was a freedman, and took the
Roman gentile name Volteius from
his patron. E. i. 7. 55, 61. See
Volteius
Menander, famous writer of the
New Attic Comedy, lived from
342 to 290 B. C., S. ii. 3. 11; E.
ii. 1. 57
Menelaus, son of Atreus, brother of
Agamemnon, and husband of
Helen, S. ii. 3. 198. See Atrides
Menenius, a madman, S. ii. 3. 287
Mercurialis, adj., of Mercury, the
god of gain, S. ii. 3. 25
Mercurius, Mercury, son of Jupiter
and Maia, and messenger of the
gods, god of gain and good
luck, S. ii. 3. 68 (cf. ii. 6. 5)
Messalla, a name associated with
the aristocratic Valerian gens.
M. Valerius Messalla Corvinus,
orator and historian, was consul
in 31 B.C., and triumphed over
the Aquitani in 27 B.C. He had
a brother, L. Gellius Publicola,
who was consul in 36 B.C. S.
i. 6. 42; i. 10. 85; A.P. 371
Messius, S. i. 5. 52, 54. See Cicirrhus
Metella, perhaps Caecilia Metella,

divorced wife of P. Cornelius
Lentulus Spinther, S. ii. 3. 239
Metellus, i.e. Q. Caecilius Metellus
Macedonicus, consul 143 B.C.,
political opponent of Scipio, S.
ii. 1. 67

Methymnaeus, adj., of Methymna,
a town in Lesbos, S. ii. 8. 50
Miletus, a city of Ionia in Asia
Minor, E. i. 17. 30

Milonius, according to Porphyrio,
a scurra or parasite, S. ii. 1. 24
Mimnermus, an elegiac poet of
Colophon, of the sixth century
B.C., E. i. 6. 65; ii. 2. 101
Minerva, goddess of wisdom, patro-
ness of arts and science, S. ii. 2.
3; A.P. 385
Minturnae, a town on the borders

of Latium and Campania, at the
mouth of the Liris, E. i. 5. 5
Minucius, who gave his name to
the Via Minucia, which ran from
Brundisium to Beneventum, E.
i. 18. 20

Misenum, a promontory of Cam-
pania, north of the bay of Naples,
S. ii. 4. 33

Mitylene, capital of Lesbos, E. i.
11. 17

Molossus, adj., of the Molossians,
who lived in Eastern Epirus, S.
ii. 6. 114

Moschus, a rhetorician from Per-
gamum, who was tried for poison-
ing, E. i. 5. 9

Mucius, a famous lawyer, probably
P. Mucius Scaevola, consul in 133
B.C., or his son Q. Mucius
Scaevola, consul in 95 B.C., E. ii.
2. 89

Mulvius, a parasite, S. ii. 7. 36
Munatius, son of L. Munatius
Plancus, the consul of 42 B.C.
(see Odes i. 7. 19; iii. 14. 28); E.
i. 3. 31
Murena, i.e. L. Licinius Murena,
brother-in-law of Maecenas, S. i.
5. 38
Musa, (1) a Muse, S. i. 5. 53; ii. 3.
105; ii. 6. 17; E. i. 3. 13; i. 8. 2;
i. 19. 28; ii. 1. 27, 133, 243; ii.
2. 92; A.P. 83, 141, 324, 407;
(2) Musa Antonius. See Antonius
Mutus, unknown elsewhere, E. i.
6. 22

NAEVIUS, (1) a spendthrift, S. i. 1.
101; S. ii. 2. 68 (perhaps not the
same); (2) a poet from Campania
of the third century B.C. (he wrote
dramas and also an epic, the
Bellum Punicum, this last in
Saturnian verse), E. ii. 1. 53
Nasica, a man who, being in debt
to Coranus, gave him his daughter
in marriage, S. ii. 5. 57, 65, 67
Nasidienus, Rufus (probably a
fictitious name), a wealthy up-
start, S. ii. 8. 1, 58, 75, 84

Natta, a stingy person, S. i. 6. 124
Neptunus, Neptune, god of the sea,
E. i. 11. 10; A.P. 64

