps) shall be sent, the amount of the expense incurA further supplement to the act entitled, An act to shall be the duty of the said clerk to lay the same red by the state in procuring the same; and it regulate the inspection of Tobacco, chap. 194. Sec. 1. Be it enacted by the General Assembly hereby instructed and required to cause the said before the levy court of the said county, who are of Maryland, That from and after the first day sums so as aforesaid expended by the state for of November next, except as to Charles and Saint the use of such county, to be assessed on the asMary's counties, it shall be the duty of the se-sessable property of the said county to and for the western shore for the time being, to cause veral inspectors of tobacco, before they proceed the use of the state, if the ware-house for which copies of the said reports to be forwarded forthto discharge the duties of their respective ap- they are furnished be public property; and if with to the editor of the American Farmer, to pointments, to take, in addition to the oath (or they be private property, then the levy court are affirmation) already prescribed by the original instructed to cause the inspector to retain a sum refuse to comply with the directions of the aforebe by him published for the information of the act to which this is a further supplement, the equal to the expense so incurred. following oath (or affirmation) as the case may people of this state. And if any inspector shall be: "I, A. B., do solemnly swear (or affirm,) that said, for the performance of the duties imposed lars, to be applied to the benefit of the county in 7. And be it enacted, That the inspectors afore-shall pay a fine not exceeding one hundred dolI will faithfully and honestly discharge the du-by this act, are hereby permitted to demand and which he is an inspector. And it shall be the said last section, upon conviction thereof, he ties of inspector of tobacco for the ware-house; that I will, whenever I shall draw by them stamped according to the provisions of time being, to give notice to the judges of the retain for themselves, five cents for each sample duty of the treasurer of the western shore for the county courts of said counties or Baltimore city twenty-two, and ending on the sixth day of P.S.-If Mr. J. C. B. should visit Washington Court, as the case may be, to be by them sub-January, eighteen hundred twenty-three. mitted to the grand jury, of all such omissions. SIR, or George Town, and will favour me with a call, I can give him a taste of the wine made from the wild grape as well as the cultivated ones, Total. both of which I think tolerable; and would at the same time answer any queries he may make. J. A. Growth Treasury Office, not of Annapolis, Jan. 15th, 1823. tic growth. this Reinspected. state. In compliance with the provisions of an act of December Session 1821, Chapter 194, Section 11, Number inEntitled a further supplement to the act entitled an act, to regulate the Inspection of Tobacco, I transmit herewith copies of several reports re spected. ceived from Inspectors of Tobacco, as stated be- Number de- said act. I am, Sir, Very respectfully, Your obedient servant, Baltimore. livered. office. WM. H. BALDWIN, Insp. Treasury Office, Jan. 14th, 1823. True copy from the original report filed in this B. HARWOOD, T. W. S. Md. AMERICAN GRAPES AND WINE. To the enquiry made of Mr. Adlum, through A report of the Tobacco Inspected at and de- the National Intelligencer, and from that paper livered from Calhoun's Inspection Warehouse, copied into the last Farmer-the following anduring the quarter commencing on the sixth day of swer from Mr. Adlum, has since appeared in the October, in the year eighteen hundred and twenty Metropolitan.-ED. AM. FARMER. two; ending on the sixth day of January in the year of eighteen hundred and twenty-three. DAYTON'S PATENT STRAW CUTTERS, IMPROVED. These are now made in a durable manner, and we believe that they would be found very useful and satisfactory, whenever the number of cattle to be fed, or the description of fodder to be cut, did not require more powerful, or more operative machines. We have seen one of them cut three pecks of straw in a minute; the only trial of it that we have witnessed, and in this the operator made unusual efforts; but we presume any one could easily make it cut straw at the rate of halt a bushel per minute.-Ed. Am. Farmer. SIR-I observe in your paper of yesterday, a communication from J. C. B. taken from the National Intelligencer, in which he says, " In the years 1820 and 1821 I made a small quantity of "wine from the native grape. My method I think a very imperfect one, not yielding a gallon of hhds." juice to the bushel of grapes."