in the State, the court may order service by publication of the

summons.

PENNSYLVANIA.-Suit may be commenced at any time. An writs are returnable to the first Monday of each month, except September, when it is the third Monday, and if debtor's residence is known, the writ can be issued as late as the Saturday before return day. A summons from a justice of the peace is returnable on a day named therein, which must not be less than five nor more than eight days after the date of the writ, and must be served on the debtor at least four days before the date fixed for the hearing of the cause.

RHODE ISLAND.-If creditor is a non-resident, suit must be brought in the county where debtor resides, or may be found, or where his property is attached. A writ issuing from the Supreme Court or Court of Common Pleas must be served twenty days before the first day of court. Writs are either of arrest or summons. Writs of arrest run first against the body, and, in default thereof, against the goods and chattels of the debtor on all debts due before July 1, 1870. On all causes of action accruing after July 1, 1870, no arrest or attachment can be made unless the creditor, or some one in his behalf, makes oath that the creditor has a just demand against the debtor named in his writ, upon which he has a reasonable expectation of recovery in said action of a sum sufficient to give jurisdiction thereof to the court to which said writ is returnable, and that the debtor has property which he does not intend to apply to the payment of said claim. Or an arrest may be made of a debtor, if the creditor, or some one in his behalf, shall make affidavit that the debtor is about to depart from this State without leaving therein real estate whereon service of said writ may be made by attachment sufficient to satisfy the damages laid there'n; or that he has committed fraud in contracting the debt upon which this action is founded, or that he has committed fraud in the wrongful concealment and wrongful disposition of said property. All writs issued by justices, or courts of magistrates, are returnable in not less than six days from the time they were issued.

SOUTH CAROLINA.-In all actions brought in the Court of Common Pleas service may be made at any time without regard to terms of court; debtor must answer in twenty days, or judgment will go against him by default.

TENNESSEE. The warrant of a justice of the peace is returned for a trial at a time fixed by the officer when he serves it, indorsed on his return. In the Circuit Courts writs served five days prior to a term of the court are returnable to that term.

TEXAS.-Process issued out of the District Court must be

served at least five days before the first day of court, except in cases of service by publication or non-resident debtors, which requires a publication of four weeks before the first day of the term of court.

UTAH.-If the debtor is served within the county where the action is brought, he shall have ten days to answer; if served out of the county, but in the district, twenty days; in other cases, forty days. The New York code of practice has been adopted.

VERMONT.-Actions are commenced by service of summons or by writ of attachment, and if returnable should be served at least twelve days before the day of session of the County Court. In actions before a justice of the peace the summons must be served on the debtor six days before the day of trial; if out of the county twelve days, and on corporations, thirty days. If action is brought in the County Court the summons must be served at least twelve days before the first day of the session of the court, and on corporations thirty days. Actions may be commenced against non-resident debtors holding property in the State, not exempt, by attaching the same, and, if personal property, by leaving a copy of the writ with the person having its custody, and if real estate, by leaving a copy with the town clerk of the town in which the same is situated. If the debtor has a known agent the copy is to be left with him.

VIRGINIA. Summons must be served on debtor two rule days before it can be placed on the docket. The first Monday in each month is rule day. Debtor must be sued in the county or corporation where he resides; or he may be sued wherever the contract is made, provided process (summons) is served on him in county or corporation where contract is made.

WEST VIRGINIA.-All actions for debt brought in the Circuit Court are commenced by service of summons, which ought to be served sixty days before term, and is returnable to the rule day of court. In suits before a justice of the peace, the summons to debtor is made returnable at some time within thirty days from its date, and must be served at least ten days before the trial, which is on the day the writ is returnable.

WISCONSIN.-In justice courts, six days in ordinary cases. In Circuit Courts, on money demands, twenty days after personal service of process; if not personally served, debtor has six weeks and twenty days.

JURISDICTION OF COURTS.

CIRCUIT Courts of the United States have jurisdiction of cases in which the amount of controversy, exclusive of costs, exceeds $500, and the suit is between a citizen of the State where the suit is brought and a citizen of another State.

ALABAMA.-Justices' courts have jurisdiction in all civil cases where the amount does not exceed $100. Circuit court where the amount exceeds $50.

ARKANSAS.-Justices' courts have exclusive jurisdiction of all claims up to $200, and concurrent jurisdiction with the Circuit courts up to $500. Circuit courts have concurrent jurisdiction with justices' courts on sums upon $200 to $500, and exclusive jurisdiction on all sums over $500.

CALIFORNIA.-Justices' courts have jurisdiction for the recovery of debts, where the sum claimed (exclusive of interest) is less than $300. District courts have jurisdiction over any sum exceeding $300.

COLORADO.-Justices' courts have jurisdiction in actions for debt up to $300, in all counties except Arapahoe, where the limit is $100. Probate courts to the amount of $2,000, in all counties except Gilpin, in which the jurisdiction is limited to $300. District courts are not limited as to amount.

CONNECTICUT.-Justices' courts have jurisdiction up to $100; courts of Common Pleas, established only in Hartford, New Haven, New London, and Fairfield counties, up to $500. Supe rior court not limited as to amount.

DELAWARE.-Justices' courts have jurisdiction within their respective counties in actions where the claim or demand does not exceed $100. Superior court has jurisdiction in the several counties of the State, in actions for any amount.

