66 whatever, which has a direct and intimate con- sions of its tendency to convert our institution into]" government, by adopting a system of general nexion with practical agriculture, notwithstand - a mere political faction, as some have apprehended. policy : not by local, partial legislation for a ing he may be unable to communicate such sen- It has fallen to my lot (and I deem it a fortunate particular interest, with the false, insidious pretiments in the technical language of the science. incident in my life) to present to the national" tence that all may indirectly come in for a Matters of fact derived from long experience Legislature, one of the first memorials which" share of the benefit. It is to this latter princiand accurate observation, by those who have a that body has ever received, in defence of the" ple we trace that policy which in all ages has capacity for minute discrimination, are far more rights of agriculture, in opposition to the mono-"led to the establishment of despotic governessential to the progress of improvement than polizing claims and pretensions of the manufac-"ment, and from the practical operations of the most elaborate pre-conceived theories: yet turing interest of the United States. The firm which, particularly in the hierarchical instituthere cannot be a doubt that a knowledge of and dignified tone of remonstrance, with the for- tions of England, we were driven into successBotany, Chemistry, Natural Philosophy, includ- cible appeal to the good sense and justice of" ful opposition to that power." ing some branches of Mechanics, would greatly congress, contained in those memorials, doubt With sentiments like these, addressed to the contribute to the advancement as well as im- not had the effect in a great degree to arrest that understandings and justice of Congress, we will provement of agriculture. The perfection of body in one of the most baneful systems of poli-not doubt of success in reclaiming that body to Art, is in proportion to its imitation of Nature.-cy that ever disgraced any nation, professing to a course of correct and legitimate and constituChemistry has already done much and promises be governed by impartial laws, based upon the tional policy, at least so long as that body shall yet greater benefits to the world, in detecting the principle of equal rights; a system of policy which be composed of a majority of those who reprearcana of nature, and in bringing to light some of would lay prostrate at the feet of the most insig-sent the labouring and productive interest of the her most secret operations. By chemical analy nificant and inconsiderable interest in this nation, country, in contradistinction from the speculative sis the composition of soils and the proportion of the whole of that course of administration by interest. their ingredients on which depends their varie-which we have grown to renown, to wealth, to The great mischiefs attendant upon all the ties, may be accurately ascertained. By the prosperity, and a dignified rank among the na-governments that have ever existed, have arisen same process we detect the qualities and ingre tions of the earth: a policy which would drive from an officious meddling disposition in those dients which constitute manures, and in that way this nation from a course of measures pointed out who govern, to regulate every thing in society. adapt them to the purposes of improving the soils. to her by the unerring hand of Nature, which This, however, should not be considered extraorThe science of Botany presents to our view the has stamped upon our geographical chart in in-dinary in those governments, which were made history of the nature and organization of vege-delible characters, "that agriculture and com- exclusively for the benefit of the few privileged tables: the soils in which they most delight, and "merce should be the principal occupations of orders: because without such universal and conthe temperature of the atmosphere best suited" our people." This foul spirit of monopoly, of stant superintendance and regulation they could to produce their highest perfection. None can local and partial legislation, so frequently and so not wield and manage the machinery to the purdoubt the importance and value of this kind of fatally insinuating itself into our legislatures, poses intended by its formation. Hence has knowlege to those engaged in agricultural oc- whether in the form of protecting duties to en-originated in despotisms the bold assumption of a cupations. The modern improved construction courage domestic manufactures, or of privileged power, not only to regulate the high and imof the plough, the harrow and other implements chartered incorporations of whatever descrip- portant concerns of conscience in the form of esof husbandry, together with the construction of tion, remains to be exorcised from its unhallowed tablishments of religion and test acts; but also, some entirely new ones, has done perhaps more hold upon our institutions by the all-pervading the more insignificant and petty concerns of prithan any other occurrences of modern times, not and all-controlling influence of public opinion.vate domestic economy. But in the United States, only in saving of labour, but in facilitating and This influence embodied in a new form and de-where we have proceeded upon a belief that man simplifying all the operations of practical agri-rived from a source hitherto silent and overlook- is competent to self government, it would be naculture: And for these we are indebted, in a ed, has already begun the work of reformation in tural to suppose that political