Mr. Von Waxel, Imperial Russian Aulic Counsellor, Fellow of the Imperial Academy of Sciences at Petersburg, &c. who during his residence in the Crimea, in the year The first three Numbers of a new medical review and 1797 and 1798 succeeded in formning a very valuable collec magazine, have lately been published at Paris, under the tion of ancient coins, inscriptions, and various other antititle" Bibliotheque médicale ou Recueil périodique d'ex-quities found in that once celebrated country, has lately traits des meilleurs ouvrages de Médecine et Chirurgie." The professed object of the editors is to give a correct account of the present state of medical knowledge, to acquaint the reader with every interesting new publication in the department of medicine, to analyze the most esteemed and most recent works, such as those of Bichat, Pinel, Boyer, &c. and to collect in a brief, yet faithful abstract all the useful results they contain.

narrative of the three memorable campaigns, in which the Duke of Cumberland and Archduke Charles of Lorrain, were opposed to a "Marechal de Saxe" the reader cannot but be struck by the truth of the following remark of a French poet, which the author very properly has chosen for his motto:

"L' inexpérience indocile

Du compagnon de Paul Emile

Fit tout le succès d'Annibal."

Dr. W. G. Ploucquet, has published at Tubingen, "Initia bibliotheca Medica Practice et Chirurgica realis; sive continuatio et supplementa initiorum bibliothecæ ;" This is the twelfth and last volume of a work, which in point of comprehensiveness and variety of interesting inmation, both theoretical and practical, stands unrivalled in

the annals of medical literature.

Vierweg, at Brunswick, has lately published-" Almanac des Ambassadeurs, &c. Pur J. P. Wedekind." Under an alphabetical arrangement of towns beginning with Acre and ending with Zea, this useful compilation contains a correct list of all diplomatic characters actually employed on the first of June last; the changes which have since taken place or shall occur hereafter, are to be noticed in periodical supplements, to be published from time to time. Although a first attempt of this nature cannot be expected to be altogether perfect, yet this almanack far excels in point of comprehensiveness and correctness, even in its present state, Wetstein's Tablettes de tous les ministres publics," published at Amsterdam, 75 years ago, and for some time continued at the Hague, by Rousset, but afterwards discontinued.

SCIENTIFIC.

On Wednesday, Nov. 30, (St. Andrew's Day,) the Royal Society held their anniversary meeting at their apartments in Somerset-place, when the gold medal (called Sir Godfrey Copley's) was presented to Richard Chenevix, Esq. for his various chemical papers communicated to the Society, and printed in the Philosophical Transactions.

Afterwards the Society proceeded to the choice of the council and officers for the ensuing year, when, on examining the ballots, it appeared that the following Gentlemen

were elected of the council:

The 14th volume of the Archæologia is just ready for publication. Mr. Bray, is the newly chosen Treasurer of the Antiquarian Society.

The Aurora Borealis, or northern lights, which have scarcely occurred in the last 8 or 9 years, have re-appeared, and were particularly distinguished in the neighbourhood of Norwich, on the night of Tuesday, the 29th ult. The light was not variable, as it usually is, and of the different prismatic colours, but of a pale gold-colour, frequently approaching to the white. The form was sometimes round, but generally resembled the tail of a comet. About 2 p. 8 south of Lyra, and below it, a bright coloured meteor, resembling Jupiter, was observed for eight or ten seconds; and another occurred an hour afterwards. These, and lightning, appeared southerly, and seemed to approach the several meteors, called shooting stars, and some faint magnetic meridian. Their lustre must have been very considerable, as it was not effaced by that of the moon, which had passed the full.

Delalande has presented to the Institute, a new thermometer, the degrees of which appear to him more conformable to physical laws, more natural, and more convenient than that of Réaumur. He places the cypher at 9} degrees and substitutes 31 for 26.-He remarks that the Numbers 30 and 40 are the degrees of heat in summer, and of cold in winter; 30 for moderate summers and mild winters; and 40 for very hot summers and severe winters.

