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MRS. P. S. PETERSON, MASSACHUSETTS.

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen:

It would seem more suitable for me to represent Illinois, where my residence is, but I was asked by the President of the College to represent my Alma Mater and bring from the College a greeting to you, and I shall have the pleasure of taking back to them some of the inspiration and help which I have received here.

But, speaking for Massachusetts, we have been handicapped in the work of conservation by the necessity for devoting all of our time, energy, and money for these last years since we have heard of conservation to the destruction of moths that have ruined the forests and trees round Boston and many of the forests of Massachusetts.

The subject of conservation has hardly been touched upon in that State for this reason, but forestry is most fortunate in having for its leader there the State Forester, Mr Rane, who is deeply interested in forests. He has arranged school books which are used in many of the schools throughout the State for teaching the children about the trees. One small book can be easily slipped into the pocket; it has on each page an illustration of a tree and a description of it, so that the pupils who have these can learn to identify the trees whereever they are and they go through the parks to see them, taking the book with them to see what trees they are. Then he has a larger book, used in many schools, which gives the shapes of the leaves.

In Massachusetts the waterways are an important subject because of the great rivers that pass through the State. These are receiving serious study for the reason that they do not rise in their own State. This fact makes it important to acquire the forests, because the people feel that unless the United States owns the forests in New Hampshire,

where these rivers rise, they will soon lose their water power in Massachusetts. You all know of the Merrimac and the great factories upon it, and the largest paper mills in the world are on one of our rivers, the Connecticut. At times the rivers are flooded so that there is great destruction and many months of the year there is so little water that the mills are only able to run a few hours in the day. The Connecticut River has some advantages over almost any other waters in the State, since it has softer, purer, better water, freer from minerals and coloring matter, so that the finest paper in the world is made there. It is, therefore, a serious question whether the United States will secure the forest land in the White Mountains.

Just a word for Illinois. I want to say that the Women's Clubs are working for forestry. In regard to the school, it occurs to me to say one thing. The reason why the colleges are represented here today is because everyone has come to feel that the young people must be educated. In the club world we feel the women should be, so that they can talk intelligently to their husbands and teach the children what forestry means, and when the children are of your age and mine conservation will be as familiar to them as any other subject and conservation will thus become universal throughout the United States. (Continued applause.)

HON. A. F. KNUDSEN, HAWAII.

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen:

I am exceedingly glad to have a few words to say. Hawaii is very glad indeed, this year more especially than any previous year, to be included in all these matters that bring together the sisterhood of States. I will pass by the

facts and details of what Hawaii is doing for Conservation, but I want to say that Hawaii is out on the outskirts of two civilizations and Hawaii's call is for the conservation of the energies of the race. Here East and West have met. They have exchanged ideas, they have exchanged civilizations. They have understood one another, and understanding the limitations of each, they have fraternized as nowhere else on the face of the earth. What a few thousands have done, nations can do, and then war will be obsolete and the armaments of war can be turned to forces of reclamation. The assumption of antagonism is often the sole cause of hate. Fundamentally, hate is ignorance, and that breeds fear which is the only cause of war. But, if the races fraternize, should they mix? Is the half-breed of any use to either race, or to either civilization? He is neither as able as the one, nor as stable as the other. So let us hold up the banner of racial conservation together with that of material conservation, that we may have a fit manhood to continue and maintain the wonderful race and splendid patrimony we are now building.

The American has so changed in a century that the difference between him and his European ancestors is already almost a racial distinction. Let us therefore be jealous as to who shall be born an American citizen, and the next centuries may build better still. Let conservation herald a new civilization and a new race.

Hawaii's excuse for saying all this is that, while small, she has stood where terrific currents meet and surge. Take broad lines, therefore, for work, and do not let the small man with mere local interests befog the racial issues now before the country. Let us look to principles.

In any competition, the looker-on is supposed to see it all, rather than the contestants. Perhaps Hawaii, isolated in oceans and between civilizations, has had time to observe.

to think, and weigh the values on both sides. Let Hawaii be an experiment station, and let the country at large study the experiments that are going on there today, perhaps unnoticed, but of tremendous import to the nation. (Applause.)

DR. ARTHUR MORROW, MONTANA.

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen:

I shall not attempt to use my five minutes. My State is doing a great deal of conservation. We have immense areas. that have been segregated for forest reserves; the Government is engaged in immense irrigation projects. I come from a county in Montana, and happen to be the President of the Chamber of Commerce of the largest town in that county, which has recently given up five-sixths of its area to conservation for a forest reserve, and I want to say that there are no more loyal supporters of the conservation. movement than the people of that county of Montana. (Applause.)

HON. O. J. SALISBURY, UTAH.

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen:

Governor Spry commissioned me to inform the Congress that he would be unable to attend this afternoon, but that he is in hearty cooperation and sympathy with the conservation movement and that he will take great pleasure in addressing the Congress at some other meeting if he may.

As regards the conservation movement in Utah, I can say that I believe we are taking hold of the matter in what we consider a businesslike manner. We believe that the time for theorizing and talk is past and what we need now is to get down to actual work. We are more fortunate than other

States, inasmuch as our Legislature has already awakened to the importance of the conservation of natural resources. Last January it enacted a bill whereby the Governor appointed a State Conservation Commission. The act also carried an appropriation of $3,000 to provide for a working capital. What we are doing now is to collect and assemble data of our resources and present results in such a way that we may try to secure legislation that will conserve our natural resources. An inventory of resources is in progress in Utah now. Not only are we willing to offer our assistance to our own people, but we wish to take this opportunity to say that we are in hearty accord with the general movement and that we heartily cooperate with the nation and with our sister States in bringing about this great movement which we think is so important in Utah.

I also take great pleasure in thanking the Washington Conservation Association for holding this very important meeting. We hope some day, when we call upon the nation, that all States will be represented and may continue the work that has been so ably begun. (Applause.)

DR. N. G. BLALOCK, NORTH CAROLINA.

Mr. Chairman, Ladies and Gentlemen:

North Carolina is my native State, and I am glad to respond for that State. Though I have not the time to speak much of her resources, I take pleasure in speaking of a different phase of conservation. We have neglected, it seems to me, the most important phase of conservation, the protection of our resources in our children. If the ability and character of our children are not protected, we shall receive but little benefit from the conservation of our other resources. Fifty years of my life have been spent in the practice of medicine. I have had opportunities to watch.

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