power should abgreat degree, to a knowledge of the principles of this behalf. The agricultural interest throughout stain from all interference with the affairs of somechanical science. the United States, have at length discovered in ciety, except so far as to exercise a salutary pa 64 66 I have been led, gentlemen, into these remarks what way it has happened that all other interests rental power of protecting the weak against the chiefly to pave the way for a suggestion, which have mounted over their heads into the favour strong, and restraining and coercing the vicious, I will now take the liberty of making from a and patronage of Government, to their manifest the refractory and the violent, at the same time thorough conviction of its great importance and injury and gross injustice. They too have indulgallowing all to pursue their own happiness in their its invaluable utility. I most seriously recom-ed the feelings and obeyed the impulses of the own way, strictly regarding the rights of their mend to this society the formation of a library Esprit de Corps." They have followed the neighbours. Whatever political measure shall for the exclusive use of its own members, to be example set them by the commercial and manu- detract either from the profits or the respetabilimade up of such publications, as relate to every facturing interest, by embodying themselves, ty of any avocation in society, must necessarily branch of rural economy: of these there are and as a distinct, separate interest have address-do it an injury, nor is it less true that whenever abundance, of modern production and of intrinsic ed the government in language manly, indepen government shall lend its fostering aid to any excellence and worth; well calculated to instruct, dent and disinterested. "We ask you" say they, particular branch of industry, it will thereby to improve, and amply to repay the expense of "for no favor, no exclusive privilege, no charter give it an impulse which may force it ahead of procuring, as well as the trouble of reading."of incorporation. We call to your recollection others, not so favoured. For many centuries The establishment of such institutions have been the instruments by which our independence preceding the revolution in France, the royal sanctioned, and their utility fairly tested, by the" was achieved. It was the yeomanry of the favour and patronage were exclusively bestowed examples and practice of nations, communities, country, nurtured and cherished in the lap upon the church and the army; and by amalgaand societies, in all times and in all countries, of rural occcupation: From their bosoms the mating these two interests with the hereditary nosince the invention of the art of printing. Like republican spirit was transfused into our poli-bility of the country, it was not surprising that “ tical institutions. the circulating system of the blood, which carMonopoly, privileged or- | all honour as well as enolument attached excluries life and vigour and health to every part of ders, chartered rights were the bane of that sively to them. The consequence was that agrithe animal, these great arteries of science dif- government from which we seceded. We culture, commerce and manufactures being viewfuse knowledge and improvement and civilization "threw it off on account of the mischiefs pro-ed and treated merely as subservient and auxiliathroughout the remotest extremities of the social "duced by that course of policy in the mother ry to the promotion and aggrandisement of these ody. country. Our government was made by the other leading interests, became disreputable and These very imperfect and crude remarks, gen"whole for the whole, and no exclusive privi unprofitable, and were pursued exclusively by tlemen, in which I have attempted to address your lege can be conferred, but as a reward of ser-those only, who in the fashionable slang of the understandings, upon the importance of a know vices rendered to the public. Let us all alone. times were termed the ignoble, the vulgar, the ledge of the principles and the necessity of a ra"We demand only protection in our persons and rabble, &c. The history of other governments in tional improvement of agriculture, belong to one" in our property-leave private, individual en-Europe, which like France, have had a feudal branch only, of our business as a society. From" terprize to its own guidance and direction, origin, would furnish instances equally apposite the example which has been regularly given by equally untrammelled by the officious inter-to our purpose, which is to shew the all-pervadthe Delegation, to the united societies, at their "ference of government, in the form of restric-ing influence of political power in directing the sessions, we are led to consider the protection of "tion or of a pretended fostering care. Pursue destinies of man in this world. Nor is it importhe rights of agriculture in a political sense, as your legislative career, under the constitutional tant, as to results, whether such power is exercisforming another branch of our business, when" prescriptions of a definite and specified power, ed under the title of a republic, or of an aristoassembled; nor am I at all disposed to detract" not by the unwarranted inferences of a loose cracy, or of a monarchy. The effects will always from the comparative importance of this branch "construction of general phrases. Give to all be the same, if the causes are of the same nature. of our proceedings, or to indulge any apprehen- an equal participation in the blessings of a free it matters not as to results whether the great ،، ،، ،، ،، Pecks. lbs. Bran 1 3 } bs. 36 or 17 The following receipt has been communicated to the Editor, by a person well acquainted with the mode of compounding the liquor The cider must be well racke two or three times in clear weather. Four gallons of best apple-brandy are then to be added to each barrel of Total 53 when returned from cider, if the cider be weak, but if it be strong, the mill. Pecks. lbs. 108. or Bran 1 6 20 less will suffice. An infusion of Sassafras root, made by putting a piece of about the size of a finger, and chipped fine into a pint of water, improves the flavour. The barrel is then to be ( rolled. labouring interest is ground to dust by the opera- neighbouring mill, requesting each might be, TO MAKE CIDER OIL. tion of a tythe to churchmen, under the specious ground and dressed into one sort of flour; the This liquor is a very favourite drink with a and imposing pretext of supporting the hallowed bran only being taken out; and an accurate ac-large portion of our German citizens, and of an institutions of Religion, or whether it be done count of the weight of each sent to me, which agreeable flavour, when diluted, to most persons. by the operation of chartered privileges, in the was as under: more dangerous (because less intelligible and more insidious) form of protecting duties for the Foreign-Flour 2 8 support of manufactures, and charters to banking institutions. He must indeed be a short-sighted politician, and unacquainted with the plainest and most obvious principles of political economy, who does not perceive that all such monopolies derive their support from the class of productive labour. Equivalents, it is true, are promised :-English-Flour 1 10 It is said that labour shall find in those chartered bodies, a surer and more convenient market for its productions; but with these false pretenses in In years when apples are abundant, cider even their mouths, the politicians of Great Britain Total 44 when returned from of a good quality brings only a small price; but have gone on for more that a century in the pracby converting it into cider oil, it may be pretice of a system whose monstrous effects begin. Each bushel of barley lost 4 lbs. in the process served until the following spring, and will then now to develope themselves in the bankruptcy of its manufacture. It will be observed that the commonly sell well. and ruin of nearly a moiety of their labouring po- foreign barley made 12 lbs. more of flour, per pulation. | bushel, than the English, which is within 2 Ibs. Whilst then, gentlemen, as a society, we keep of seven pecks per quarter, (of 8 bushels); and at steadily in view the important subject of agricultu- the computed value of 2s. 6d. (55 cents) per The following mode of drying peaches is adoptral improvement, by communicating the results of peck, or $2 20 cts. per bushel, amounts to 17s. 6d. ed by Thomas Belanjee, of Egg-Harbour, New experiments and of practice by a mutual inter- or $3 89 cts. worth of flour more per quarter (of Jersey: change of opinions, let us equally guard and protect 8 bushels) than was obtained from English bar- He has a small house with a stove in it, and the rights of agriculture, by joining with our bre- ley of the last year's growth. drawers in the sides of the house, lathed at their KNOWLEDGE. the mill. TO DRY PEACHES. thren throughout the United States, whenever the In the course of the winter I malted six quar-bottoms. Each drawer will hold nearly half a occasion shall call for it, in a mild but firm and ters; it worked but indifferently on the floors, bushel of peaches, which should be ripe, and manly tone of remonstrance against every branch having many hard corn amongst it; but this not peeled, but cut in two and laid on the laths of our government policy, which shall be found consider as the defect of almost all the barley of with their skins downwards so as to save the to operate injuriously to agriculture, and of course the year 1809. Its swell in the cistern was much juice. On shoving the drawer in they are soon ought to be considered as partial, unjust and op-greater than English barley; being, from six quar-dried by the hot air of the stove and laid up.pressive. ters, equal to our usual steeping of twenty quar Peaches thus dried are clear from fly-dirt, excelters. I had also a large increase in the mak-lently flavoured, and command a high price in ing, having nearly two bushels in six quarters, market. Pears thus dried eat like raisins. With which is much more than it is usual to obtain a paring machine, which may be had for a dolfrom the best barley on our plan of making malt. lar or two, apples or pears may be pared, and On brewing this malt, I had the satisfaction to sufficient quantity dried, to keep a family in find the wort tasted much richer than that brewed pies, and apple bread and milk, till apples come from my English malt. My instrument (Rich-again. With a paring machine,* one person can ardson's Saccharometer) confirmed my observa-pare for five or six cutters. tion, having extracted 12 lbs. more of saccharine * An ingenious friend of ours, in Boston, fromatter, per quarter, than from the English malt. The result of these different experiments ap-mised to make us one of these machines, but we pears to be in favour of the Northern naked Bar-fear he has forgotten it.