St. Petersburg, October 10, 1803. The following memorial was presented to his Imperial Majesty, from Doctor Churchman, fellow of the Academy of Sciences in this city, after which follows a letter by the direction of the Emperor, from his Excellency Chamberlain Novossitzoff, President of the Academy of Sciences,

Privy-Counsellor, Chevalier of the Order of St. Wolodi

mar, and Secretary of State for the Department of New
Discoveries.

To the Most Serene and Most Potent Emperor Alexander,
Autocrat of all the Russias, &c. &c.

The Memorial of JOHN CHURCHMAN,
Humbly and respectfully Sheweth,

That the first and second editions of the Magnetic Atlas published, and he has since made an improvement upon were sent to the Imperial Academy soon after they were his universal variation chart, by drawing curve lines through Of the Old Council.-The Right Hon. Sir Joseph those places where the variation is equal, which has already Banks, Bart. K. B. Sir C. Blagden, Knt. H. Cavendish, been adopted by many navigators in different parts of the Esq. Edw. Whitaker Gray, M.D. Right Hon. C. Greville, world, and found nearly to agree with actual observations, C. Hatchett, Esq. W. Marsden, Esq. Rev. Nevil Maske-by which the latitude and variation being truly known, the lyne, D.D. George Earl of Morton, K.T. J. Planta, Esq. Benjamin, Count of Rumford.

Of the New Council.-Geo. Aust, Esq. Alexander, Duke of Gordon; George Pretyman, Lord Bishop of Lincoln; Richard Anthony Salisbury, Esq. William Saunders, M.D. Matthew Smith, Esq. Edward Adolphus, Duke of Somerset; John Walker, Esq. Rev. Stephen Weston, B.D. Glocester Wilson, Esq.

And the Officers are, the Right Hon. Sir Joseph Banks, Bart. K.B. President; William Marsden, Esq. Treasurer; Joseph Planta, Esq. Edw. Whitaker Gray, M. D.

Secretaries.

longitude may be ascertained; his bookseller will certainly supply the Imperial College of the Admiralty, with the quantity of six hundred variation charts, if required.

The undersigned memorialist would beg leave to remark that Professor Euler, late President of the academy, in his letters to her Highness the Princess Anhalt-Dassau, writes in favour of these principles being best applicable at sea,. although he has signified that the world at that time was not in possession of sufficient observations, to draw final conclusions.

In the third edition of the Magnetic Atlas, are a multitude of historical facts concerning the gradual encroachment The Utrecht Society of the Arts and Sciences has pro- of the ocean upon the land and the contrary, insomuch posed the following prize-question for the 1st October, 1805. that about two millions of acres are calculated to be gained "As by the most recent experiments and observacious from the sea throughout the globe in a year, and as much an electricity, the electric eel [Gymnotus electricus, Linn.] lost; for the land is found to gain at present, particularly and the Galvanic power seem to indicate the closest resem- round many islands in the wide Pacific Ocean. The underblance, as to their nature, and yet the most striking diver-signed memorialist begs leave to suggest an idea, that the sity in their effects, the Society requires a perspicuous coinparative description of these powers and their effects, founded on experiments. The prize is a gold medal 30 ducat; in value.

cause of the rising and falling of the ocean, and of the variation of the compass, may have a connection; which cause is hinted at in the sixth chapter entitled hypothesis. concerning, magnetie tides, which, however extraordinary

cannot be sufficiently praved without undertaking a voyage for that purpose, the expence of which would fall heavy on an individual.

By the laws of nations, new-found lands are judged to belong to that monarch, whose subject makes the first discovery, and it may be a question whether the discovery of the laws by which lands are gradually gained from the sea, may not amount to the same thing. August 3, 1802, SIR,

(Answer.)

