Plant Variation and EvolutionCambridge University Press, 1997 M11 13 - 512 páginas Natural populations of plants show intricate patterns of variation. European botanists of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries used this variation to classify different "kinds" into a hierachy of family, genus, and species. Although useful, these classifications were based on a belief in the fixity of species and the static patterns of variation. Darwin's theory of evolution changed this view; populations and species varied in time and space and were part of a continuing process of evolution. The development of molecular techniques has transformed our understanding of microevolution and the evolutionary history of the flowering plants. This revised, extended edition describes the historical background to plant variation studies and considers the remarkable insights that molecular biology has recently given into the processes of evolution in populations of cultivated, wild and weedy species; the threats of extinction faced by many endangered species and the wider evolutionary history of the flowering plants as revealed by cladistic methods. |
Contenido
From Ray to Darwin | 7 |
Other types of distribution | 41 |
Correlated variation | 48 |
PostDarwinian ideas about evolution | 80 |
Modern views on the basis of variation | 88 |
Modern techniques used in studying genetic variation | 103 |
Use of DNA in studies of variation | 111 |
Phenotypic plasticity | 120 |
Microevolution in arable areas | 250 |
Concluding remarks | 257 |
Gradual speciation and hybridisation | 270 |
Abrupt speciation | 309 |
The species concept | 361 |
some general considerations | 367 |
confronting the extinction of species | 399 |
The role of protected areas in countering the threat | 423 |
Infraspecific variation and the ecotype concept | 167 |
Recent advances in genecology | 208 |
Lotus | 229 |
Reciprocal transplant experiments | 237 |
Coselection in swards | 244 |
Manipulating and creating populations of endangered | 428 |
Glossary | 434 |
499 | |
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Términos y frases comunes
AABB alleles allopolyploid angiosperms animals apomictic apomixis areas behaviour biological species biologists Botanic Gardens botanists breeding systems Cambridge Chapter characters chloroplast chromosome numbers cladistic classification complex conservation considered crossing cultivation cyanogenic Darwin diploid discovered dispersal distribution Ecology ecotypes effects enzymes evidence evolution evolutionary examined example experimental experiments extinction F₁ factors fertile fertilisation flora flowering plants frequency gametes gene flow genera genetic variation genome genotype genus groups habitats haploid Heredity heterostyly hybridisation hybrids hypothesis important individuals instance introgression investigations isolation isozymes Journal of Botany leaf Linnaeus London markers meiosis Mendel molecular morphological mutation natural selection normal occur origin outcrossing pairing parent patterns of variation phenotype phylogenetic Phytologist pollen polymorphic polyploid populations possible produced progeny reproduction revealed samples seed self-fertilisation self-incompatibility sexual soil Soltis speciation sterile studies suggested taxa taxonomists taxonomy tetraploid tion triploid Turesson University Press variability vegetative vulgaris wild
Referencias a este libro
Ecological Genetics: Design, Analysis, and Application Andrew Lowe,Stephen Harris,Paul Ashton Sin vista previa disponible - 2004 |