quietly, without any shouts of exultation; heard nothing but the drums and fifes, and certainly they made noise enough. As the Orangemen returned in the evening, the women, who were assembled at the roadside, abused them very much, and I saw a stone thrown at the procession by a woman; the Orangemen took all this goodhumouredly. The Ribbonmen certainly did not look so peaceably disposed as the Orangemen ; the Ribbonmen appeared determined to have a fight; the Orangemen were walking as it had been their custom to do, for, I suppose, the last fifty years.'—pp. 17, 18.

Lieut. Terry, of the 9th Regt.-'Women at the roadside insulted them greatly; they cried out, "Ah! you're prisoners.". I was ́astonished that the Orangemen bore their abuse so quietly they took no notice of it at all.'-p. 31.

Colour-serjeant Stanfield, of the 9th.-'I heard a man at Dolly's Brae, in the morning, abuse the Orangemen ; I advised him to go home, but he would not, and said he would have three or four of their lives before night; saw him afterwards a prisoner, with a ball in his cheek.'

Note for future observation that this man's name was Traynor. 'I think there was danger to the public peace from one party, but not from the other; from what I saw the Orange party stand in the morning all sorts of abuse, bad names, beastly names-am certain there would have been no danger to the peace if they had not been attacked; it was from the rebel party danger was to be apprehended; I'm an Englishman, and have no feeling one way or other.'-pp. 68, 69.

While the Orange procession proceeded thus, with exemplary patience, over Dolly's Brae and to Tollymore Park, the Ribbonmeninstead of going home, as they would have done had their only object been the sufficiently culpable one of disputing the passage maintained their ground with a still more culpable one, and the whole of their proceedings sufficiently attest the treasonable character of their association in general, and of that particular assemblage on that day.

Lieutenant Terry says- The rebels remained in the field (in the valley, R), firing all day-blazing away, as if trying the range of their pieces; they seemed as if firing at a target, but I did not see any; some of them came up the hill where we were, but when they came near the arms Major Wilkinson gave orders, and they were cleared off; one fellow pulled a pistol out of his pocket and fired it up the hill; about five in the evening, saw a white and green flag waved, at one end of the rebel force; then they marched in sections of three, and took up their position on Magheramayo hill; when I saw this I remarked there would be a "shindy."'-Ibid., p. 31.

Major Wilkinson says- The party of Ribbonmen in the field remained in it all day; parties of six and seven came up into the field where we were, near to the arms, and some of them with arms came boldly into it; then I thought it was time to clear them out of that, as

I did not like them so near my pickets; I could have cleared the party away, out of the field, if I had got orders to do so-oh! dear yes: as we were putting them down from the hill, one fellow pulled out a pistol, and fired it up at us, as a kind of bravado: there might be 700 or 800 of them in the field at this time; the number kept continually increasing; one-half of them might have had guns; they fired off, in file-firing, as a kind of amusement, or to let us see what arms they had. Towards evening, they formed in close column, or "mob square;" then there was a movement among them, and I said, "They 're going to deploy into line;" some one was evidently directing them; they looked rather formidable and I thought they endangered the peace; about half-past five o'clock I saw a long streamer, of a pea-green or dirty white colour, waved at one end of their line; then the whole body marched round this streamer unto the road, and up to Magheramayo hill; I observed they were congregating on some hills there; Mr. Morgan (the priest), whom I again found on the hill-he and Mr. Mooney (his curate) had been going and coming all day—said the Ribbonmen were going away; in reply to that, I pointed out the position they were taking up; he said, "However, I'll ride at the head of the Orangemen, and that will prevent disturbance." -Ibid., p. 4.

Even Mr. Berwick, with all his bias, is forced to admit,

that the armed Ribbon body, which had collected in the morning, continued without interruption in the position taken by them on the road-side, firing shots, and showing by their conduct an evident disposition to fight.'-Report.

The Priest, we shall see, did no such thing as he had promised to Major Wilkinson, but he did what we think will astonish our readers. The majority of this body of men were strangers to the immediate locality-the natural object of one desiring to preserve peace would have been to induce those people to return home, for, as Mr. Scott said, they could now have no motive, nor even pretence of a motive, for remaining, except mischief. But, instead of advising them to return home, the Priest, under the pretence that they might straggle away or get into public-houses, sent and bought a supply of bread for them; while they employed the whole day in such military and menacing evolutions as Major Wilkinson and Mr. Terry have described. The explanation given by the Priest of this distribution of bread is quite as remarkable as the act itself. He himself says

'It was after the Orangemen passed by (in the morning) that I gave the men in the field the bread; it did occur to me at the time that that act of mine might be construed by them into encouragement.'Evid., p. 105.

But he did not say anything to the people themselves to contradict that idea. He proceeds

'I told

'I told the Stipendiary Magistrate, Mr. Tabuteau, of it as soon as I saw him afterwards.

'Mr. Tabuteau.-I have no recollection of your telling me any thing of the kind.

'Mr. Morgan.-On my oath I told you on the hill. I did not tell them (the Ribbonmen) to go home. I did advise them to go away out of that in the middle of the day.'—Ibid.

