Alcibiades, character of, 302; deceives the
Spartan ambassadors, 303; at Olympia,
804; attacks Epidaurus, ib.; in Sicily, 308;
accused of mutilating the Herma, 310;
arrest and escape of, 313; condemned,
314; goes to Sparta, ib.; excites a revolt of
the Chians, 326; dismissed by the Spar-
tans, 327; flies to Tissaphernes, 327; in-
trigues of, 328; proceedings at Samos, 331;
arrested by Tissaphernes, 336; defeats the
Peloponnesians at Cyzicus, ib.; returns to
Athens, 337; dismissed from the command
of the Athenian fleet, 340; flies to Phar-
nabazus, 351; murdered, ib.
Alcidas, 280, 285.

Alcmæon, 84.

Alcmæonidæ banished, 89.

Alcman, 123.

Alcmena, 17.

Alcuin, 594.

Aleuadæ, 473.

Alexander, King of Macedon, 204.
Alexander of Pheræ, 449; defeated by Pe-
lopidas, 451; subdued, ib.

Alexander the Great, 487; education, 490;
accession, 491; overawes the Thebans and
Athenians, 492; generalissimo against Per-
sia, ib.; interview with Diogenes, ib.; ex-
pedition against the Thracians, &c., ib.;
reduces the Thebans to obedience, 493;
demands the Athenian orators, ib.; crosses
to Asia, 495; forces the passage of the
Granicus, ib.; progress through Asia Mi-
nor, 496; cuts the Gordian knot, ib.; dan-
gerous illness, 497; defeats the Persians at
Issus, 498; march through Phoenicia, 499;
besieges Tyre, 500; answer to Parmenio,
ib.; proceeds to Egypt, 501; visits the tem-
ple of Ammon, ib.; defeats Darius in the
battle of Arbela, 502; enters Babylon, 503;
seizes Susa, ib.; marches to Persepolis, ib.;
pursues Darius, 504; invades Hyrcania,
505; enters Bactria, 506; defeats the Scy-
thians, 507; marries Roxana, ib.; kills Cli-
tus, ib.; plot of the pages against his life,
ib.; crosses the Indus, 508; vanquishes
Porus, ib.; marches homewards, 509; peril
at Malli, ib.; arrives at the Indian Ocean,
510; march through Gedrosia, ib.; marries
Statira, ib.; quells a mutiny at Opis, 511;
solemnizes the festival of Dionysus at Ec-
batana, ib.; his ambitious projects, 512;

Antigonias, Athenian tribe, 523.
Antigonus, 515, 519; coalition against, 522;
assumes the title of king, 523; slain, 524.
Antigonus Doson, 531.
Antigonus Gonatas, 528.
Antioch, founded by Seleucus, 524.
Antiochus, 339, 448.
Antiochus Soter, 528.
Antiochus III., 534.

Antipater, defeats the Spartans, 515; defeat-
ed at the Spercheus, 517; overthrows the
allied Greeks at Crannon, 518; demands
the Athenian orators, ib.; declared regent,
520; death, ib.

Antiphon, 329, 332; executed, 333; charac-
ter as an orator, 549.
Antisthenes, 554.
Antoninus, 564.
Anytus, 391.

Apaturia, festival of, 342.
Apelles, 542.

Apollo Pythæus, 56; Temnites, 315; Epicu-
rius, temple of, 378.
Apollodorus, 364.
Apollonia, 117.

Apollonius Rhodius, 566.

Appian, 559.
Arachosia, 506.
Aratus, 529.

Arbela, battle of, 502.
Arcadia, 6, 55.

Arcadian confederation, 443.

Arcadians transfer the presidency of the
Olympic games to the Pisatans, 452.
Arcesilaus, 554.
Archelaus, 468.
Archias, 431, 519.

Archidamus, 260, 265, 266, 268, 269. be-
sieges Platæa, 274.
Archilochus, 121.
Architecture, 133, 543.

Archon, 77; Athenian, 84; eponymus and
basileus, 86.

Areopagus, court of, 87; reformed by Peri-
cles, 239; hill of, 357, 372.
Arginusæ, battle of, 341.

Argives and Spartans, struggles between, 74.
Argo, ship, 19.
Argolis, 6.
Argonauts, 19.

Argos, 7, 13, 14, 55; progress of, 241; head
of a new confederacy, 301.
Argyropoulos, 635.

Ariadne, 18.

Ariæus, 399.