-Ed. Am. Farmer. ley as follows: EXTRACTS FROM THE ARCHIVES OF USEFUL Marden, near Hertford, April 1, 1810. GENTLEMEN, When I had the honour of being present at a meeting of your Society in February 1809, amongst the many subjects then discussed, were the qualities and merits of the Northern naked Barley. As no accurate statement was brought before you of any experiment by which its value could be ascertained, I beg leave to recommend to your attention the following account of the growth and processes of Mealing, Malting, and Brewing of the Northern naked Barley. On the 12th of May, 1809, I sowed five acres of it after a mixed crop of turnips and cabbages, which were fed off by sheep in the latter end of April and the first week in May. This crop being very abundant, kept the sheep longer on the ground, which was on this account in some degree better manured than any other land. Nearly seven pecks of flour, s. d. Or in its malted state, 12 lbs. $ 17 6 3 cts. ON MIXING COLOURS FOR PAINTING. To make Gum Water. Dissolve gum Arabic in clear water to the consistence of sweet oil, 89 and if too thick, reduce it by adding more water, and shaking it well together. Keep this in a phial for use. The different colours wanted, may be produced by the following mixtures, or subMix red lead, vermillion, and more of saccharine matter, per quarter, extracted than from English malt, at 1s.6d. or about 33 cents per lb., 18 0 4 00 From this account it may be fairly presumed, that the northern naked Barley is worth from 17s. or $3 78 cts. to 18s or $4, more, per quarter, than Although this barley was so late sown, it was the English, for the purposes of mealing, maltready to cut a week sooner than my English|ing, and brewing. barley, and came to maturity a month sooner, which is doubtless an advantage to the husbandman, as the crop of barley on the latest-fed tur nip land often suffers. I remain your obedient servant, REMARKS. stances: A deep Scarlet. carmine. A light Scarlet. The best red lead only. ochre. Mr. Vancover confirms the fact of naked barOf the produce I can only speak comparative ey ripening well, but adds that the grains must ly, as it was not large ; a long drought in the not be ground, but only cracked.g summer burnt our light-land crops, and this suf- A naked barley was introduced into Philadelfered with the rest. I had two quarters ofhia a few years since, which yielded well, but English barley per acre; of the naked four quar upon the supposition that it would not malt, it ters, one bushel. It came up well, and had a has been but little cultivated of late. The foreluxuriant appearance during the dry season. going accurate statement, however, not only I sent a bushel of each sort of barley to a lly proves the incorrectness of the opinion, but emonstrates the superiority of the naked barley to or the purpose.-Editor of the Archives, &c. From the Letters and Papers of the Bath Society, vol. xii. p. 169, Bath, 1810. †16 Bushels. 33 Bushels. + Mr. Flower has since informed the secretary that the beer proves excellent. French berries and light A deep Blue. Indigo and Prussian blue-shade A transparent Blue. Prussian blue reduced A deep yellow. Dutch pink, or king's yellow. A light or dark yellow. Gamboge alone, acording to its thickness, will give every tint, from the lightest to the deepest. A light Green. Sap green and verdigris. A lively transparent Green. Verdigris mixed A deip Green. Gamboge mixed with indigo. A transparent Black. A full Black. Ivory black only. AMERICAN FARMER. in the vicinity of this city, is now agitated by in of Mr. Smythies' letter, that "we have these Sir, I add, that the formation of a Pattern Farm You mention in your preface to the publication been prompted by the magnanimous offer of the of" certain gentlemen of different states, amongst fluential men, with increased zeal This zeal has identical breeds now in our country, in the hands object. In pursuance of which on the 18th inst. Mr. chased last summer in Kentucky some of the breed Hon. STEPHEN VAN RENSSELAER, to give a farm them Mr. Clay, of Kentucky, is named, and that of 200 acres, near this city, well adapted to the their offspring would soon be for sale. I purJesse Buel and myself, accompanied by Generals of Mr. Clay, which I am very partial to, and Van Rensselaer and Dunbar, left this city to ex-did not intend to offer them for sale, but since amine and locate a suitable situation. None how-I read these publications in your paper, I am A white for shading. Sap green, Indian ink, ever has yet been found to unite so many requi-disposed to say that, for a liberal price, I will and indigo very thin. A common White. White flake only. To make the colours work freely, mix them with a small quantity of fish gall. Should the paper shrink, wash the back of the print with alum water, or thin starch. Mechanics' Gazette. land, on which there are a great variety of build-say any thing relative to this breed, as any gensites as the Cantonment at Green Bush, belong-sell, as I have it in my power in a short time ings well adapted to the purpose. The soil is va-tleman disposed to purchase, will make himself ing to the United States, containing 250 acres of to replace them again. It is needless for me to rious, and the surface is diversified with hill and acquainted with their merits and view the catdale. There is a command of sufficient water for tle. I would only refer to the letter of Mr. irrigating experiments-it binds on the turnpike Clay, published in your paper, No. 28 of the 4th AGRICULTURAL SCHOOLS. road leading to Boston, lies high, is healthy, and volume, and the letter of Mr. Pickering, publishIn our last number, we had the pleasure to preaffords a beautiful view of this City and the Hud-ed in No. 23, of the third volume. Of this breed sent to our readers the very interesting Report, permanent, others would answer for the tempo- mer, of a good size, a very