Nero, i.e. Tiberius Claudius Nero,
E. i. 8. 2; i. 9. 4; i. 12. 26; ii.
2. 1. See Claudius

Nestor, son of Neleus, king of
Pylus, oldest of the Greeks before
Troy, E. i. 2. 11

Nomentanus, (1) a spendthrift, who
figures in Lucilius, S. i. 1. 102;
i. 8. 11; ii. 1. 22; ii. 3. 175, 224;
(2) a parasite, S. ii. 8. 23, 25, 60
Novius, a money-lender, one of two
brothers, S. i. 3. 21; i. 6. 40; i.
6. 121

Numa, i.e. Numa Pompilius,
second king of Rome, E. i. 6.
27; ii. 1. 86
Numicius, unknown, E. i. 6. 1

OCTAVIUS, a poet and historian,
friend of Horace, S. i. 10. 82
Ofellus, a country neighbour of
Horace's, S. ii. 2. 2, 53, 112, 133
Olympia, the Olympic games, cele-
brated every four years at Olym-
pia, in Elis, E. i. 1. 50
Opimius, a miser, S. ii. 3. 142
Oppidius, i.e. Servius Oppidius, a
man of Canusium who had two
sons, Aulus and Tiberius, S. ii.
3. 163, 171, 173
Orbilius, a native of Beneventum,
who set up a school there, and
later in Rome, E. ii. 1. 71
Orbius, a rich landowner, E. ii. 2.
160

Orcus, a god of the lower world,

Death, S. ii. 5. 49; E. ii. 2. 178
Orestes, son of Agamemnon and
Clytemnestra. He killed his
mother and was driven mad by
the Furies. S. ii. 3. 133, 137;
A.P. 124

Origo, a mima, or actress, S. i. 2.
55

Orpheus, a mythical bard of Thrace,

whose song charmed wild beasts,
A.P. 392

Oscus, adj., Oscan, of the Oscans,
a primitive people of Italy, S. i.

5. 54
Osiris, an Egyptian deity, husband
of Isis, E. i. 17. 60

PACIDEIANUS, a gladiator, "the best
that ever lived," according to
Lucilius, S. ii. 7. 97

Pacuvius, a famous writer of
tragedies, nephew of Ennius, E.
ii. 1. 56. See Ilione

Palatinus, adj., of the Palatine,
where Augustus in 28 B. C. dedi-
cated a temple to Apollo, with a
public library, E. i. 3. 17
Pantilius, unknown, S. i. 10. 78
Pantolabus, a parasite. The name
is probably coined for satire
(nav+λaßeiv, "all-receiver"), S.
i. 8. 1; ii. 1. 22

Paris, son of Priam and Hecuba,
who carried off Helen, wife of
Menelaus, and so led to the Trojan
war, E. i. 2. 6, 10

Parius, adj., of Paros, an island of
the Cyclades in the Aegaean,
famous for its marble and as the
birthplace of Archilochus, E. i.
19. 23

Parmensis. See Cassius

Parthus, a Parthian. The Parthians
lived north-east of the Caspian
Sea, S. ii. 1. 15; ii. 5. 62; Ē. i.
18. 56; ii. 1. 112, 256
Paulus, a cognomen of the Aemilian
gens, to which belonged L.
Aemilius Paulus, consul in 216
B. C.; his son, the conqueror of
Perseus, and the younger Scipio
Africanus, the latter's son, S. i.
6. 41

Pausiacus, adj., of Pausias, a Greek
painter from Sicyon, contempor-
ary of Apelles in the fourth
century B.C., S. ii. 7. 95
Pedanus, adj., of Pedum, a town
between Tibur and Praeneste,
E. i. 4. 2

Pediatia, a feminine name given in
contempt to one Pediatius, a
Roman knight who had lost both
fortune and repute, S. i. 8. 39
Pedius, an orator, probably the son
of Q. Pedius, who was consul in
43 B.C., S. i. 10. 28

Peleus (the subject of a tragedy by
Sophocles), son of Aeacus, was
driven from Aegina for the murder
of his half-brother Phocus, A.P.
96, 104