Ariobarzanes, 504.
Arion, 123, 877.
Aristagoras, 154 seq.
Aristarchus, 558.

Aristeides, character of, 171; recalled from
exile, 189; defeats the Persians, 196; or-
ganizes the confederacy of Delos, 226;
change in his views, 230; death, 234.
Aristion, 562.

Aristippus, 554.

Aristocrates, 72.

Aristodemus of Messenia, 71.

Aristodemus of Sparta, 212.

Aristogeiton. See Harmodius.

Aristophanes, his politics, 282; account of,

382 seq.

Aristophanes of Byzantium, 558.
Aristomenes of Messenia, 71.

Aristotle, 491; account of, 555; method and
philosophy, 556.
Armatoloi, 603.
Arrian, 559.

Arsinoë, 527.

sist the Ionians, 156; war with Egina,
168; abandon Athens, 188; reject the Per-
sian alliance, 204; constitution more dem-
ocratic, 230; form an alliance with Argos
241; assist Inarus, ib.; defeat the Ægine-
tans, 242; conquer Boeotia, 244; reduce
Egina, ib.; lose their power in Boeotia,
246; despotic power of, 253; make peace
with Persia, 245; conclude a thirty years'
truce with Sparta, 247; subjugate Samos
253; form an alliance with Corcyra, 256;
their allies and resources in the Pelopon-
nesian war, 265; their fleet annoys the
Peloponnesus, 268; ravage the Megarid,
ib.; their decree against the Mytileneans,
282; take Pylus, 288; expedition against
Boeotia, 295; conclude a truce with Spar-
ta, 298; peace of Nicias, 299; refuse to
evacuate Pylus, 302; treaty with Argos,
304; conquer Melos, 307; massacre the in-
habitants, ib.; interfere in Sicilian affairs,
ib.; expedition to Sicily, 308; progress of,
312; insult the coasts of Laconia, 318;
send a fresh fleet to Sicily, 319; defeated
at sea by the Syracusans, 320; retreat
from Syracuse, 821; defeated by the Lace-
dæmonians off Eretria, 333; gain a naval
victory at Cynossema, 335; at Abydos,
336; at Cyzicus, ib.; regain possession of
the Bosporus, 337; totally defeated at
Egospotami, 344; ally themselves with
Thebes, 416; form a league with Corinth
and Argos against Sparta, 417; lose the
command of the Hellespont, 425; head of
a new confederacy, 433; declare war
against Sparta, ib.; peace with Sparta,
437; form an alliance with the Pelopon-
nesian States, 443; send an embassy to
Persia, 448; support Alexander of Pheræ,
449; their desire to seize Corinth, 450; re-
viving maritime power of, ib.; deceived
by Philip, 470; coalition against, 471;
send an embassy to him, 477; court Phil-
ip, 478; send a fleet to relieve Byzantium,
483; their alarm at the approach of Philip,
484; prostrated by the battle of Chæronea,
486; their piratical expedition to Oropus,
536; condemned in 500 talents by the Ro-
mans, 537.

Athens, its origin, 14, 18; early constitution
of, 86; taken by the Persians, 190; second
occupation of, by the Persians, 205; re-
building of, 228; long walls of, 242; incipi-
ent decline of, 246; crowded state of, dur-
ing the Peloponnesian war, 267; plague at,
269; dismay at, 325; oligarchy established
at, 830; invested by the Peloponnesians,
346; famine at, 347; surrender of, ib.;
Spartan garrison at, 349; democracy re-
stored at, 354; description of the city, 357
seq.; origin of its name, 358; rebuilt, ib.;
walls, ib.; harbors, 359; streets, &c., 360;
population, 361; long walls rebuilt, 419;
captured by Demetrius, 526; siege of, dur-
ing the Revolution, 625.

Athos, Mount, canal at, 174.
Attaginus, 212.

Attic tribes, four, 85; increased to ten,

102.

Attica, 5; early history of, 83; three factions
in, 90.

federacy restored, 436.

Boges, 227.

Boniface, 579.

Bosporus, Athenian toll at the, 337.
Botzarēs, Marcos, 614.
Boulé, 25.

Brasidas, 289; his expedition into Thrace,
296; death, 299; honors paid to his mem-
ory, ib.

Brennus, 528.

Bribery among the Greeks, 185.
Bryas, 306.

Bucephala, founded by Alexander, 508.
Buchon, 637.

Byron, Lord, 616 seq.
Byzantine Historians, 588 seq.

