and the other instruments used in civil engineering. The students in this department are also taught mechanical drawing, and the theories of the construction of bridges, railroads, turnpikes, etc., and the various styles and kinds of archi

tecture.

Practical instruction in military drill in the school of the soldier, and that of the company, is also furnished in this department. Those in this military school drill twice a week, which, in addition to giving them a knowledge of the manual of arms and military tactics, tends greatly to promote their physical development, giving them a graceful bearing, as well as firmness of muscle and general good health.

Seventh-The school of the Latin Language and Literature, Amzi Atwater, A. M., professor. In this school are taught Latin composition, and the elements and structure of the Latin language, and the following classical authors are read, viz.: Cicero, Horace, and Tacitus; Roman antiquities and mythology are also studied.

Before entering this department, the student must have mastered the preparatory course in Latin, consisting of Latin grammar, the elementary exercises of rendering Latin into English, and English into Latin; Latin reader, Latin prose composition, Cesar, and Virgil. Direct reference is had constantly to intellectual discipline which the study of the classics furnishes the student, and to perfect him in his command of the powers and resources of his vernacular tongue.

Eighth-The department of English Literature and Elocution, Geo. W. Hoss, LL. D., professor, and Sarah A. Morrison, A. M., assistant professor of English Literature. In this school are taught English composition, rhetoric, philosophy of rhetoric, logic, criticism, sentential analysis, English literature, art of discourse and elocution. In logic, rhetoric and art of discourse, practice, as well as theory is required. Especial attention is given throughout the course in this department to criticisms in English; and in the daily recitations and exercises, every effort is made to render these studies of practical utility to the student, in giving him perfect command of the English language. Classes are formed in elocu

tion, and daily lessons are given in vocal culture and delivery. Ninth-The school of Modern Languages and History. In this department are taught German grammar, German composition, the translation of German into English, and of English into German; French grammar and composition, and the translation of French into English, and of English into French. The students daily practice conversation in these languages in connection with the professor. The most distinguished German authors are read; and selections from the best French writers are read and translated. General history, ancient and modern, is studied, with daily recitations throughout the freshman year.

Tenth-The preparatory school, Walter B. Houghton, A. M., and Miss S. May, professors. In this department are taught English grammar, arithmetic, geography, orthography, sentential analysis, English composition, history of the United States, book-keeping, algebra, (elementary and higher), geometry, Latin grammar, Latin reader, Latin prose composition, Cesar, Virgil, and Cicero's orations.

A change has recently been made in the studies requisite for admission to the freshman class in the university. One year more of mathematics, and one year less of Greeks are now required in the preparatory course. This modification adapts the collegiate course of the university to the course of study in the best class of high schools in the State. The student who completes the high school course and passes satisfactory examinations, is entitled to enter the freshman class in the university without further examinations; and he is not compelled, as heretofore, to spend two years in some private academy or preparatory department of some college, in order to bring up his studies in Greek. Thus the public system of education of Indiana is consolidated and harmonized; and a complete gradation of schools is established, in accordance with the provisions of the State constitution, from the primary, intermediate, and high school, to the university, in all of which, tuition is free.

Eleventh State geological, mineralogical and agricultural reconnoissance, Edward T. Cox, A. M., State geologist. By

an act of the general assembly, passed in 1861, the State geologist is made, ex officio, a member of the faculty of the Indiana State University, and one of the stated lecturers. He is also required to present to the cabinet of the university a duplicate of all the specimens in geology and mineralogy collected in the State of Indiana.

Twelfth The Law School. Faculty: Cyrus Nutt, D. D. LL. D., president; Hon. B. E. Rhodes, A. M., and Hon. Cyrus F. McNutt, law professors.

This department now occupies the commodious and beautiful room prepared for it in the new edifice, just completed. The course of instruction begins on the seventeenth of September, and closes on the last Thursday before the fourth of July in each year. The year is divided into three sessions corresponding to the sessions of the collegiate department. Moot courts are held every Wednesday and Saturday, in which all the students are exercised in the preparation of papers and pleadings, the rules of practice, forms of record and in the discussion of legal questions. Tuition is free for all. The contingent fee is three dollars per session. Students of the law department are allowed to attend lectures and recitations in the university, under the direction of the faculty of arts. Students receive the degree of bachelor of laws after an attendance of not less than two years, provided they pass the requisite examinations. Connected with this department, there is a large and valuable law library, containing the works of the best writers upon jurisprudence, together with English reports, and the reports of the supreme court of the United States, and the reports of the supreme courts of most of the States. To this library the students have free access.