-I presume Mr. J. C. B. must have used the small autumn, by some called the chicken or pigeon grape, from which, on account of the number of their seeds, a gallon of juice cannot be expected from a bushel. But if he had the large growing fox grape, they will not part with their juice either from their skin or pulp without fermentation-if they are bruised or This is considered one of the best machines the skin merely broken and put into a tub covered for cutting Straw or top Fodder, that we with a blanket and suffered to ferment from have in this part of the country, for the price, three to six days, (according as the weather is (say $20.) The person who cuts the straw, has warm) and until the whole pulp is dissolved, nothing to do but to turn the wheel after the and also the colouring matter in the skin, and straw or fodder is put into the box. The feeding the juice drawn or pressed off-I am much mis- works are so constructed as to bring forward the taken if a bushel of bunches will not yield from straw a proper distance ready to be cut by the A report of the Tobacco Inspected at and de-two and a half to three gallons of juice-one bush- semi-circular knife, at each revolution of the livered from Smith's Inspection Warehouse, du-el of my Miller Burgundy weighed in the bunch-fly-wheel. The knife cuts with great ease ring the quarter commencing on the 6th day of es thirty six pounds, the Schuylkill Muscadell and and despatch. The straw is brought forward October, in the year eighteen hundred and twen-Constantia each weighed forty eight pounds in in the most simple manner, by means of a rol ty-two; ending on the sixth day of January, eigh-the bunches, and a bushel of them when picked ler fixed under the hind part of the box, to teen hundred and twenty-three. off the bunches, weighed sixty-one pounds; a bush- which is attached a cord, that passes along the el of the Tokay weighed fifty and a half pounds under side of the box over a small pully, placed in the bunches, and when picked off a bushel near its front end, then returns along the inside Total. weighed sixty-five pounds-I had about one acre of the box, but under the straw, and is attached in bearing, but I only measured, with care, four to a small perpendicular transverse board, that tenths of an acre, which produced sixty-five and slides from the end of the box towards the front, hhds. a half bushels of bunches, and they yielded near when put in motion by the cord, and thus forces or about three gallons of juice to the bushel, and the straw forward at every turn of the wheel.it cannot be expected that a bushel weighing 34 The roller is moved by means of a screw fixed or 36 pounds will yield as much juice as those near the hindmost end of the fly-wheel shaft, so that weigh from 48 to 50 pounds. as to turn a cog wheel that is placed on one end Our small autumn grapes generally weigh from of the roller. 31 to 34 lbs. the bushel, and the large growing fox This machine has been much improved since grapes weigh from 44 to 48 pounds in the bunches; I purchased the patent right for this state. inthis difference in each kind I suppose is owing to stead of the wooden, I have introduced an iron their state of ripeness, or to the difference of the fly wheel; and the screw and cog wheel on which the feeding movement chiefly depend, quantity of sugar contained in them As I am preparing a memoir, in which my are now made larger, and permanent. I shall practice, as also the best I could collect from still continue, however, to make some as formerothers, for the planting of the vine, &c. until the ly with the wooden fly wheel, in a durable manwine is fit for use, as well as the management of ner, at $15. A report of the Tobacco Inspected and de-our wild grapes, it is unnecessary to comply with I may now inform my friends and the public livered from the Indian Landing Inspection the gentleman's wish at present, with respect to that I am sincerely thankful for the very libcWarehouse, during the quarter commencing on my mode of making wine, &c. ral patronage which I received the last year: the seventh day of October, eighteen hundred and January 15th, 1823. and as I am gradually enlarging my establish JOHN ADLUM. "Diverse lingue, horribili favelle, ment, and increasing its variety, I hope to de-out the toilsome travel of the day I observed, except by exclamations, short sentences, or curserve the continuance of their favours. My stock with satisfaction, that no man made a false step.es, consists of ploughs, cultivators, wheat-fans, At half past four in the afternoon the day's perstraw-cutters, &c.; together with a general as-formance concluded. sortment of smaller implements, such as sho- By degrees I became better acquainted with Dante, Inferno. Canto 3. vels, spades, hoes, picks, mattocks, hay and my associates, the majority of whom concurred dung forks, scythes, grain cradles, &c. &c. Independently of the strict injunction to prein reprobating the invention; they considered it I have lately received a general assortment impossible to effect a moral reformation by teach serve silence, there is a physiological reason for of fresh and good garden seeds, which, toge-ing a man to be a footpad. But there were some the stillness that prevails; in all states of exerther with those that I have had raised, and so physically callous and morally unrelenting, ion where the labour exhausts the strength, mum