This is very important. Out of that' means of course out of the position in the valley which they had taken up hastily in the morning on finding the troops in possession of the Brae, and where they could have done little harm to the Orangemen, and were commanded by Major Wilkinson's troops. Was it in consequence of this good advice of the Priest's that the movement took place to the opposite and doubly formidable position on the hill of Magheramayo? We say doubly, because at that moment, though Mr. Morgan had advised the return of the Orangemen by the old road, it was by no means certain whether they might not, as many advised, return by the new road. Now the position on Magheramayo hill (see our second sketch, p. 259) had this advantage, that it commanded the new road rather more completely than the old one (Evid., pp. 15-33), so that, by occupying that position, they were-in utrumque parati-sure of being able to attack the procession at advantage whichever road it might take. The experienced eyes of Major Wilkinson and Mr. Hill saw clearly, from the movements of the party, that they were directed by some superior strategist. Mr. Morgan's advice to them to go away from that, but NOT to go home, gives us an idea that he may have been, if not the strategist himself, at least not ignorant of what the strategist would recommend. He proceeds :—

'The reason I did not tell them to go home was, that I was afraid lest some evil-disposed persons might not do so, but waylay the Orangemen as they were returning home, and attack them; I would not take upon myself the responsibility of giving them that advice; Roman Catholic Clergymen have great influence over the minds of their people; if I had advised the people to go away from the hill and go home, I do think the majority would have taken my advice, but I was afraid that a few ill-disposed persons would not, and that they might fire on the Orangemen, and thus produce a collision; I thought if they remained together, the well-disposed among them might restrain the ill-disposed; if I had the same thing to do over again, after placing myself under a Stipendiary Magistrate, as I did, I'd act precisely the same way as I did; I think that a few ill-disposed Ribbonmen might have caused more harm than if they all remained together; am not of opinion there would have been less danger if they had dispersed, than there was by their remaining together; I thought it probable that a few ill-disposed Ribbonmen would fire on such a large Orange procession, though guarded by military and police; that is my opinion still; gave

the

the money to M'Cartan, to get the bread; did not tell him my reason for giving the bread to the men, but told him to give it to the strangers, as I was more afraid of them than of the people belonging to the place.' -Ibid., p. 105.

We leave this evidence to the appreciation of our readers, with a single but most important observation-that even Mr. Morgan's fancy does not venture to suppose that there was or could be in any case any danger of the Orangemen firing on the Ribbonmen, but, on the contrary, all his anxiety was lest some ill-disposed Ribbonmen might fire on the Protestants; and therefore he gave the Ribbonmen bread to keep them together, and advised them to move from a place where the most ill-disposed could hardly venture to commence hostilities if the procession returned the same road, to a stronger position, the fire of which would command the procession whichever road it might take.

But what follows is still more surprising. On his crossexamination by the counsel for the Orangemen, he admits that

"When the people promised me in the field (the valley) to go away [not to go home!] they knelt down and I gave them my blessing.'— Evid., p. 106.

And it was with this blessing that they moved to the new and more formidable position. Mr. Morgan's further justification of that act at such a time and place is more wonderful still :

'I thought, in giving my blessing to the people on the hill, I was doing right; I believe it would be right to give it to the worst of persons, as the worse a party was the more they required it.'-Evidence, p. 113.

And when Mr. Morgan and his curate, Mr. Mooney, were subsequently asked why they did not continue their peaceable intervention on Magheramayo hill, they declared that, fearing a collision, they were afraid that they might pass for leaders of the Ribbonmen. No unlikely suspicion, we admit, but one that they seem to have thought of rather late in the day, and which was at least as likely to have been suggested by their whole conduct previous to the movement to the hill, and more particularly the bread and the blessing. Connected with this most important part of the affair is a remarkable misrepresentation of Mr. Berwick's. Mr. Morgan states and repeats that he did not desire the people to go home-that, on the contrary, he thought it best to keep them together, and for that purpose brought them bread. Nothing can be clearer. Yet Mr. Berwick's statement is the very reverse :— 'The two Roman Catholic clergymen appear to have exerted themselves without effect to induce this body to return to their homes.'Report.

This flagrant variance is to us inexplicable.

Let us now follow the Orangemen to Tollymore. When this visit was first offered to Lord Roden he declined it. On reconsideration, however, he determined to accept of it. His Lordship, on the arrival of the procession, received it at his park gate, through which it proceeded and bivouacked in an adjoining field, where, in addition to their own provisions, his Lordship's servants served them with beer, bread, and cheese. Some of the magistrates, and some ladies and gentlemen, had a slight lunch under a marquee. His Lordship gives in his evidence a candid and manly exposition of the motives-highly honourable and patriotic -which induced him at last to accept this visit. Though deputygrand-master of the institution, he had always been averse to processions (Evid. p. 79), and on this occasion would for personal reasons have gladly avoided a scene of so much bustle; but, besides his reluctance to disappoint his friendly neighbours, his Lordship adds,

'Another motive with me was, that about this time last year there was a rebellion in some parts of the country; it was said that the great body of the people throughout every part of the country were favourable to it, in order to get a Repeal of the Union; I saw the great exertions the Government were making to put down that rebellion; I saw that every loyal man was anxious to assist them, and, knowing the sentiments of the Orangemen on rebellion and the Repeal of the Union, I felt it most important that at that period of difficulty they should show their feelings and state their opinions, in aid of the Government, against the rebellion. The 12th of July, '48, arrived; the meetings of the Orangemen were very extensive and numerous, and I will not deny I was one of those who did not discountenance such meetings, for such purposes. The loyal and peaceable manner in which they conducted themselves on that occasion, together with the union of sentiment I hold with them, made it appear to me that this year, when they wished to pay me a compliment and a visit, it would be impossible and most ungrateful to refuse it, hoping, and having every reason to expect, that the same happy results from their meeting in '48 would take place in '49.' -Evid., p. 71.

We shall see by and by the reasons that Lord Roden had for believing that the Orange demonstrations of 1848 were highly agreeable to Lord Clarendon, and he might well think that those of the present year were not likely to be less so. It was this feeling, and this feeling alone, that induced Lord Roden to overcome his well-known objection to these processions.

After the people had rested and refreshed themselves, for the day was very hot-the very hottest, we find from other evidence, of the whole year-and they were all, and particularly the women and young persons, very much tired, Lord Roden, from a kind of

platform,