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85. In 1809 it had risen to between 200 and 300; n 1819 20, it had increased to 400; and, by the last return, it appeared, that, in 1827, 661 persons had been committed for trial. He was in clined to think that the great increase of crime, particularly in the west of Scotland, was attributable, in no small degree, to the number of Irish who daily and weekly arrived there. He did not mean to say that the Irish themselves were in the habit of committing more crime than their neighbors; but he was of opinion, that their numbers tended to reduce the price of labor, and that an increase of crime was the consequence. Another cause was the great disregard manifested by parents for the moral education of their children. Formerly the people of Scotland were remarkable for the paternal care which they took of their offspring. That had ceased in many instances to be the case. Not only were parents found who did not pay attention to the welfare of their children, but who were actually parties to their criminal pursuits, and participated in the fruits of their unlawful proceedings. When crime was thus on the increase, it was necessary to take measures for its speedy punishment. The great city of Glasgow, which contained 150,000 inhabitants, and to which his proposed measure was meant chiefly to apply, stood greatly in need of some additional jurisdiction. This would appear evident, when it was considered that the court met there for the trial of capital offences, had also to act in the districts of Renfrew, Lanark, and Dumbarton. In 1812, the whole number of criminals tried in Glasgow was only 31; in 1820, it was 83; in 1823, it was 85; and in 1827, 211. The learned lord concluded by moving for leave to bring in a bill to authorize an additional circuit court of justiciary to be held at Glasgow, and to facilitate criminal trial in Scotland.'

INDEX.

ACQUISITIVENESS, 52, 62, 70, 78, 345.
Adhesiveness, 52, 60, 74.
Alis, Mr., on the easy childbirths
among the lower orders, 371.
Amativeness, 51, 6, 77, 115, 345.
America, evils anticipated from slavery
in the U. States of, 253. Cruelties of
the Spaniards in, 256. Penitentia-
ries in, 285.
American Indians, character of the, 171.
American war, 245.
Animals, their constitution compared
with that of man, 1, 3, 42, 110. He-
reditary transmission of their quali-
ties, 158, 423, 425. Punishment in-
flicted by them on each other, 269, et
seq.

Aristides's advice as to the burning of
the Grecian ships, 246.

Aristocracy, source of the unhappiness
of the, 239.

Barometer, its utility in foretelling
storms, 301.

Barrow, Dr., his interpretation of Reve-
lation in connection with Nature, 333.
Benevolence, sentiment of, 52, 67, 79.
Bible, divisions of, 344. Contains nu-
merous descriptions of human charac-
ter, ib. Teaches that different talents
are given to different individuals, 349.
Blackstone on the laws of nature, 368.
Bonaparte's mother, a woman of supe-
rior talent and courage, 163.
Brahmins, their children naturally supe-
rior to those of other Hindoo castes,
153.
Brain the organ of the mind, 122. Ne-
cessity of exercising it, 122, et seq. Its
form and qualities transmissible from
parents to children, 155, 269, 311, 421.
By improving the brain we may im-
prove human character, 334
Breeding of live stock, 377.
Bridgewater bequest, 20.
Britain too exclusively manufacturing
and commercial, 231, 238. Corruption
of her government arising indirectly
from the slave trade, 242. Strictures
on her conduct in entering on the
American war, 245. Her national debt
the punishment of foolish wars, 249.
Brown, Dr. John, of Haddington, his
complaint about the repeal of penal
statutes against witches, 342.
Butler, Bishop, on the government of
God, 30. On the supremacy of con-
science, 43. On the extent to which

suffering results from our own con
duct, 288. His interpretation of Re-
velation in connection with Nature,
332.

Caldwell, Dr. Charles, 285, 287
Cantiousness, 52, 66, 90.
Chalmers, Dr., on the means of human
improvement, 102.

Childbirth, pains of, 119, 371.
Children, resemblance of, to their pa
rents, 152, et seq., 373. See Heredi-
tary transmission.
Christianity has proved itself insuffi
cient, while unaided by physical sci-
ence,to produce moral conduct among
men, 335. Practical Christianity, how
to be realized, 234.