Byzantines, erect a statue in honer of Ath-
ens, 483.

Byzantium, 118; taken by the Athenians,
225; second capture of, 254; third capture
of, 337; besieged by Philip, 482; relieved
by the Athenians, 483; sketch of, 570.

C.

Chabrias, 422, 433; defeats the Lacedæmo
nian fleet at Naxos, 435; slain, 471.

Chæreas, 331.

Chærephon, 390.

Chærilus, 377.

Chæronea, first battle of, 246; second battle,
485.
Chalcedon, 337.

Chalcocondylas of Athens, 597.
Chalybes, the, 403.
Chares, 450, 471, 483.
Chares (sculptor), 545.
Charicles, 318.
Charidemus, 475.
Charilaus, 58, 74.
Chariots of war, 29.
Charon of Lampsacus, 220.
Charon of Thebes, 481.
Cheirisophus, 404.

Chians, revolt of the, 326.
Chileos, 205.
Chilo, 127.
Chionides, 382.

Chios, attacked by the Athenians, 471.
Chremonidean war, 529.

Christopoulos, 638.

the Spartans, 429; recovered, 432.

Cadmus, 14.

Cadmus of Miletus, 219.

Calamis, 362.

Callias, peace of, 438.

Callias of Chalcis, 482.

Callicrates, 536.

Callicratidas, 340.

Callimachus, 558, 566.

Callippus, 461.

Calirrhoë, fountain of, 99.

Callistratus, 433.

Callixenus, 342.

Cambunian Mountains, 2.

Chryselephantine statuary, 869.
Chrysoloras, Emanuel, 595.
Cilicians, 562, 563.

Cimon of Cleonæ, 141.

Cimon, son of Miltiades, 227; his character,
235; assists the Lacedæmonians, 238; ban-
ished, 240; his sentence revoked, 244; ex-
pedition to Cyprus and death, 245; his
patronage of art, 366.

Cinadon, conspiracy of, 409.

Cirrhæan plain, 48, 472.

Citharon, Mount, 4.

Cities, independent sovereignty of, 52.
Clearchus, 394, 398.

ib.
Canachus, 362.

Cleippides, 279.

Cleisthenes of Sicyon, 79.

Cnidos, battle of, 414.

Cochrane, Lord, 624.

Codrington, Sir Edward, 627.
Codrus, death of, 84.
Colchians, the, 403.
Colocotrones, 608.

Colonies, Greek, 108 seq.; relation to the
mother country, ib.; how founded, 109;
mostly democratic, 110; in Asia Minor, ib.;
in Sicily, 111; in Italy, 113; in Gaul and
Spain, 116; in Africa, ib.; in the Ionian
Sea, ib.; in Macedonia and Thrace, 117;
progress of, 251.

Comedy, old Attic, 382; new, 547.
Conon, supersedes Alcibiades, 340; defeated
by Callicratidas, ib.; accepts the command
of the Persian fleet, 411; occupies Caunus,
413; proceeds to Babylon, 414; defeats
the Spartan fleet at Cnidos, ib.; reduces
the Spartan colonies, 419; takes Cythera,
ib.; rebuilds the long walls of Athens, ib.;
seized by Tiribazus, 423.
Conquest of Constantinople, 582.
Constantine, 569.

Constantinople, 570.

Constitution of 1822, 612 seq.

Constitution of 1843, 633, 634.

Contablacos, 597.

Copais, Lake, 5.
Coraës, 606.

Corax, 4.

Corcyra, 7, 117; troubles in, 284; massacre
at, 293; defended by an Athenian fleet, 436.
Corcyræans, quarrel with Corinth, 255; send
an embassy to Athens, 256.
Corinna, 217.

Corinth, 55; despots of, 80; battle of, 417;
massacre at, 420; congress at, 487; an-
other congress at, 492; destroyed by Mum-
mius, 538.
Corinthian Gulf, 5.

Critias, 348; seizes Salamis and Eleusis, 358;
slain, ib.
Crito, 891.
Critolaus, 537.
Croesus, 145; fall of, 147.
Croton, 113.
Crusades, 578.
Cryptia, 61.
Cumæ, 111.

Cunaxa, battle of, 398.

Cyclades, 7.

Cyclic poets, 39.

Cyclopean walls, 134.

Cyllene, Mount, 6.

Cylon, conspiracy of, 88.
Cynics, the, 554.
Cynosarges, the, 554.
Cynoscephalæ, battle of, 451.
Cynuria, 74.
Cypselus, 80.
Cyrenaic sect, 554.
Cyrene, 117.