Pelides, son of Peleus, Achilles, E.
i. 2. 12. See Achilles
Penates, the Penates, household
gods, S. ii. 3. 176; E. i. 7. 94
Penelope, the faithful wife of

Ulysses, S. ii. 5. 76, 81; E. i. 2.
28
Pentheus, king of Thebes, torn in
pieces by his mother Agave
because he had mocked at the
rites of Bacchus, E. i. 16. 73.
See Agave

Perellius, a banker, perhaps the
same as Cicuta, S. ii. 3. 75
Persius, a wealthy man of Clazo-
menae, born of a Greek father and
a Roman mother, S. i. 7. 2, 4, 19,
33

Petillius Capitolinus, said to have

been accused of stealing the gold
crown from the statue of Jupiter
on the Capitol, and to have been
acquitted by Caesar. The story
is an exaggeration, because the
name Capitolinus, which is said
to have been given Petillius be-
cause of the charge, was a cogno-
men of the Petillia gens, and the
crime of stealing the crown of
Jupiter is proverbial in the plays
of Plautus. S. i. 4. 94; i. 10. 26
Petrinus, a town in the Falernian
district, E. i. 5. 5
Phaeax, a Phaeacian.

The Phae-
acians were mythic inhabitants
of Corcyra, subjects of Alcinous,
and living in luxury, E. i. 15. 24
Philippi, a town of Macedonia,
now Filibi, where Brutus and
Cassius were defeated by Oc-
tavius and Antony, 42 B.C., E.
ii. 2. 49

Philippus, (1) L. Marcius Philip-
pus, consul 91 B.C., a distin-
guished lawyer, E. i. 7. 46, 52,
64, 66, 78, 89, 90; (2) a gold coin,
the Macedonian stater, bearing
the head of Philip the Great,
worth rather more than one
guinea, or five dollars, E. ii. 1. 234
Philodemus, of Gadara, poet and
Epicurean philosopher, who lived
at Rome in the time of Cicero,
S. i. 2. 121
Phraates, king of the Parthians,
who in 20-19 B.C. restored to the
Romans the standards taken
from Crassus at Charrae, E. i.
12. 27

Picenus, adj., of Picenum, a dis-
trict of Italy on the Adriatic,
S. ii. 3. 272; ii. 4. 70
Pierius, adj., Pierian, Thessalian,
from Pieria in Thessaly, haunted
by the Muses, A. P. 405
Pindaricus, adj., of Pindar, from
Thebes in Boeotia, greatest of
the Greek lyric poets, E. i. 3.

10

Pisones or Pisos, a father and two
sons, to whom the Ars Poetica is
addressed. According to Por-
phyrio, the father was L. Cal-
purnius Piso, praefectus urbi in
A. D. 14. Others hold that he was
Cn. Calpurnius Piso, who, like
Horace, fought under Brutus
and Cassius at Philippi. He had
a son, Cneius, who was consul
7 B.C., and another Lucius, who
was consul in 1 B.C. A.P. 6, 235.
See Pompilius

Pitholeon, according to Bentley
the same as Pitholaus, who
libelled Julius Caesar in his
verses (Suetonius, Iulius, 75),
S. i. 10. 22

Plato, (1) the comic poet, repre-
sentative of Attic Middle
Comedy, S. ii. 3. 11; (2) cele-
brated Greek philosopher, dis-
ciple of Socrates, S. ii. 4. 3
Plautinus, adj., of Plautus, A.P.
270

Plautus, Roman comic poet, who
died in 184 B. C.; E. ii. 1. 58, 170;
A.P. 54
Plotius, i.e. Plotius Tucca, friend
of Virgil and Horace. He and
Varius were Virgil's literary
executors. S. i. 5. 40; i. 10. 81
Polemon, a luxurious Athenian
youth, reformed by Xenocrates,
whom he succeeded as head of
the Academic school of philo-
sophy, S. ii. 3. 254

Pollio, i.e. C. Asinius Pollio, dis-
tinguished as statesman, orator,
historian, and tragic poet, S.
i. 10. 42, 85
Pollux, twin brother of Castor,
E. ii. 1. 5 (cf. S. ii. 1. 26)
Pompeius Grosphus. See Grosphus

Pompilius, adj., Pompilian. The
Calpurnian gens, to which the
Pisones belonged, claimed de-
scent from Numa Pompilius,
second king of Rome. A.P. 292
Pomponius, a dissolute youth, S.
i. 4. 52

Porcius, a parasite of Nasidienus.