DISTRICT OF COLUMBIA.-Justices' courts have jurisdiction in civil actions for recovery of debt where the amount involved does not exceed (exclusive of interest) $100. Supreme court (Circuit) has jurisdiction on all amounts exceeding $100.

FLORIDA.-Justices' courts have jurisdiction where the debt does not exceed $50. County court where it does not exceed $300. Circuit court has unlimited jurisdiction.

GEORGIA.-Justices' court jurisdiction is $100. City court of Savannah, up to $1,000. City court of Atlanta, $3,000. City court of Augusta, the same. Superior court, unlimited.

ILLINOIS.-Justices' court jurisdiction is limited to $200. Superior court of Cook county has unlimited jurisdiction in that

county. Circuit courts, held in the different counties, have unlimited jurisdiction.

INDIANA. Justices' courts have jurisdiction up to $200, in actions for debt within the township where the debtor resides. The Circuit court and court of Common Pleas have concurrent jurisdiction to an unlimited amount.

IOWA. Justices' court jurisdiction extends to all cases for collection of debt where the amount in controversy does not exceed $100; but, by consent of the parties, it may be extended to any amount not exceeding $300. District courts have unlimited jurisdiction.

KANSAS.-Justices' courts have jurisdiction of civil cases for the recovery of debts where the amount claimed does not exceed $300. District courts have unlimited jurisdiction.

KENTUCKY.-Justices' courts have jurisdiction where the matter in controversy, exclusive of interest, does not exceed $50. In Jefferson county they have jurisdiction to the extent of $100exclusive of interest. Quarterly courts when the amount does not exceed $100. Circuit courts have unlimited jurisdiction.

LOUISIANA.-Justices' courts have jurisdiction where the amount claimed does not exceed $100, exclusive of interest. Parish courts have concurrent jurisdiction with Justices' courts when the amount is more than $25, and less than $100, exclusive of interest-and have exclusive original jurisdiction when the amount exceeds $100 and does not exceed $500. District courts have original jurisdiction when the amount exceeds $500, exclusive of interest. In the city of New Orleans, the seventh and eighth District Courts have been abolished by Act of December 11th, 1872, and a new Court, styled the "Superior District Court for the parish of Orleans," created in their stead, writ jurisdiction as follows:

"Shall have exclusive jurisdiction in and for the parish of Orleans, to issue writs of injunctions, mandamuses, quo warranto, and to entertain all proceedings, and to try all cases or actions in which the right to any office, State, parish or municipal, is in any way involved. The said Superior District Court shall also have exclusive original jurisdiction in and for the parish of Orleans, over all cases or proceedings in which the State of Louisiana, the municipal corporation of the city of New Orleans, the Board of Metropolitan Police, the Board of School Directors for the city of New Orleans, or any corporation established by act of the General Assembly, and domiciled in the parish of Orleans, shall be a party, or be interested, where the amount in dispute shall exceed the sum of one hundred dollars, and said court shall have appellate jurisdiction from the justices of the peace in the parish of Orleans in all cases in which the State, the city of New

Orleans, the Board of Metropolitan Police, the Board of School Directors, or any such corporation aforesaid shall be a party.”

MAINE-Justices' courts, $20. Superior Court, established only in Cumberland county, has exclusive jurisdiction from claims of $20 to those in which the amount does not exceed $500, and concurrent jurisdiction with the Supreme Judicial Court in actions for debt above $500. Supreme Judicial Court has unlimited jurisdiction in all actions except those within the exclusive jurisdiction of Justices' courts or the Superior Court of Cumberland County.

MARYLAND.-Justices' court jurisdiction is $100, and in Baltimore city it is exclusive up to that sum. The Superior Court of Baltimore city, court of Common Pleas, and the Baltimore City Court have jurisdiction when the sum exceeds $100. Circuit courts, in the several counties, have concurrent jurisdiction with the Justices' courts where the sum exceeds $50, and exclusive where it exceeds $100.

MASSACHUSETTS.-Municipal and Police courts have jurisdiction when the debt does not exceed $20. The Supreme Judicial Court has original and concurrent jurisdiction with the Superior Court, in actions for recovery of debt, to the amount of $4,000 in Suffolk county, and $1,000 in the other counties of the State. Superior Court has jurisdiction where the amount claimed exceeds $20. Municipal Court of the city of Boston has jurisdiction concurrently with the Superior Court in the county of Suffolk, in actions where the debt does not exceed $300, provided the debtor resides or has his usual place of business in the county of Suffolk. Municipal Court of Worcester has original concurrent jurisdiction with the Superior Court in the county of Worcester where the debt does not exceed $200.

MICHIGAN.-Justices' courts have original jurisdiction when the debt does not exceed $100, and concurrent jurisdiction with the Circuit Court when the debt does not exceed $300. Circuit courts, for their respective counties, have jurisdiction when the debt exceeds $100.

MINNESOTA.-Justices' court jurisdiction extends to amounts not exceeding $100. District Court has unlimited jurisdiction.

MISSISSIPPI. Justices' courts have jurisdiction over all debts and demands of a civil nature where the principal sum shall not exceed $150, exclusive of interest. Circuit courts have original jurisdiction of all demands over $150 principal.

MISSOURI.-Justices' courts, in counties having over fifty thousand inhabitants, have jurisdiction on contracts to the extent of $200, and on bonds and notes to the extent of $300; in counties having less than fifty thousand, on contracts to $90 and on bonds