Glass Beads.-Beads composed of paste glass and pierced through both sides, designed to be sewn on wearing apparel, which were classified as manufactures of paste or glass under paragraph 109, were held dutiable as beads (par, 421). G. A. 5607 (T. D. 25088) followed.-Ab. 26890 (T. D. 31708).

Hatpins with Beaded Heads.-Hatpins, around the heads of which strings of small beads are tightly wound, classified as beaded articles under paragraph 421, were claimed dutiable as manufactures of glass or paste or metal (par. 109 or 199). Protests overruled.-Ab. 37876.

Imitation Pearl Beads.—The provision in the tariff act of 1909 for imitation pearl beads is more specific than that for imitation pearls and the several provisions taken together indicate a legislative purpose to include within paragraph 449 of that act only such imitation pearls for use in the manufacture of jewelry as are not also imitation pearl beads. Lorsch & Co. v. U. S. (5 Ct. Cust. Appls., ; T. D. 34132).—Cohn & Rosenberger v. U. S. (Ct. Cust. Appls.), T. D. 34533; (G. A. 7561) T. D. 34415 affirmed.

The testimony here is convincing that in trade and commerce, as well as in common speech, the articles of the importation are, while often called imitation pearls, equally well known as imitation pearl beads. They come accordingly within the precise terms of paragraph 421.-Lorsch & Co. et al. v. U. S. (Ct. Cust. Appls.), T. D. 34132; (G. A. 7473) T. D. 33587 affirmed.

Imitation Pearls.-The dominant factor determining the classification of imitation pearls is their use. If in the form of beads not threaded or strung, or strung loosely on thread for facility in transportation only, and not intended for use in the manufacture of jewelry, they are dutiable at 35 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 421; if designed and intended for use in the manufacture of jewelry they are dutiable at 20 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 449.— T. D. 30827 (G. A. 7079).

Imitation Precious Stones, which the appraiser states are designed to be sewed on wearing apparel or to be used for dress ornaments, classified as manufactures of paste under paragraph 109, were held dutiable as beads (par 421). Ab. 35260 (T. D. 34321) followed.-Ab. 38306.

Nail-Head Beads, classified as manufactures of glass or paste under paragraph 109, were held to be dutiable under paragraph 421, relating to beads.Ab. 23417 (T. D. 30667).

Pictures in Frames Composed of Glass Beads.-Religious pictures composed of paper lithographically printed, covered with glass and mounted in frames composed wholly of beads of different colors strung on cotton threads, glass beads being the component of chief value, are dutiable as beaded articles under paragraph 421. U. S. v. Benziger (178 Fed. Rep., 1006; T. D. 30386) distinguished.-T. D. 31967 (G. A. 7290).

Rice Bead Curtains.-Protests overruled as to rice bead curtains assessed as beaded articles under paragraph 421.-Ab. 33782 (T. D. 33789).

Rosary Chains, made of silver links and semiprecious stones, silver component material of chief value, which had been classified as beaded articles under paragraph 421, were held dutiable as manufactures of metal (par. 199).— Ab. 25465 (T. D. 31543).

Strung Beads.-Necklaces composed of beads strung on brass chains, assessed under paragraph 448, were claimed dutiable as articles composed wholly of beads (par. 421). Protests sustained.-Ab. 33564 (T. D. 33738).

DECISIONS UNDER THE ACT OF 1897.

Amber Necklaces.-Amber is neither technically nor commercially a precious stone; and amber necklaces are not dutiable as "jewelry" under paragraph 434, nor as manufactures of amber under paragraph 448, but as beaded articles under paragraph 408.-T. D. 29615 (G. A. 6881).

Bags Composed in Part of Beads.-A provision in the tariff for a designated article is more specific for classification purposes than a provision for a material.

Bags and purses composed of a cotton or silk foundation, the exterior surface of the fabric covered more or less completely with beads and fitted with a metal frame and chain, are dutiable at 60 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 408 and not under paragraph 193, although metal is the component material of chief value in the completed articles.-T. D. 28103 (G. A. 6578).