The name is probably fictitious
and chosen for its meaning
(porcus, a pig), S. ii. 8. 23
Praeneste, an ancient city of
Latium, now Palestrina, E. i.
2. 2

Praenestinus, adj., of Praeneste,
S. i. 7. 28

Priamides, son of Priam, Hector,
S. i. 7. 12

Priamus, Priam, king of Troy, S.
ii. 3. 195; A.P. 137

Priapus, god of gardens (his image
served as a kind of scarecrow),
S. i. 8. 2

Priscus, a changeable person, S.
ii. 7. 9

Procne, wife of Tereus and sister

of Philomela, changed into a
swallow, A.P. 187

Proserpina, daughter of Ceres and
wife of Pluto, S. ii. 5. 110
Proteus, a sea-god, who had the
power of changing himself into
all kinds of forms, S. ii. 3. 71;
E. i. 1. 90

Publicola, cognomen of Q. Pedius,

S. i. 10. 28, though some take it
there with Corvinus. See Mes-
salla

Publius, a praenomen, S. ii. 5. 32
Pupius, a tragic poet, E. i. 1. 67
Pusilla, a pet name for a girl,
meaning "tiny," S. ii. 3. 216
Puteal. See Libo

Pylades, faithful friend of Orestes,
S. ii. 3. 139

Pyrria, a maid servant who
figured in a togata of Titinius,

Pythia, the Pythian games, cele-
brated every five years at Delphi
in honour of Apollo, A.P. 414
Pythias, a maid figuring as a char-
acter in a play of Caecilius, A.P.
238

QUINCTIUS, unknown except from E.
i. 16. 1

Quinquatrus, a festival of five days
in honour of Minerva, beginning
on March 19th, during which
school-boys had holidays, E. ii.
2. 197
Quintilius, i.e. Quintilius Varus, of
Cremona, a friend of Virgil and
Horace (see Odes i. 24), A. P. 438
Quintus, (1) Horace's own praeno-
men, S. ii. 6. 37; (2) an ordinary
praenomen, S. ii. 3. 243; ii. 5. 32
Quirinus, i.e. Romulus, representa-
tive of the Roman people, S.
i. 10. 32

Quiris, a Roman citizen, E. i. 6. 7

RAMNES, one of the three centuries
of equites or knights established
by Romulus. They represent
the equites of Horace's day, and
stand for young men as contrasted
with old. A.P. 342

Rex, i.e. Rupilius Rex, of Praeneste,
who served in Africa under Attius
Verus, became Praetor under
Julius Caesar, and later joined
the army of Brutus, S. i. 7. 1, 5,
6, 9, 19, 25, 35

Rhenus, the river Rhine, S. i. 10.
37; A.P. 18

Rhodius, adj., of Rhodes, S.
i. 10. 22

Rhodos, the island of Rhodes, off

the south west coast of Asia
Minor, E. i. 11. 17, 21
Roma, Rome, S. i. 5. 1; i. 6. 76;

ii. 1. 59; ii. 6. 23; ii. 7. 13, 28; E.
i. 2. 2; i. 7. 44; i. 8. 12; i. 11.
11, 21; i. 14. 17; i. 16. 18; i. 20.
10; ii. 1. 61, 103, 256; ii. 2. 41,
65, 87
Romanus, adj., Roman, S. i. 4.
85; i. 6. 48; ii. 1. 37; ii. 2. 10,
52; ii. 4. 10; ii. 7. 54; E. i. 1. 70;
i. 3. 9; i. 12. 25; i. 18. 49; ii. 1.