what I expect from London by the ship Belvi-that the discipline seemed to make not the slight is the order of the day-the respiration is too dera in next month, will make my assortment est impression on their bodies or minds. A fel-actively employed to permit a sufficient supply very complete. I have also a general assort-low, who was a lamp-lighter, laughed at the la of breath for continued articulation. That fa ment of grass seeds. The prices of these are li-bour; he said it was much easier than his own culty of the mind which is termed attention beable to great fluctuations, owing to excess of trade, and he should consider the period of his comes wonderfully improved, and in consequence demand, or scarcity. But my prices will ever commitment as an holiday. A short thick-set the memory is enabled to revert to the former incidents of life with the greatest accuracy, and be as moderate as possible-and at present lad, who was a pot-boy, declared that drawing they are for Red clover seed, $8-Orchard beer all day and the greater part of the night was keep the immediate subject of thought steadily grass, $3 50-Herds grass do. $3-Timothy do. much more fatiguing. A chimney-sweeper said, it in contemplation. One of my comrades, who $5-Millet, $2-all of the first quality. was a clean and genteel profession; and a Radi- was a strolling player, rehearsed many parts As my whole time is necessarily occupied in cal affected to admire the invention, because it while in the act of treading, and, by his own acthe store and manufactory, I find it not only ve- proceeded on revolutionary principles. A hu-count, with greater facility than he had ever ry inconvenient, but difficult and expensive to mourous chap, who was classically educated, and done before; and this he explained, by ascribing collect small sums from persons who live in the had a poetical turn, called the Mill the gradus round about his weary way," in fixing his atit to the relief he experienced while "plodding" country, which places me under the necessity of ad Parnassum, and the labour, scanning. Suf- tention on those dramatic scenes with which he determining not to sell upon credit in future to fice it to say, that the same unvarying and mono-nad heretofore stored his memory. He pleastonous rotation continued during the period of myantly called it learning by rote. commitment. such persons. ROBERT SINCLAIR. JEU D'ESPRIT -THE TREAD MILL. MILL. "Down! thou dimbing sorrow!" The reader and the public will now expect that It now remains to communicate the reflections I should detail the practical operation of this that occurred while I was a working bee in this discipline and intended castigation on the moral hive of reform. For the first week the treading character; and this explanation I will cheerfulwas distressing, and accompanied with considera-ly give, as far as its effects on myself and others ble pain and stiffness in the calves of the legs and with whom I have conversed may be considered muscles of the thighs; this, however, gradually a fair criterion. It is supposed that idleness is diminished, and in the course of a month I per- the source of vicious propensities, and inferred formed the labour with alacrity, and only viewed that a return to industrious habits will engage the it as a species of training. The appetite was mind in honourable pursuits. This is the ordiLear, act 2, scene 4. much increased; but for this salutary symptom nary mode of reasoning; but it is founded on In order to introuce myself with due formality there was no extra provision, the means of sa- false premises. The life of a thief, so far from to the humane reader, I have to observe that I tisfying the increase being denied. As the toil being inactive, is a series of vigilant, laborious, was found guilty of the crime for which I was ar- proceeded, the thread of life was spun from a and hazardous enterprizes. He is compelled to raigned—in the emphatic language of the Recor-staple progressively finer; and when the six exert his faculties in the contrivance of stratader, "after a patient and impartial trial, by the months had expired, a very delicate filament ap-gems to circumvent the most wary, and to elude testimony of respectable and unvarying witnes-peared to connect together the body and the soul. the pursuit of justice. When other mortals are ses, by a mild and intelligent Judge, and by a This labour, with restricted diet, would be a cer- at rest, and enjoying the blessings of sleep, he merciful and considerate Jury ;" and was senten-tain remedy in cases of obesity; and the Mill prowls about, regardless of the inclemency of the ced to six months hard labour in the Tread Mill. might be safely recommended to the Court of weather, and conceals himself in ditches that he My first appearance on those boards was in Aldermen and their deputies; masters and war- may spring upon the traveller. If employed in March last. On the evening previously to my dens of companies; church wardens, overseers, the fabrication of bank notes, or in counterfeiting debut, the keeper