Christians, primitive, charged with
atheism and impiety, 330.
Circassian brain, 162.

Clergy, their zeal in persecuting and
tormenting witches, 341. Ought they
to teach the natural as well as reveal-
ed laws of God? 364. See Religion.
Clerks, evils arising from a bad choice
of, 182.

Combination laws, 226.
Combativeness, 51, 62.
Commercial prosperity and distress,227,
311, 390.

Conscientiousness, 53, 68, 81.
Constitution of man, general view of
the, and its relations to external ob-
jects, 1.

Constructiveness 52, 78.
Cowper on the punishment of the Span-
iards for their cruelties in America
257.

Crime, origin of, 276. How to be pre-
vented, 277. Increase of, in Scotland,

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Edinburgh, great fires in, 295. Edin-
burgh Association for procuring Sci-
entific Instruction, 388.
Education, Dr. Chalmers on its power to
improve the human race, 102. Utility
of, 124. Classical and scientific com-
pared, 214. Utility of phrenology in
relation to, 353. What it ought to be,
362. State of, in Wurtemberg, 382.
Eggs of hens, 376.
Emancipation of the Negro slaves, 252,

255.

Erskine on the laws of nature, 368.

Ebenezer, his account of the
despondency of his wife, 142.
Evil. See Misery.

Excise laws, their oppressive and unjust
operation fifty years ago, 243.
Exercise indispensable to happiness, 47,
84, et seq. 122, 2:32.

Expediency and justice always accord-
ant, 232.

Faculties of man, summary of the, 51, 58,
et seq. Compared with each other, 55.
Compared with external objects, 77.
Fall of man, 14, et seq. 188.

Fire, benefits accruing from its proper
use, and evils from its misapplication,

263.

Fires in Edinburgh in 1824, causes of,
295.

Firmness, one of the faculties, 53, 82.
Flint's account of the American In-
dians, 171.

Food, relation of, to climate, 48.
French Revolution, 250. Philosophers
of the, 369.

Friends, faithless, 61.
Friendship, 60, 74.
Future state, 24, 201, 208

Geology, truths revealed by, 4, 186.
Scripture geology, 329.

Germany, burning of witches in, 338.
State of the lower orders in, 381.
Education in, 382.

Globe, progressively adapted for the re-
ception of man, 4, 186.
God, existence and attributes of, dis-
coverable from his works, 1, 79. Pro-
fessor Sedgwick and Bishop Butler on
his government, xii. 30. Locke on
his benevolence and justice, 109.
Principles on which his laws seem to
be instituted, 262.

Government, ought it to interfere with
industry? 236.

Gravitation, law of, results of obedience
to, and neglect of, 44, 110, 314.
Gregory, Drs. James and John, on the
hereditary transmission of mental
qualities, 153.

Happiness, how attainable, 8, 9, 84, 206.
Why so little advance has been made
in the pursuit of, 101. Influence of the
natural laws on that of individuals,
313.

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Hare, murderer, engraving of his head
147.
Harmonious gratification of the facul-
ties necessary to happiness, 59, 71, 95
Head, different forms of, 145. See Brain
Phrenology.

Health, prerequisites of, 46, 47, 117.
Hens, their eggs how made to vary in
size, 376.

Hereditary transmission of bodily and
mental qualities, 119, 152, et seq. 275
311, 320, 372; and of acquired habits,
158, 375. Advantage of crossing the
breed, 181.

History exhibits man progressively im-
proving, 10, 222.

Honesty the best policy, 248.
Hope, sentiment of, 53, 67, 80.
Human nature. See Man. Constitu
tion of Man.

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James I. of England, his pusillanimity
accounted for, 163.

Jesus Christ, offices of, 344.
Johnson, Samuel, on the evils arising
from hasty marriages, 151.
Jury trial in Scotland, errors in the

mode of conducting it pointed out, 292.
Justice always in accordance with ex-
pediency, 246. Defective administra
tion of, 288.