Having presented your petition to his Imperial Majesty, I am directed to assure you, that it is with regret he hears of your disappointment, in not being able to accompany the expedition to America. He at the same time desired me to inform you, that the cause of it is entirely to be attributed to the company, who had so overloaded the ships, that even when lying in the road and ready to sail, they were obliged to disembark nineteen persons, not having sufficient room or accommodation for them, his Imperial Majesty has also been graciously pleased to give orders that there should be paid to you the sum of ducats, as a mark of his consideration for you.

I have the honour to be,

July 27, 1803.

Your most obedient humble Servant,
N. NovosSILTZOFF.

Doctor J. Churchman,

Fellow of the Academy of Sciences.}

Mr. Quadal, a painter in Petersburgh, has established a public exhibition in that city, in imitation of our artists, and built for that purpose a large saloon in the form of a tent, with the inscription "Tente Pittoresque." The number of paintings amounts to 32, among which are a full length picture of the present Emperor on horseback, the Coronation of Paul and Alexander, (the latter is destined for the Emperor of Germany,) an English review, a Prussian manoeuvre and the portrait of the artist, which all possess

ronsiderable merit.

Citizen E. P. Pentenat, member of the Nailonal Insti tute, and one of the Librarians of the Pantheon, has edited the first Number of an important botanical work under the title " Jardin de la Muinaison, avec des figures colorées, with the motto

"Si canimus sylvas, sylvæ sint Consule dignæ."

It is dedicated to Madam Bonaparte, and on the back of the title-page we find the following note, Les plantes sont peintes par Redouté, qui dirige et surveille l'exécution des figures de cet ouvrage." This first number contains six plants, which with the sole exception of the last may all be considered as new. 1. Gordonia pubescens, from SouthAmerica, (according to Michaux from Georgia) in full loom; 2. Xeranthemum bracteatum, fol. lanceolatis, repandis, scabriusculis; floribus solitariis, terminalibus bracteatis, from New Holland, 3. Eupatorium yapana, fol. lanceolatis integerrimis, subtrinerviis; inferioribus op positis, superioribus alternis; calicibus inæqualibus multiHoris, the celebrated new miraculous plant from the banks

of the Amazon or Orelana. Mr, Alibert has ascertained by a variety of experiments, that an infusion, as well as a decoction of the leaves of this plant is a powerful sudorific and an excellent remedy against the scurvy, yet is at the same time of opinion, that its medicinal powers have been exaggerated. 4. Melaleuca gnidiafolia, fol. oppositis, lanceolatis trinerviis, ramulis floriferis lateralibus, paucifloris; filamentis antice ramosis, from New Holland; 5. Metrosideros anomala ; fol, oppositis, cordato-ovatis, impunetatis, ramulis pedunculis et calicibus hispidis ; floribus solitariis, terminalibus; 6. Nymphea cærulea, well-known in this country and neatly figured in Andrews' Botanical Reposi tory.

Gilbert's Physical Annals contains a letter from citizen Clos to citizen Delamétherie, relating the memorable case of a Mrs. N****, at Soreze, who was not the least af fected by electricity.

"For about 18 or 20 years, savs citizen Clos, this lady, who enjoyed a very good state of health, was altogether insensible to the effects of electricity. In the course of experiments, made at the physical museum, she submitted

At the meeting of the Agricultural Society in Paris, held on the 18th September last, the President Citizen Cambry, read a memoir on the importance of agriculture, on the progress which it has lately made in France, and on the to the most violent electrical shocks and communicated improvements which are daily made in that country, relative them to other persons, without feeling them herself. She to the restoration of forests," melioration of studs and pro- had at that time a sister, who was nearly in the same case. pagation of sheep of the Spanish breed. In a report on the Having since fallen into a sickly state, and being frequently labours of the society, read by the Secretary, citizen Silves-afflicted with nervous diseases, she is now affected by tre, he pointed out among other important improvements, electricity, yet only in a very slight degree. She is amiable, the plantations of pines on the heaths of Bourdeaux, which tolerably sprightly, sensible and of a soft compassionato already occupy one hundred square leagues, and where disposition." pines, planted in 1788, begin to yield resin. Citizen Citizen Van Bre, a painter of Antwerp, who is charged Parmentier, in a memoir on inclosed fields, exposed the great advantages to be derived from inclosures, and closed by the Constituted Authorities to represent on canvas the First Consul's entry into that city, is gone to Paris to take his observations with the following, advice to farmers; "Bâtissez peu & plantez toujours." Citizen Garnier-likenesses of his Consular Majesty, of Madame Bonaparte, Desthaines, read a brief account of the life of Citizen and of the Ministers and Generals of his retinue. Perthuis, an experienced farmer, who published several interesting treatises on agriculture, and died in the course of the tenth Republican year, and Citizen François de Neufchateau, communicated to the society a rapid sketch of the life of Olivier of Serres, the father of well-conducted farming in France, which is to be placed as the head of the Theatre d'Agriculture.