handsome and delison River. Several of the buildings may be made I have a very fine cow, five years old next sumrecently made by a committee, to the Legislature rary accommodation of Agricultural students and cate head and neck, pretty complete in all the of New York, upon the important proposition to establish an Agricultural School in that State. for other purposes. This noble and magnanimous points; of a beautiful blood red colour except, the The merits of the plan are so clearly unfolded his annual donation of Five Hundred Dollars, to She is a good milker, and is now 4 months in calf, offer of Mr. Van Rensselaer, in connexion with face, under the breast, belly, &c. which are white. by the Committee, in their Report; that we felt no inclination to add a single reflection to it-title him to the gratitude and respect of the com- mal, two years old last July, of the same colour, the Albany County Agricultural Society, will en by her son Comet, a fine and noble young animuch, and ardently as we wish, to see their views munity, and consign his fair fame to posterity. &c. of his mother, and nearly five feet or fifteen approved and successful. Should his example be followed by men of great hands high, well proportioned. Comet is a cross We had received previous, but private intima-wealth in other states, the practices of Agricul- of the Herefordshire and Teeswater; he was tions of this noble design, and had placed the folture, throughout our happy country, will soon be got by Col. Crockett's celebrated Teeswater lowing letter on file for publication: we now in- governed by rules of art, founded upon the truths Bull, that came out of one of Capt. Smith's imsert it, because it furnishes acceptable details, of science, and give us a commanding stand ported Heifers, and, it is said, he was got in Engand gives us the opportunity to bear our humble among the nations of the world. As highly as I land by a brother to the famous Bull Comet, testimony, to the useful and persevering labours prize the important effects, which will result from that sold there for 1000 guineas. Mr. Clay, in a of an early and zealous advocate of Agricultu- our stupendous canals, I really believe that if this letter to me relative to these cattle, states, that ral, and Internal Improvements. pattern farm should be well endowed, well organi- he sold the above cow when a yearling, for $200 Editor Am. Farmer. zed, and well administered, by men of compe- in specie. If application is made in a short Albany, 26th December, 1822. tent talents and business habits, it would in the time, I will take for Comet and his mother, five DEAR SIR, The multiplication of Agricultural Societies, tion of 400 young men yearly-qualifying them range of 25 years, be found to produce far more hundred dollars. Any communication to me may extensive and more general benefit-considered be directed to Middleburg Post Office, Loudoun and the progress of agricultural improvements in tion of 400 young men yearly-qualifying them in all its bearings; and especially, by the educa-county, Virginia. the United States, offer the highest gratifica-by all the rudiments of substantial and polite American Farmer now publishing, a table for tions to feelings of patriotism. This excitement, which now pervades the exemplary citizens--but ever keeping most ment, which lead me to make some calculations literature, to become honourable, useful and ascertaining the weight of animals by measureI saw in the 24th No. of the volume of the whole country, has given rise at different periods Prominently in view, the chief object of the in order to discover the rule, by which the table to the most useful suggestions in several States.A national Board of Agriculture was first sug test the value of practices which prevail in a busi- taken) the solid feet that the animal is supposed establishment, which should be, to prepare them was made out; and I find, that by squaring the girth gested by the great Washington to Congress in by study and labour to conduct experiments, that and multiplying by the length, (as directed to be 1796. And subsequently, pattern farms were re-ness, that is to be their future employment. In a to contain are ascertained; then multiply that commended by such patriots as Judge Peters and word, to make them by education, labour and ex-duct by 3 lbs. and 356 thousandths, the weight Dr. Mease, of the Philadelphia Agricultural So-perience good practical and scientific farmers.allowed to each foot, and the product will be the ciety. The formation of a State Board of Agri-Thus in the process of a few years our whole weight of the animal-as for example. culture was afterwards urged with great zeal and System of agriculture will be advanced by knowsuccess in the State of New York, so that we may proat least claim the honour of first instituting a ledge and harmonize with the truths of science. Board of Agriculture in America: under the Progress of this important institution will be fully In subsequent communications the objects and sanction of a law passed in 1819. But thus far, I explained. fear the Board has been of little practical utility, and for reasons too delicate perhaps to be unfolded at the present day. Although attended with Considerable expense, it has not fulfilled the pubic expectation-as it has not created any new Excitement. On the contrary, several societies n this State have been abandoned; viz., Cayuga, Respectfully, ELKANAH WATSON. JOHN S. SKINNER, ESQ. Editorial Correspondence. VALUABLE CATTLE FOR SALE. Chenango, &c. Its efforts have only resulted in Rule by which to ascertain the weight of Live Stock from measurement. ne publication of an annual volume, in precise Feet. Inches. 