came to me and said, that on and sidesmen; butchers' wives, and landladies the coin, his exertions are more laborious and tle following morning, at half-past seven, my in the districts of Wapping. longer continued than those of the honest arti When attendance would be required in company with That the Tread-mill, under proper regula-san. Cupidity is the stimulus to his unremitted other performers. There is always considerable tions, may become a valuable agent in the cure of toil, and the fear of surprise and apprehension interest produced by new situations and modes of chronic disorders, there is every reason to ex-banishes the refreshment of sleep. Ever on the smployment; and on that occasion the interest partook more of alarm than of curiosity. My in- pect; and it is to be hoped that valetudinarians alert to avoid detection, he is compelled to seek may be accommodated with some establishments by-paths, and traverse immense tracts, that he quiries were directed to ascertain if there re for this purpose. In wet weather, under proper may more effectually screen himself from danquired, any particular talent to comprehend, or dexterity of limb to execute, the task that had shelter, sufficient exercise might be taken in the ger; he shuns the garish eye of day, and often been assigned. The keeper assured me that the open air without the chance of catching cold; fasts till nature is nearly exhausted. and as the circular wheel resembles the cylinder there is a reward proclaimed for his caption, he performance was adapted to the meanest capaci- of a hand-organ, a trifling expense would furnish views his own species with distrust, knowing that ties: "Sir, it only consists in putting the best foot foremost; you have only to consider yourself a set of delightful tunes, commencing with so- the thirst of gain will induce even his associates lemn adagios, and progressively advancing to to betray him; and he feels that he can no lonin a marching regiment-it requires no previous the gayer movements of a waltz. Time, and the ger confide in the wretched female on whom he study;" adding, that in one particular it might rapid march of intellect, will at some future pe- has lavished his plunder. Mankind appear to be compared to swimming, which is never for-riod develope the improvements of which this have conspired against him, and he regards his gotten and that the latter result was the obfellow as an antagonist. It is not idleness that ject of the contriver. At the appointed hour in salutary engine is susceptible. is the cause of his delinquency, for the propen the morning, I ascended a few steps which con- The effects produced on the mind by the opera-sity to thieving, in all its departments, is a stimuducted me to my appointed station on the Mill.-tion of the Tread-mill are highly interesting, and lus that constantly goads him to practice; it is Our society was select, and clad in the same uni- deserve to be accurately communicated. Al- the eagerness to attain promptly that which he form; and it gave me sincere pleasure to find though it may be described as the dull unvaried considers the object of his wishes the desiderathat neither competition nor jealousy existed, altoil that excruciates the spirit and renders the tum that appears to constitute his immediate though we all wore the yellow stocking. A pro- passing moments tiresome and disgusting, yet it happiness. A child steals gingerbread—a schoolfound silence was maintained for the first three has very peculiar effects on the intellectual pow-boy robs an orchard. When the sexual feelings hours, when the person who worked on my right ers. As perception is in a great degree quies-are developed, the incentive to gratification is inhand said, “They intend to convert this into a cent, there are abundant opportunities for refleccorn mill." The person on my left, overhearing tion. The eye dwells only on the boards that * Hence the Laws of Lycurgus, which encourhim, replied, "It is a cursed contrivance for form a paling to intercept the view; conversacorns; my feet are blistered already." Through- tion is prohibited, so that the ear is unoccupied aged theft, if adroitly committed. creased, and urges to more hazardous attempts. | weeks in a close house built on the ground; HOLLY BERRIES-WOULD, THEY NOT The apprentice drains his master's till, or ap-and before one fire was kindled, it was becoming AFFORD A USEFUL OIL. propriates the money he has collected in his ser- rusty. Salting and drying are the two methods Salisbury, N. C. Dec. 29, 1822. vice to decorate his person, that he may indulge of curing meat-and a proper combination makes J. S. SKINNER, Eso. with greater facility in some low amour. The our best bacon. The addition of smoke, I con- Dear Sir-Would not the berries of Holly exhiliration kindled by fermented liquors, or sider as merely a flavour, notwithstanding what make a useful oil, to answer all or some of the the produce of distillation, presents a new source great chemists have said about rubbing on purposes of olive oil? If any of your corresponof