Knowledge, acquisition of, agreeable,
86. Happiness advances with, 104.
Knowledge of science necessary for
rightly interpreting Scripture, 325, et
seq.

Labor, man intended for, 49, 232. Evils
arising attending its excess, 224, 230
390.

Lawrence, Mr., on the easy child births
of savages, 372.

Laws of nature, 29. Three great classes
of, 21, 32. Their independence, 21, 34
Definition of the term. 2. Obedience
to each rewarded, and neglect punish
ed, 34. Universal, invariable, and un-
bending, ib. In harmony with the
whole constitution of man, 35. Ap-
plication of, to the practical arrange.
ments of life, 97. Punishment inflict-
ed under the, 260. Instituted for the
benefit of created beings, 362. Moral
advantages of punishment under
them, 287. Their combined opera
tion, 292. Their influence on the hap
piness of individuals, 313. Extracts
from authors who have treated of, 367
Logislation, utility of Phrenology in re-
!ation to 354.

Life love of, 51, 60, 198. Duration of, | Montesquieu on the laws of nature 367
Increasing, 202, 383. Plan of, 97.
Locke on the objects of divine punish-
ments, 109.

Love of Approbation, 52, 64, 78.
Love thy neighbor as thyself,' 105.
Lyon, Captain, unsuccessful result of
his attempt to reach Repulse Bay
traced to its causes, 302.

Machinery, anticipated moral effects
from employment of, in manufac-
tures, 232.

Maclaren, Charles, on the diminution
of mortality in England, 383.
Malthus's principle of population, 220.
Man, doctrine of the fall of, 14, et seq.
Man considered as a physical being,
43; as an organized being, 46; as an
animal, moral, and intellectual being,
47. Intended for activity, 47, 84, 232.
Summary of his mental faculties, 51,
58, et seq. These compared with each
other, 55, and with external objects,
77. Á progressive being, 10, 103. Ap-
parently but in the infancy of his ex-
istence, 106. Slowness of his pro-
gress, 236

Manufacturing population, source of
miseries of the, 224, 390.
Marriage, 59, 119, 232, et seq. Miseries
arising from neglect of the organic
laws in, 177. Prohibited before the
age of twenty-five in Wurtemberg,
383.
Melancthon, engraving of his head, 149.
-'s opinion of the laws of God,

348.
Mind, represented in Scripture as liable
to commit every species of wicked-
ness-and possessing moral qualities,
347.

Miseries of mankind, how far referrible
to infringements of the laws of nature,
109.

Misery and evil, sources of, particular-
ly mentioned in this work.-Ill sorted
and too early marriages, 59, 119, 146,
150, 168, 177, 180, 374. Ignorance,
97, 130. Breach of the physical laws,
*112, 303. Idleness, 126, 239. Filth,
and impurity of air, 128. Ignorance
of the organic laws, or physiology,
134, 139, 140, 215, 265. Bad choice
of servants, clerks, partners, and
agents, 182, 218. Rash mercantile
speculation, 215. Mistaken choice of
a profession, 215. Excess of popala-
tion, 220. Too severe and long con-
tinued labor, 231. Oscillations of
trade and manufactures, 237. Na-
tional selfishness and unjust wars,
240-259. The slave trade, 242, 253.
Errors in the mode of conducting
Jury trials, 293; and in the proceed-
ings of Judges in the Circuit Courts,
294. Scotch and English hostility,
294. Selfishness in captains of ships,

299.

Moral laws, 21, 33. Calamities arising
from their infringement, 203.
Moral sentiments and intellect, supre
macy of the, 55.

Moral science outstripped by physical,

· 257.

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wars absurd, 246.

debt of Britain the result of her
wars, 249.
Natural Laws. See Laws of Nature.
Navigation, dangers of, 218.
Negro slavery, 242, 253.
Nervous energy, 125.

New doctrines often charged with im
piety, 330.