10 6. 4. Girth. 6. 4 2 38 TO PRESERVE BACON SOUND AND AMERICAN FARMER. neighbour takes your paper, and requested me service. J. S. SKINNER, ESQ. Dear Sir,-In the Farmer, volume 3, page 309, you published a communication from Mr. J. W. Lincoln, of Worcester, recommending, that hams, after being smoked should be packed away in oats. I followed his advice last year, and really feel so much indebted to him for the hint, that I must thus publickly thank him; and for the benefit of my neighbours ask you to re-publish his letter. To give you the best proof of the beau-whey. The oily parts constitute the cream, and The component parts of milk are oil, curd and tiful state of preservation secured by this method, the curd makes the cheese. The oily parts, be EDITOR AMERICAN FARMER. SWEET BUTTER. PUBLISHED BY ORDER OF THE STATE. 36 livered from the Pig Point Inspection Warehouse A report of the Tobacco inspected at, and de during the quarter commencing on the sevent day of October, eighteen hundred and twentytwo, and ending on the sixth day of January eighteen hundred and twenty-three. spected. livered. tic not of this growth. Reinspected. Total. state. I send you a ham weighing 113 pounds, you willing specifically lighter than the other parts of find it perfectly fresh, and full of essence-free the substance, ascend to the surface in the form Number infrom all sort of speck or blemish. Those prac-of cream. tising this mode of preserving their bacon free from skippers or taint of any kind, should recol-common practice, are necessary to produce all In winter, four of five days, according to the lect, that the chest or cask, ought to be perfectly the cream of a pan of milk. Such cream from Number detight, and raised about six inches from the ground, this tedious process not unfrequently acquires a and the oats packed in, quite tight. A ham of bitter taste, which is communicated to the butter. this size should be boiled 3 hours at least. And the churning of butter from such cream is We can seldom undertake to speak from sometimes longer, unless hot water be poured into moreover an operation of four or five hours, and experience about recipes, but in this case we can the cream, which invariably injures the butter GASSAWAY PINDELL, Insp. vouch for its accuracy, from reliance both on the by rendering it white and insipid. Pig Point Warehouse. word and the judgment of both the writers. But True copy from the original report on file in it must not be expected that the oats will convert of making butter, and at the same time to imTo shorten the time and to diminish the labour this office. bad bacon into good; all that is promised is that prove its quality, there has been recently estabB. HARWOOD, T. W. S. Md. this will preserve it in statu quo. lished in the Dairy-House of Mr. Ro. Smith's Anne Arundel County, 6th Jan. 1823. Farm, called Orange, an apparatus upon the livered from Herring Creek, Tracy Landing A report of the Tobacco inspected at, and desimplest principles imaginable. During the cold-Warehouse, during the quarter commencing on REMARKS ON THE WEAVIL. est weather in winter, in the course of less than sixth day of October, eighteen hundred and twenIf your friend Isaac Sharpless* will stack or from the cows, sweet cream is produced, greater dred and twenty-three. twenty-four hours after the milk has been taken ty-two, and ending sixth January, eighteen hunbarrack his grain a small distance from his barn, in quantity and richer in quality, than can be and a put few branches of Jamestown weed, on the obtained in the ordinary management in five ground or upon the first round of sheaffs, no weavil days. So rich, indeed, is the cream, that it is will approach it. If, however, it should be attacked churned with as much facility as is the rich cream on the threshing floor, or after putting it in the of the Alderney cows, in the summer season.granary, cover it with slacked lime, and when The operation of churning never exceeds twenty wanted for use run it through the fan and blow five minutes. The butter from such cream has Number inout the lime. pest, colour; and in the nature of things it never can never failed to be of a fine flavour and of a fine fail to be so, unless the dairy woman should be utterly ignorant of the art of making sweet but-Number deter. The process is not a new invention. According to the principles of the system pursued I would recommend puting your clover seed on England, is the most admired. The part of the at Orange, is made the sweet butter which, in your threshing floor, and run your horses on it a course of proceeding, not in commor. use is this:few hours, then run it through your fan, with a The pans, with the milk just taken from the cows, this office. coarse riddle. I am not in favour of sowing on remain until a thin skin of cream is produced. snow, as a sudden thaw, after sowing, you lose They are then placed in hot water, and in about great part of your seed running off in the gutters. 