pleasurable feeling. Under the influence of a little pyroligneous acid to cure meat. The dents are acquainted with the Holly berry and its wine, the bashfulness and timidity inseparable Londoners, I am told, have no smoke houses; properties, they would confer an obligation, by from chastity and decorum are utterly dispersed; they simply dry their meat in the kitchen. making it public through the medium of your the tongue acquires extraordinary facilities of Meat that is excessively salted by laying very paper. I have been led to this inquiry by seeing expression, scorns confinement to the dullness of long in plenty of salt, as also such as is ex-some thrown in a fire, a day or two ago, which fact, and sallies into the gayer regions of false- cluded from the air, as barreled pork, is not appeared to possess, from the manner of their hood and imagination. apt to grow rusty, but by very long keeping. burning, a quantity of oil. Among all the conveniences that can be enu- Hence it follows, that our nicest meat is most merated, especially with the community to which in danger; and the pieces we salt least are the I belong, a lie is justly entitled to the prefer-most apt to be rusty, viz: chines, joles and ence. It is an indispensible requisite in the cha-middlings. Hams are the least liable, because racter of a thief, and has presented abundant kept longer in salt, and more protected by skin. scope for the ingenuity of gentlemen of the long-There can be no doubt that meat kept so long robe to detect it by cross-examination. Its ex-moist, will have some of the salt on the surface cellence depends on the readiness with which carried off by the air, taking up the saline In this paper we record the first report from it is produced, and on the unblenching effronte-moisture, which is soon collected again ;* the Treasurer of the State, of the returns made ry with which it is maintained. Young beginners whereas, when it is dried quickly, the reverse to him by some of the Inspectors, under the new generally hesitate, colour up, and look down; happens, for the decrease in the volume of the Inspection law. The absence of reports from rascal. In haste, your obedient servant, THOS. CHAMBERS. THE FARMER. BALTIMORE, FRIDAY, JANUARY 24, 1823. the eye of a proficient rivets your attention by a meat will condense the salt, and it will crysta-other Inspectors, probably, arises from inadverpoint-blank regard. The emoluments of all pro-lize on the surface. I think our small pieces tence, or from an opinion that the law had not fessions and the profits of trade are founded on would do best to be first dried in a kitchen, yet taken effect in that particular. this convenience; and the science of producing and then smoked four or five days at most. belief in the mind of another, delicately termed Smoke will flavour and colour rapidly when the PRICES CURRENT-CORRECTED WEEKLY. persuasion, is the true "moyen de parvenir." meat is dry. All meat houses should be con- Flour, best white wheat, $7 25-Howard st. Thus the desire of gratification produces the ac-'stracted so as to be dry and airy. None should Superfine, $6 871-Wharf, do. 6 12-Wheat, tivity which distinguishes the restless life of ajbe in immediate contact with the ground-but white, $1 35 to 1 40-Red do., $1 27 to 1 30here lies a difficulty, yea, a double difficulty: Rye, 71 to 75 cents-Corn, 62 to 65 cts.Speaking from the moral benefits I have deri- flies and rogues may enter with the air. I have Oats, 35 to 374 cents-Beef, live cattle, $5 ved from this Mill, my expectations are not had a lattice door hung inside my strong door, to $5 50 per cwt.-Bee, 8 cents per lb. raised to any high degree; it may in the out-which latter is shut at dark; and as soon as a-Bacon, round, 10 to 11 cts.-Pork $4 50 set be felt as a punishment, but this, like the fly can shew his head, by which time the to 5 50 per c lb.-6 to 8 ct. per lb.-Mutton, 5 nap of a new coat, soon wears off, and by habit meat will be cured, I shut all up so close, that to 6 cts. per lb.-Beans, $1 371 to 150-Peas, becomes merely a salutary exercise. It may one fly cannot see another. This I have found black eyed, 55 to 60 cts.-Red Clover Seed, $8possibly be employed with advantage for the in all places and cases, the only infallible pre- Orchard Grass do. $3 50-Herls' Grass do. $ correction of beggars, who are really idle; but ventive against skippers. Those who continue Timothy do. $5-Millet, $2-Fax Seed, 75 to 80 to reform thieves it is wholly inadequate. It the light of even four inches square, must put cts.-Whiskey, from the wagons 32 to 36 cts. tends to confer no character, and operates by de- their meat up early in March into bags, or per gal.-Apple brandy, 30 to 32 cs.-Peach do., gradation. Personally, I feel that I have per-give it a disagreeable dressing with ashes, if 65 to 70 cts.-Shad, none in market-Herrings, formed my task; it is no employment by which, they expect to be the only feasters on this gen- No. 1, $3 62 per bbl.-No. 2, $3 37-Fine when at large, I can obtain a living. I was dis- tile delicacy. salt 80 to 90 cts. per bush.