New Hollanders, 170.
New Zealanders, their excellent health,
117. Prognosticate storms, 301.

Operatives, causes of their depressed
condition, 224, 390.

Opium, benefits accruing from its pro-
per, and evils from its improper, use,
265.

Optimism, 4, 37.
Organic laws, 21, 32. Evils that befal.
mankind from infringing them, 115,
214, 315.

Organized being, man considered as an,
46.

Owen, Mr., 101.

Pain, utility of, 267.

Paley on the contrivances in creation,

37.

Parliamentary reform, 252.
Partners, evils arising from a bad choice
of, 192, 219.

Paul, St., his doctrines in harmony with
Phrenology, 348.
Penitentiaries, 285.
Pestilence, 128.

Philoprogenitiveness, 51, 58, 70, 77
Phrenology, ix. 18, 105, 150, 183, et seg.
204-5, 275, 333. Human facultie
according to, 51. Practical utility o
343.

Physical laws, 21, 32. How man may
be placed in accordance with them
43. Calamities arising from their in
fringement, 110.

Physiology ought to be generally studi
ed, 120.

Piutarch, on the children of drunken
parents, 373.
Politics, utility of phrenology in relation
to, 353,

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Safety-lamps, 130.

Savages, easy child-births among, 372.
Science, physical has far outstripped
moral, 257. Relation between science
and scripture, 325. Progress of scien-
tific discovery, 107.
Scotland, persecution of witches in,
339. Increase of crime in, 391.
Scripture, interpretation of, 15, 24.
Relation between, and phrenology,
344. Agreement between, 349. A
knowledge of science necessary for
correctly interpreting it, 325, et seq.
Its meaning appears different to differ-
ent minds, 325.

Seamen, Captain Murray's mode of pre-
serving the health of, 136.
Seceders, their solemn complaint as to
the repeal of penal statutes against
witches, 342.

Becretiveness, 50, 63, 78, 345.
Sedgwick, Professor, on God's govern-
ment of the world by general laws,
ii. On scripture and science, 328.
Self-esteem, 52, 63, 78, 345.
Servants, choice of, 182, 219.
Sheep, acquired habits hereditary in,
159

Sheridan, R. B., 61. Engraving of his
head, 148.

Shipwreck from neglect of the natura
laws, 298, 310.

Sickness, amount of, at different ages
196..

Slave-trade, corruption of the British
government indirectly flowing from
the, 242, 253.

Slavery in the United States, evils anti-
cipated from, 253.

Social law, calamities from infringe
ment of the, 217.

Society, anvantages resulting from, 217
Spaniards punished under the natural
laws for their cruelties in America,
256.

Spurzheim on the natural laws, vii.
St. Pierre on death, 191, 193.
Stevenson, Mr. W. B. on the colors of
mixed American breeds, 378.
Stewart's classification of the active
and moral powers, 345.

Storms at sea, often prognosticable, 300,
et seq.

Stuarts, hereditary character of the, 153
Supremacy of the moral sentiments and
intellect, 43, 55, 351. Happiness aris
ing therefrom, 210.

Tell, William, 260.
Truth, slow progress of, 285.

Vaccination, diminution of mortality
by, 385.
Vanity, 64.

Veneration, 53, 67, 79.

Ventilation and health, 46, 293.
Virtue conducive to happiness, 16.
Volney on the laws of nature, 369.

Wages, lowness of, 224, 234, 390.
War, the American, 245. Wars absurd,
246. French revolutionary war, 250.
National punishment for engaging in
wars, ib.

Wealth, engrossing pursuit of, 215, 231,
237.

Whately, Archbishop, on scripture and
science, 326.

Williams, murderer, engraving of his
head, 147.

Witches, appalling atrocities perpetrat
ed against them in Germany 3:38.
England, ib. and Scotland, 339.
Women, their pains in child-birth, 118,

371.

Wonder, sentiment of, 53, 68, 80.
Wurtemburg, law in, rendering educa
tion indispensable, and prohibiting
marriage before the age of twenty
five, 382.

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