30 minutes thereafter, all the cream, contained in In March, when the ground is frozen in the the milk, is formed on the surface The cream morning, sow as long as the ground will bear a thus obtained is managed as other rich cream man; in the middle of the day the soil is soft is in all well conducted dairies. and every seed beds where it falls-you will find your grass more uniform than any other mode of sowing. Bucks County, 1st Jan. 1823. Domes- Growth tic growth. not of this spect- Total. ed. state. JOHN H. TILLARD, Insp. True copy from the original report on file in B. HARWOOD, T. W. S. Md. 0 DEAR SIR, ARBOR VITÆ. George Town, 21st Dec. 1822. is the great facility of heating the water, the You have them in Baltimore, I know, but not The principal merit of the apparatus* at Orange taining the seeds of the Chinese Arbor Vitæ.I send you by the stage, a small packet con convenient fixture of the vessels containing the in such quantities, as I saved them last year. I same, and the complete exclusion of every particle of the smoke of the fire. can vouch for the quality of the seed, and you will have where with to give your country friends. Respectfully I remain, your obedient servant, them.-Ed. Am. Farmer. JOHN THRELKELD. *To any of whom, we will, with pleasure, give The skimmed milk, consisting of curd and peculiar sweetness, is extremely pleasant to the whey, without any of the buttery parts, has a taste, and is deemed a very wholesome beverage. With this apparatus butter can be made in MILLET. Plough your ground early in April, and harrow it fine, let it lay until 1st June. If weeds appear, harrow again, then plough and wait for rain-as soon as a good rain comes harrow your summer as in winter. ground directly very fire, and sow your seed and Dairy farmers, disposed to adopt this system, roll it twice. I have never failed raising as much may procure the apparatus from Mr. William THE FARMER. BALTIMORE, FRIDAY, FEBRUARY 7, 1823. NAKED BARLEY. Particular attention is due to a short article in this number, which gives "An account of the growth and progress of mealing, malting and farmer thirty years, and and farming like the ceived from the owner of that interesting estab-tracted from Dr. Mease's “Archives of useful A description of this would be thankfully re brewing of NORTHERN NAKED BARLEY"-exlaw, some new case occurs every year. My lishment.-ED. AM. FARmer. Knowledge." Our attention was first drawn to this grain, by HOPE JONATHAN EASTMAN. hibiting, and working these machines, at his a letter from Capt. Henry Hall, of Harford coun- The residence of the subscriber is offered for sale. west of Eutaw-street, for the satisfaction of any manufactory on Market-street, the sixth house ty, accompanied by specimens of the Barley, and of its meal and flour-the first he considered exThis farm is beautifully situated on St. Mi-farmer, who may wish to purchase or to see cellent horse-feed, and of the latter he had made chals river, near its mouth, and adjoining Col-them. All letters directed to him, if post paid, good unleavened bread-which gave rise to a onel Edward Lloyd's Wye House estate. It pos- will be promptly attended to. favourble estimate of its value, that will be more sesses every advantage to be derived from the than confirmed by the very particular experi- salt waters, in an abundance of fine fish, crabs, ments detailed in the "Account" now published. oysters, and wild fowl. The shores are firm and Our own trials of the naked barley have, howe-clean; it has a never failing stream of strong Valuable Property for sale. ver, been but very limited-they have not disclosed chalybeate water, and has ever been remarkably I will offer at public sale, on Friday, the 14th any difference in the straw or in the measure of healthy. The land is fertile, with plentiful re- of March next, at Bowling's Tavern, in Upper the grain; but as a bushel of this yields more sources of manure; and containing about 700 Marlborough, between 30 and 40 valuable SERpure meal than the common barley does, and as acres, 240 of which are well covered with white VANTS, consisting of young men, women and a greater quantity of saccharine matter can of oak and pine Timber. The buildings are sub- children, among them some excellent house sercourse be obtained from it when malted, the stantial and commodious, and in the best state vants. They will be sold only to persons residNaked Barley is certainly entitled to the con- of repair. For terms of payment, which can ing in this state or the District of Columbia, and sideration of our farmers; and those who may be made accommodating, apply to wish to procure some for sowing the ensuing spring, will have an opportunity to do so this h, when Capt. Hall will send some bushels to Baltimore for sale. That the nett profits of most objects upon which agricultural labour is bestowed, are now ROBT. LLD. TILGHMAN, Cylinder Straw Cutters. EASTMAN S PATENT. bushels of corn stalks have been cut with this who purchase with a bona fide intention of keeping them for their own use-from strangers I. shall require satisfactory assurance, that they. will be treated with kindness and humanity. RD. W. WEST. Woodyard, Prince Georges' At the same time, I shall offer for sale about six hundred acres of Land, being part of the Estate on which I reside-175 acres of good much less than formerly, is but too true; but is found to be efficient and durable. Upon farms and the whole will make a very desirable farm These machines have now been fully tested and Woodland, will form a part of the quantity sold, it equally certain that we cannot find new objects near this city they have been used, full 14 months, or plantation. that might be more profitably raised? It must naturally happen in the fluctuations of supply stalks. One of them has been employed at the to cut straw, hay, corn blades, tops, husks and The terms for both the real and personal proand demand, that articles which have for a long time afforded a living profit, will take a the Maryland Agricultural Society, to chaff for be glad to shew the land to any one who may Dairy farm of Robert Smith, Esq. President of on the day of sale, and in the mean time I shall perty above mentioned, will be made known on turn, and for a series of years bring the cultivator of them in debt. And is not this the melancholy/age of every sort, for one hundred head of cattle; desire to purchase it. prospect of persons, who now persist in the cul- and during the last three months eight hundred ture of low priced tobacco? Would they not machine per day.