-Coarse, do. 75— charged in a state of destitution, and must conti- Perhaps an opening in the floor of the house, Butter, 20 to 25 per lb.-Eggs, 25 cts. per doz. nue the practice of peculation to subsist. My with a grate and wireing, would be more eligi-Turkeys, 75 cts. to $1-Geese, 37 to 50 cts. principles are unaltered, and I am condemned ble than a lattice door; and if the foundation Chickens, $1 50 per doz.-Straw, $12 50 o 1 to herd with the most abandoned of my species. was weil stoned all over, and the house eleva- per ton-Hay, $17. to 5 In the lapse of forty years I have been an inha-ted a few inches from the ground, it would be MARYLAND TOBACCO-Of the fine qualities bitant of the various prisons, repeatedly tried at rogue proof; but perhaps even six inches none-Good red, $8 to 10-Common do. $5 to the different assizes, often whipped in the press-might be too high; for these gentry are very 7-Dark brown, $3 to 4—Second do., yard at Newgate, and more publickly at the tail much of the serpent kind, and might flatten out all in demand. of the tumbril. Once my stubborn neck has for the moment, to secure a good distention with bowed in the pillory, and my gills bear the resuch tempting stuff. "nullum Sæva caput Proserpina fugit." AGENTS FOR THE AMERICAN FARMER. cord of incandescent iron. I have been twice Such smoke houses as are built over other Complete sets of the first, second and third transported, and now with philosophic compo-houses, should have a large flue from the bottom, vols. of the AMERICAN FARMER," new and corsure, as the boon of approaching age and infirmi- but the fires should never be put there, or the rected Editions, can be had of the following perty, wait my turn at the gallows meat will keep damp-and moreover have a sons; price of which, bound, $5 per vol. or $4 bitter taste-for the warm smoke will be con-in Sheets :densed on the bacon by the relative coldness. M. CAREY & SONS and E. LITTELL, PhiThis I have experienced. ladelphia. There is much dispute with house keepers WELLS & LILLEY, Boston. W. A. COLMAN, New-York. whether we should smoke in damp seasons, PETER COTTOM, Richmond, Va. when the meat is dripping. I consider it safest not to smoke; for if you do not succeed in drying JOSEPH GALES, Raleigh, N. C. E. THAYER, Charleston, S. C. it, which can hardly be done so quickly, you W. F. REDDING, special agent, now journey will injure the meat much more than the weather will. Literary Gazette, Nov. 9. THE CURING OR PRESERVATION OF MEAT; SILVANUS. ing through the Southern States. The fourth volume, now publishing, can be forwarded to any part of the United States, on application being made, by letter or otherwise, to J. S. SKINNER, Baltimore. DEAR SIR, We had some conversation lately about the yellow rust, that is so disagreeable in bacon; and I referred you to a paper in your Farmer, vol. 2, on that subject. To the causes there assigned, I have to add another, that I did not know of then; and perhaps it is the most gene-ried off in this way, but they have only to look Printed every Friday at 84 per annum, for JOHN S. SKINNER, Tền ral, viz: the moisture and closeness of the meat at a brick house near the coast to be convinced; house. I was led to this discovery by keeping there they will see the salt 100 feet or more, ome meat, that was ready for smoking, three above the water level. * Some chemists might deny the salt being car tor, by JOSEPH ROBINSON, at the North West corner of Market and Belvidere streets, Baltimore; where every description of Bok and Job Printing is executed with nea ness and despatch-Orde from a distance for Printing or Binding, with proper directions promptly attended to, addressed to J. Robinson, Baltimore. No. 45.-VOL. 4. AMERICAN FARMER.-BALTIMORE, 31st JANUARY. 1823. 353 THE AMERICAN GARDENER have a sort of net-work over the whole planta-ja sharp spade along under the rows, and cut off CHAPTER IV. Vegetables and Herbs. tion. And, there let it stand, till the rains are the tap-roots; for they must be shortened when over, and until the winter is fairly set in, which the plants are transplanted. This, if done a week at New York, may be about Christmas. When or ten days before transplanting will give the plants all is frozen hard up, cover close over the lattice a more bushy root; and will, in some measure, 199. BROCOLI.-This plant is not much cul-work a foot thick with straw, at the least, and supply the place of pricking out.