Beaded Curtains.—Curtains composed in chief value of wood and in part of glass beads were claimed to be dutiable as manufactures of wood under paragraph 208 rather than as articles composed in part of beads" (par. 408). Protest overruled.—Ab. 25238 (T. D. 31478).

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Beaded Fan Chains.-Fan chains composed, in chief value, of beads are dutiable under paragraph 408 as articles "composed wholly or in part of beads," rather than as toys" under paragraph 418. G. A. 6658 (T. D. 28391); G. A. 7288 (T. D. 31965).—T. D. 32004 (G. A. 7297).

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Bead Fringes.-Bead fringes, consisting of beads strung on a cord or webbing, and used to decorate lamps as trimmings and shades, are dutiable under the provision in paragraph 408 for "ornaments, trimmings, and other articles in part of beads," not being excluded under the doctrine of ejusdem generis.-Holcomb v. U. S. (C. C.), T. D. 30802; Abs. 16568 and 16592 (T. D. 28392) affirmed.

Beads, Not Threaded or Strung, composed of amethyst, garnet, crystal, or other so-called semiprecious stones, are dutiable under the initial provision of paragraph 408 at 35 per cent ad valorem, and not under the provision for precious stones in paragraph 435, nor for manufactures of garnet, crystal, etc., in paragraph 115.-T. D. 21054 (G. A. 4419).

Beads-Colored Glass.-Beads of glass, unstrung, colored or tinted to imitate precious stones, are dutiable at 35 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 408, and not at 20 per cent under paragraph 435. U. S. v. Morrison (179 U. S., 456) followed.-T. D. 25088 (G. A. 5607).

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Chain of Wooden Beads.-Wooden beads connected by links of steel or iron, and forming with a swivel hook and ring a complete chain, are dutiable at 60 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 408, as articles, composed wholly or in part of beads." G. A. 4084 (T. D. 19036) followed.-T. D. 25018 (G. A. 5586).

Coral Beads, not Threaded or Strung.-Coral beads of graduated sizes suitable for necklaces, "not threaded or strung," are dutiable at 35 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 408, and not at 60 per cent ad valorem as "articles commonly known as jewelry, and parts thereof, finished or unfinished" under paragraph 434.-T. D. 21879 (G. A. 4619).

Imitation Pearl Strands-Necklets.-Imitation pearls of small size, matched and temporarily strung, but not fitted with any metal attachment incident to necklaces, chiefly used for embroidery purposes, but possible, after restringing and the adjustment of a snap or clasp, of being made into Jewelry, Held to be dutiable at 45 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 112, and not

at 60 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 434 or paragraph 408.-T. D. 26817 (G. A. 6189).

Imitation Pearls Pierced-Beads.-Imitation pearls pierced or drilled, are dutiable at 35 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 408, as beads, and not at the rate of 20 per cent ad valorem as imitations of precious stones, under paragraph 435.—T. D. 26554 (G. A. 6088).

Nut Curtains.-Curtains composed in chief value of beads made from nuts, the same being known as beaded curtains and also as nut curtains, are dutiable under paragraph 408 as beaded articles, and not at 20 per cent ad valorem under section 6 or at 35 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 208.-T. D. 26707 (G. A. 6150).

Rice-Bead Curtains, composed chiefly of rice paste formed into particles resembling small beads, are subject to the duty provided by paragraph 408, for "articles in part of beads," not being excluded from such classification by the principle of ejusdem generis.-Morimura v. U. S. (C. C. A.), T. D. 29703; T. D. 29015 (C. C.) and (G. A. 6628) T. D. 28257 affirmed.

Strings of variegated beads pendent from a wooden superstructure, made from cotton strings rolled in rice flour dough, the dough being divided and stamped into form of beads, dutiable as beads at 60 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 408.-T. D. 19495 (G. A. 4189).

Rosaries are dutiable according to the component material of chief value entering into their fabrication, and not under paragraph 408 as articles in part of beads. Benziger v. U. S. (T. D. 30386) followed.-T. D. 30731 (G. A. 7053). Rosaries are dutiable according to the component material of chief value and not as "articles in part of beads " under paragraph 408.-U. S. v. Benziger (C. C. A.), T. D. 30386; T. D. 29777 (C. C.) affirmed and (G. A. 6739) T. D. 28883 reversed.