If we have made a longer chapter on the Indiana State University than its importance, compared with other interests of the State, demands, we have done so in the hope that it may awaken a more general interest in its welfare. This is much needed. The medical department of the university is located in Indianapolis, and will receive due notice in our sketch of Marion county, in a succeeding chapter.

CHAPTER LXII.

H

HENRY COUNTY

· HISTORICAL AND DESCRIPTIVE

ENRY county was first settled in 1818-19. In the latter year Asahel Woodard, Andrew Shannon, Allen Shepherd, a Mr. Whittinger, David Cray, George Hobson, and Wm. Shannon, settled in what is now Henry township. Mr. Woodard erected his log cabin just north of the site of the present town of New Castle, within a few yards of his residence. The Whittingers and Mr. Cray built a "log residence" not many yards from the site where Joshua Holland's house was afterwards erected. Allen Shepherd settled nearly two miles north by east of New Castle, on what was afterwards known as the Huddleson farm, and his "elegant residence,* erected fifty-five years ago is still standing." Andrew Shannon located just north of Shepherd, and near the present site of the Hernley mills. George Hobson settled on the farm afterwards owned by Judge Elliott, about a mile and a half southwest of New Castle. William Shannon settled on what was afterwards known as the Holloway farm, four miles southwest of New Castle. Following these came Joseph Hobson, who settled near the Elliott farm, two miles southwest of New Castle. It was at his house that the first county courts were held. "George Hobson, Andrew Shannon, Mr. Whittinger, and D. Cray," says Mr. Pleas, "brought their families with them, and made their cages afterwards. Mrs. Ashel Woodard and Mrs. William Shannon arrived on the thirty-first of July following, and Mr. Woodard planted about two acres of corn, the first crop, he thinks, ever raised by a white man in this county. He planted an old Indian field or clearing, and although culti

*From Mr. Pleas' narrative.

vated with the hoe alone, he thinks he never saw such corn before or since." Thus was commenced the settlement of Henry county. The record is a simple one, yet full of meaning, and the same plain story can be told of the first settlement of nearly every county in the State. These were the pioneers of pioneers - those who felled the first trees of the forest, and tilled the first patch of ground, and built the first rude log cabins; and then there were the other pioneers who followed and increased the settlement, bringing with them new hopes, new ideas, new energies, new resolutions that braced up the weary original settlers. Then there were the long, cold, cheerless winters, with a scarcity of clothing and provisions; with sick infant children, that were often laid away, after death, in the snow-covered earth, with only the little mound to mark their graves among the tall trees; with absent husbands and fathers, and lonesome nights, when the beating hearts of foreboding wives and mothers longed for the return of paternal footsteps, or chilled as the dismal howl of the hungry wolf floated on the midnight winds. And then there were toiling men, brave men, and indeed great men, the greatest men this State has ever had-pioneer men-who through the "dark days" of want, privation, hardship and peril, worked on, and opened the way for the glorious civilization that followed them so closely. Such was pioneer life in Indiana, and it is scarcely necessary to repeat the same story in these short county sketches.

Henry county was organized by an act of the legislature, adopted in February, 1821. Lawrence Brannon, and John Bell, of Wayne county, John Sample, of La Fayette, Richard Biem, of Jackson, and J. W. Scott, of Union, were appointed as commissioners, to meet at the house of Joseph Hobson on the first Monday in July, 1821, for the purpose of locating the county seat. The first county election was held in 1822, and resulted in the election of the following officers: Jesse H Healy, sheriff; Reme Julian, clerk and recorder; Thos. R. Stanford, and Elisha Long, associate judges; Allen Shepherd, Wm. Shannon, and Samuel Goble, commissioners.

New Castle was chosen the county seat of Henry county,