-Having the tivated in America; and, indeed, scarcely at all. lay on something to prevent the straw from mo- plants ready for transplanting; and having the In England it is grown in great quantities, espe-ving. Then set up straw, or corn stalks, against ground and weather as described in Paragraph cially near London. It is there sown in the the sides and the ends of the erection. Place 170, you proceed to your work, thus: dig the spring, and eaten in the fall and during the win- the straw or stalks a foot thick at least, and fas plants up, that is, loosen the ground under them ter, even until spring. It is of the nature of the ten them well up, so as to keep out, not the frost with a spade, to prevent their being stripped too Cauliflower, which see. One sort has a whitish but all light and all occasional thaws from enter- much of their roots. Put them in rows of course. head, and is like a cauliflower, except that the ing. Thus let the whole remain till the break- The setting-stick should be the upper part of a white is a yellow-white. Another sort has a pur-ing up of the frost : and then take all away. Do spade or shovel handle. The eye of the spade ple head; and there is another of a greenish hue. not wait till the frost is out of the ground; but, is the handle of the stick. From the bottom of It is cultivated, in all respects like a Cabbage take away as soon as the grand breaking up the eye to the point of the stick should be about (which see); but, as it is large, it must be pla- comes. You will find the plantation as green as nine inches in length. The stick should not be ced at wider distances, not less than two feet and it was when you closed it up. This will be about tapering; but nearly of equal thickness all the a half each way. If raised very early in the the middle of March (Long Island ;) and though way down, to within an inch and a half of the - spring and planted out in June, and in good there will be many and sharp frosts after this, point, where it must be tapered off to the point. ground, as cool as can be got, it will have heads these will not injure the plants. As soon as the If the wood be cut away all round, to the thickin October; and, if any of the plants have not ground is dry at top, hoe deep amongst the plants; ness of a dollar, and iron put round in its stead, then perfected their heads, when the hard frost hoe again in about ten days; and again in anoth- it makes a very complete tool. The iron becomes is coming, they may be treated like those of the er ten days; and, about the first week in May, bright, and the earth does not adhere to it, as it spring sown cauliflowers which have not perfect- or in the second at latest, you will begin to cut does to wood. Having the plant in one hand, and ed their heads at this season. Fifty of this plant, Brocoli to eat. The heads will come in one after the stick in the other, make a hole suitable to the for the fall, may be enough; and they ought to another; and, recollect, that you have 110 heads, root that it is to receive. Put in the root in such be planted out in the South Border in order to be which is nearly 4 a day for a month; and this, way as that the earth, when pressed in, will be on kept as cool as possible. The white sort is deem- you will observe, at a season, when people are a level with the butt-ends of the lower, or outward ed the handsomest; but, the others are more glad to buy dock-leaves to eat! When we talk leaves of the plant. Let the plant be rather higher hardy. To have Brocoli in the spring; that is of trouble, what is trouble but labour; and what than lower than this; for, care must be taken not to say, in May (for New York) is the thing!is labour but a thing to be bought? I am suppo- to put the plant so low as for the earth to fall, or The thing may be done; for I had some pretty sing a case where a gardener is kept; and, pray, be washed, into the heart of the plant, nor even gced in May 1818.-Sow in June. Transplant in what has he else to do? But, suppose a man to into the inside of the bottom leaves. The stem of July; put the plants at 24 feet apart. Till well be hired expressly, would he not go to the wood a cabbage, and stems of all the cabbage kind, be ween; and earth up the stems of the plants and get the materials and make the lattice work send out roots from all the parts of them that are in August. They will be very tall and stout, in in a day? Would it take him more than anoth- put beneath the surface of the ground. It is good, good ground, in November; and a sharp frost or er day to lay on the straw? Here, then, are two therefore, to plant as deep as you can without two will not hurt them. But, to keep them dollars; and, supposing the straw and the stakes injury to the leaves.-The next consideration is, through the winter is a troublesome thing Nev- and poles and rods to be bought, the straw would the fastening of the plant in the ground. I canertheless, to have them at New York or Boston be nearly as good for litter afterwards, and the not do better than repeat here what I have said in May, and, at Philadelphia late in April; to poles, stakes and rods would last for many years, in my Year's Residence, Paragraphs 83 and 84: have something little short of a cauliflower at if tied up in bundles and laid safely away from" The hole is made deeper than the length of the that season is worth some trouble, and even some winter to winter. "roots; but the root should not be bent at the or cat-" point, if it can be avoided. Then, while one When "hand holds the plant, with its root in the hole, It is a" the other hand applies the setting stick to the "earth on one side of the hole, the stick being expense; for, at that very season, the people of 200. BURNET is a well known grass, New York, are carrying home wild dock leaves tle plant. It is used by some in salads. from market, bought at three or four cents a bruised, or cut, it smells like cucumber. handful! This is the way to go to work to have perennial, and a very poor thing. Brocoli at this season. Five rows, across one of 201. CABBAGE.