Ejusdem Generis.-Rosaries are not subject to the provision in paragraph 408 for "articles in part of beads," because not ejusden generis with the other goods (ornaments, etc.) included in the context.

Paragraph 408 of the tariff act of 1897, in the light of the provisions of former acts extending back for a period of more than 50 years, would seem to include only beads and bead ornaments or articles ornamented with beads. Such an interpretation of the statutes would and should exclude from paragraph 408 articles used solely for devotional purposes. Benziger Bros. v. U. S. (C. C.), T. D. 29777; affirmed by T. D. 30386 (C. C.) above.

Schlung Spangles, consisting of gelatin spangles permanently attached to cotton cords and used in the manufacture of trimmings or as trimmings or ornaments, are dutiable under paragraph 408 relating to trimmings and other articles composed of spangles.-T. D. 30338 (G. A. 6980).

Articles Composed in Chief Value of Spangles Made of Gelatin.-Crowns and trimmings designed for millinery use, composed of cotton ornamented with gelatin spangles, the latter the component material of chief value, are dutiable at the rate of 60 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 408, and not at 35 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 450. G. A. 5788 (T. D. 25578), affirmed in Metzger v. U. S. (T. D. 26548 and T. D. 27187) followed.-T. D, 27240 (G. A. 6323).

Spangled Hat Crowns.-The phrase in paragraph 408, "articles composed in part of spangles made of gelatin," is more specific than "manufactures of gelatin," in paragraph 450. Accordingly spangled hat crowns are dutiable under 60690°-18-VOL 1-44

the former provision.-Metzger v. U. S. (C. C. A.), T. D. 27187; T. D. 26548 (C. C.) and (G. A. 5788) T. D. 25578 affirmed.

Strung Gelatin Spangles.-Held that strung gelatin spangles which in their condition as imported, are used in making trimmings and ornaments, are ejusdem generis with the articles specifically enumerated in the provision in paragraph 408, for "ornaments, trimmings, or other articles, composed wholly o in part of spangles made of gelatin," and are within the provision for “other articles."-G. Hirsch's Sons v. U. S. (C. C.), T. D. 26400; (G. A. 5818) T. D. 25695 and Ab. 3433 (T. D. 25735) affirmed.

Strung Beads.-Beads of metal or glass, temporarily strung, are dutiable at the rate of 45 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 193 or 112, and not at 35 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 408. G. A. 5878 (T. D. 25891), consecutively affirmed by the United States circuit court in Frankenberg v. U. S. (T. D. 26455), the circuit court of appeals, second circuit (T. D. 27188), and the Supreme Court of the United States (T. D. 28189), followed.-T. D. 28221 (G. A. 6610).

Beads Temporarily Strung.-The provision in paragraph 408, for “beads of all kinds, not threaded or strung," was intended to apply only to beads actually loose, and beads strung temporarily for facilitating transportation are not included therein.-Henry E. Frankenberg Co. v. U. S. (U. S.), T. D. 28189; T. D. 27188 (C. C. A.), T. D. 26455 (C. C.), and (G. A. 5878) T. D. 25891 affirmed.

Metal beads strung are not dutiable as articles composed of beads, but are dutiable at the rate of 45 per cent ad valorem, under paragraph 193, as manufactures of metal. Steinhardt v. U. S. (113 Fed. Rep., 996) followed; G. A. 4418 reversed.-T. D. 23681 (G. A. 5126).

Wooden Beads of the description usually employed in the manufacture of rosaries, strung on silk cords about 2 meters in length, the ends of which have been knotted, thus forming a circlet, the same not being fitted with a metal clasp or other attachment to indicate intended use in the condition in which imported, are dutiable at the rate of 35 per cent ad valorem under paragraph 208, as manufactures of wood and not at 60 per cent ad valorem under the provision of paragraph 408 for articles composed of beads. Steinhardt v. U. S. (113 Fed. Rep., 996) followed.-T. D. 26180 (G. A. 5971).

DECISIONS UNDER THE ACT OF 1894.

Beaded Cords.-Glass beads strung on two cords or threads composed of cotton or silk (the glass beads chief value), used in the manufacture of dress trimmings, are dutiable as glass beads strung.--T. D. 16857 (G. A. 3376).