By the Amsterdam Society for the encouragement of Agriculture, the following prize-question has been proposed for the 1st November, 1804. "What is the best and most adviseable plan for improving downs, either by adapting them to plantations of wood, or converting them into arable land or pasture. The prize is a gold medal, worth 50 ducats.

The celebrated gallery of paintings at Munich, has lately obtained a very valuable accession in a picture of Raphael, representing St. Jerome. Mr. Mamulich, director of the gallery, discovered it on a late journey to Wurzburgh, where it lay unnoticed among some obscure paintings.

On the 26th of August last died at Rome, the celebrated engraver John Volpato, whose excellent engravings of a number of Raphael's works are universally admired. He was born at Bassano, in 1735.

* Annalen der Physik, &c. von L. W. Gilbert, for 1803, p. 123.

VOLUME II.]

LITERATURE.

REVIEW OF BOOKS.

DECEMBER 31, 1803.

Coins of the Seleucida, Kings of Syria; from the Establishment of their Reign under Seleucus Nicator; to the determination of it under Antiochus Asiaticus. With Historical Memoirs of each Reign. Illustrated with Twenty-four Plates of Coins, from the Cabinet of the late Matthew Duane, F.R. and A.S. Engraved by F. Bartolozzi. 4to. 258 pp. Nichols and

Son.

THE

HE numismatic world in general, and all the admirers and collectors of fine coins in particular, have great obligations on many accounts to the editor of this work, which exhibits a medallic history of the kings of Syria. And first they are obliged to him for having purchased the engravings of the coins, made by an artist whom we no longer possess, an artist of the very first rank in his profession; and secondly, for having given himself the trouble of publishing, and illustrating with letter-press and notes, the whole of the plates, so that the collectors of coins, and the adepts in numismatic science, may be furnished with ample materials to arrange and appropriate all the coins of a most interesting period, and a most distinguished country, under a long line of regal governors. The coins from which the engravings (24 in number) were made, belonged originally to Matthew Duane, Esq. who employed Bartolozzi to engrave them at a considerable expence. From Mr. Duane, they passed into Dr. Hunter's hands, and are now in his Museum, in Great Windmill-street, but finally destined for the University of Glasgow, whither they will in a short time be removed. The engravings are very excellent, and perhaps have little fault, but that of being in some instances too good. In the introduction, the reader is presented with the geography of Syria, and the position of Antioch, the usual residence of the Syro-Macedonian Kings, from Strabo and Bishop Pococke, who thought he discovered the scite of the grove of Daphne, in a hanging wood,|| terminating in a fine semi-circular plain.

[NUMBER 12.

The chronology of the summary of the Syrian kings, begins at year 12 of the era of the Seleucida, 301 before Christ, with Seleucus Nicator, and ends with Antiochus. xiii ær. Sel. 245. Xti. 68.

In the first two plates are 24 coins of Seleucus the First. The sixth exhibits Seleucus with the ensigns and ornaments of Alexander, who assumed the lion's skin as being descended from Hercules.

This is a silver tetradracm, and weighs 256 grains and a half. The reverse is Jupiter sitting with a victory in his right hand, and in his left a spear reversed. The Editor has not given the weight, which was first introduced by Dr. Combe in his cities, and is a vast improvement.