-The way to raise Cabbage" held in such a way as to form a sharp triangle the Plats in the garden, will contain 110 plants. Plants in a hot-bed has been given in Paragraphs" with the plant. Then, pushing the stick down, 1 The space they will occupy will be 56 feet long, 77 to 96.-In the open ground you may put your "so that its point go a little deeper than the and 10 feet wide from out-side row to out-side seed rows at six inches distance, and put the" point of the root, and giving it a little twist, row. Now, all this space must have a covering seeds thin in the row. As soon as up, thin the" it presses the earth against the point, or bottom during the time that the ground is completely plants to three inches in the row. The next "of the root." And thus all is safe, and the tocked up by the frost. And this is the way to thing is transplanting; and I will speak of that plant is sure to grow. The general, and al nost cover it. Before the ground be hard frozen, put before I speak of seasons, sorts, and preserving universal, fault, is, that the planter, when he some stout stakes in the ground on both out-sides during winter.-Of the preparation and state of has put the root into the hole, draws the earth up of the out side rows, and at about a foot from the 'the ground, and of the proper weather, for trans-against the upper part of the root, and, if he stems of the plants, Let these stakes be about planting, I have spoken in Paragraphs 169 to 175. press pretty well there, he thinks that the planta foot higher than the tops of the leaves of the Read those paragraphs carefully again, and bearing is well done. But, it is the point of the root plants; and that will make the stakes about four their contents in mind. But, to have fine cab-against which the earth ought to be pressed, for feet high. Let these stakes (which should not bages, of any sort, the plants must be twice trans- there the fibres are; and, if they do not touch the be less than three inches through) have a fork at planted. First, they should be taken from the earth closely, the plant will not thrive. To know the upper end to lodge a pole upon to go from seed bed (where they have been sown in drills whether you have fastened the plant well in the stake to stake across the plantation. That these near to each other,) and put out into fresh-dug, ground, take the tip of one of the leaves of the poles may not bend in the middle, by and by, well broken ground, at six inches apart every plant between your finger and thumb. Give a when the covering is put on, put another row of way. Ihis is called pricking out. By standing pull. If the plant resist the pull, so far as for the forked stakes along the middle, or near the mid-here about fifteen or twenty days, they get straight bit of leaf to come away, the plant is properly dle of the plantation. From out-side row of and strong, stand erect, and have a straight and fastened in the ground; but, if the pull bring up stakes to out-side of stakes will be twelve feet stout sten. Out of this plantation they come the plant; then you may be sure that the plantand a half. The stakes are to be four feet asun-nearly all of a size; the roots of all are in thing is not well done. The point of the stick ought der in the long rows, and they will be about six same state; and, they strike quicker into the to twist and press the earth up close to the point feet asunder across the plantation. Lay stout ground where they are to stand for a crop.-of the root; so that there be no hollow there.poles across, and let each pole rest in the forks but, if you do not, whether from negligence or Pressing the earth up against the stem of the of the three stakes. Then tie some stout rods want of time, prick your plants out, choose the plant is of little use. As to distances they must longways upon the poles, at about nine inches strongest, if you do not want them all; and, be proportioned to the size which the cabases from each other. Then some small rod acrosst any rate, do not plant strong and weak pro usually come to; and the size (difference of soil them at nine inches from each other. Then ti miscuously, put each by themselves. If you out of the question) varies with the sort. HowSait rods along the sides and at the ends from do not intend prick out, leave the plants, thin-lever, for the very small sorts, the Early D surf stake to stake, nine inches apart, and uprightner in the seed bed, and hoe deep between them and Early Sea Green, a foot apart in all direc rods against these, nine inches apart. Thus you while they stand there. Besides this you may pass 'tions is enough; for there is no occasion to waste |