Beaded Silk Goods-Nets and Tidies.-Silk nets or netting ornamented with beads or other substances, and small tidies composed of a silk foundation with fancy openwork effect, ornamented with beads and spangles of glass and metal, are dutiable as beaded silk goods and not as manufactures of metal, manufactures of cotton, nor as beaded or jet ornaments or trimmings.-T. D. 16225 (G. A. 3104).

Glass-Bead Curtains dutiable as manufactures of glass and not as glass beads strung.-T. D. 16285 (G. A. 3114).

Glass Beads.-Beads include only articles (in all forms) not exceeding 1 inch in diameter and having a hole through the material.-T. D. 16103 (G. A. 3067).

Glass Beads Strung on wire, imported in pieces of 104 yards each, are commercially known as strung beads and dutiable as such.-T. D. 17397 (G. A.

DECISIONS UNDER THE ACT OF 1890.

Beaded Gimps composed of black glass beads strung upon cotton threads so as to form dress ornaments or trimmings are manufactures of glass.-T. D. 11190 (G. A. 549).

Beaded Trimmings.-Dress trimmings composed either of blask glass beads, mounted on silk and cotton foundations, or of black and white glass beads and of metal and tinsel threads mounted on cotton or silk foundations, glass chief value, are manufactures of glass.-T. D. 12704 (G. A. 1353).

Dough Beads.-Beads composed of dough and metal (dough chief value) held to be manufactures of paste.-T. D. 13619 (G. A. 1891).

Glass Beads (So-called Wax.)-White beads of large size, strung, composed of glass coated internally with gelatin, glass chief value, are manufactures of glass.-T. D. 11209 (G. A. 568).

Glass Beads Threaded or Strung.-A finding of the Board of General Appraisers, supported by the weight of evidence, that glass beads threaded or strung are strung beads, dutiable as manufactures of glass and not as glass beads loose, unthreaded, or unstrung, should be sustained.—In re Steiner (C. C.), 66 Fed. Rep., 726.

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Glass beads strung, of two kinds, one consisting of small brown beads, which were a poor imitation of precious stones, known as 'cat's-eye," and the other of larger size, and also an imitation of precious stones, are dutiable as manufactures of glass under paragraph 108.-U. S. v. Morrison; U. S. v. Wolfe, 179 U. S., 456.

Glass Beads, Unstrung.-Glass beads designed for use in making bead trimmings or ornaments, loose and unstrung, are dutiable as beads.-T. D. 12425 (G. A. 1163).

Metal-Lined Glass Beads.-Fringes consisting of glass beads strung upon cotton cords forming pendants, which are attached to narrow silk and cotton and metal galloons, the beads internally coated with metal, are dutiable as manufactures of metal.-T. D. 12943 (G. A. 1494).

Strung Beads of Glass, Metal Lined or coated (metal chief value), are dutiable as manufactures of metal and not under paragraph 108 as manufactures of glass.-Samuel Schiff & Co. v. U. S. (C. C.), 90 Fed. Rep., 795.

Wax Pearls.-Certain pearl beads, strung, composed of glass and other substances (glass chief value), made to imitate pearls and known as wax pearls, held dutiable as precious stones.-T. D. 17504 (G. A. 3643).

DECISIONS UNDER THE ACT OF 1883.

Beads Strung Upon Wire or Bead Trimmings.-Imitation jet beads strung upon wire, commercially known as bead trimmings, are dutiable as bead ornaments and not as manufactures of jet.-T. D. 10330 (G. A. 51).

Hat Trimmings, Metal Galloons, Artificial Leaves, and Beaded Ornaments.-Beaded ornaments and trimmings, such as galloons, wings, and crowns, made of beads composed of imitation jet or glass and strung upon wire, suitable for use as trimmings or making or ornamenting hats, held dutiable as bead ornaments.-T. D. 12376 (G. A. 1148).

Passementerie Beaded Trimmings, such as are ordinarily bought and sold by the yard, composed of silk ornamented with beads of glass, and similar goods ornamented with beads of metal, are dutiable as bead ornaments,