No. 9, Is a silver tetradracm. A head bearded, and laurell'd. On the reverse, Pallas armed, in a chariot drawn by 5 elephants, weight 268 grains. Behind Pallas is A B. ( Before her an anchor. There is a copper coin at Dr. Hunter's, of Apollo sitting, and on the reverse an elephant's head horned, with

ΒΑΣΙΛΕΩΣ ΣΕΛΕΥΚΟΥ, This coin is not here. The

horns on the elephant signify the victory of Seleucus over Antigonus,

Plate II. Coins of Antiochus Soter.

Coin 13. Head with a fillet; reverse, Apollo on the cortina, with a bow in his right hand. BAZIAERZ ΑΝΤΙΟΧΟΥ. Frælich supposed this coin to be unique, confirming the assumption of the title of Soter, by Antiochus I. in his 7th year. In the coins of this prince given by Vaillant, the wing is added to the lion's skin, and in the exergue of the reverse a horse is grazing, which is the coin of Antiochus Theos, here in the 3d plate, No. 16. The seat on which Apollo sits, Vaillant says, is the Pythian tripod, from whence issued the oracles. Prefixed to each plate, and the account of the coins it contains, is a short history of the several kings of Syria. All that can be with propriety mentioned here, is the history, if there be any, which grows as it were out of the coin, or which occasioned its being struck. Under the reign of Antiochus the great, it is said that that monarch was advised to attack Ptolemy Philopater, The dismemberment of Alexander's empire, and and accordingly he menaced Egypt with invasion, and the effects that flowed from it are foretold in Daniel sent generals, who were twice defeated; upon which in the most explicit manner; speaking of a mighty he turned his forces, and marched in person against king standing up and ruling with great dominion, and his own rebellious subjects. This is all we find in doing what he liked, the prophet foretells, "that this epitome; but what happened between the threats when he shall stand up, his kingdom shall be broken, of the Syrian, and his finally desisting from putting and shall be divided towards the four winds of heaven, them into execution, is worth relating, as it has some and not to his posterity, nor according to his dominion resemblance to the state of our own country at this with which he ruled; for his kingdom shall be plucked moment. From the instant that the menace of invaup, even for others beside these." By these expression was sent to Philopater, Sosibius, the king's primesions Daniel meant that the Macedonian empire should be divided, and the event justifies the prediction. See Chap. xi. v. 3, 4, 5, 6. The prophecy indeed if examined is more perfect than any history. Introduction page xvii.

VOL. II.

minister, began to consider how he might best put his country into a posture of defence, sent into Greece for as many drill-serjeants as he could procure, and on their arrival made all Egypt soldiers, and in three months his master became the aggressor, attacked

2 Y

Antiochus, and wrested out of his hands, Syria,
Colo-Syria, and Palestine.

In the Appendix is given a copy of the inscription on the stone of Rosetta, with an English translation. I shall just note a passage or two in this translation, and leave the final decision of it to the Society of Antiquaries, and the ap Græcorum, who has filled up the chasms of the stone.

respectable, and at one time, we can remember, when his Scribleriad, and his papers in the World, were noticed with universal approbation, and procured the author all the respect due to very considerable talents. But poetry increases so much in this country, that many deserving works are sometimes laid aside after a time, merely because others succeed to engage the public attention; those pieces, too, which are grounded The translator takes it for granted that the young on temporary topics, nust naturally give way to the Prince in the opening of the stone is Ptolemy Epi-lapse of time and memory. Mr. Cambridge's works, phanes, but this can hardly be the case, since Ptolemy therefore, have not of late years been in much deEpiphanes was dead when the stone was engraved, mand; it was wise, however, to republish them, as and his son Ptolemy Philometor, nine years old, they form a very important addition to our English having been already three years king; because the poetical stock; and we hope the Editor will gratify priests waited thus long, before they ventured to deify the public by an edition in a less expensive form, the his father, who had been poisoned by his subjects for present being a work, which from its price, &c. will tyranny. Line 8th, what the translator calls the ninth naturally be confined to public libraries, or to the year of the sacred eagle, the eagle of Alexander, is collections of opulent individuals. Actes the son of Aetes in the ninth year, (that is of Philometor,) being high priest of Alexander. In confirmation of this is the Egyptian version. See Akerblad's letter to Sacy, p. 22, Paris, 1802.