29; ij. 2. 94; A.P. 54, 113, 264,
285, 325
Romulus, the mythical founder of
Rome, E. ii. 1. 5. See Quirinus
Roscius, (1) a person unknown, S.
ii. 6. 35; (2) the great actor, a
friend of Cicero, E. ii. 1. 82; (3)
adj., Roscian. The Roscian Law,
passed by L. Roscius Otho in
67 B.C., gave the first fourteen
rows in the theatre to the equites,
who had to have a property
minimum of 400,000 sesterces, E.
i. 1. 62

Rubi, now Ruvo, a town about
thirty miles from Canusium, S.
i. 5. 94

Rufa, a pet name for a girl (="red-
headed"), S. ii. 3. 216

Rufillus, an unknown fop, S. i. 2.
27; i. 4. 92

Rufus. See Nasidienus

Ruso, i.e. Octavius Ruso, a money-
lender, who also wrote histories,
S. i. 3. 86

Rutuba, a gladiator, S. ii. 7. 96

SABBATA, the Jewish Sabbath, S.
i. 9. 69

Sabellus, adj., Sabellian or Sabine,
of the Sabelli or Sabini, S. i. 9.
29; ii. 1. 36; E. i. 16. 49
Sabinus, (1) adj., Sabine, of the
Sabines, a people of Central Italy,
S. ii. 7. 118; E. i. 7. 77; ii. 1. 25;
(2) a friend of Torquatus, E. i. 5. 27
Sagana, a witch, S. i. 8. 25, 48
Salernum, a town in Campania,
now Salerno, E. i. 15. 1

Saliaris, adj., of the Salii, the
twelve dancing priests of Mars,
E. ii. 1. 86
Sallustius, i.e. C. Sallustius Crispus,
grandnephew of the historian
Sallust (see Odes ii. 2), S. i. 2. 48
Samnites, the Samnites, living in
Central Italy, E. ii. 2. 98
Samos, an island off the coast of
Asia Minor, now Samo, E. i. 11.
2, 21

Sappho, the famous poetess of
Lesbos, of the sixth century B.C.,
E. i. 19. 28

Sardis, capital of Lydia, E. i. 11. 2

Sardus, adj., from Sardinia, S. i. 3.
5; A.P. 375
Sarmentus, a slave of M. Favonius,
of Etruscan birth, freed by Mae-
cenas, became a scriba in the
quaestor's department and sat
among the equites. When old he
was reduced to poverty, S. i. 5.
52, 55, 56
Satureianus, adj., of Saturium, the
district in which Tarentum in
southern Italy was founded, S. i.
6. 59
Saturnalia, a festival beginning on
the 17th December, during which
the Romans granted much licence
to their slaves, S. ii. 3. 5
Saturnius (numerus), the Saturnian
measure, a verse form native to
Italy, used by Livius Andronicus
in his translation of the Odyssey,
and by Naevius in his epic on
the Punic War. It seems to have
been based on accent rather than
on quantity, E. iii. 1. 158
Satyrus, a satyr, a companion of
Bacchus, represented with the
ears and tail of a goat. Also
used in pl. of the Greek Satyric
drama, in which Satyrs formed
the chorus. E. i. 19. 4; ii. 2. 125;
A.P. 221, 226, 233, 235

Scaeva, (1) a spendthrift, who poi-
soned his mother, S. ii. 1. 53;
(2) the unknown person to whom
E. i. 17 is addressed; see p. 358
Scaurus, adj., "with swollen
ankles," perhaps a proper name
in S. i. 3. 48

Scetanus, a profligate, S. i. 4. 112
Scipiadas, one of the family of the

Scipios, a Scipio (the form was
used by Lucilius), S. ii. 1. 17, 72
Scylla, a sea-monster dwelling on
one side of the Straits of Messene,
A.P. 145. See Charybdis
September, adj., belonging to Sep-
tember, the seventh month of
the Roman year, E. i. 16. 16
Septicius, a friend of Torquatus, E.
i. 5. 26

Septimius, a friend of Horace, whom
the poet introduces to Tiberius
in E. i. 9