* This invention has been display better judgment by adapting their prac-exhibited to the Maryland, and Pennsylvatices to the change of circumstances?-but how nia Agricultural Societies, been tried by their can they do this, if they never inquire, read and investigate or if they will not become familiar merit, as the best straw cutter.-See No. 41, Vol. committees, and obtained their premiums of Alderney Bull For Sale. with the various products of the earth, as re3, and Nos. 6 and 15, Vol. 4, of this journal. He is 2 years old, from an imported Cow of unspects their nature, value and adaptation to vaIt has at first view, been objected by many per-usually good form, mouse colored, price $100; rious soils and climates? sons that these machines are too costly; but all the owner having two bulls, wishes to sell one. It is a curious fact, that the cultivation of cer- acknowledge when they critically examine them, Enquire of the Editor of the 'American Farmer. tain articles is restricted, as if by a prescription that, the price is as low, as they could be sold at little less operative than legal enactments, to par--for they are of great power, and most substanticular districts and counties. Thus we see that tially built. I would not intentionally make them in our tobacco counties this plant is still raised otherwise, and I am well satisfied, by the past, Red Clover, $8-Timothy, $5-Orchard Grass, for sale at $2 per hundred, by the owners of rich that a liberal public will justly appreciate and $3-and Herds' Grass, $3-all of excellent qualiriver bottoms and swamp lands, who never raised suitably reward the manufacturer of good, sub-ty, received and for sale by the subscriber. for the market a single hog, bullock, fine coach stantial machines. Every part that experience horse, or ton of hay, and who never having sown has shown to be weak, has been so altered as to a grain of barley, appear to think that this crop become perfectly strong; and long continued trihas been given by Heaven as an exclusive boon als, seem now to prove that, in every part, they to Gloucester county in Virginia. casion to regret the expenditure. Red Clover Seed, &c. ELY BALDERSTON, Complete sets of the first, second and third vols. of the AMERICAN FARMER," new and cor rected Editions, can be had of the following per- have been framed to endure the severest usage.-AGENTS FOR THE AMERICAN FARMER. The great advantages that arise from chaffing long forage, make the possession of a substantial and powerful machine, a most desirable object PRICES CURRENT.-CORRECTED WEEKLY. to every enterprising Farmer; and I believe that Flour, best white wheat, $7 25-Howard st. every one who needs, and can afford to purchase Superfine, $6 871-Wharf, do. 6 12 Wheat,e of my cylinder straw cutters, will never have white, $1 35 to 1 40-Red do., $1 30 to 1 32Rye, 71 to 75 cents-Corn, 58 to 60 cts.- I make them of different sizes and consequentOats, 35 to 37 cents- Beef, live cattle, $5 at various prices-the smallest at $45 to $50; W. A. COLMAN, New-York. to $5 50 per cwt.-Beef, 8 cents per lb. he next size at $60, these are easily worked by WELLS & LILLEY, Boston. -Bacon, round, 10 to 11 cts.-Pork $4 50 man-and the largest at $100, to be worked by WM. F. GRAY, Fredericksburg. to 5 50 per c lb. 6 to 8 cts. per lb.-Mutton, 5 horse, this will cut from 4 to 5 tons per day, and PETER COTTOM, Richmond, Va. to 6 cts. per lb.-Beans, $1 37 to 150-Peas, he others from 70 to 100 bushels per hour.-RICHARD COTTOM, Petersburg. black eyed, 55 to 60 cts.-Red Clover Seed, $8-They are all furnished with a revolving, leather E. THAYER, Charleston, S. C. Orchard Grass do. $3-Herds' Grass do. $3-feeding apron, except the lowest priced; and du JOSEPH GALES, Raleigh, N. C. Timothy do. $5-Millet, $2-Flax Seed, 75 to 80 plicate sets of knives are furnished when re- W. F. REDDING, special agent, now journeycts.-Whiskey, from the wagons, 32 to 34 cts. quired at 5 to $6 per pair. When the machines ing through the Southern States. per gal.-Apple brandy, 30 to 32 cts.-Peach do., are to be taken to places very distant from th The fourth volume, now publishing, can be 65 to 70 cts.-Shad, none in market-Herrings, manufactory, duplicate sets of knives should al-forwarded to any part of the United States, on No. 1, $3 62 per bbl.-No. 2, $3 37-Fine ways be taken with them. Printed instructions application being made, by letter or otherwise, to salt 80 to 90 cts. per bush.-Coarse, do. 75- for putting the machines up, and keeping them Butter, 20 to 25 per lb.-Eggs, 25 cts. per doz. in order, are sent with the machines. -Turkeys, 75 cts. to $1-Geese, 374 to 50 cts And the maker will ever, take pleasure in ex Chickens, $1 50 per doz.-Straw, $12 50 to 13 per ton-Hay, $17. * This great quantity is reduced in bulk by MARYLAND TOBACCO-No alteration in prices, steaming about two thirds. J. S. SKINNER, Baltimore. Printed every Friday at 84 per annum, for JOHN S. SKINNER Edr tor, by JOSEPH ROBINSON, at the North West corner of Market and Belvidere streets. Balinor; where every description of Book and Job Printing is executed with neatness and despatch-Orders from a distance for Printing or Binding, with proper directions promptly attended to, addressed to J. Robinson, Baltimore. |