Cyrus, empire of, 146; captures Sardis, 147,
takes Babylon, 148; death, 149.
Cyrus the younger, arrives on the coast, 338;
his expedition against his brother Arta-
xerxes, 394; march, 396 seq.; slain, 899.
Cythera, 7.

Cyzicus, 111, 336; recovered by the Atheni-
ans, ib.

Darius, 149; his administration, 150; Thra-
cian expedition of, 151; extorts the sub-
mission of the Macedonians, 152; death,
172.

Darius Codomanus, defeated by Alexander
at Issus, 497; overthrown by Alexander at
Arbela, 502; murdered, 505.
Datis, 161.

Decarchies, Spartan, 346, 410.
Decelea, 318.
Deianira, 17.
Delfino, 599.

Delium, Athenian expedition against, 295;
battle of, 296.

Delos, confederacy of, 227; tribute, 252;
synod removed to Athens, 253; lustration
of, 287.

Delphi, temple of, 48; oracle, 51; taken by
the Phocians, 472; oracle of, concerning
Philip, 488.

Demades, 518.

Demaratus, 169.

Demes, Attic, 102.

Demetrias, Athenian tribe, 523.

Demetrius of Phalerus, 521; character of,

523; retires to Thebes, ib.

Demetrius Poliorcetes, 522; besieges Salamis.

523; besieges Rhodes, ib.; takes Athens,
525; king of Macedon, 526; death, 527.
Demetrius of Pharos, 532.
Demiurgi, 18.

Democracy, 77; Athenian, progress of, 281.
Demosthenes (general), 288, 291; death, 322.
Demosthenes (orator), account of, 474; Phi-
lippics, ib.; first, ib.; Olynthiacs, 476; em-
bassy, 477; second Philippic, 481; oration
on the Peace, ib.; mission into Pelopon-
nesus, ib.; third Philippic, 482; oration on
the Chersonese, ib.; presented with a golden
crown, ib.; goes envoy to Thebes, 485;
fights at Cheronea, ib.; his conduct after
Philip's death, 491; proposes religious hon-
ors for Philip's assassin, ib.; his opinion of
Alexander, ib.; exertions to rouse Greece,
ib.; embassy to Alexander, 492; accused
by Eschines, 515; speech on the Crown, 516;
condemned of corruption, ib.; recalled from
exile, 518; demanded by Antipater, 518;
escapes to Calaurea, 519; death, ib.; char-
acter as an orator, 551.
Dercyllidas, 411, 419.
Deucalion, 11.

Dexippus, 565.

Diacria, 90.

Elea founded, 148.

Eleans, 32; attack the Arcadians at Olympia,

452.

Eleusinians, condemned to death by the 3000
at Athens, 353.

Eleutheria, festival of, 212.
Elis, 7, 55; reduced by the Spartans, 408.
Embassy of the three philosophers to Rome,

537.

Embroidery, 28.
Ennea Hodoi, 237.

Epameinondas, 430; named Bootarch, 432;
his character, 484; embassy to Sparta, 437;
military genius of, 440; defeats the Spar
tans at Leuctra, 441; invades Laconia, 444;
establishes the Arcadian confederation, and
restores the Messenians, 445; again invades
Peloponnessus, 447; saves the Theban
army, 449; rescues Pelopidas, ib.; naval
expedition of, 451; last invasion of Pelo-
ponnesus, 453; death of, 454.
Epariti, 445.
Epeans, 32.
Epeirus, 4.
Ephesus, 111.

Ephetæ, 87.

Ephialtes, 182.

Ephialtes (the friend of Pericles), 240.

Ephors, 61; power of the, 62.

Epic poetry, 39.

Epicharmus, 376.

Epicnemidian Locrians, 5.

Epicurean sect, 554.
Epicurus, 526, 590.
Epidamnus, 117, 255.
Epidaurus, 6.
Epigoni, 20.
Epimenides, 89.
Epipolæ, 315.
Epitadas, 292.
Epyaxa, 396.
Equals, Spartan, 410.
Erechtheum, 250, 370.
Eretria, capture of, 162.
Erigena, 595.
Eteocles, 20.
Euæphnus, 70.

Euboea, 7; revolt from Athens, 247; second
revolt of, 333.

Eupolis, 382.

Eupompus, 542.

Euripides, account of, 381; character as a
poet, ib.

Euripides the younger, 546.