Line 29, is rendered to make Egypt wholesome, εἰς εὐδιων ἀγάγει, which is perhaps, to restore it to a state of calm, politically speaking, not atmospherically.

P. 192, line 7. Contribution to the voyage,' συλληψιν τῶν εἰς τὴν ναύλεια», which is, "he excused the sacred tribes from their annual voyage to Alexandria, and ordered that there should be no pressing for the sea-service. This is the meaning of the place, as is most evident by comparing it with Lucian, Vol. xi. 4to. p. 126, 1. 39. If the voyage were remitted it were unnecessary to add that there should be no contribution for it, but if the voyage were excused to Alexandria, there might still be a cuaan, that is, a compulsion, by laying hold, or seizing, or the taking up of seamen for some other voyage.

P. 193, line 3, [injured] This word between books in the translation, is blurred on the stone, and wants several letters which may be supplied with tolerable certainty E. . . . . . ΑΝΤΑΣ thus ΕΡΗΜΩΣΑΝΤΑΣ having laid waste, or desolated.

The Life of Mr. Cambridge is an interesting article. We shall not injure its totality by an abridgement, but cannot withold the following extract, which deserves the serious attention of men of rank and property :

P. 72. At an early age, he attentively examined the evidences of Christianity, and was fully satisfied of its truth. This was, in the truest sense, the religion of the heart, and he always felt that a constant conformity to its precepts was the strongest and best proof he could give of the sincerity of his faith. Of its prescribed forms and exterior duties, he was no less a strict observer: whatever were his engagements, he constantly passed his Sundays at home with his family, at the head of whom he never failed to at tend the public service of the day, until prevented by a bodily infirmity, for some years before his death: but he still continued his practice of reading prayers to them every evening; a usage of more than sixty years: these were taken from our Liturgy, of which he was a great admirer.

"When no longer able to partake of the Communion at Church, he continued to receive it at home, on the festivals and other suitable occasions, to the latest period and his manner of joining in this ser A complete examination of every passage at all vice, furnished an edifying example of the happy in doubtful on the stone, would require a separate pub-fluence of a mind void of offence towards God, and lication, which in good time, it will no doubt have towards man. bestowed upon it. In the mean while the learned world is obliged to the present translator for his version, notes, and illustrations. S.

"His devotional exercises were always expressed in so solemn a manner, and with such unaffected piety, as shewed that his lips spoke the language of his heart; but his impressive tone of voice, when offering praise The Works of Richard Owen Cambridge, Esq. including and thanksgiving, marked that to be the branch of several Pieces never before published: with an Ac-worship most suited to his feelings; and in conformity count of his Life and Character. By his Son, George Owen Cambridge, M. A. Prebendary of Ely. 4to. pp. 507. Cadell and Davies.

This splendid volume does credit to the head and heart of the Editor. Such a man as Richard Owen Cambridge deserved a tribute to his memory, and we know not who could have offered it with more propriety, or more justice, than his affectionate son. Mr. Cambridge outlived two generations of wits and scholars, and was admired and beloved by all. Without aspiring to the highest distinctions of genius, the #gure he made in the walks of literature was highly

with this sentiment, he frequently remarked, that in our petitions we are liable to be misled both as to their object and motive; but in expressing our thanks givings to the Deity, we can never err, the least fa voured among us having received sufficient tokens of the bounty of Providence, to excite emotions of the sincerest gratitude.'

"This principle of piety led him also to bear afflictions in the most exemplary manner. Whatever trials or deprivations he experienced through life, he always met with fortitude, and his demeanour under the losses which he was ordained to suffer in his own